CN101310591A - Modern system agricultural industry system designed according to material and energy cycle - Google Patents

Modern system agricultural industry system designed according to material and energy cycle Download PDF

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CN101310591A
CN101310591A CNA2008100939245A CN200810093924A CN101310591A CN 101310591 A CN101310591 A CN 101310591A CN A2008100939245 A CNA2008100939245 A CN A2008100939245A CN 200810093924 A CN200810093924 A CN 200810093924A CN 101310591 A CN101310591 A CN 101310591A
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light source
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孙以川
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Priority to PCT/CN2009/071390 priority patent/WO2009129737A1/en
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
    • C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
    • A23K10/37—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms from waste material
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
    • Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
    • Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
    • Y02P20/129—Energy recovery, e.g. by cogeneration, H2recovery or pressure recovery turbines
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
    • Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
    • Y02P20/133—Renewable energy sources, e.g. sunlight
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
    • Y02P20/141—Feedstock
    • Y02P20/145—Feedstock the feedstock being materials of biological origin
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
    • Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
    • Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract

The invention provides a systematic agricultural production system, in which materials and energy are designed to be circular. The system comprises a solid breeding area, a solid planting area and a biological pest control area. The whole planting and breeding production adopts a solid industrial modular production mode; energy needed for supplementing the temperature and solid light source of the planting area and the breeding area is provided by a biomass energy generation system and an energy supplementary system consisting of solar and wind energy. Leftover bits of the planting area are transformed into feed used in the breeding area after being treated and leftover bits of the breeding area are produced into biological mediums which are supplied to the planting area after being go through the microbial action. Carbon dioxide and oxygen generated between the breeding area and the planting area are recycled mutually and the temperature and the humidity conditions of the breeding area and the planting area are transformed mutually. The system of the invention can carry out effective combination and the reforger of an industrial chain for traditional agriculture, marine agriculture, microorganism and lower living things.

Description

Modern system agricultural industry system according to the matter and energy cyclic design
Technical field
The present invention relates to modern system agricultural production method, especially relate to the fermentation function of utilizing microorganism, with animals and plants discarded object decomposition-reduction, form new food and feed resource, according to the ecological energy-saving system agricultural industry system of matter and energy cyclic design.
Background technology
At present, China's agricultural development presents new situation, and after accession to WTO, the international environment of agricultural production changes, and the dynamics of agricultural structure adjustment is continued to increase, and agricultural industrialization process is more and more faster.Because huge change takes place in the agricultural production growth mode and the agriculture management mode transforms to the direction that adapts to condition of market economy, how to make the coordinated development of recycling economy and regional economy, specialty economies become the key of sustainable economic development, and the raising of environmental pollution that agricultural production and processing caused and food security status make the optimization task of top priority especially of agriculture production environment condition.
Because the continuous increase of population, industrial and agricultural production growing, the sustainable development of China's agricultural is being faced with unprecedented hard case, has many restraining factors, how correctly analyzing and be familiar with the factor of restriction China agricultural production development, is the prerequisite of China's agricultural sustainable development.
One, continues to carry out the objective restraining factors of conventional agriculture modernization strategy in China
New China grows up on the basis that resource " resources " approaches, ecotope is very abominable.China can not obtain the utmost point cheap oil import resources supplIes that developed country's agricultural is had in finishing conventional modernization.Because populous, per capita resources (comprising commercial energy) measure well below world average level, more can't compare with developed country, and the consequence that the modernized pattern of the developed country of daring not accept the sort of " pollute earlier, destroy, back improvement " causes is held by China.Therefore, comprise that clearly the many of environmental pollution walks the factor that conventional agriculture modernization approach forms hard constraint to China, for exploring agricultural modernization approach with Chinese characteristics, has great importance undoubtedly.
Two, the non-availability of a large amount of commodity in use energy of agricultural
The commodity that consumed of five main resources of production of agricultural (chemical fertilizer, electrofarming, agricultural machinery, fuel oil and agricultural chemicals) can be up to 1196.2 * 1012kJ in 1988, by contrast, american agriculture 2209.2 * 1012kJ (food processing transportation and sales power consumption 3535.98 * 1012kJ disregards interior) only when the power consumption level reached the highest record in history in 1970.Moreover U.S. arable area goes out about 30% than China is taller.Yet, realize that above-mentioned requirements is to lack possibility from the present situation and the medium-term and long-term prospect of China's production of energy.The long-term wretched insufficiency of the supply of agricultural fuel oil, and state revenue and expenditure also will be subsidized in a large number.
Three, the water resource poorness is a big defective of Chinese agricultural development
China's Total Water occupies the 6th in the world, average annual gross amount of water resources be 28,124 hundred million m precipitation be 62,076 hundred million m own water resource 2637m per capita, be 1/4 of world's average magnitude, occupy the 104th of the world.In 407 big and medium-sized cities, the whole nation, the lack of water city is 200, and the threat that has 4,000,000 hectares arable land and 1/3 meadow to be subjected to lack of water has 5,000 ten thousand peasants and 4,000 ten thousand livestock breedings to lack enough drinking water.Agricultural is " first rich and influential family " that China uses water resource always, accounts for about 50% of total water amount.But along with developing rapidly and the acceleration of urbanization trend of industry, agricultural is being subjected to industrial and the more and more fierce competition of people's lives water with waterborne, and the status of water " first rich and influential family " can not be kept for a long time.
Four, the pollution problem that causes of high investment and intensive management
The pollution that the conventional agriculture modernization causes indirectly mainly should be attributed to the energy that burn in a large number and cause " three wastes " problem when data is put in manufacturing into production.And the China that acts as a fuel for main dependence coal, this class problem is much national more serious than the prosperity that relies on " clean energy resource " natural gas and fuel oil.High investment and intensification refer to mainly that to the direct pollution of environment a large amount of applying pesticides, chemical fertilizer and large-scale intensive culture field drain into the ight soil in farmland, because crop can not all absorb and fail to decompose and residual agricultural chemicals and nitrate enters soil and underground water.The fifties, large quantities of intensification animal farms appear in developed country in city suburbs.Therefore produce a large amount of fecalurias and sewage, cause environment contaminated, this class problem has formed the serious threat of the soil body and drinking water source safety and has caused the uneasiness of the whole society.The suburb of Shanghai feces of livestock and poultry has been broken through 1,200 ten thousand tons, considerably beyond 663.44 ten thousand tons of 663.11 ten thousand tons of industrial residue discharge capacitys or whole city's resident living waste discharge amounts.Equally, Beijing has 1500 pig farms now, and blowdown flow rate is calculated the blowdown flow rate that just is equivalent to increase Beijing's population by BOD.A lot of to livestock and poultry fecaluria pollution of ecological environment improvement method at present.For example, fermentation and biogas production, flash baking, plastic tunnel aerobic fermentation etc.These control expenses are very big.Some improvement method also need consume a large amount of energy.Other methods can cause secondary environmental pollution again.
