CN112828008A - Method for converting rubbish into high-protein biological feed by hermetia illucens - Google Patents

Method for converting rubbish into high-protein biological feed by hermetia illucens Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112828008A
CN112828008A CN202011635024.6A CN202011635024A CN112828008A CN 112828008 A CN112828008 A CN 112828008A CN 202011635024 A CN202011635024 A CN 202011635024A CN 112828008 A CN112828008 A CN 112828008A
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China
Prior art keywords
garbage
hermetia illucens
waste
sorted
feed
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Pending
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CN202011635024.6A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
张印
刘玉庆
胡明
李璐璐
骆延波
张庆
齐静
赵效南
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Institute Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine of Shandong AAS
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Institute Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine of Shandong AAS
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Application filed by Institute Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine of Shandong AAS filed Critical Institute Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine of Shandong AAS
Priority to CN202011635024.6A priority Critical patent/CN112828008A/en
Publication of CN112828008A publication Critical patent/CN112828008A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B09DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
    • B09BDISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE
    • B09B3/00Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23NMACHINES OR APPARATUS FOR TREATING HARVESTED FRUIT, VEGETABLES OR FLOWER BULBS IN BULK, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; PEELING VEGETABLES OR FRUIT IN BULK; APPARATUS FOR PREPARING ANIMAL FEEDING- STUFFS
    • A23N17/00Apparatus specially adapted for preparing animal feeding-stuffs
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B09DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
    • B09BDISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE
    • B09B3/00Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
    • B09B3/40Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless involving thermal treatment, e.g. evaporation
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B09DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
    • B09BDISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE
    • B09B5/00Operations not covered by a single other subclass or by a single other group in this subclass
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B09DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
    • B09BDISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE
    • B09B2101/00Type of solid waste
    • B09B2101/02Gases or liquids enclosed in discarded articles, e.g. aerosol cans or cooling systems of refrigerators

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of environmental protection, and discloses a method for converting garbage into high-protein biological feed by hermetia illucens, which comprises the following steps: carrying out garbage recovery and sorting treatment on the recovered garbage; performing biological fermentation on the sorted garbage to obtain protein feed; feeding the black soldier fly larvae with the obtained protein feed, and obtaining adult black soldier fly and excrement thereof after the black soldier fly larvae consume the protein feed and related garbage; separating adult hermetia illucens and excrements thereof to obtain the high-protein biological feed. The invention can convert the garbage into the high-protein biological feed, improves the utilization rate of the garbage, reduces pollution, improves the conversion rate of the garbage, simultaneously does not need to carry out excessive treatment on the garbage in advance, simplifies the treatment steps, has more sufficient utilization of the garbage, has low cost and can obtain the high-protein feed with high added value.

Description

Method for converting rubbish into high-protein biological feed by hermetia illucens
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of environmental protection, and particularly relates to a method for converting garbage into high-protein biological feed by hermetia illucens.
Background
At present: in the end of 2019, the population of China exceeds 14 hundred million, and the kitchen garbage yield of China reaches 2.6 million tons per year according to the calculation that the kitchen garbage yield per person is 0.5 kg/person per day. Before garbage classification, kitchen waste is mixed into household garbage and is mainly subjected to incineration and landfill treatment, in recent years, kitchen waste, livestock excrement and household garbage can be continuously treated by a black soldier fly (English name blacksoldier fly) breeding technology, high-value animal protein feed can be produced by the black soldier fly which can eat the kitchen waste, the livestock excrement and the household garbage, and the methane and the compost have obvious advantages compared with the traditional methane and compost produced by anaerobic fermentation due to the characteristics of rapid propagation, large biomass, wide feeding habits, high absorption and conversion rate, easiness in management, low feeding cost, good palatability of animals and the like. Currently, garbage classification is carried out in China, and the treatment technologies of kitchen garbage mainly comprise aerobic composting and anaerobic fermentation to produce methane, but the two treatment technologies have great defects at present, and the resource utilization degree is not high, so that the project operation profitability is poor. The organic matters separated by anaerobic fermentation pretreatment are treated by adopting a landfill or incineration mode basically at present, so that the cost is high, and the waste of resources is great. A large number of studies show that the hermetia illucens has good adaptability to organic matters such as kitchen waste, fruit and vegetable waste and the like, so that the kitchen waste is treated by the hermetia illucens in cooperation with an anaerobic fermentation treatment process, the resource utilization of the kitchen waste can be better realized, the technical level of kitchen waste treatment is improved, and the waste classification work is promoted.
