CN111138034B - Kitchen waste leachate treatment device and use method thereof - Google Patents
Kitchen waste leachate treatment device and use method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111138034B CN111138034B CN202010018952.1A CN202010018952A CN111138034B CN 111138034 B CN111138034 B CN 111138034B CN 202010018952 A CN202010018952 A CN 202010018952A CN 111138034 B CN111138034 B CN 111138034B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F9/00—Multistage treatment of water, waste water or sewage
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K67/00—Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New breeds of animals
- A01K67/033—Rearing or breeding invertebrates; New breeds of invertebrates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F9/00—Fertilisers from household or town refuse
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/34—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering
- H02J7/35—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering with light sensitive cells
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/001—Processes for the treatment of water whereby the filtration technique is of importance
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- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/02—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating
- C02F1/04—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation
- C02F1/14—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation using solar energy
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/06—Contaminated groundwater or leachate
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- C02F2201/00—Apparatus for treatment of water, waste water or sewage
- C02F2201/009—Apparatus with independent power supply, e.g. solar cells, windpower, fuel cells
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2209/00—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
- C02F2209/02—Temperature
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2209/00—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
- C02F2209/22—O2
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/34—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the microorganisms used
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Abstract
The invention provides a kitchen waste leachate treatment device and a using method thereof, wherein a waste liquid tank, a biological treatment layer, a biochemical purification layer and a purification liquid storage tank are arranged in the device from top to bottom; firstly, performing solid-liquid separation on the kitchen waste, feeding the separated percolate into a waste liquid tank, feeding the separated material into a biological treatment layer, and mixing the separated material with a half-cooked fertilizer to culture hermetia illucens; and heating the percolate in the waste liquid tank through an evaporator, and humidifying and heating the material of the biological treatment layer. The cultured insect sand is treated again by mature fertilizer and active carbon to obtain purified water which can be used for cleaning the device. The kitchen waste leachate treatment device can effectively separate kitchen waste leachate and residues, the separated residues are used for culturing hermetia illucens, the leachate is recycled for fumigation and sterilization, the temperature for culturing the hermetia illucens is increased, the nutrient content of culture materials is increased, and the utilization rate of the kitchen waste is greatly improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of garbage treatment, and particularly relates to a kitchen garbage leachate treatment device and a using method thereof.
Background
Kitchen waste (commonly called swill and swill) is a general name of food waste and kitchen waste, the kitchen waste refers to waste and leftover food in daily cooking of residents, wherein the food waste is leftover food and leftover food produced by commercial and public institutions such as restaurants, dining halls and the like, and is generally not suitable for direct composting treatment and returning to fields for utilization due to large salt content and oil content. The mixed kitchen waste is not suitable for direct composting treatment generally, and the existing treatment method is direct landfill or incineration, so that nutrient substances cannot be well utilized, and waste is caused. The kitchen waste contains rich nutrient substances, the novel treatment method is to obtain hermetia illucens protein by treating the kitchen waste through hermetia illucens, but the kitchen waste with high humidity is not suitable for the growth of hermetia illucens, and the kitchen waste is required to be subjected to filter pressing in the early stage and is discharged after being subjected to independent treatment on leachate to reach the standard. The kitchen waste leachate is black in color, complex in components, high in concentration of organic matters and ammonia nitrogen, mainly contains pollutants such as dietary fiber, starch, fat, animal and vegetable oil, various seasonings, protein and the like, is high in treatment cost, and a large amount of high-concentration wastewater cannot be well utilized.