Five, the soil is in many-sided restrictive function
Nineteen fifty, China total cultivated area is 1.21 hundred million hectares, and 0.22 hectare per capita, nineteen ninety only has 0.96 hundred million hectare, reduces to 0.08 hectare per capita, far below world's level of 0.27 hectare per capita, is Canadian 1/47,1/9 of the former Soviet Union, 1/4 of the U.S..Its loss of 1978-1988 is ploughed 366.7 ten thousand hectares, is reducing with 36.7 ten thousand hectares speed every year on average.Did in 1991 to build to take up an area of and reach 580,000 hectares.1992 " development zone ' heat, a year loss is ploughed 153.3 ten thousand public.The reverse development (price scissors) in population and arable land, the bearing capacity that China is ploughed is absorbed in the serious crisis state
Six, the negative constraint of surplus labor and the rural area decline of labor quality of being engaged in agriculture
Investigation shows that the labour that goes out is all based on the higher between twenty and fifty labour of cultural quality, and along with the between twenty and fifty leaving the land in large quantities of rural areas enters the city, China is the appearance-individual personnel's that are engaged in agriculture tomography probably.Even later on along with the guiding of policy, many peasants of going down town return the rural area again, but because they leave scholar ground for a long time, not familiar agricultural production, its result will be as the peasant, but can not till the land.We should worry that fully between twenty and fifty peasant goes down town and done manual work, and who comes the high-tech agricultural of developing china.
Seven, agroecological environment destruction is serious day by day, and agriculture natural calamity is frequent day by day
Because China causes environmental pollution serious day by day to the leading consumption of natural resources.A whole nation year wastewater discharge is 37,000,000,000 tons, and wherein industrial wastewater accounts for 3/4, and existing 80% rivers and lakes are subjected to pollution in various degree, and the river course that has polluted reaches 4700km.Chen Ji industrial residue is 6,600,000,000 tons over the years, increases by 1 times before 10 years, piles up because of waste residue and takes up an area of 6.7 ten thousand hectares, 0.067 hundred million hectare in contaminated arable land.
Analysis by above seven aspects can find out that China's agricultural is taked traditional extensive extension enlarged reproduction mode for a long time, drops into height but effective rate of utilization is low and the cost height, and the side effect that resource and environment are produced is big.Come into the market economy and the today that is about to incorporate international big market in agricultural, this traditional growth pattern (i.e. the pattern of following conventional lines property agricultural modernization) can also should not kept down again.
China raises big country, also is feed production and consumption big country.Target in 2010 is: national manufactured feed year Straight Run production capacity reach 1.4 hundred million tons, 100,000,000 tons of manufactured feed output, 5,000,000 tons of concentrate feeds, 2,000,000 tons of additive premixs, feed addictive are realized production domesticization substantially.The outlet of Future in China feed production, general situation are that concentrated feed, green feed and producting stalk fodder three are organically combined, and wherein, concentrated feed will be in the critical shortage state always.Because the import high-quality fish meal holds at high price, make the production cost of feedstuff industry be difficult to reduce, should actively seek the alternative materials of fish meal at present, reduce production costs.
China is large agricultural country, produce various crop stalks every year, seedling is climing reaches 10.9 hundred million tons, draught animal is raised underconsumption 20%, less than 10% as the bavin burning, all the other are all burned then and there or pile up nature for a long time rots, both caused the wasting of resources, and hindered traffic again, stop the river course, contaminated environment.Utilizing and transform these organic wastes, and make it to produce certain economic benefits, is one of focus of governments at all levels, also is earnestly looking forward to of vast farmers.
With benign cycle economy is guidance, is developing goal to promote modern agriculture, realizes the benign development of agricultural economy, solves the surplus labor in rural area, improves the added value of agricultural products, the environmental structure in improvement rural area.The discarded object of crops is converted into useful products, remedies the negative effect that conventional feed production brings.With new product native soil also, fundamentally change soil structure simultaneously, make crops become environmental protection food, drive the task of top priority that related industry turns present agricultural production into.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to set up a kind of advanced Agricultural recycling economy production model based on ecological principle, make each link that economic product is provided in the agricultural resources system assist the utilization " raw material " that the non-economy product that produces all becomes next link, form range size difference, the different recycling approach of level height, obtain the economic product that meets human interests requirement to greatest extent.
Another object of the present invention is to get rid of the maximizing the benefits and harmful minimized target that " environmental pollution " that " discarded object " in the agricultural production caused reaches agricultural production.
Another object of the present invention is to propose the plantation cultivation base and the method for the agricultural of the recycling three-dimensional intensification in a kind of water source, the energy, and is energy-conservation to reach comprehensive water-saving, efficient, makes the industry sustainable development.
In order to realize purpose of the present invention, a kind of system agricultural industry system of matter and energy cyclic design is proposed, this system comprises three-dimensional culture district and solid growth district and biological control district, and whole plantation and breeding production adopt the industrial modularization production model of three-dimensional; The power replenishing system that the additional required energy of the temperature of growing area and culture zone and three-dimensional light source is made up of biomass energy production system and solar wind-energy provides; The offcuts of growing area are converted into the feed that use the culture zone through handling; The offcuts of culture zone are made biological medium and are offered growing area through microbial action; Carbonic acid gas that produces between culture zone and the growing area and the utilization of oxygen mutual circulation; The temperature and humidity condition of culture zone and growing area is changed mutually.
The recycling of carbonic acid gas and oxygen is to realize by oxygen and carbonic acid gas regulator control system between described culture zone and the growing area; To change mutually be to utilize above-mentioned oxygen and carbonic acid gas regulator control system and adopt the breeding district temperature of heat pump techniques, humidity exchange system to realize to the temperature and humidity condition between described culture zone and the growing area.
The power replenishing system of described growing area and culture zone comprises power unit, control section and appliance applications part, wherein, described power unit adopts solar panels, wind-power electricity generation, geothermal energy resources, the combination of marsh gas power generation, and network source is used as emergency power supply; Described control section is made up of wind power generation plant, wind-power electricity generation controller, accumulator, inverter and intelligent master controller and servo segment, the various energy is changed into the various specific (special) requirements of each electrical appliance in needed voltage of electrical appliance and the use; Appliance applications partly comprises light filling system, LED Lighting Control Assembly, and various household electrical appliance use; Electric energy more than needed stores by energy accumulator, uses for output or air-conditioning system.
Described light filling system comprises the power supply conversion portion, control section and light-emitting device, wherein, described power supply conversion portion output 36V voltage; Described light-emitting device has many row LED luminous tubes; Described control section, constitute by single-chip microcomputer and the manual keyboard of microcomputer, the input in microcomputer controlled electro source, information show and the break-make of multichannel output control multiplex output circuit cooperates with single board computer, form the light-pulse generator of adjustable voltage or turnable pulse width, and total light intensity of controlling described light-emitting device automatically changes and the photoperiod, the beam intensity ratio of all kinds that manual Keyboard Control is arranged the LED luminous tube more, solar simulated changes.
Light-emitting device in the described light filling system comprises flat light source structure and tubular light source structure, respectively as the marine microalgae that is applied to culture zone and growing area culture, nurse young plants in hothouses, the light-source structure of tissue culture and green house of vegetables light filling.
Described tubular light source structure adopts φ 5mm, and the turquoise purple LED luminous tube of the blood orange of luminous angle about the 90-120 degree is fixed on that cube is soft to be with, again by high transparent PVC material seal, the unit joint of forming a regular length uses the irradiation at short distance that is used to nurse young plants in hothouses but more piece is in parallel during use.
Described tubular light source structure adopts cylindrical, and along arranging on a plurality of directions, wherein the purple light intensity of all kinds of RGB compares the LED luminous tube: 2: 1: 5 on the face of cylinder: 3, and this tubular light source inserts marine microalgae Cultivation container light source as a supplement.