Hermetia illucens are a resource insect widely distributed around the world, and larvae feed on animal waste, rotten organic matter such as carrion, rotten fruits, vegetables and plant garbage in nature. The hermetia illucens larvae can eat kitchen waste, the digestion speed is high, the food intake is large, the kitchen waste can be efficiently converted into self nutrient substances, the larvae and pupae are good feeds for aquatic products, poultry and livestock, and excrement of the larvae can be used as organic fertilizer
Through the above analysis, the problems and defects of the prior art are as follows: the existing method for converting garbage by using hermetia illucens has low conversion rate and complicated process.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a method for converting rubbish into high-protein biological feed by hermetia illucens.
The invention is realized by a method for converting garbage into high-protein biological feed by hermetia illucens, which comprises the following steps:
step one, garbage recovery is carried out, and the recovered garbage is sorted;
step two, performing biological fermentation on the sorted garbage to obtain protein feed;
feeding the black soldier fly larvae with the obtained protein feed, and obtaining adult black soldier fly and excrement thereof after the black soldier fly larvae consume the protein feed and related garbage;
and step four, separating adult hermetia illucens and excrements thereof to obtain the high-protein biological feed.
Further, the garbage is food waste or organic garbage.
Further, in the first step, the garbage sorting processing method includes:
(1) carrying out solid-liquid separation on the recovered garbage, recovering and retreating the liquid garbage obtained by separation, sorting the solid garbage obtained by separation, and removing harmful garbage, non-degradable garbage and other impurities;
(2) deoiling, deodorizing, drying and crushing the sorted solid garbage.
Further, in the step (2), the deoiling of the sorted solid waste includes:
(2.1) soaking the sorted garbage in water for a period of time; stirring the garbage to remove the light plastic garbage floating on the water surface;
(2.2) slowly heating the residual garbage to 60 ℃ and preserving the temperature for a period of time;
and (2.3) slowly heating the garbage to 100 ℃ again, preserving the heat for 60min, and sucking away the floating oil by using a floating oil sucking device to obtain the deoiled solid garbage.
Further, in the step (2), the deodorizing the sorted garbage includes:
uniformly spraying a beneficial bacterium solution deodorant on the deoiled solid garbage, stirring, and irradiating the solid garbage for 20-60 min by using a microwave electrodeless ultraviolet lamp after uniform stirring.
Further, in the second step, the performing biological fermentation on the sorted garbage comprises:
1) selecting a small part of sorted garbage, inoculating a certain amount of Aspergillus niger spore suspension, fully stirring, and performing solid state fermentation at 35 ℃ for 6 days to obtain a starter;
2) adding clear water, a leavening agent and lactobacillus fermentation liquor into the residual sorted garbage, and fermenting for 40 hours at 50 ℃; sterilizing, and drying.
Further, in the step 1), the step of selecting a small part of sorted garbage to inoculate a certain amount of aspergillus niger spore suspension comprises the following steps:
the mass ratio of the garbage to the Aspergillus niger spore suspension is 10: 1; the concentration of the Aspergillus niger spore suspension is 10-10 spores/mL.
Further, in the step 2), the step of adding clear water, a fermentation agent and lactobacillus fermentation liquor into the remaining sorted garbage comprises:
the garbage, clear water, leavening agent and lactobacillus fermentation liquor after sorting treatment are in the following mass ratio: 50: 50: 1.25: 4.
further, in the fourth step, the separating adult hermetia illucens and excrements thereof comprises:
firstly, transferring adult hermetia illucens and excrements thereof in a hermetia illucens breeding box into an open container with a vibrating screen;
secondly, vibrating by using a vibrating screen to primarily separate adult hermetia illucens and excrements thereof;
and finally, placing the container in a closed environment, slowly reducing the oxygen concentration to 5%, inducing the adult hermetia illucens to climb out of the container, and completely separating the adult hermetia illucens and excrement thereof.
Further, the high-protein biological feed is adult hermetia illucens.