The invention discloses a method for treating kitchen waste sewage by using hermetia illucens, which comprises the following steps: adding powdery water-absorbing plant materials which account for 20-30% of the weight of the sewage into the kitchen waste sewage, and primarily fixing the sewage into the water-absorbing materials; adding the water-absorbing plant material with the uniformly-mixed sewage into a hermetia illucens breeding tray made of gauze materials, and enabling hermetia illucens larvae to eat nutrient substances in the hermetia illucens breeding tray; a fermentation bed is manufactured at the lower part of the culture tray, the fermentation bed is made of conventional plant powder, EM bacteria are regularly sprayed, so that sewage seeped from the culture tray drops on the fermentation bed, and beneficial microorganisms in the fermentation bed degrade nutrient substances in the sewage; a ventilation and exhaust facility is installed in the breeding workshop, the air replacement frequency is not more than 2 hours, and the relative humidity of the inlet air is not more than 80%. The black soldier fly larvae are fed by utilizing the nutrient substances in the sewage, pollution is solved, meanwhile, black soldier fly insect proteins can be produced, and the method has good economic and environmental benefits. However, a large amount of water-absorbing materials and EM bacteria are required to be added, the fermentation environment cannot be well adjusted, the fermentation efficiency of kitchen waste sewage is low, and meanwhile, the hermetia illucens cannot be well managed and cultured into a material rich in protein substances.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects that the existing kitchen waste is difficult to treat, the kitchen waste leachate content is high, and the kitchen waste leachate cannot be effectively utilized, the kitchen waste leachate treatment device and the use method thereof provided by the invention ensure the stability of the environmental conditions of the kitchen waste treated by the hermetia illucens, so that the hermetia illucens grow into high-protein adults to be used for manufacturing organic feed, and the utilization rate of the kitchen waste and the economic benefit of hermetia illucens culture are improved.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a kitchen waste leachate treatment device comprises a body, a solar heat collector arranged at the top of the body, a material inlet and a solar cell panel; the material inlet is arranged at one end of the top of the body, and the other end of the material inlet is respectively provided with a solar heat collector and a solar cell panel which are adjacent; the body is internally provided with a waste liquid tank, a biological treatment layer, a biochemical purification layer and a purified liquid storage tank from top to bottom respectively.
The waste liquid tank is communicated with a lower channel of the material inlet through a filter screen; the bottom in the waste liquid tank is provided with a water filter pipe and a heat pipe water filter pipe which are respectively connected with a water inlet of the evaporator and a first branch pipe of the cleaning pipeline; the heat pipe is connected with the solar heat collector; the material inlet is provided with a drawable baffle in a channel positioned at the lower part of the filter screen, and the baffle is inclined towards the waste liquid tank; the lower end of the material inlet is communicated with the biological treatment layer, and is provided with a placing bin connected with the body, the top surface of the placing bin is inclined, the inclined direction of the inclined direction is consistent with that of the baffle, and an evaporator is arranged in the placing bin.
The biological treatment layer and the biochemical purification layer are separated by a culture disc, and a quartz heating pipe and a first spraying pipeline are arranged at the top of the biological treatment layer; the cultivation disc can be drawn out from one end of the body far away from the material inlet, one end of the cultivation disc positioned at the lower part of the material inlet is erected on the side surface of the placing bin, air inlet grooves are formed in two sides of the cultivation disc, sieve pores penetrating through the disc body are uniformly distributed in the bottom of the cultivation disc, and an observation port and a handle are arranged at one end of the wall body of the body; the quartz heating pipe is connected with the solar cell panel; the first spraying pipeline is respectively connected with the water outlet of the evaporator and the second branch pipe of the cleaning pipeline, and steam outlets are uniformly distributed on the pipe body.
The bottom of the biochemical purification layer is an interlayer, and the lower part of the interlayer is a purified liquid storage tank; one end of the interlayer is connected with the wall body of the air inlet channel, and the other end of the interlayer is connected with the bottom of the storage bin; the interlayer is arranged in a double-layer mode, active carbon is filled in the interlayer, and seepage holes are uniformly distributed in the plate surfaces of the upper layer and the lower layer; the air inlet channel is arranged at the edge of the bottom of the body, the top of the air inlet channel is communicated with the inside of the body through an air inlet, and a ventilation shutter is arranged on one side of the wall body of the body.
One end of the purifying liquid storage tank, which is far away from the air inlet channel, is provided with a water pipe connected to a water suction pump, the water suction pump is connected with a cleaning pipeline, and the cleaning pipeline is provided with a first branch pipe and a second branch pipe; the first branch pipe and the second branch pipe are respectively provided with an electromagnetic valve.
