CN107986830A - The processing method of kitchen garbage and its organic fertilizer of preparation - Google Patents
The processing method of kitchen garbage and its organic fertilizer of preparation Download PDFInfo
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- CN107986830A CN107986830A CN201711389104.6A CN201711389104A CN107986830A CN 107986830 A CN107986830 A CN 107986830A CN 201711389104 A CN201711389104 A CN 201711389104A CN 107986830 A CN107986830 A CN 107986830A
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- kitchen garbage
- black soldier
- soldier flies
- worm
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F3/00—Fertilisers from human or animal excrements, e.g. manure
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K67/00—Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New breeds of animals
- A01K67/033—Rearing or breeding invertebrates; New breeds of invertebrates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11C—FATTY ACIDS FROM FATS, OILS OR WAXES; CANDLES; FATS, OILS OR FATTY ACIDS BY CHEMICAL MODIFICATION OF FATS, OILS, OR FATTY ACIDS OBTAINED THEREFROM
- C11C3/00—Fats, oils, or fatty acids by chemical modification of fats, oils, or fatty acids obtained therefrom
- C11C3/04—Fats, oils, or fatty acids by chemical modification of fats, oils, or fatty acids obtained therefrom by esterification of fats or fatty oils
- C11C3/10—Ester interchange
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
Abstract
The invention belongs to environmental technology field, is related to a kind of processing method of kitchen garbage and its organic fertilizer of preparation.The processing method of kitchen garbage provided by the invention, includes the following steps：(a) pretreatment of kitchen garbage；(b) breeding of black soldier flies population：Black soldier flies egg hatch is maintained into Population breeding circulation into larva, member-retaining portion larvae pupation, mate and oviposit, enough worm's ovums and processing larva are provided for kitchen garbage processing；(c) black soldier flies level-one digestion process kitchen garbage：Black soldier flies worm's ovum is accessed in material is brought up, worm's ovum digests kitchen garbage during growing into larva, and kitchen garbage is converted to horsefly body protein and frass；(d) aerobic compost two level digests：The worm's ovum excreta and residual waste that step (c) is obtained carry out aerobic fermentation and ageing after-ripening, obtain organic fertilizer.By kitchen garbage black soldier flies biological treating technology and aerobic compost technology organic coupling, have complementary advantages, improve resource utilization.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of environment protection, is related to waste disposal method, and in particular to a kind of processing method of kitchen garbage and
Its organic fertilizer prepared.
Background technology
Kitchen garbage accounts for the 40%~50% of municipal refuse total amount, its storage time is slightly long to grow germ, mosquito, roach
Dung beetle etc., makes a very bad impression environmental sanitation, seriously affects residents ' health and domestic environment；Kitchen garbage is domestic waste
The difficult point of processing.
Include at present for the processing mode of kitchen garbage：(1) single kitchen garbage aerobic compost technology, technology master
Including：Bar buttress formula compost, bar heap is piled by the windrow of pre-treatment, and the overlying material that keeps off the rain carries out aerobic fermentation, by regular
The aerobic state in heap body is realized in turning；Static forced aeration composting, using forced draft fan, and with upender to expecting heap
Carry out regular turnover；Reactor compost, is that compost material is enclosed in installation for fermenting, and control ventilation and moisture condition, make thing
Material carries out microbial degradation.(2) single black soldier flies biological treating kitchen garbage technology, black soldier flies are as a kind of new kitchen
Garbage disposal Vector factors, it is verified that there is splendid effect in kitchen garbage processing；Kitchen is handled using black soldier flies
Rubbish, can fully realize recycling, the target of innoxious and minimizing processing of kitchen garbage；Diet and kitchen wastes are by pretreatment
Kind of a worm is added afterwards, and kind worm consumption completes its own growth and development using kitchen garbage, i.e., is medium by kitchen garbage using black soldier flies
It is converted into high-quality feed protein product.
However, existing aerobic compost technology is disadvantageous in that：A. kitchen garbage moisture content is high, oily salt is high, directly
Compost difficulty is larger, and compost effect is bad；B. kitchen waste compost needs to add a large amount of auxiliary materials, and the scale of one side compost is subject to
The limitation of auxiliary material, on the other hand, auxiliary material can influence compost effect when insufficient, and auxiliary material can also increase compost cost；C. kitchen
Rubbish salinity is higher, directly carries out aerobic compost, in organic fertilizer finished product salt accumulation cause product salinity high, easily occur after
Crop " burn seedlings " phenomenon；D. kitchen garbage grease is high, and excess grease forms one layer of oil film easily between strain and material, hinders bacterium
Kind comes into full contact with material, reduces composting efficiency.
Existing kitchen garbage black soldier flies biological treating technology is disadvantageous in that：A. it is black containing part in kitchen garbage
The stodgy organic matter of stratiomyiid, which, which is mixed in gadfly excrement, can reduce its direct utility value；B. existing kitchen
Most of rubbish black soldier flies biological treating technology is to set gadfly frame for cultivating, manually carries out dispensing, is inoculated with, and collects worm's ovum and waited
Journey, mechanization degree is low, is not easy to intensive management, can not form industrial chain, and high labor cost is low in economic efficiency；C. environment
Pollution weight, the extensive cultivation of existing black soldier flies and treating kitchen waste technology can produce the largely exhaust gas containing ammonia nitrogen in high density and
Organic wastewater：It is big to regional atmospheric environmental destruction generally by ventilating fan pump drainage outward for exhaust gas；For waste water,
Usually kitchen garbage pretreatment percolate and the waste water of breeding process leakage, directly discharge, surrounding body ecological environment are broken
It is bad big.