Described tubular light source structure adopts columniform soft band light source, the strength ratio of the red indigo plant in the wide-angle red and blue LED array 10: 1, light intensity is controlled near saturation point, and light source is about 10cm apart from the vertical range of crop, photoperiod takes to be interrupted round the clock light filling, is used for the light filling of green house of vegetables.
Described flat light source structure adopts φ 5mm, the panel light source is formed at red, orange, green, blue, the purple LED luminous tube of 60-100 degree in luminous angle, on described panel light source, each one of the LED of five kinds of colors forms a light image vegetarian refreshments, a plurality of pixels are pressed matrix and are arranged, the LED of each color connects separately, and inserts the DC voltage of 36V, is used for the tissue culture light-source structure and uses.
The described tissue culture that is used for is 10: 5: 1 with the turquoise purple of the blood orange of growing seedlings light intensity ratio of all kinds: 3: 2; Being used for the blue light intensity ratio of all kinds of green house of vegetables blood orange is 6: 3: 10; Wherein, selecting LED wave-length coverage of all kinds is ruddiness 630-660nm; Orange light 590-630nm; Green glow 500-530nm; Blue light 430-470nm; Purple light 380-430nm.
Air inlet pipe, top that described breeding district temperature, humidity exchange system and oxygen and carbonic acid gas regulator control system are included in the bottom setting of culture zone and growing area are provided with blast pipe; The air inlet pipe of described culture zone and the blast pipe of growing area, the air inlet pipe of growing area intersect by the blower fan air pump respectively with the blast pipe of culture zone and link to each other, and make the CO of culture zone 2Enter growing area, the O of growing area 2Enter the culture zone, when carrying out gas exchange, produce the exchange of temperature humidity.
Described culture zone comprises three-dimensional culture, solar energy, biomass energy Trinity complementary system; Wherein, arrange from top to bottom in the hen house in three-dimensional culture district, pig house and insect workshop, and with top, its floor height should be not less than 3.5m on ground for hen house and pig house; Below ground partly is provided with sewage-treatment plant, insect workshop, biogas generating pit, and floor height is not less than 2m; The roof is provided with louver(-vre), and the front is equipped with solar heat-collection plate to male portion.Positive vent window, the solar airconditioning installed in house; Recycle circuit: chicken manure feeds pigs behind microbial fermentation and warms oneself, and pig manure advances the dried fermentation methane production of biogas generating pit heating illumination, and urine and brush ground sewage advance apparatus for treating sewage and produces reusable edible behind the biogas, flushing pig house; Winter starting solar heat-collection plate, solar airconditioning be as not enough the replenishing of biogas heating, starts the solar airconditioning cooling summer, the room lid adds thermal insulation board, guarantees 23 ℃ of underground cultured insect workshop temperature, positive and negatively is no more than 2 ℃.
Described growing area adopts the multilayer supporting structure, and the lamp bracket of the LED luminous tube of described light compensating apparatus, the blast pipe and the filling pipe of gas exchange system are installed on each layer framework; The plant growing pallet successively inserts described multilayer support, forms intensive relatively culture zone, is convenient to the condition of control growing, reaches intensification and produces.
Offcuts during the plant in described two breeding districts is cultured are converted into feed, and the offcuts of animal-breeding are converted into medium, the objective microbe preparation that the microorganism of using is made as the high-purity bacterial classification.
The objective microbe preparation that described high-purity bacterial classification is made comprises aqua and the pulvis that is used for the chicken pig, is used for aqua and the pulvis of cattle and sheep, is used for aqua and pulvis that the fishes and shrimps aquatic products is used; The aqua that is used for straw pavilion fermentation usefulness is used for the muck leavening aqua of muck fermentation usefulness.
It is the straw powder that described offcuts during plant is cultured are converted into raw material and the proportioning that feed adopts: leavening: brown sugar: water is 500: 1: 1: 35-40; Raw material is mixed to be mixed thoroughly, and the most handy sprayer spray is even, seals anaerobic fermentation then, in 7-10 days summer, in 2 weeks of winter, is used for the yellow mealworm fermented forage.
It is 100 jin of straw pavilion powder that described offcuts during plant is cultured are converted into the composition of raw materials that feed adopts, 100 jin of dried corn stalks, 2 liang of objective microbe bacterium liquid, 2 liang of brown sugar and 35-40 jin water; Its manufacture craft:
1) earlier with about 40 ℃, the brown sugar that does not surpass 50 ℃ dissolves, and adds bacterium liquid mixing, adds 35 jin of left and right sides water mixing more again;
2) be sprayed onto uniformly in 100 jin of straw powder compounds with watering can;
3) twist and turn round if drip as grasping the good material of spray, then water content is many, should add the siccative modulation, if hold agglomeratingly, loosing at a touch is that moisture is an amount of;
4) will accompany the even raw material of good spray to install in the container, limit rim compacting is filled the back and is sealed with Polypropylence Sheet, and anaerobic fermentation fermented 3 days summer, and ferment winter is used for the fermented forage of livestock and poultry cultivation in 1 week.
Use the compound target microorganism in the objective microbe production technology process in the straw recycling treatment system,, behind the liquid fermentation, it is adsorbed in solid,, use the heated-air drying packing of 50-60 degree through solid fermentation through the liquid culture expanding species.
The flow process of described production medium includes the conventional preliminary treatment of organic waste, adds microbial inoculum and corresponding auxiliary material afterwards and mixes stirring, carries out aerobic fermentation, and the tail gas of generation feeds the filter tank after collecting, be used for the stirring of raw material; Raw material after the fermentation is through after crushing and screening, and wherein a part is back to pretreatment unit and raw material mixing, helps fermentation.
Described in the flow process of producing medium, set up specificity microorganism bacterial strain system and remove poisonous and harmful organic pollutant in the composting process; At organic pollutant content height in the present composting material, select strong toxicity, the screening of persistent organic pollutants kind, domestication specificity microorganism bacterial strain, make up specificity microorganism bacterial strain system.
Described three dimensional-planting-breeding district biomass energy production system is included in positive airway pressure pipe and the negative pressure ventilation pipe that is inserted with in the windrow fermentation reactor, the positive airway pressure pipe feeds fresh air by air feed system from the outside, and the gas discharge that the negative pressure ventilation pipe utilizes the tail gas exhaust system to react and produces enters the filter tank.Produce heat in the course of reaction, adopt the heat pipe superconductor technology, heat is sent to the breeding district, provide thermal source to mending warm system.
System agricultural industry system of the present invention utilizes the powerful fermentation function of microorganism, and it is that the feed and the medium of various useful insects of representative enters detritus food chain that agricultural crop straw, weeds, human and animal excreta, house refuse the like waste are converted into the yellow mealworm.Utilize insect happiness food detritus and produce a large amount of high protein and offcuts product, the natural law that turns waste into wealth, be that plant (agricultural) is the producer, the animal (livestock and poultry) and the mankind are consumers, microorganism is animal and plant discarded object decomposition-reduction person, and the carrying out of this food chain effectively designed and develop, and it will open up the food and the feed resource of a new cheapness for the mankind, to solve people and animals substantially and strive grain, land conflict problem, solve environmental pollution and food-safety problem substantially.This pattern is as in national Successful Practice, and its economy, society, ecological benefits are with inestimable.