By combining all the technical schemes, the invention has the advantages and positive effects that: the method can convert the garbage into the high-protein biological feed, improve the utilization rate of the garbage, reduce pollution, improve the conversion rate of the garbage, simultaneously avoid excessive treatment on the garbage in advance, simplify treatment steps, fully utilize the garbage, have low cost, can obtain the high-protein feed with high added value, does not generate secondary pollution in the preparation process, and can obtain extra economic benefit.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments of the present application will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained from the drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a flow chart of a method for converting hermetia illucens rubbish into high-protein biological feed according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2 is a flowchart of a garbage sorting method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a flow chart of deoiling the sorted solid waste according to the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a flow chart of biological fermentation of sorted garbage according to the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a flow chart of a method for isolating adult hermetia illucens and excreta thereof according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
In view of the problems of the prior art, the present invention provides a method for transforming black soldier fly waste into high protein biological feed, and the present invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, the method for converting the waste into the high-protein biological feed by the hermetia illucens provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises the following steps:
s101, garbage recovery is carried out, and the recovered garbage is sorted;
s102, performing biological fermentation on the sorted garbage to obtain protein feed;
s103, feeding the black soldier fly larvae with the obtained protein feed, and obtaining adult black soldier fly and excrement thereof after the black soldier fly larvae consume the protein feed and related garbage;
s104, separating adult hermetia illucens and excrements thereof to obtain the high-protein biological feed.
The garbage provided by the embodiment of the invention is food garbage or organic garbage.
As shown in fig. 2, in step S101, the garbage sorting processing method provided by the embodiment of the present invention includes:
s201, performing solid-liquid separation on the recovered garbage, recovering and retreating the separated liquid garbage, sorting the separated solid garbage, and removing harmful garbage, non-degradable garbage and other impurities;
s202, deoiling, deodorizing, drying and crushing the sorted solid garbage.
As shown in fig. 3, in step S202, the deoiling of the sorted solid waste according to the embodiment of the present invention includes:
s301, soaking the sorted garbage in water for a period of time; stirring the garbage to remove the light plastic garbage floating on the water surface;
s302, slowly heating the residual garbage to 60 ℃ and preserving heat for a period of time;
and S303, slowly heating the garbage to 100 ℃ again, preserving the heat for 60min, and sucking away the floating oil by using a floating oil sucking device to obtain the deoiled solid garbage.
In step S202, the deodorizing the sorted garbage according to the embodiment of the present invention includes:
uniformly spraying a beneficial bacterium solution deodorant on the deoiled solid garbage, stirring, and irradiating the solid garbage for 20-60 min by using a microwave electrodeless ultraviolet lamp after uniform stirring.
As shown in fig. 4, in step S102, the performing biological fermentation on the sorted garbage according to the embodiment of the present invention includes:
s401, selecting a small part of sorted garbage, inoculating a certain amount of Aspergillus niger spore suspension, fully stirring, and performing solid state fermentation at 35 ℃ for 6 days to obtain a starter;
s402, adding clear water, a leavening agent and lactobacillus fermentation liquor into the remaining sorted garbage, and fermenting for 40 hours at 50 ℃; sterilizing, and drying.
In step S401, the selecting a small portion of sorted garbage to inoculate a certain amount of aspergillus niger spore suspension provided by the embodiment of the present invention includes:
the mass ratio of the garbage to the Aspergillus niger spore suspension is 10: 1; the concentration of the Aspergillus niger spore suspension is 10-10 spores/mL.
In step S402, the adding of clear water, a fermentation agent, and a lactic acid bacteria fermentation solution to the remaining sorted garbage according to the embodiment of the present invention includes:
the garbage, clear water, leavening agent and lactobacillus fermentation liquor after sorting treatment are in the following mass ratio: 50: 50: 1.25: 4.
as shown in fig. 5, in step S104, the method for separating adult hermetia illucens and excreta thereof according to the embodiment of the present invention includes:
s501, transferring adult hermetia illucens and excrements thereof in the hermetia illucens breeding box to an open container with a vibrating screen;
s502, vibrating by using a vibrating screen to primarily separate adult hermetia illucens and excrements thereof;
s503, placing the container in a closed environment, slowly reducing the oxygen concentration to 5%, inducing the adult hermetia illucens to climb out of the container, and completely separating the adult hermetia illucens and excrement thereof.