In conclusion existing Food waste treatment method has respective strengths and weaknesses, single treatment process is more difficult same
When meet the good requirement of good treatment effect, efficient, less energy consumption, environmental benefit.
In consideration of it, special propose the present invention.
The content of the invention
The first object of the present invention is to provide a kind of processing method of kitchen garbage, kitchen garbage black soldier flies biology is disappeared
Receive technology and aerobic compost technology organic coupling, form a kind of new " kitchen garbage level-one black soldier flies digestion-aerobic compost
The composite treatment technology of two level microbial digestion ", two ways collaboration complete the efficient process of kitchen garbage, have complementary advantages, raise
Long to keep away short, whole technological operation is convenient, smooth, greatly improves resource utilization rate.
The second object of the present invention is to provide a kind of organic fertilizer, the organic fertilizer by the kitchen garbage processing method system
It is standby to obtain, turn waste into wealth, add profit, there is fabulous economic value.
To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is：
According to an aspect of the present invention, the present invention provides a kind of processing method of kitchen garbage, includes the following steps：
(a) pretreatment of kitchen garbage：, will be isolated including kitchen garbage is carried out separation of solid and liquid and water-oil separating
Solid kitchen garbage is crushed, and obtains bringing up material；
(b) breeding of black soldier flies population：By black soldier flies egg hatch into larva, member-retaining portion larvae pupation, mate and oviposit
Population breeding circulation is maintained, enough worm's ovums and processing larva are provided for kitchen garbage processing；
(c) black soldier flies level-one digestion process kitchen garbage：Black soldier flies worm's ovum is accessed in material is brought up, worm's ovum grows into larva
During digest kitchen garbage, kitchen garbage is converted to horsefly body protein and frass；
(d) aerobic compost two level digests：Worm's ovum excreta and residual waste that step (c) is obtained carry out aerobic fermentation and
After-ripening is aged, obtains organic fertilizer.
As further preferred technical solution, in step (a), the water content of the solid kitchen garbage for 60%~
75%, the grain diameter crushed is 6~20mm；
Preferably, the grease obtained through water-oil separating carries out ester exchange reaction under the action of catalyst, with alcohol and prepares life
Thing diesel oil；
The part elaioleucite not being separated is mixed into raising material by black soldier flies digestion process；
Preferably, the water obtained through water-oil separating mutually enters in black soldier flies breeding system, and spraying is made in pressurization, for material
The adjusting of ambient humidity in moisturizing and breeding system.
As further preferred technical solution, in step (a), auxiliary material is further included in the raising material.
As further preferred technical solution, in step (b), the breeding of black soldier flies population includes：Temperature is 25~28 DEG C,
Relative humidity is 80%~85%, and intensity of illumination is not less than 600Lux.
As further preferred technical solution, the control mode of the intensity of illumination is to be set in breeding workshop ceiling
Transparent plastic film, allows natural light to pass through；When running into rainy weather, using the iodine-tungsten lamp of 500W, 4~8h is irradiated.
As further preferred technical solution, in step (c), treatment temperature is 25~30 DEG C, and is carried out in processing procedure
Ventilation and deodorization.
As further preferred technical solution, ventilation uses flow as 200~300m3The air blower of/min is aerated；
Preferably, deodorization, every three minutes sprinkling atomization and deodorization liquid 10~15 seconds are carried out using atomization impact gun；
Preferably, the process cycle of step (c) is 5~7 days.
As further preferred technical solution, in step (d), the strain used during aerobic fermentation for composite bacteria,
At least two are preferably comprised in Candida lipolytica, aspergillus oryzae, bacillus licheniformis, Trichoderma viride and blown-ball Azotobacter to answer
Close strain；
Preferably, composite bacteria and worm's ovum excreta and the mass ratio of residual waste are 1：1000~2000；
Preferably, the condition of aerobic fermentation includes：Ventilation flow rate according to every snorkel is 3~4m3/ min is to compost
Forced ventilation is carried out, ventilation carries out by intermittent, leads to, blowing-out time ratio is 0.5~5：1；Turning daily 1~2 time, makes compost exist
Maintain temperature >=65 DEG C within 3~4 days；
Preferably, the cycle of aerobic fermentation is 7~10 days；
Preferably, being aged the condition of after-ripening includes：Reduce ventilation flow rate to 0.3~0.5m3/ min or direct turnings, ageing
35%~40%, temperature is gradually decreased to room temperature or slightly above room temperature for material water ratio control afterwards；
Preferably, the cycle for being aged after-ripening is 5~7 days.
According to another aspect of the present invention, the present invention also provides a kind of organic fertilizer, above-described kitchen garbage is passed through
Processing method be prepared.
As further preferred technical solution, the organic fertilizer includes frass organic fertilizer and the step that step (c) obtains
(d) organic fertilizer obtained.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are：
1st, the processing method of kitchen garbage of the invention, by the pretreatment of kitchen garbage, the breeding of black soldier flies population, black
The implementation for the step of stratiomyiid level-one digestion process kitchen garbage and aerobic compost two level digest, kitchen garbage black soldier flies biology is disappeared
Receive technology and aerobic compost technology organic coupling, form a kind of new " kitchen garbage level-one black soldier flies digestion-aerobic compost
The efficient process of kitchen garbage is completed in the composite treatment technology of two level microbial digestion ", two ways collaboration, forms complete place
Reason system, has complementary advantages, gives full play to the advantage of each technology, maximize favourable factors and minimize unfavourable ones, and strengthens treatment effect, whole technological operation is convenient,
Smoothness, greatly improves resource utilization rate.