Utilize the luminous energy control system can reach good economic indicator, as for fruit, melon, leaf vegetables: (do not use LED plant ecological light source system) mutually with common plantation, yield of vegetables improves 20-50%. dissolubility total reducing sugar amount and vitamin C increases by 10 1 20%, crude protein increase 20-30%;
Advanced Agricultural recycling economy theory surmounting to the traditional farming technology, show system integration soil on the one hand to original technology, use big system engineering, original agriculture production technology all is assembled in the system organization of an integrated modular, carries out synthetic innovation from omnibearing value theories of multi-angle such as energy-conservation, economic, ecological, circulation, security of system, market, industry, resources effective utilizations.Advanced agricultural innovation engineering is according to ecological law and principle, and utilization biotechnology, information space pattern and creative industry means, to traditional farming, ocean agricultural and microorganism with unicellular lower eukaryote effectively makes up and industrial chain is reproduced, it is innovation theory, innovative technology, innovation mode, innovation structure, the overall application of innovation industry in advanced Agro-ecology Recycling Economy System.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the system schematic of three dimensional-planting-breeding circulation industrial chain of the present invention;
Fig. 2 a is wind energy of the present invention and photoelectric intelligent control system;
Fig. 2 b is light intensity and the photoperiod regulating system in the light filling of the present invention system;
Fig. 2 c-2f is the light-source structure schematic diagram in the light filling of the present invention system
Fig. 3 be three dimensional-planting-breeding of the present invention district temperature humidity exchange and oxygen the schematic diagram of carbonic acid gas regulator control system;
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of an embodiment of three-dimensional culture system of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the objective microbe production procedure in the stalk resource treatment system of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is biological medium production procedure of the present invention;
Fig. 7 is that three dimensional-planting-breeding of the present invention district material can production system.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing technical scheme of the present invention is described in detail, Fig. 1 is the system schematic of three dimensional-planting-breeding circulation industrial chain of the present invention; As shown in the figure, whole system mainly comprises the little algae cultivation region of seawater, three-dimensional culture district and solid growth district.The additional required energy of 3 system temperatures and light source utilizes system to provide by biomass energy production system and solar wind-energy.The little algae cultivation region of seawater is produced specific feed, supports and grows usefulness; The offcuts in the offcuts in three-dimensional culture district and solid growth district can utilize mutually, for example, utilize the powerful fermentation function of microorganism, it is that the feed and the medium of various useful insects of representative enters detritus food chain that agricultural crop straw, weeds, human and animal excreta, house refuse the like waste are converted into the yellow mealworm, the bright polypide of yellow mealworm can be processed into fresh protein feed and emerging energy feed, in order to the development aquaculture; The offcuts of culture zone can also pass through microbial action, make plant culture and offer growing area, and the insect happiness is eaten detritus and is produced a large amount of high protein and the characteristics that the offcuts product is turned waste into wealth, meeting plant (agricultural) is the producer, the animal (livestock and poultry) and the mankind are consumers, and microorganism is animals and plants discarded object decomposition-reduction person's the natural law.
Carbonic acid gas that produces between culture zone and the growing area and oxygen can the mutual circulation utilizations, accomplish zero-emission, optimize atmospheric environment; Simultaneously, utilize heat pump techniques and gas exchange device, the temperature and humidity condition of 3 culture zones of control reduces the energy and the moisture that are consumed, reduces toxic emission, and is environmental, reduces cost.
Whole plantation and breeding production adopt the industrial production pattern of three-dimensional, make full use of the space, for the urbanization Agricultural Development provides possibility.
Production system, biomass energy production system and solar wind-energy that above-mentioned production model relates to recycling organic waste treatment system, stalk resource system, objective microbe production system, biological medium production system, little algae utilize supporting application technology systems such as system, and above-mentioned technology is organically comprehensive, form the circulation industrial chain of system of the present invention agricultural three dimensional-planting-breeding base production and operation pattern.
Ecological energy system of the present invention, the needs of the energy, particularly light filling that provides the animal and plant of 3 culture zones to grow to need, generally culture needed smooth key element and be: light intensity, spectrum constitute and the photoperiod.Spectrum under the nature is changeless often, can not satisfy different biological in the specific needs of different times to spectrum.For example, some marine algas need be according to special wavelength configuration blue light, ruddiness at night.Biology all needed same light not a single day in 24 hours.Such as, it is biological that what need in the length of one's sleep is sleep light.
The artificial light source of using in animal and plant growth at present has fluorescent lamp, high pressure uranium lamp, metal halide lamp etc., and these light source applications exist shortcoming in plant growing: one, spectrum are the wire spectral line substantially, and undesirable with the moving photosynthetic absorption spectrum coupling of plant.Can by plant absorbing be the light of indivedual wave bands, the light of its all band all is wasted, not energy-conservation.They are two years old, because power consumption such as incandescent lamp bulb, fluorescent tube, uranium lamp are bigger, produce a lot of thermal radiation simultaneously, can not be to the animals and plants irradiation at short distance, not high to animal and plant growth light stimulus efficient, increased the artificial lighting cost greatly, thereby in and the test of carpenter's climatic chamber native, using to some extent, in agricultural production, be not used widely at the flower planting of some high added values.
Intelligent ecological light-source system of the present invention can satisfy biology most effectively and constitute and photoperiodic needs for light intensity, spectrum in process of growth.This system can according to different biological in one day the needs of different periods, and the needs of different vegetative stages, the light source of on-demand customization the best.According in one day 24 hours biological constitute for light intensity, spectrum with photoperiodic different demands light intensity, spectrum are adjusted to proper state.This has just farthest been avoided rain or shine changing the influence for biological growth.
Intelligent ecological light-source system of the present invention adopts multiple specific monochromatic LED integrated optical source, has following advantage: 1. the spectrum of led light source can with photosynthesis of plant absorption spectra optimum Match; 2. the light intensity of led light source, photoperiod can be controlled automatically; 3. led light source, have advantages such as energy-saving and environmental protection and anti-vibration.Under same brightness, led light source, power consumption be approximately incandescent lamp 1/10th, fluorescent lamp 1/2nd, can be used for large-scale industrialized plant and culture.
The emission spectra of LED is the band spectrum with certain bandwidth, and wave spectrum is abundant, can accept artificial intelligent control.Led light source is waterproof and dampproof, suitable plant growth environment; It is little to generate heat, suitable irradiation at short distance; Dc low-voltage is safer: energy-efficient, light environmental protection.Turquoise purple LED is combined into light source with blood orange, can carry out the wavelength of spectrum and the allotment of light intensity. make it to satisfy more the growth demand of crops and little algae.Can improve its output, improve the quality energy savings.
The intelligent dimming spectral technique that LED emission spectra and chlorophyll, carotenoid, phycobilin absorption spectra are complementary is to the scientific matching of inhomogeneous plant spectral wavelength and light intensity.
The irradiation at short distance seedling is adopted special φ 5mmLED, the turquoise purple LED of the blood orange of luminous angle about the 90-120 degree, and the soft band light source of the side's of composition body, again by high transparent PVC material seal, regular length is a unit joint, uses but more piece is in parallel during use.
The concrete structure of ecological energy system of the present invention is shown in Fig. 2 a to Fig. 2 f.