The number of the hermetia illucens put in each cultivation is 3000-5000 pairs per cubic meter. If the feeding density in the breeding room is too low, the breeding room cannot be fully utilized, resource waste can be caused, if the feeding density in the breeding room is too high, indoor hypoxia and limitation of activity space of adult hermetia illucens can be caused, and therefore hermetia illucens larvae are thrown into the breeding room according to the number of 3000-5000 pairs per cubic meter.
The operation principle of the device of the invention is as follows:
after the kitchen waste is separated through filter pressing, the kitchen waste after water filtration enters the breeding disc, and leachate enters a waste water tank on the upper portion of the body. The heat pipe is used for preheating the percolate, so that the heating energy consumption of the evaporator is reduced, the water filtering pipe is used for preliminarily separating the percolate, the impurity content of the percolate entering the evaporator is low, the evaporator cannot be blocked, and meanwhile, the water filtering pipe is suitable for culturing hermetia illucens; then heating the percolate through an evaporator, spraying the filtered kitchen waste by using the heated percolate to enable the water content and the temperature of the kitchen waste to quickly rise to reach the range suitable for culturing the hermetia illucens, and then mixing the kitchen waste with a half-cooked fertilizer to obtain the worm sand for culturing the hermetia illucens larvae; the leachate is heated by the evaporator and sprayed into the insect sand, the water content and the temperature of the insect sand are improved, the insect sand is kept at the temperature and the water content suitable for the cultivation of the black soldier fly, the sprayed leachate contains rich grease, the growth speed of the cultivated black soldier fly can be fast, the protein content is high, and the cultivation efficiency is improved.
After the black soldier fly after cultivateing kills through quartz heating pipe and high-temperature steam, the layer is purified to biochemistry through the small aperture sieve mesh sifting out of breeding the set bottom to the worm sand, and the black soldier fly can not pass through the sieve mesh to reach the purpose of separation black soldier fly and worm sand, convenient and fast.
The wormhole is in biochemical purification layer continuation and the fertile mixture of the maturity of packing carry out filtration liquid biological purification, then further purifies through the biochar, and the purified water that obtains just can reach emission standard, and the purified water drips in the purifying liquid hold up tank of bottom, can be used to wash this internal each part to reach cyclic utilization kitchen filtration liquid's purpose.
Oxygen in the culture process is supplemented through air, air outside the device can enter the device by opening an air inlet channel at the bottom of the device, and meanwhile, the ventilation shutter can be used for containing peculiar smell in the device to scatter out, and can also prevent impurities from entering the air inlet channel to cause blockage.
As a further improvement of the kitchen waste leachate treatment device, a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, an oxygen sensor and an infrared sensor are also arranged in the body; the temperature sensor is arranged on the first spraying pipeline; the humidity sensor is arranged in the culture tray; the oxygen sensor is arranged at the air inlet; the infrared sensor is arranged on the upper part of the breeding tray.
The temperature sensor is used for monitoring the temperature in the device and ensuring the accuracy of the culture temperature and the fumigation temperature; the humidity sensor is used for monitoring the water content of the insect sand in the culture disc and ensuring the stability of the culture environment of the hermetia illucens; the oxygen sensor is used to monitor the oxygen content in the device and to replenish air in time. Utilize sensor monitoring whole device each item parameter at heisui river horsefly culture in-process, guaranteed heisui river horsefly cultured stable system, improved and cultivateed efficiency to improve parameter landfill leachate separation efficiency.
As a further improvement of the kitchen waste leachate treatment device, the diameter of the sieve pore at the bottom of the culture tray is 4-5 mm.
The sieve pores can only allow the excrementum to pass through but not the hermetia illucens body to pass through, so that the hermetia illucens body and the excrementum can be conveniently separated.