2nd, the present invention not only efficiently solves the pollution problem of kitchen garbage, but also has efficiently been converted into kitchen garbage
Machine fertilizer, also obtains substantial amounts of high-quality insect protein, turns waste into wealth, further increase profit, and processing procedure energy consumption is low, processing
Thoroughly, waste surplus and discharge are few, and utilization rate is high, avoids secondary pollution, largely reduces garbage disposal cost, have
There are fabulous economic value and environmental value.
3rd, organic fertilizer of the invention can further be produced into refined organic fertilizer, biological organic fertilizer, composite microbiological fertilizer or
Organic substrate, turns waste into wealth, and increases profit, lifts resource product and its direct utility value.
Embodiment
Embodiment of the present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with embodiment and embodiment, but this area skill
Art personnel will be understood that following embodiments and embodiment are merely to illustrate the present invention, and be not construed as the model of the limitation present invention
Enclose.Based on the embodiments of the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art are obtained without making creative work
Every other embodiment, belongs to the scope of protection of the invention.The person that is not specified actual conditions, builds according to normal condition or manufacturer
The condition of view carries out.Reagents or instruments used without specified manufacturer, is the conventional production that can be obtained by commercially available purchase
Product.
In a first aspect, providing a kind of processing method of kitchen garbage in certain embodiments, include the following steps：
(a) pretreatment of kitchen garbage：, will be isolated including kitchen garbage is carried out separation of solid and liquid and water-oil separating
Solid kitchen garbage is crushed, and obtains bringing up material；
(b) breeding of black soldier flies population：By black soldier flies egg hatch into larva, member-retaining portion larvae pupation, mate and oviposit
Population breeding circulation is maintained, enough worm's ovums and processing larva are provided for kitchen garbage processing；
(c) black soldier flies level-one digestion process kitchen garbage：Black soldier flies worm's ovum is accessed in material is brought up, worm's ovum grows into larva
During digest kitchen garbage, kitchen garbage is converted to horsefly body protein and frass；
(d) aerobic compost two level digests：Worm's ovum excreta and residual waste that step (c) is obtained carry out aerobic fermentation and
After-ripening is aged, obtains organic fertilizer.
The processing method of above-mentioned kitchen garbage, passes through the pretreatment of kitchen garbage, the breeding of black soldier flies population, black soldier flies one
The implementation for the step of level digestion process kitchen garbage and aerobic compost two level digest, by kitchen garbage black soldier flies biological treating technology
With aerobic compost technology organic coupling, form that a kind of new " kitchen garbage level-one black soldier flies digestion-aerobic compost two level is micro-
The efficient process of kitchen garbage is completed in the composite treatment technology of bio-digestion ", two ways collaboration, forms complete processing body
System, has complementary advantages, gives full play to the advantage of each technology, maximize favourable factors and minimize unfavourable ones, and strengthens treatment effect, and whole technological operation is convenient, smooth,
Greatly improve resource utilization rate.
Specifically, the present invention is relative to existing individually aerobic compost technology and single kitchen garbage black soldier flies biology
Consumption technology has the advantage that：
(1) improvement for independent aerobic compost technology includes：
A. increase black soldier flies level-one bio-digestion system, solve that moisture content is high, high oily salt kitchen waste compost difficulty is big,
The problem of compost effect is bad；
B. after black soldier flies bio-digestion, the material that need to include follow-up compositing system is the high gadfly excrement of rotten degree and is not easy
The organic matter digested by gadfly, its composting process are no longer limited by auxiliary material, expand scale easy to compost；
C. the salinity in kitchen garbage is converted into idiotrophic material by black soldier flies, reduces salinity in organic fertilizer finished product
In accumulation, organic fertilizer " burn seedlings " phenomenon can be avoided；
D. using extremely wide, not particular about food, insensitive to capsicum, pepper, soy sauce alcohol, the grease characteristic of black soldier flies recipe, make
Its direct stodgy material of feeding compost strain, while destroy the oil film between strain and material, makes strain and material
Come into full contact with, lift composting efficiency.
(2) improvement for single kitchen garbage black soldier flies biological treating technology includes：
A. two level microbes as kitchen garbage dissolve, and aerobic composting system can have part black soldier flies are stodgy
Machine thing and gadfly excrement digest in the lump is converted into refined organic fertilizer, lifts resource product and its direct utility value；
B. on the basis of existing black soldier flies biological treating system, black soldier flies kind cultivating one industrialized aquaculture is developed；Structure
Black soldier flies biology disposal automatic production line；Using the unmanned cultivating workshop of automation, including automatic breeding, worm's ovum are collected, kitchen
The flows such as dispensing, feeding, inoculation, transmission, blanking, screening, drying, packing；Greatly improve the machine of original black soldier flies consumption system
Tool degree, facilitates intensive management, forms complete industrial chain, reduces cost of labor, increases economic efficiency；
C. problem of environmental pollution is solved, black soldier flies automatic breeding workshop uses totally enclosed type box for breeding, on the one hand, introduce
Lactic acid bacteria carries out kitchen garbage fresh-keeping, the prevention putrid and deteriorated generation foul gas of kitchen garbage；On the other hand, with containing lactic acid
The spraying of bacterium bacterium solution carries out biological deodorizing to a small amount of excessive gas；In addition, cascade and photocatalyst can also be passed through inside box for breeding
Anion system balances odor molecules concentration, and the air of discharge realizes qualified discharge by spray column and adsorbent, ensures whole
On-site free from extraneous odour；Kitchen garbage pre-processes percolate and cultivation waste reflux to high pressure fluid reservoir, pressurization and spraying is made, is used for
Material moisturizing and gadfly breeding ambient humidity are adjusted, and realize that kitchen waste water recycles, not outer row.