Fig. 2 a is wind energy of the present invention, photoelectric intelligent control system; As shown in the figure, whole system comprises power unit, control section and appliance applications part.Wherein, power unit adopts various energy resources, includes solar panels, wind-power electricity generation etc., and the inexpensive clean energy combinations such as geothermal energy resources, biogas of can also suiting measures to local conditions to adopt, and network source is used as emergency power supply.The control section of being made up of wind-power electricity generation controller, accumulator, inverter and intelligent master controller becomes the various energy the various specific (special) requirements of each electrical appliance in needed voltage of electrical appliance and the use.The appliance applications part mainly offers the light filling system, secondly also comprises the LED Lighting Control Assembly, various household electrical appliance, and electric energy more than needed stores by energy accumulator, uses for output or air-conditioning system.
Fig. 2 b is a light filling of the present invention system; Comprise the adjusting of light intensity and photoperiod, electric energy can be from civil power or solar cell, through being converted to the power supply of 12V, control section adopts singlechip technology, the input of Single-chip Controlling control power supply, information demonstration etc., the break-make of Single-chip Controlling 5 channel power multiplex output circuits forms the light-pulse generator of turnable pulse width, and controls total light intensity variation and photoperiod automatically, by the manual beam intensity ratio of all kinds of keyboard, solar simulated changes.
Shown in Fig. 2 c-Fig. 2 f is the schematic diagram of light-source structure in the light filling system 4, comprises flat light source structure and tubular structure, is applied to respectively that marine microalgae is cultured, nursed young plants in hothouses, the light-source structure of tissue culture and green house of vegetables light filling.
Shown in Fig. 2 c, marine microalgae is cultured and is adopted columniform tubular light source, and along arranging on a plurality of directions, wherein the purple light intensity of all kinds of RGB compares the LED luminous tube: 2: 1: 5: 3 on the face of cylinder, this tubular light source inserts marine microalgae Cultivation container, light source as a supplement.
Tissue culture is 10: 5: 1 with the turquoise purple of the blood orange of growing seedlings light intensity ratio of all kinds: 3: 2, the blue light intensity ratio of all kinds of green house of vegetables blood orange was 6: 3: 10.Wherein, optional LED wave-length coverage of all kinds is ruddiness 630-660nm; Orange light 590-630nm; Green glow 500-530nm; Blue light 430-470nm; Purple light 380-430nm.
The seedling light filling needs irradiation at short distance, in the light-source structure shown in Fig. 2 d, adopt special φ 5mm, the turquoise purple LED of the blood orange of luminous angle about the 90-120 degree, the soft band light source of the side's of composition body, again by high transparent PVC material seal, the unit joint of forming regular length, more piece is in parallel as required during use uses.
Tissue culture light-source structure shown in Fig. 2 e adopts special φ 5mm, luminous angle is at the 60-90 degree, red, orange, green, blue, purple LED forms the panel light source, form a light image vegetarian refreshments by each one of multicolored LED, a plurality of pixels rearrange the panel light source by matrix, the LED of each color connection in series-parallel separately, and the DC voltage of access 12V or 36V.
The columniform soft band light-source system of the green house of vegetables wide-angle red and blue LED array shown in Fig. 2 f, the strength ratio of its red indigo plant 10: 1, light intensity are controlled near saturation point, and the vertical range of light source office crop is about 10cm, and the photoperiod takes to be interrupted night light filling.
The present invention introduces artificial intelligence in biological ecological relationship with atmospheric environment.Make up the environment optimization system of artificial intelligence and automatic control temp. and humidity, make the biological growth and development environment remain optimum, the artificial controlled agricultural environment of trend.
Oxygen and carbonic acid gas regulator control system utilize aquaculture to absorb oxygen and emit carbonic acid gas, and the plant husbandry absorbing carbon dioxide is emitted the circulation of oxygen and realized;
Heat pump techniques control temperature, wet condition, make up plant husbandry and aquaculture engineering cogeneration system, optimized biological atmospheric environment, owing to exchanging to circulate in system, solves matter energy simultaneously, can reduce energy that adjusting consumed and moisture that cross-ventilation causes environment temperature, wet condition to greatest extent, greatly reduced the energy and agricultural water, reduced production costs.
Fig. 3 be three dimensional-planting-breeding district temperature the schematic diagram of humidity exchange system and oxygen and carbonic acid gas regulator control system.The bottom of culture zone and growing area is provided with air inlet pipe, and the top is provided with blast pipe.The air inlet pipe of culture zone and growing area is intersected with the blast pipe of growing area and culture zone by air pump respectively and is linked to each other, and makes the CO of culture zone 2Enter growing area, the O of growing area 2With enter the culture zone, when carrying out gas exchange, also produce the exchange of temperature humidity.Bury heat pipe underground between two culture zones, equally also reach the purpose of temperature exchange.
The offcuts of culture zone and growing area transform by microbial technique respectively, respectively as the biological medium of growing area or the fresh feed of fertilizer and culture zone.Reach the circulation of material, reach zero-emission substantially.
Culture zone of the present invention and growing area adopt three-dimensional mode of arranging, and Fig. 4 is an embodiment of three-dimensional culture architecture of the present invention; This system is three-dimensional culture, solar energy, biogas can Trinity complementary system.Arrange from top to bottom in hen house pig house insect workshop.Ground is hen house and pig house with top, and its floor height should be not less than 3.5m.Below ground partly is not less than 2m, and equipment such as sewage-treatment plant, insect workshop, biogas generating pit are set.The roof is provided with louver(-vre), and the front is equipped with solar heat-collection plate to male portion.Positive vent window, the solar airconditioning installed in house.1. recycle circuit: chicken manure feeds pigs behind microbial fermentation and warms oneself, and pig manure advances the dried fermentation methane production heating of biogas generating pit illumination, after urine and brush ground sewage advance apparatus for treating sewage and produce biogas, and water reusable edible, flushing pig house.Winter starting solar heat-collection plate, solar airconditioning be as not enough the replenishing of biogas heating, starts the solar airconditioning cooling summer, the room lid adds thermal insulation board.50 square meter biogas generating pit and apparatus for treating sewage are guaranteed in underground breed workshop, and area occupied is for culturing the workshop real area.Underground cultured insect workshop temperature guarantees about 25 ℃, positive and negatively is no more than 2 ℃.The solid growth district adopts the multilayer supporting structure, the lamp bracket of the LED luminous tube of light compensating apparatus, the blast pipe of gas exchange system and filling pipe are fixed on each layer framework, the plant growing pallet successively inserts support, form intensive relatively culture zone, be convenient to the condition of control growing, reach intensification and produce, save the purpose of land used.This compact conformation, the space utilization factor height, in the space utilization from one deck spatial development to the multilayer space.
The ecological agriculture be unable to do without biotechnology, be unable to do without the participation of microorganism, beneficial microbe such as lactic acid bacteria, saccharomycete, photosynthetic bacteria, bud are embraced bacterium, actinomycetes, filamentous fungi etc., only make good use of microorganism, agricultural just can reach the ecological balance, it is safe, green that ecology just can reach, and just can reach benign cycle, benefit and just can reach maximization.
The microorganism formulation that the beneficial microbe that the present invention uses has high-purity patent bacterial classification to make for example, has add happy (aqua, the pulvis) that the chicken pig uses by microbiologist doctor Ding Zhichui of academy of agricultural sciences development and the product produced; The anti-fish spirit (aqua, pulvis) that cattle and sheep are used; The aquatic products treasured (powder) that the fishes and shrimps aquatic products is used; Little storage spirit (aqua) of straw pavilion fermentation usefulness; The muck leavening (aqua) of muck fermentation usefulness and the plant that plant is used No. one etc.With the offcuts in the breed of the plant in two breeding systems, as stalk, dish leaf etc. is converted into feed; The offcuts of animal-breeding are converted into medium as ight soil etc. by microbial action.