As a further improvement of the kitchen waste leachate treatment device, an air inlet penetrating through the plate body is arranged in the air inlet groove of the culture plate, a layer of grid is arranged in the culture plate, and the bottom of the culture plate is provided with an extractable insertion plate.
The net separates and can make the kitchen garbage after the drainage fluffier in breeding the dish, then the air gets into from the inlet channel of body bottom, permeates to breeding the dish through inlet air recess and air inlet in, has improved the area in the dish is bred in the air infiltration, improves the oxygen content of wormhole to improve breeding efficiency. The drawing plate can prevent the sand worm from dropping into the biochemical purification layer in the process of cultivation, influences the culture effect of the black soldier fly, and the inserting plate is drawn out again when the sand worm needs to be separated, so that the sieve holes of the culture plate are communicated, the sand worm can be screened out to separate the black soldier fly body, and the efficiency of separating the sand worm and the black soldier fly is improved.
As a further improvement of the kitchen waste leachate treatment device, the left and right biological treatment layers are divided into a culture area and a separation area which are separated by a partition plate in the middle, and the separation area is provided with a separation roller; the separation roller is connected with the partition plate and the motor through a rotating shaft to rotate, the feeding end of the separation roller is arranged at the lower part of the inclined plane of the placing bin, and the discharging end of the separation roller is arranged at the lower part of the partition plate and is positioned at the upper part of the culture tray; through holes are uniformly distributed on the wall of the separation roller, and helical blades are arranged on the rotating shaft along the axial direction of the rotating shaft; the motor is arranged at the upper part in the placing bin.
The kitchen waste after water filtration is turned over by the separating roller to be fluffy and uniform, and then the percolate is heated by the evaporator to be sprayed, so that the kitchen waste after water filtration can be more uniform and mixed with the percolate after heating. The through-hole aperture of separation cylinder is 1 ~ 3mm, can prevent that the kitchen garbage after the drainage from dropping in the through-hole, and the filtration liquid that flows through the through-hole directly drips on the interlayer of separation cylinder lower part, through ripe fertile processing back through the intraformational active carbon filtration of interlayer, reaches purifying effect, flows into in the purifying liquid hold up tank at last.
As a further improvement of the kitchen waste leachate treatment device, the lower part of the separation roller is also provided with a second evaporator which is arranged at the lower part of one end of the cultivation disc close to the separation roller; the liquid outlet of the second evaporator is connected with a second spraying pipeline at the top of the biological treatment layer, and the liquid inlet is connected with a strainer in the waste liquid tank.
The second evaporator is used for heating the percolate in the waste liquid tank, and then sprays the worm sand through a second spraying pipeline to perform secondary water supplement, so that the water content and the culture temperature of the worm sand are improved.
Meanwhile, the invention also provides a using method of the kitchen waste leachate treatment device, which comprises the following steps:
s1: pouring kitchen waste through a material inlet, extruding the kitchen waste through a pressing plate, and enabling percolate to flow into a waste liquid tank through a filter screen to obtain the kitchen waste after water filtration; and then the baffle plate is drawn out to enable the kitchen waste after water filtration to fall onto the inclined plane of the placing bin and enter the culture tray in the biological treatment layer.
S2: and heating the percolate in the waste liquid tank to 25-35 ℃ through an evaporator, and then spraying the filtered kitchen waste in the biological treatment layer with the heated percolate through a first spraying pipeline to obtain the pretreated residues.
S3: filling semi-cooked fertilizer in the culture tray through an observation port of the culture tray, uniformly mixing with the pretreatment residues, and paving to obtain the insect sand, then heating the percolate in the waste liquid tank to 25-35 ℃ through an evaporator or a second evaporator, spraying the percolate onto the insect sand through a first spraying pipeline or a second spraying pipeline to control the water content of the insect sand to be 70% -80%, and finally inoculating black soldier fly larvae on the culture tray through the observation port for culture.