Alternatively, the kitchen garbage refers to that family, hotel, restaurant, government departments and institutions and school lunch service etc. produce
Collection or uncollected kitchen residue.
Be preferably carried out in one kind in mode, in step (a), the water content of the solid kitchen garbage for 60%~
75%, the grain diameter crushed is 6~20mm；
Preferably, the grease obtained through water-oil separating carries out ester exchange reaction under the action of catalyst, with alcohol and prepares life
Thing diesel oil；
The part elaioleucite not being separated is mixed into raising material by black soldier flies digestion process；
Preferably, the water obtained through water-oil separating mutually enters in black soldier flies breeding system, and spraying is made in pressurization, for material
The adjusting of ambient humidity in moisturizing and breeding system.
It is preferably carried out in one kind in mode, in step (a), auxiliary material is further included in the raising material.
It is that kitchen garbage is subjected to solid-liquid using the automation equipment of specialty on the pretreatment of step (a) kitchen garbage
Separation and water-oil separating；The water content of isolated kitchen garbage decorating film, that is, solid kitchen garbage is about 70%, is preferably
60%~75%, particle diameter is obtained after crushing and is less than 20mm, preferable particle size is the rubbish crushed material of 6~20mm, as raising
Material (stratiomyiid feed) enters stratiomyiid processing links.Wherein, the aqueous phase liquid part that water-oil separating obtains enters high pressure fluid reservoir, adds
Spraying is pressed into, is adjusted for material moisturizing and gadfly breeding ambient humidity, realizes that kitchen waste water recycles, not outer row；Together
When, which decreases the accumulation of finished product protein feed and the salinity in gadfly excrement organic fertilizer.In addition, obtained through water-oil separating
The grease arrived carries out ester exchange reaction under the action of catalyst, with alcohol and prepares biodiesel；The part oil not being separated
Grain is mixed into raising material by black soldier flies digestion process.
It should be noted that the concrete mode of preparing biodiesel from lipid can refer to mode commonly used in the art, such as
Catalyst used includes but not limited to sulfuric acid, lipase, sodium methoxide etc.；The alcohol is short chain alcohol, includes but not limited to first
Alcohol, ethanol, ethylene glycol, propyl alcohol, butanol etc..
The automation equipment can use kitchen garbage solid-liquid separating equipment commonly used in the art, the degree of automation
Height, to improve treatment effeciency.
The water content of the solid kitchen garbage it is typical but it is unrestricted for 60%, 62%, 64%, 65%, 66%,
67%th, 68%, 69%, 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74% or 75%.It is typical but unrestricted to crush obtained grain diameter
Property for 6mm, 7mm, 8mm, 10mm, 12mm, 14mm, 15mm, 16mm, 18mm or 20mm.
Alternatively, described to bring up in material, the mass fraction of solid kitchen garbage is 50%~95%, remaining is auxiliary material.
The present invention does not do special restriction for the type of auxiliary material, using commonly used in the art.
The auxiliary material includes but not limited to sawdust, bran powder, wheat bran, dusty yeast, straw powder, sodium bicarbonate, Cottonseed Meal, beans
The mixture of any one or more in the dregs of rice, rapeseed dregs, white lime and EM.The addition of auxiliary material can promote black soldier flies larva
Grow and ingest so that the wear rate of kitchen garbage improves.
It is preferably carried out in one kind in mode, in step (b), the breeding of black soldier flies population includes：Temperature is 25~28 DEG C,
Relative humidity is 80%~85%, and intensity of illumination is not less than 600Lux.
It is preferably carried out in one kind in mode, the control mode of the intensity of illumination is to be set in breeding workshop ceiling
Transparent plastic film, allows natural light to pass through；When running into rainy weather, using the iodine-tungsten lamp of 500W, 4~8h is irradiated.
On the breeding of step (b) black soldier flies population, mainly enough worm's ovums and processing are provided for kitchen garbage processing
Larva.The breeding system of stratiomyiid population includes kind of adult cultivation and kind larva cultivation.Establish good black soldier flies population and maintain body
System, such as using automating unmanned cultivating workshop, including automatic breeding, worm's ovum collection, kitchen dispensing, feeding, inoculation, transmission,
Blanking, screening, drying, packing etc.；Improve the degree of automation, facilitate intensive management, form complete industrial chain, reduce manually into
This, increases economic efficiency, it is ensured that the production quantity and quality of worm.The temperature, humidity, illumination in workshop are bred by manual control
Etc. condition, simulate suitable stratiomyiid and breed optimal natural environment, reach lasting, stable, the extensive propagation of black soldier flies population,
Production guarantee is provided for the processing of kitchen garbage.In stratiomyiid produces, it is only necessary to which the stratiomyiid larva for retaining about 1% maintains population numerous
Circulation is grown, remaining 99% larva can serve as processing and use worm, carry out the processing of kitchen garbage.