The method that the offcuts of the present invention in plant is cultured are converted into feed comprises following production program:
1. the making of yellow mealworm fermented forage
The raw material and the proportioning that adopt are straw pavilion powder: leavening (little storage spirit): brown sugar: water is 500: 1: 1: 35-40 (looking humidity)
Raw material is mixed to be mixed thoroughly, and (the most handy sprayer spray is even) seals anaerobic fermentation, 7-10 days summer, straw pavilion powder after (temperature is more than 30 ℃) ferment about 2 weeks of winter has wine flavour, and sponginess, as feeding green vegetable leaf or green grass pericarp etc., available 1000 times bacterium liquid directly sprays evenly, but does not drip for good with holding, and holds agglomerating not dripping and can feed as finding that the available for a long time siccative of water is accompanied.Feed yellow mealworm with fermentative feedstuff of microbe, insect long fast, individual big, lethality is few, output can improve more than 30%.
2. 500 times of fermented forage preparation methods of ecological livestock and poultry cultivation
Raw material: the corn stalk pavilion powder of cleaning (blackout of not going mouldy), green source bacterium liquid, brown sugar, the water of reaching.
Container: cylinder, have the container of plastic envelope all can (will clean up).
Make raw material: with 100 jin of straw pavilion powder is example, does 100 jin of green 2 liang of water 35-40 of 2 liang of brown sugar of source bacterium liquid jin that reach of corn stalk pavilion
Manufacture craft:
1) earlier about 40 ℃ (must not above 50 ℃) brown sugar are dissolved: adding bacterium liquid mixing adds 35 jin of left and right sides water mixing more again:
2) be sprayed onto uniformly in 100 jin of straw pavilion powder compounds with watering can:
3) how many detection methods of moisture: grasp the good material of spray and twist and turns round if drip, then water content is many, should add the siccative modulation, if hold agglomeratingly, loosing at a touch is that moisture is an amount of.
4) will accompany the even raw material of good spray to install in the container, limit rim compacting is real more good more.Fill the back and seal anaerobic fermentation with Polypropylence Sheet.Fermented summer 3 days: ferment winter in 1 week.It is sour-sweet strong and wine flavour arranged to send out good feed.
The production of bacteria agent and medium is the important step that transforms the offcuts of culture zone generation, the microbiological culture media product has unique function, can make and assist crop to absorb nutrition, promote soil fertility, strengthen plant disease-resistant and drought-resistant ability, reduce and alleviate phytopathy (worm) evil, produce several physiological active substances stimulation and regulation and control plant growth, improve chemical fertilizer utilization ratio, reducing chemical fertilizer uses, promote becoming thoroughly decomposed and develop of agricultural waste material and municipal refuse, play the purification and the repair of soil environment, raising crop products quality and food security.
The type of feed of making microbiological culture media can be divided into major ingredient and auxiliary material as dividing by usage amount:
1. major ingredient, this class raw material accounts for 30 ~ 80% of material ratio usually, is made of one or more raw materials, and major ingredient commonly used has organic wastes such as feces of livestock and poultry.
2. auxiliary material.Mainly be some raw materials that are used for regulating material moisture, C/N, C/P, pH, permeability, be made up of one or more raw materials that this class raw material accounts for whole material's proportion and is no more than 40% usually, single material proportion is no more than 20%.Auxiliary material commonly used has straw powder, powdered rice hulls, rice chaff, wheat bran, grouts, the peat composed of rotten mosses, mushroom residue, flyash, quicklime, superphosphate, rock phosphate etc.
As press feedstock property and divide, can be divided into carbon raw, nitrogen raw material and conditioner class raw material:
1. carbon raw refers to the raw material that organic carbon content is high, and this class raw material can be used as the major ingredient of compost, as the straw in the straw compost, but majority is as auxiliary material, is used for regulating the gas permeability of moisture, C/N and enhancing material, as straw powder, powdered rice hulls, rice chaff, the peat composed of rotten mosses, mushroom residue, flyash etc.
2. nitrogen raw material.Typically refer to C/N at the raw material below 30, and many major ingredients as compost, as feces of livestock and poultry, municipal sludge, sugarcane filter mud etc., also there are some to do the high-nitrogen stock that auxiliary material is used for regulating C/N, as grouts, fish meal, meat and bone meal, urea etc.
3. conditioner class raw material.Mainly refer to be used for regulating the raw material of pH value, as quicklime, gypsum and diluted acid etc., the raw material that also will regulate C/P sometimes is classified as conditioner.
The kind of common microorganism: preparations such as rhizobium, azotobacter, bacillus, silicate bacterium, photosynthetic bacteria, cellulose decomposition bacteria, lactic acid bacteria, saccharomycete, actinomycetes and fungi are arranged.
Can be divided into biological culture base products such as fixed nitrogen class, molten Phosphorus, organic material composting class by the mechanism of action.
The bacterial classification that uses has the Japanese Ryukyu of EM bacterium university usually than the good husband of photograph development, and kind of a microorganism is composited surplus 10 genus 80 such as photosynthetic bacteria, actinomycetes, saccharomycete, lactic acid bacteria.As Inoculant, feed addictive, water purification agent, deodorant.
The development of this Industrial Co., Ltd of the ferment bacterium BYM day island proper is that some can produce the flora that the various aerobic beneficial microbes that add the water decomposition enzyme are formed in a large number, mainly contains more than 20 bacterial strain such as saccharomycete, mold fungi and forms.
Objective microbe production technology process in the stalk resource treatment system uses above-mentioned mixed bacteria as shown in Figure 5, through the liquid culture expanding species, behind the liquid fermentation, it is adsorbed in solid, through solid fermentation, uses the heated-air drying packing of 50-60 degree.
The flow process of producing medium as shown in Figure 6, debirs after the preliminary treatment, add above-mentioned microbial inoculum and corresponding auxiliary material routinely.Mix and stir, carry out aerobic fermentation, the tail gas gold of generation is collected the back and is fed the filter tank, is used for the stirring of raw material.Compost after the fermentation is back to pretreatment unit and raw material mixing through after crushing and screening with the anti-material of a part, helps fermentation.
In whole technical process, set up specificity microorganism bacterial strain system, remove poisonous and harmful organic pollutant in the composting process.
At organic pollutant (as agricultural chemicals) content height in the present composting material (comprising stalk and feces of livestock and poultry), select strong toxicity, the screening of persistent organic pollutants kind, domestication specificity microorganism bacterial strain, make up specificity microorganism bacterial strain system.
Because all there is relative independence in each system on time and space, whether biological medium materialization system improves the organic linking that depends between system.In the layout designs, usually by building connect, equipment connects to be connected with technology each system combination become an organic whole.As in same building thing or workshop, dividing different functional areas, perhaps realize that by transmission equipment material shifts, and perhaps realizes material displacement etc. by turning equipment between Bi Lin building.
Fig. 7 is that three dimensional-planting-breeding of the present invention district material can production system.As shown in Figure 7, be inserted with positive airway pressure pipe and negative pressure ventilation pipe in the windrow fermentation reactor, the positive airway pressure pipe feeds fresh air by air feed system from the outside, and the gas discharge that the negative pressure ventilation pipe utilizes the tail gas exhaust system to react and produces enters the filter tank.Produce heat in the course of reaction, the temperature in the windrow is improved, the present invention adopts the hot pin superconductor technology, and heat is sent to the breeding district, provides thermal source to mending warm system.