S4: open ventilation tripe and make the air enter into the biological treatment layer, treat that the heisui river horsefly larva cultivates to the stage of pupating in advance after, stop spraying filtration liquid, open quartz heating pipe and shine 24h, detect heisui river horsefly live insect quantity on the breed dish through infrared sensor, when being less than 10, take out the picture peg of breeding the portion of trying to get to the heart of a matter, make the interior worm's sand of dish pass through the sieve mesh and drop to biochemical purification in situ, then pack the heisui river horsefly in the dish and collect, supply new half-done fertile and heisui river horsefly larva and continue to cultivate.
S5: drop to the worm sand and the fertile mixture of maturity in the biochemical purification layer, after the fertile biological treatment of maturity, the active carbon that filtration liquid in the worm sand filled through the interlayer carries out further processing, then drips to the purifying liquid hold up tank of bottom, and the purified water accessible suction pump in the purifying liquid hold up tank is carried to the washing pipeline and is washd body inside.
The application method of the kitchen waste leachate treatment device is further improved, and the semi-cooked fertilizer is obtained by composting kitchen waste and/or garden waste for 20-30 days; the mature fertilizer is obtained by composting kitchen waste and/or garden waste for 50-60 days.
The semi-mature fertilizer and the mature fertilizer contain abundant probiotics, and can promote the growth of hermetia illucens and further decompose organic matters and percolate of the insect sand.
As a further improvement of the using method of the kitchen waste leachate treatment device, the using amount ratio of mature fertilizer, insect sand and active carbon in the biochemical purification layer is 2:2:1, and the thickness of the filler after the mature fertilizer and the insect sand are mixed is 30-40 cm.
The using amount of the mature fertilizer is the same as that of the insect sand, so that the situation that the strains in the mature fertilizer can not decompose the organic matters in the insect sand to the maximum extent due to a small amount or excessive amount of the insect sand is avoided. The activated carbon is used for purifying percolate in decomposed insect sand, mainly adsorbs particles and removes peculiar smell, the use amount is too large, so that the interlayer blocks the percolate, the percolate cannot be well filtered, and the use amount is too small, so that the purification effect cannot be achieved.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the device can realize the simultaneous separation of the kitchen waste leachate and the culture of the hermetia illucens, and simultaneously obtains a high-protein hermetia illucens product by utilizing the separated leachate and performing culture and purification treatment on the hermetia illucens, and the obtained purification liquid can be used for self-purification in equipment, so that the utilization rate of the kitchen waste is improved.
2. According to the device, the kitchen waste leachate obtained through separation is utilized, materials in the biological treatment layer are sprayed after being heated by solar energy, and the materials mixed with the semi-mature fertilizer can reach the culture temperature and the water content of the hermetia illucens more quickly, so that the growth speed of hermetia illucens larvae is increased, and the breeding efficiency is further improved.
3. According to the invention, the culture temperature, humidity and ventilation of the culture area are adjusted in time by controlling the environment control system, so that the culture conditions of the hermetia illucens are well controlled and adjusted, and the controllability of the culture environment of the hermetia illucens is improved.
4. According to the invention, the kitchen waste leachate is purified by combining the hermetia illucens treatment and the active carbon treatment, the obtained purified water meets the discharge standard, and is used for cleaning the device, and the kitchen waste after water filtration can be fumigated and sterilized, so that the kitchen waste leachate is effectively recycled, and the utilization rate of the kitchen waste leachate is greatly improved.
5. According to the invention, by utilizing the characteristics of light and heat avoidance of the hermetia illucens and utilizing the light radiation of the quartz heating pipe to heat and illuminate, the cultured hermetia illucens are killed, and meanwhile, the cultured insect sand is dried, so that the insect sand can better fall into a biochemical purification layer from a sieve hole of a culture disc, and the separation efficiency of the hermetia illucens and the insect sand is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the apparatus of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional structure of the device of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing the structure of the barrier layer of the device of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a cultivation tray according to embodiment 1 of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a cultivation tray according to embodiment 2 of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a cultivation tray according to embodiment 2 of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a schematic view of a connection structure of the insertion plates of the cultivation tray according to embodiment 2 of the present invention.
FIG. 8 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the apparatus according to example 3.