It is typical but unrestricted for 25 DEG C, 26 DEG C, 27 DEG C or 28 DEG C to cultivate temperature；Relative humidity it is typical but unrestricted be
80%th, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84% or 85%.
The control mode of illumination condition is to be covered in breeding workshop ceiling using transparent plastic film, allows natural light to pass through,
Gadfly is stimulated to mate, such as rainy weather, can be using the iodine-tungsten lamp of 500W, every morning, which turns on light, irradiates 5h or so and is stimulated.
In this way, under these conditions, it can be ensured that the production quantity and quality of larva, provide enough for kitchen garbage
Worm's ovum and processing larva, and improve treatment effeciency.
It is preferably carried out in one kind in mode, in step (c), treatment temperature is 25~30 DEG C, and is carried out in processing procedure
Ventilation and deodorization.
It is preferably carried out in one kind in mode, ventilation uses flow as 200~300m3The air blower of/min is aerated；
Preferably, deodorization, every three minutes sprinkling atomization and deodorization liquid 10~15 seconds are carried out using atomization impact gun；
Preferably, the process cycle of step (c) is 5~7 days.
On step (c) black soldier flies level-one digestion process kitchen garbage, it is using the powerful feeding of black soldier flies larva and disappears
Kitchen garbage, is converted into the animal protein of high quality by change ability.Black soldier flies digestion process kitchen garbage, is in vivo by biology
Macromolecules degradation is biological micromolecule, is then then assembled into the large biological molecule (albumen, grease, chitosan etc.) for itself,
After eliminating homology risk, still exist with the value of large biological molecule, so as to improve added value.It can be adopted in processing procedure
Converted with scale black soldier flies, have rubbish conversion workshop and the conversion pool of specialty, and supporting professional ventilation, temperature control, deodorization
Equipment.Black soldier flies larva is converted into horsefly body protein and frass after the processing of 5~7 days, by kitchen garbage, using mechanization worm
Material screen subset carries out frass separation, finally obtains the fresh worm of good stratiomyiid and frass organic fertilizer product.
Wherein, ventilation equipment can use large blower, and flow is typical but unrestricted for 200m3/min、210m3/min、
220m3/min、230m3/min、240m3/min、250m3/min、260m3/min、270m3/min、230m3/min、290m3/min
Or 300m3/min。
Temperature controlling instruments can use existing commonly used equipment, temperature it is typical but it is unrestricted for 25 DEG C, 25 DEG C, 26 DEG C, 27 DEG C,
28 DEG C, 29 DEG C or 30 DEG C.
Deodorizing device can use atomization impact gun (spraying impact gun), and deodorant liquid can use the bacterium solution containing lactic acid bacteria, every three points
Clock sprinkling atomization and deodorization liquid 10 seconds, 11 seconds, 12 seconds, 13 seconds, 14 seconds or 15 seconds.
Alternatively, in addition 200~20,000,000 black soldier flies worm's ovums per ton in bringing up material.Suitable black soldier flies worm's ovum amount has
Beneficial to treatment effeciency is improved, strengthen treatment effect.
Be preferably carried out in one kind in mode, in step (d), the strain used during aerobic fermentation for composite bacteria,
At least two are preferably comprised in Candida lipolytica, aspergillus oryzae, bacillus licheniformis, Trichoderma viride and blown-ball Azotobacter to answer
Close strain；
Preferably, composite bacteria and worm's ovum excreta and the mass ratio of residual waste are 1：1000~2000；
Preferably, the condition of aerobic fermentation includes：Ventilation flow rate according to every snorkel is 3~4m3/ min is to compost
Forced ventilation is carried out, ventilation carries out by intermittent, leads to, blowing-out time ratio is 0.5~5：1；Turning daily 1~2 time, makes compost exist
Maintain temperature >=65 DEG C within 3~4 days；
Preferably, the cycle of aerobic fermentation is 7~10 days；
Preferably, being aged the condition of after-ripening includes：Reduce ventilation flow rate to 0.3~0.5m3/ min or direct turnings, ageing
35%~40%, temperature is gradually decreased to room temperature or slightly above room temperature for material water ratio control afterwards；
Preferably, the cycle for being aged after-ripening is 5~7 days.
It is understood that the residual waste includes remaining nondigestible organic waste.
It should be noted that " room temperature " refers to temperature range between 20~30 DEG C；Described is " slightly above normal
Temperature " refers to temperature range between 30~40 DEG C.
Digested on step (d) aerobic compost two level, be that black soldier flies excreta and remaining nondigestible debirs is good
Aerobe fermentation system fertilizer.Worm's ovum excreta and residual waste pass through broken, compression adjustment moisture content, carbon-nitrogen ratio and porosity, after mixing
Into aerobic fermentation tank, some high-efficiency strains are added, and blasts appropriate air and completes main fermentation, are broken after the aged processing of head product
Broken, screening, addition nutrient and biological bacteria are made organic fertilizer series product, product through examine it is up to standard after can dispatch from the factory sale.A small amount of tail
Gas is jointly controlled by spray, biologic packing material absorption and plant metabolism effect, and a small amount of waste water produced in material composting process can
The qualified discharge after up flow type oxygen is anaerobic fluidized bed, anaerobic-aerobic purifies.