The present invention is converted into fertilizer and feed with excreta of culturing and the straw and the various debirs of planting generation by said method, be used for yellow mealworm, locust, silkworm chrysalis breed, processing, brought into play important function for the chain building that solves industries such as rural ecological environment and organic waste conversion.Insect food is simple, and breeding is fast, and quantity is big, belongs to the sustainable use resource.Scientific research and trophic analysis show, the protein content of most of insect accounts for more than 40% of dry weight, that have in addition near or surpass the content of high-quality fish meal, and various nutritions and biological growth and development trace elements necessary and vitamin are also relatively comprehensively, potentiality to be exploited is big, be incomparable with additive method production animal protein, therefore in a planned way developing the insect protein resource is the effective way that solves animal protein feed.Raise livestock and poultry as insects such as fly maggot, yellow mealworm, locust, silkworm chrysalis, mole cricket, cicada as high-quality protein feed and generally acknowledged by common people, many scientific workers are the main direction of artificial feeding insect as solution animal protein source.Wherein, especially yellow mealworm as an important ring of endless-chain of the present invention, have the good reputation of animal protein feed, by batch production production, can provide a large amount of high-quality animal proteins, promotes the development of aquaculture.Yellow mealworm polypide crude protein content reaches 56.58%, and fat content reaches 28.20%-34.47%; Degreasing is carried oil back crude protein content and is reached 69.39%-70.66%, and per 100 gram yellow mealworms contain vitamin B2 0.52mg, vitamin E 0.44mg, iron 6.5mg, zinc 12.2mg, selenium 46.2mg.Not only can substitute the import high-quality fish meal, and edible fully.Importantly also contain unique chitin composition, contain a kind of special antibiotic substance.Of many uses, irreplaceable effect is played in fields such as papermaking, printing and dyeing, food, medical science.
Yellow mealworm is the animal fat resource of lower cholesterol content, also be the edible oil resource of high-quality. oneself is used to prepare the distant medicine that reduces blood cholesterol levels abroad, butterine, lubricating oil, cutting oil, flushing oil, drying oil, dark substitute, king's diacid and surfactant intermediate etc., domestic also oneself uses it for soapmaking, turkey red oil and plasticizer.
The yellow mealworm live body can be fed the high animal of economic worth with yellow mealworm. as rare bird, view and admire class and snake, soft-shelled turtle, batrachia, chicken and duck, goose or the like, hello the chicken feed of making feed addictive with yellow mealworm is alleviated the short contradiction of China's animal protein feed in order to substitute fish meal, the meat and bone meal of import.
The worm excrement sand that yellow mealworm drains, its application prospect is also considerable, worm excrement sand contains crude protein 24.86%, and is nitrogenous 3.37%, phosphorus 1.04%, what 1.4%, and contain diction, canopy, hammer, iron, marquis, calcium, seven kinds of trace elements of copper, be the biological organic fertilizer of high-quality.
Three dimensional-planting-breeding circulation industrial chain of the present invention makes up ecological agriculture industry cluster benign cycle chain project to meet ecological agriculture industry cluster benign cycle theory according to specific production purpose in implementation process, and the test garden show and commercial application, set up efficient ecological breeding process systems, improve the level of production.
The environmental resource amount of the integrated at first definite ecological agriculture industry cluster benign cycle chain of the technology of the present invention project construction and prior art system make it to set up its stable balance then to this change amount, and making becomes between each key element more coordinates.And this work will be eternal, Gu will inevitably break original balance for local technological improvement, ecological agriculture industry cluster benign cycle chain project construction key technology is integrated then to be when the production technology key element is not in tune, rebuilds new balance.
The importing of project system of the invention process changes the original environmental background of producing with integral body, make its ecologic structure and relation that corresponding variation take place, under project construction key technology condition, make its ecosystem reach balance, guarantee that the project construction can be adapted to the harmony between resource one environment, make the supporting of its ratio between the different facility kinds that modern agricultural technology shows and effectively be connected, take into account so that reach reaching aspect biological effect and production cost and the benefit three.

Claims (21)

1. the system agricultural industry system of a matter and energy cyclic design is characterized in that, this system comprises three-dimensional culture district and solid growth district and biological control district, and whole plantation and breeding production adopt the industrial modularization production model of three-dimensional; The power replenishing system that the additional required energy of the temperature of growing area and culture zone and three-dimensional light source is made up of biomass energy production system and solar wind-energy provides; The offcuts of growing area are converted into the feed that use the culture zone through handling; The offcuts of culture zone are made biological medium and are offered growing area through microbial action; Carbonic acid gas that produces between culture zone and the growing area and the utilization of oxygen mutual circulation; The temperature and humidity condition of culture zone and growing area is changed mutually.
2. system agricultural industry system according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the recycling of carbonic acid gas and oxygen is to realize by oxygen and carbonic acid gas regulator control system between described culture zone and the growing area; To change mutually be to utilize above-mentioned oxygen and carbonic acid gas regulator control system and adopt the breeding district temperature of heat pump techniques, humidity exchange system to realize to the temperature and humidity condition between described culture zone and the growing area.
3. system agricultural industry system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the power replenishing system of described growing area and culture zone comprises power unit, control section and appliance applications part, wherein, described power unit adopts solar panels, wind-power electricity generation, geothermal energy resources, the combination of marsh gas power generation, and network source is used as emergency power supply; Described control section is made up of wind power generation plant, wind-power electricity generation controller, accumulator, inverter and intelligent master controller and servo segment, the various energy is changed into the various specific (special) requirements of each electrical appliance in needed voltage of electrical appliance and the use; Appliance applications partly comprises light filling system, LED Lighting Control Assembly, and various household electrical appliance use; Electric energy more than needed stores by energy accumulator, uses for output or air-conditioning system.
4. system agricultural industry system according to claim 3 is characterized in that, described light filling system comprises the power supply conversion portion, control section and light-emitting device, wherein, described power supply conversion portion output 36V voltage; Described light-emitting device has many row LED luminous tubes; Described control section, constitute by single-chip microcomputer and the manual keyboard of microcomputer, the input in microcomputer controlled electro source, information show and the break-make of multichannel output control multiplex output circuit cooperates with single board computer, form the light-pulse generator of adjustable voltage or turnable pulse width, and total light intensity of controlling described light-emitting device automatically changes and the photoperiod, the beam intensity ratio of all kinds that manual Keyboard Control is arranged the LED luminous tube more, solar simulated changes.
5. system agricultural industry system according to claim 4, it is characterized in that, light-emitting device in the described light filling system comprises flat light source structure and tubular light source structure, respectively as the marine microalgae that is applied to culture zone and growing area culture, nurse young plants in hothouses, the light-source structure of tissue culture and green house of vegetables light filling.
6. system agricultural industry system according to claim 5, it is characterized in that, described tubular light source structure adopts φ 5mm, the turquoise purple LED luminous tube of the blood orange of luminous angle about the 90-120 degree, be fixed on that cube is soft to be with,, form the unit joint of a regular length again by high transparent PVC material seal, use the irradiation at short distance that is used to nurse young plants in hothouses but more piece is in parallel during use.