Reference numerals: 1-body, 2-solar heat collector, 3-material inlet, 4-waste liquid tank, 5-biological treatment layer, 6-biochemical purification layer, 7-air inlet channel, 8-active carbon, 9-purification liquid storage tank, 10-first spraying pipeline, 11-baffle, 12-storage bin, 13-infiltration hole, 14-evaporator, 15-water filtering pipe, 16-heat pipe, 17-culture tray, 1701-air inlet groove, 1702-air inlet, 1703-observation port, 1704-handle, 1705-grid, 1706-sieve hole, 1707-plug board, 18-water pump, 19-quartz heating pipe, 20-cleaning pipeline, 21-first branch pipe, 22-second branch pipe, 23-ventilation louver, 24-solar panel, 25-air inlet, 26-interlayer, 27-water pipe, 28-filter screen, 29-electromagnetic valve, 30-motor, 31-separation roller, 32-helical blade, 33-through hole, 34-clapboard, 35-second spraying pipeline and 36-second evaporator.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further explained with reference to the drawings.
Example 1
The kitchen waste leachate treatment device shown in fig. 1-2 comprises a body 1, a solar heat collector 2 arranged at the top of the body 1, a material inlet 3 and a solar cell panel 24; the material inlet 3 is arranged at one end of the top of the body 1, and the other end of the material inlet is respectively provided with the adjacent solar heat collector 2 and the solar cell panel 24; the interior of the body 1 is respectively provided with a waste liquid tank 4, a biological treatment layer 5, a biochemical purification layer 6 and a purified liquid storage tank 9 from top to bottom, as shown in figure 2.
The waste liquid tank 4 is communicated with a channel at the lower part of the material inlet 3 through a filter screen 28; a water filtering pipe 15 and a heat pipe 16 are arranged at the bottom in the waste liquid tank 4, and the water filtering pipe 15 is respectively connected with a water inlet of the evaporator 14 and a first branch pipe 21 of the cleaning pipeline 20; the heat pipe 16 is connected with the solar heat collector 2; the material inlet 3 is provided with a drawable baffle 11 in a channel at the lower part of the filter screen 28, and the baffle 11 inclines towards the waste liquid tank 4; the lower end of the material inlet 3 is communicated with the biological treatment layer 5, and is provided with a placing bin 12 connected with the body 1, the top surface of the placing bin 12 is inclined, the inclined direction is consistent with that of the baffle plate 11, and an evaporator 14 is arranged in the placing bin 12.
The biological treatment layer 5 and the biochemical purification layer 6 are separated by a culture disc 17, and a quartz heating pipe 19 and a first spraying pipeline 10 are arranged at the top of the biological treatment layer 5; the cultivation tray 17 can be drawn out from one end of the body 1 far away from the material inlet 3, one end of the cultivation tray located at the lower part of the material inlet 3 is erected on the side surface of the placing bin 12, air inlet grooves 1701 are formed in two sides of the cultivation tray, sieve holes 1706 with the diameter of 4-5 mm penetrating through the tray body are uniformly distributed in the bottom of the cultivation tray, and an observation port 1703 and a handle 1704 are formed in one end of the wall body of the body 1, as shown in fig. 4; the quartz heating pipe 19 is connected with a solar panel 24; the first spraying pipeline 10 is respectively connected with the water outlet of the evaporator 14 and the second branch pipe 22 of the cleaning pipeline 20, and steam outlets are distributed on the pipe body.
The bottom of the biochemical purification layer 6 is an interlayer 26, and the lower part of the interlayer 26 is a purified liquid storage tank 9; one end of the interlayer 26 is connected with the wall body of the air inlet channel 7, and the other end is connected with the bottom of the placing bin 12; the interlayer 26 is arranged in a double-layer mode, the middle of the interlayer is filled with active carbon 8, and the surface of the upper layer and the lower layer is uniformly distributed with infiltration holes 13, as shown in figure 3; the air inlet channel 7 is arranged at the bottom edge of the body 1, the top of the air inlet channel is communicated with the inside of the body 1 through an air inlet hole 25, and a ventilation louver 23 is arranged on one side of the wall body of the body 1.