Alternatively, the viable count of composite bacteria >=13,000,000,000/g, is preferably 13,000,000,000/g~16,000,000,000/g.
Quality of the present invention for Candida lipolytica, aspergillus oryzae, bacillus licheniformis, Trichoderma viride and blown-ball Azotobacter
Match no special limitation.
Composite bacteria and worm's ovum excreta and the mass ratio of residual waste it is typical but non-limiting be 1：1000、1：
1100、1：1200、1：1300、1：1400、1：1500、1：1600、1：1700、1：1800、1：1900 or 1：2000.
In the present invention, in aerobic fermentation composting period, using forced ventilation, the ventilation flow rate according to every snorkel is 3
~4m3/ min carries out compost forced ventilation, and ventilation carries out by intermittent, leads to, blowing-out time ratio is 0.5~5：1, it is preferably 1
~4：1, more preferably 2~3：1；Turning in one day 1~2 time, it is ensured that material interstitial content is not less than 12%, and causes compost
Maintained 3~4 days more than 65 DEG C.
The typical but non-limiting cycle of aerobic fermentation is 7 days, 8 days, 9 days or 10 days.
Further, it ripe stage after aging, can be stacked under aerobic environment, reduce ventilation flow rate to 0.3~0.5m3/
Min or direct turnings, for the material water ratio control after ageing 35%~40%, temperature is gradually decreased to room temperature or slightly above normal
Temperature, that is, be made organic fertilizer.
The typical but non-limiting cycle of ageing after-ripening is 5 days, 6 days or 7 days.
In this way, under above-mentioned treatment process condition, black soldier flies are digested and are organically combined with aerobic compost, meal is completed in collaboration
The efficient process of kitchen rubbish.
Second aspect, the present invention also provides a kind of organic fertilizer, is prepared by the processing method of above-described kitchen garbage
Obtain.
It is preferably carried out in one kind in mode, the organic fertilizer includes frass organic fertilizer and the step that step (c) obtains
(d) organic fertilizer obtained.
Above-mentioned organic fertilizer can be further produced into refined organic fertilizer, biological organic fertilizer, composite microbiological fertilizer or organic
Matrix, turns waste into wealth, and increases profit, lifts resource product and its direct utility value.
With reference to specific embodiment, the invention will be further described.
Embodiment 1
A kind of processing method of kitchen garbage, includes the following steps：
(a) pretreatment of kitchen garbage：Including kitchen garbage is carried out separation of solid and liquid and water-oil separating, separation of solid and liquid is obtained
To water content be that 70% solid kitchen garbage carries out being crushed to particle diameter be 20mm rubbish crushed materials, added in rubbish crushed material
Sawdust and bran powder, obtain bringing up material；
Through the oil and fat preparation that water-oil separating obtains into biodiesel；The part elaioleucite not being separated is mixed into raising material
Pass through black soldier flies digestion process；The aqueous phase liquid that water-oil separating obtains enters high pressure fluid reservoir, and spraying is made in pressurization, for material
Moisturizing and gadfly breeding ambient humidity are adjusted, and realize that kitchen waste water recycles.
(b) breeding of black soldier flies population：By black soldier flies egg hatch into larva, member-retaining portion larvae pupation, mate and oviposit
Population breeding circulation is maintained, enough worm's ovums and processing larva are provided for kitchen garbage processing；
The temperature of cultivation is 25 DEG C, and relative humidity 80%, intensity of illumination is not less than 600Lux；The controlling party of illumination condition
Formula is to be covered in breeding workshop ceiling using transparent plastic film, allows natural light to pass through, and stimulates gadfly to mate, such as rainy days
Gas, using the iodine-tungsten lamp of 500W, every morning, which turns on light, irradiates 5h.
(c) black soldier flies level-one digestion process kitchen garbage：Black soldier flies worm's ovum is accessed in material is brought up, worm's ovum grows into larva
During digest kitchen garbage, kitchen garbage is converted to horsefly body protein and frass；Carried out using mechanization worm material screen subset
Frass separates, and obtains the fresh worm of good stratiomyiid and frass organic fertilizer；
Treatment temperature is 25 DEG C, and flow is used in processing procedure as 200m3The air blower of/min is aerated；Using
It is atomized impact gun and carries out deodorization, every three minutes sprinkling atomization and deodorization liquid 10 seconds.
(d) aerobic compost two level digests：Worm's ovum excreta and residual waste that step (c) is obtained carry out aerobic fermentation and
After-ripening is aged, obtains organic fertilizer；
Wherein, fermenting microbe is using the compound of Candida lipolytica, aspergillus oryzae, bacillus licheniformis and Trichoderma viride
Strain, composite bacteria are 1 with worm's ovum excreta and the mass ratio of residual waste：1000；In aerobic fermentation composting period, using strong
System ventilation, the ventilation flow rate according to every snorkel is 3m3/ min carries out compost forced ventilation, and ventilation carries out by intermittent,
Logical, blowing-out time ratio is 2：1；Turning in one day 1 time, it is ensured that material interstitial content be not less than 12%, and cause compost 65 DEG C with
It is upper to maintain 3 days；The cycle of aerobic fermentation is 7 days；
In the ripe stage after aging, reduce ventilation flow rate to 0.3m3/ min, the material water ratio control after ageing 35%,
Temperature is gradually decreased to room temperature, that is, organic fertilizer is made.