The high-protein biological feed provided by the embodiment of the invention is adult hermetia illucens.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any modification, equivalent replacement, and improvement made by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention disclosed herein, which is within the spirit and principle of the present invention, should be covered by the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A method for converting hermetia illucens waste into a high-protein biological feed, which comprises the following steps:
step one, garbage recovery is carried out, and the recovered garbage is sorted;
step two, performing biological fermentation on the sorted garbage to obtain protein feed;
feeding the black soldier fly larvae with the obtained protein feed, and obtaining adult black soldier fly and excrement thereof after the black soldier fly larvae consume the protein feed and related garbage;
and step four, separating adult hermetia illucens and excrements thereof to obtain the high-protein biological feed.
2. The method of converting hermetia illucens waste into a high protein biological feed of claim 1, wherein the waste is meal waste or organic waste.
3. The method for converting hermetia illucens waste into high protein biological feed according to claim 1, wherein in step one, the method for sorting and processing the waste comprises:
(1) carrying out solid-liquid separation on the recovered garbage, recovering and retreating the liquid garbage obtained by separation, sorting the solid garbage obtained by separation, and removing harmful garbage, non-degradable garbage and other impurities;
(2) deoiling, deodorizing, drying and crushing the sorted solid garbage.
4. The method for converting hermetia illucens waste into a high protein biological feed as set forth in claim 3, wherein the step (2) of deoiling the sorted solid waste comprises:
(2.1) soaking the sorted garbage in water for a period of time; stirring the garbage to remove the light plastic garbage floating on the water surface;
(2.2) slowly heating the residual garbage to 60 ℃ and preserving the temperature for a period of time;
and (2.3) slowly heating the garbage to 100 ℃ again, preserving the heat for 60min, and sucking away the floating oil by using a floating oil sucking device to obtain the deoiled solid garbage.
5. The method for transforming hermetia illucens waste into a high protein biological feed as set forth in claim 3, wherein the deodorizing the sorted waste in step (2) comprises:
uniformly spraying a beneficial bacterium solution deodorant on the deoiled solid garbage, stirring, and irradiating the solid garbage for 20-60 min by using a microwave electrodeless ultraviolet lamp after uniform stirring.
6. The method for transforming the hermetia illucens waste into the high-protein biological feed as set forth in claim 1, wherein the step two, the step of subjecting the sorted waste to biological fermentation comprises:
1) selecting a small part of sorted garbage, inoculating a certain amount of Aspergillus niger spore suspension, fully stirring, and performing solid state fermentation at 35 ℃ for 6 days to obtain a starter;
2) adding clear water, a leavening agent and lactobacillus fermentation liquor into the residual sorted garbage, and fermenting for 40 hours at 50 ℃; sterilizing, and drying.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein the step 1) of inoculating the selected fraction of sorted waste with a quantity of Aspergillus niger spore suspension comprises:
the mass ratio of the garbage to the Aspergillus niger spore suspension is 10: 1; the concentration of the Aspergillus niger spore suspension is 10-10 spores/mL.
8. The method of claim 6, wherein the step 2) of adding clean water, fermentation agent and lactobacillus fermentation broth to the remaining sorted waste comprises:
the garbage, clear water, leavening agent and lactobacillus fermentation liquor after sorting treatment are in the following mass ratio: 50: 50: 1.25: 4.
9. the method of claim 1, wherein the step four of isolating the adult hermetia illucens and their excreta comprises:
firstly, transferring adult hermetia illucens and excrements thereof in a hermetia illucens breeding box into an open container with a vibrating screen;
secondly, vibrating by using a vibrating screen to primarily separate adult hermetia illucens and excrements thereof;
and finally, placing the container in a closed environment, slowly reducing the oxygen concentration to 5%, inducing the adult hermetia illucens to climb out of the container, and completely separating the adult hermetia illucens and excrement thereof.
10. The method of claim 1, wherein the high protein biological feed is adult hermetia illucens.
CN202011635024.6A 2020-12-31 2020-12-31 Method for converting rubbish into high-protein biological feed by hermetia illucens Pending CN112828008A (en)

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