7. system agricultural industry system according to claim 5, it is characterized in that, described tubular light source structure adopts cylindrical, the LED luminous tube on the face of cylinder along arranging on a plurality of directions, wherein the purple light intensity of all kinds of RGB compares: 2: 1: 5: 3, and this tubular light source inserts marine microalgae Cultivation container light source as a supplement.
8. system agricultural industry system according to claim 7, it is characterized in that, described tubular light source structure adopts columniform soft band light source, the strength ratio of the red indigo plant in the wide-angle red and blue LED array 10: 1, light intensity is controlled near saturation point, light source is about 10cm apart from the vertical range of crop, and the photoperiod takes to be interrupted round the clock light filling, is used for the light filling of green house of vegetables.
9. system agricultural industry system according to claim 5, it is characterized in that, described flat light source structure adopts φ 5mm, the panel light source is formed at red, orange, green, blue, the purple LED luminous tube of 60-100 degree in luminous angle, and on described panel light source, each one of the LED of five kinds of colors forms a light image vegetarian refreshments, a plurality of pixels are pressed matrix and are arranged, the LED of each color connects separately, and inserts the DC voltage of 36V, is used for the tissue culture light-source structure and uses.
10. according to the described system agricultural industry system of claim 6-9, it is characterized in that the described tissue culture that is used for is 10: 5: 1 with the turquoise purple of the blood orange of growing seedlings light intensity ratio of all kinds: 3: 2; Being used for the blue light intensity ratio of all kinds of green house of vegetables blood orange is 6: 3: 10; Wherein, selecting LED wave-length coverage of all kinds is ruddiness 630-660nm; Orange light 590-630nm; Green glow 500-530nm; Blue light 430-470nm; Purple light 380-430nm.
11. system agricultural industry system according to claim 2 is characterized in that, air inlet pipe, top that described breeding district temperature, humidity exchange system and oxygen and carbonic acid gas regulator control system are included in the bottom setting of culture zone and growing area are provided with blast pipe; The air inlet pipe of described culture zone and the blast pipe of growing area, the air inlet pipe of growing area is intersected by the blower fan air pump respectively with the blast pipe of culture zone and is linked to each other, make the CO2 of culture zone enter growing area, the O2 of growing area enters the culture zone, produces the exchange of temperature humidity when carrying out gas exchange.
12. system agricultural industry system according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described culture zone comprises three-dimensional culture, solar energy, biomass energy Trinity complementary system; Wherein, arrange from top to bottom in the hen house in three-dimensional culture district, pig house and insect workshop, and with top, its floor height should be not less than 3.5m on ground for hen house and pig house; Below ground partly is provided with sewage-treatment plant, insect workshop, biogas generating pit, and floor height is not less than 2m; The roof is provided with louver(-vre), and the front is equipped with solar heat-collection plate to male portion.Positive vent window, the solar airconditioning installed in house; Recycle circuit: chicken manure feeds pigs behind microbial fermentation and warms oneself, and pig manure advances the dried fermentation methane production of biogas generating pit heating illumination, and urine and brush ground sewage advance apparatus for treating sewage and produces reusable edible behind the biogas, flushing pig house; Winter starting solar heat-collection plate, solar airconditioning be as not enough the replenishing of biogas heating, starts the solar airconditioning cooling summer, the room lid adds thermal insulation board, guarantees 23 ℃ of underground cultured insect workshop temperature, positive and negatively is no more than 2 ℃.
13. system agricultural industry system according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described growing area adopts the multilayer supporting structure, and the lamp bracket of the LED luminous tube of described light compensating apparatus, the blast pipe and the filling pipe of gas exchange system are installed on each layer framework; The plant growing pallet successively inserts described multilayer support, forms intensive relatively culture zone, is convenient to the condition of control growing, reaches intensification and produces.
14. system agricultural industry system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, offcuts during the plant in described two breeding districts is cultured are converted into feed, and the offcuts of animal-breeding are converted into medium, the objective microbe preparation that the microorganism of using is made as the high-purity bacterial classification.
15. system agricultural industry system according to claim 14 is characterized in that, the objective microbe preparation that described high-purity bacterial classification is made comprises aqua and the pulvis that is used for the chicken pig, is used for aqua and the pulvis of cattle and sheep, is used for aqua and pulvis that the fishes and shrimps aquatic products is used; The aqua that is used for straw pavilion fermentation usefulness is used for the muck leavening aqua of muck fermentation usefulness.
16. system agricultural industry system according to claim 1 is characterized in that, it is the straw powder that described offcuts during plant is cultured are converted into raw material and the proportioning that feed adopts: leavening: brown sugar: water is 500: 1: 1: 35-40; Raw material is mixed to be mixed thoroughly, and the most handy sprayer spray is even, seals anaerobic fermentation then, in 7-10 days summer, in 2 weeks of winter, is used for the yellow mealworm fermented forage.
17. system agricultural industry system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, it is 100 jin of straw pavilion powder that described offcuts during plant is cultured are converted into the composition of raw materials that feed adopts, 100 jin of dried corn stalks, 2 liang of objective microbe bacterium liquid, 2 liang of brown sugar and 35-40 jin water; Its manufacture craft:
1) earlier with about 40 ℃, the brown sugar that does not surpass 50 ℃ dissolves, and adds bacterium liquid mixing, adds 35 jin of left and right sides water mixing more again;
2) be sprayed onto uniformly in 100 jin of straw powder compounds with watering can;
3) twist and turn round if drip as grasping the good material of spray, then water content is many, should add the siccative modulation, if hold agglomeratingly, loosing at a touch is that moisture is an amount of;
4) will accompany the even raw material of good spray to install in the container, limit rim compacting is filled the back and is sealed with Polypropylence Sheet, and anaerobic fermentation fermented 3 days summer, and ferment winter is used for the fermented forage of livestock and poultry cultivation in 1 week.
18. system agricultural industry system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, use the compound target microorganism in the objective microbe production technology process in the straw recycling treatment system, through the liquid culture expanding species, behind the liquid fermentation, it is adsorbed in solid,, uses the heated-air drying packing of 50-60 degree through solid fermentation.
19. system agricultural industry system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the flow process of described production medium includes the conventional preliminary treatment of organic waste, add microbial inoculum and corresponding auxiliary material afterwards and mix stirring, carry out aerobic fermentation, the tail gas that produces feeds the filter tank after collecting, be used for the stirring of raw material; Raw material after the fermentation is through after crushing and screening, and wherein a part is back to pretreatment unit and raw material mixing, helps fermentation.
20. system agricultural industry system according to claim 19 is characterized in that, and is described in the flow process of producing medium, sets up specificity microorganism bacterial strain system and removes poisonous and harmful organic pollutant in the composting process; At organic pollutant content height in the present composting material, select strong toxicity, the screening of persistent organic pollutants kind, domestication specificity microorganism bacterial strain, make up specificity microorganism bacterial strain system.
21. system agricultural industry system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described three dimensional-planting-breeding district biomass energy production system is included in positive airway pressure pipe and the negative pressure ventilation pipe that is inserted with in the windrow fermentation reactor, the positive airway pressure pipe feeds fresh air by air feed system from the outside, and the gas discharge that the negative pressure ventilation pipe utilizes the tail gas exhaust system to react and produces enters the filter tank.Produce heat in the course of reaction, adopt the heat pipe superconductor technology, heat is sent to the breeding district, provide thermal source to mending warm system.
CNA2008100939245A 2008-04-23 2008-04-23 Modern system agricultural industry system designed according to material and energy cycle Pending CN101310591A (en)

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