Embodiment 2
A kind of processing method of kitchen garbage, includes the following steps：
(a) pretreatment of kitchen garbage：Including kitchen garbage is carried out separation of solid and liquid and water-oil separating, separation of solid and liquid is obtained
To water content be that 65% solid kitchen garbage carries out being crushed to particle diameter be 10mm rubbish crushed materials, added in rubbish crushed material
The mixture of bran powder, dusty yeast and straw powder, obtains bringing up material；
Through the oil and fat preparation that water-oil separating obtains into biodiesel；The part elaioleucite not being separated is mixed into raising material
Pass through black soldier flies digestion process；The aqueous phase liquid that water-oil separating obtains enters high pressure fluid reservoir, and spraying is made in pressurization, for material
Moisturizing and gadfly breeding ambient humidity are adjusted, and realize that kitchen waste water recycles.
(b) breeding of black soldier flies population：By black soldier flies egg hatch into larva, member-retaining portion larvae pupation, mate and oviposit
Population breeding circulation is maintained, enough worm's ovums and processing larva are provided for kitchen garbage processing；
The temperature of cultivation is 28 DEG C, and relative humidity 85%, intensity of illumination is not less than 600Lux；The controlling party of illumination condition
Formula is to be covered in breeding workshop ceiling using transparent plastic film, allows natural light to pass through, and stimulates gadfly to mate, such as rainy days
Gas, using the iodine-tungsten lamp of 500W, every morning, which turns on light, irradiates 4h.
(c) black soldier flies level-one digestion process kitchen garbage：Black soldier flies worm's ovum is accessed in material is brought up, worm's ovum grows into larva
During digest kitchen garbage, kitchen garbage is converted to horsefly body protein and frass, using mechanization worm material screen subset carry out
Frass separates, and obtains the fresh worm of good stratiomyiid and frass organic fertilizer；
Treatment temperature is 30 DEG C, and flow is used in processing procedure as 300m3The air blower of/min is aerated；Using
It is atomized impact gun and carries out deodorization, every three minutes sprinkling atomization and deodorization liquid 15 seconds.
(d) aerobic compost two level digests：Worm's ovum excreta and residual waste that step (c) is obtained carry out aerobic fermentation and
After-ripening is aged, obtains organic fertilizer；
Wherein, fermenting microbe is consolidated using Candida lipolytica, aspergillus oryzae, bacillus licheniformis Trichoderma viride and brown ball
The composite bacteria of nitrogen bacterium, composite bacteria are 1 with worm's ovum excreta and the mass ratio of residual waste：2000；In aerobic fermentation compost
In the stage, using forced ventilation, the ventilation flow rate according to every snorkel is 4m3/ min carries out forced ventilation to compost, and ventilation is pressed
Intermittent progress, leads to, blowing-out time ratio is 2：1；Turning in one day 2 times, it is ensured that material interstitial content is not less than 12%, and causes heap
Fertilizer maintains 3 days more than 65 DEG C；The cycle of aerobic fermentation is 8 days；
In the ripe stage after aging, reduce ventilation flow rate to 0.5m3/ min, the material water ratio control after ageing 40%,
Temperature is gradually decreased to room temperature, that is, organic fertilizer is made.
Embodiment 3
A kind of processing method of kitchen garbage, includes the following steps：
(a) pretreatment of kitchen garbage：Including kitchen garbage is carried out separation of solid and liquid and water-oil separating, separation of solid and liquid is obtained
To water content be that 75% solid kitchen garbage carries out being crushed to particle diameter be 12mm rubbish crushed materials, added in rubbish crushed material
Sawdust, bran powder, wheat bran, dusty yeast, straw powder, the mixture of sodium bicarbonate and white lime, obtain bringing up material；
Through the oil and fat preparation that water-oil separating obtains into biodiesel；The part elaioleucite not being separated is mixed into raising material
Pass through black soldier flies digestion process；The aqueous phase liquid that water-oil separating obtains enters high pressure fluid reservoir, and spraying is made in pressurization, for material
Moisturizing and gadfly breeding ambient humidity are adjusted, and realize that kitchen waste water recycles.
(b) breeding of black soldier flies population：Black soldier flies egg hatch is tieed up into larva, member-retaining portion larvae pupation, mate and oviposit
Population breeding circulation is held, enough worm's ovums and processing larva are provided for kitchen garbage processing；
The temperature of cultivation is 26 DEG C, and relative humidity 82%, intensity of illumination is not less than 600Lux；The controlling party of illumination condition
Formula is to be covered in breeding workshop ceiling using transparent plastic film, allows natural light to pass through, and stimulates gadfly to mate, such as rainy days
Gas, using the iodine-tungsten lamp of 500W, every morning, which turns on light, irradiates 5h.
(c) black soldier flies level-one digestion process kitchen garbage：Black soldier flies worm's ovum is accessed in material is brought up, worm's ovum grows into larva
During digest kitchen garbage, kitchen garbage is converted to horsefly body protein and frass, using mechanization worm material screen subset carry out
Frass separates, and obtains the fresh worm of good stratiomyiid and frass organic fertilizer；
Treatment temperature is 28 DEG C, and flow is used in processing procedure as 250m3The air blower of/min is aerated；Using
It is atomized impact gun and carries out deodorization, every three minutes sprinkling atomization and deodorization liquid 12 seconds.
(d) aerobic compost two level digests：Worm's ovum excreta and residual waste that step (c) is obtained carry out aerobic fermentation and
After-ripening is aged, obtains organic fertilizer；
Wherein, fermenting microbe is using the compound of Candida lipolytica, aspergillus oryzae, bacillus licheniformis and Trichoderma viride
Strain, composite bacteria are 1 with worm's ovum excreta and the mass ratio of residual waste：1100；In aerobic fermentation composting period, using strong
System ventilation, the ventilation flow rate according to every snorkel is 4m3/ min carries out compost forced ventilation, and ventilation carries out by intermittent,
Logical, blowing-out time ratio is 2：1；Turning in one day 1 time, it is ensured that material interstitial content be not less than 12%, and cause compost 65 DEG C with
It is upper to maintain 3 days；The cycle of aerobic fermentation is 10 days；
In the ripe stage after aging, direct turning, 38%, temperature is gradually decreased to often the material water ratio control after ageing
Temperature, that is, be made organic fertilizer.
Finally it should be noted that：The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention., rather than its limitations；To the greatest extent
Pipe is described in detail the present invention with reference to foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that：Its according to
Can so modify to the technical solution described in foregoing embodiments, either to which part or all technical characteristic into
Row equivalent substitution；And these modifications or replacement, the essence of appropriate technical solution is departed from various embodiments of the present invention technology
The scope of scheme.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of processing method of kitchen garbage, it is characterised in that include the following steps：
(a) pretreatment of kitchen garbage：Including kitchen garbage is carried out separation of solid and liquid and water-oil separating, by isolated solid
Kitchen garbage is crushed, and obtains bringing up material；
(b) breeding of black soldier flies population：Black soldier flies egg hatch is maintained into larva, member-retaining portion larvae pupation, mate and oviposit
Population breeding circulates, and enough worm's ovums and processing larva are provided for kitchen garbage processing；
(c) black soldier flies level-one digestion process kitchen garbage：Black soldier flies worm's ovum is accessed in material is brought up, worm's ovum grows into larva process
Middle digestion kitchen garbage, kitchen garbage are converted to horsefly body protein and frass；
(d) aerobic compost two level digests：The worm's ovum excreta and residual waste that step (c) is obtained carry out aerobic fermentation and ageing
After-ripening, obtains organic fertilizer.
2. the processing method of kitchen garbage according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in step (a), the solid meal
The water content of kitchen rubbish is 60%~75%, and the grain diameter crushed is 6~20mm；
Preferably, the grease obtained through water-oil separating carries out ester exchange reaction under the action of catalyst, with alcohol and prepares biological bavin
Oil；
The part elaioleucite not being separated is mixed into raising material by black soldier flies digestion process；
Preferably, the water obtained through water-oil separating mutually enters in black soldier flies breeding system, and spraying is made in pressurization, for material moisturizing
With the adjusting of ambient humidity in breeding system.
3. the processing method of kitchen garbage according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in step (a), the raising material
In further include auxiliary material.
4. the processing method of kitchen garbage according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in step (b), black soldier flies population
Breeding condition includes：Temperature is 25~28 DEG C, and relative humidity is 80%~85%, and intensity of illumination is not less than 600Lux.
5. the processing method of kitchen garbage according to claim 4, it is characterised in that the controlling party of the intensity of illumination
Formula is to set transparent plastic film in breeding workshop ceiling, allow natural light to pass through；When running into rainy weather, using the iodine of 500W
Tungsten lamp, irradiates 4~8h.
6. the processing method of kitchen garbage according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in step (c), treatment temperature 25
~30 DEG C, it is aerated in processing procedure and deodorization.
7. the processing method of kitchen garbage according to claim 6, it is characterised in that ventilation use flow for 200~
300m3The air blower of/min is aerated；
Preferably, deodorization, every three minutes sprinkling atomization and deodorization liquid 10~15 seconds are carried out using atomization impact gun；
Preferably, the process cycle of step (c) is 5~7 days.
8. according to the processing method of claim 1~7 any one of them kitchen garbage, it is characterised in that good in step (d)
The strain used during aerobe fermentation for composite bacteria, preferably comprise Candida lipolytica, aspergillus oryzae, bacillus licheniformis,
At least two composite bacteria in Trichoderma viride and blown-ball Azotobacter；
Preferably, composite bacteria and worm's ovum excreta and the mass ratio of residual waste are 1：1000~2000；
Preferably, the condition of aerobic fermentation includes：Ventilation flow rate according to every snorkel is 3~4m3/ min carries out compost strong
System ventilation, ventilation carry out by intermittent, lead to, blowing-out time ratio is 0.5~5：1；Turning daily 1~2 time, made compost at 3~4 days
Maintain temperature >=65 DEG C；
Preferably, the cycle of aerobic fermentation is 7~10 days；
Preferably, being aged the condition of after-ripening includes：Reduce ventilation flow rate to 0.3~0.5m3/ min or direct turnings, after ageing
35%~40%, temperature is gradually decreased to room temperature or slightly above room temperature for material water ratio control；
Preferably, the cycle for being aged after-ripening is 5~7 days.
9. a kind of organic fertilizer, it is characterised in that pass through the processing method system of claim 1~8 any one of them kitchen garbage
It is standby to obtain.
10. organic fertilizer according to claim 9, it is characterised in that the organic fertilizer includes the frass that step (c) obtains
The organic fertilizer that organic fertilizer and step (d) obtain.
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Application publication date: 20180504 |