A water pipe 27 is arranged at one end of the purifying liquid storage tank 9 far away from the air inlet channel 7 and connected to a water suction pump 18, the water suction pump 18 is connected with a cleaning pipeline 20, and a first branch pipe 21 and a second branch pipe 22 are arranged on the cleaning pipeline 20; the first branch pipe 21 and the second branch pipe 22 are provided with electromagnetic valves 29.
A temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, an oxygen sensor and an infrared sensor are also arranged in the body 1; the temperature sensor is arranged on the first spraying pipeline 10; the humidity sensor is arranged in the culture tray 17; the oxygen sensor is arranged at the air inlet 25; the infrared sensor is arranged on the upper part of the breeding tray 17.
The using method of the kitchen waste leachate treatment device comprises the following steps:
s1: pouring 20 kg of kitchen waste through the material inlet 3, extruding the kitchen waste through the pressing plate, and enabling percolate to flow into the waste liquid tank 4 through the filter screen 28 to obtain the kitchen waste after water filtration; then the baffle 11 is drawn out to enable the kitchen waste after water filtration to fall on the inclined surface of the placing bin (12) and enter the culture tray 17 in the biological treatment layer 5;
s2: heating the percolate in the waste liquid tank 4 to 25-35 ℃ through an evaporator 14, and then spraying the filtered kitchen waste in the biological treatment layer 5 with the heated percolate through a first spraying pipeline 10 to obtain a pretreatment residue;
s3: filling semi-cooked fertilizer in the culture tray 17 through an observation port 1703 of the culture tray 17, uniformly mixing with the pretreated residues, and paving to obtain the worm sand, then heating the percolate in the waste liquid tank 4 to 25-30 ℃ through an evaporator 14, spraying the percolate onto the worm sand through a first spraying pipeline 10 to control the water content of the worm sand to be 70-80%, and finally inoculating black soldier fly larvae on the culture tray 17 through the observation port 1703 for culture; the semi-cooked fertilizer is obtained by composting kitchen waste for 20-30 days.
S4: open ventilation tripe 23 and make the air intake into in the biological treatment layer 5, treat that the heisui river horsefly larva cultivates to the stage of pupating in advance, stop spraying filtration liquid, open quartz heating pipe 19 and shine 24h, survey heisui river horsefly live insect quantity on breeding the dish 17 through infrared sensor, when being less than 10, wave and breed dish 17 and make the interior worm's of dish sand drop to biochemical purification layer 6 in through sieve mesh 1706, then pack the heisui river horsefly in the dish and collect, supply new half done fertilizer and heisui river horsefly larva and continue to cultivate.
S5: the wormhead dropped into the biochemical purification layer 6 is mixed with mature fertilizer, after the biological treatment of the mature fertilizer, the leachate in the wormhead is further treated by the activated carbon filled in the interlayer 26 and then dropped into the purification liquid storage tank 9 at the bottom layer, and the purified water in the purification liquid storage tank 9 can be conveyed to the cleaning pipeline 20 through the water pump 18 to clean the interior of the body 1; the mature fertilizer is obtained by composting kitchen garbage for 50-60 days.
The using amount ratio of mature fertilizer, insect sand and active carbon of the biochemical purification layer 6 is 2:2:1, the thickness of the filler after the mature fertilizer and the insect sand are mixed is 30-40 cm.
Example 2
Compared with embodiment 1, the kitchen waste leachate treatment device of the embodiment is different in that:
The grid 1705 can enable the insect sand in the breeding disc 17 to be fluffy, so that air can enter the insect sand through the air inlet 1702, and the breeding efficiency of the hermetia illucens is improved; the insert plate 1707 can prevent the insect sand from falling into the sieve holes 1706 during the process of culturing the hermetia illucens.
In the using method of the device of this embodiment, the method for separating the insect sand and the black soldier fly in step S4 includes: after the plugboard 1707 at the bottom of the breeding tray 17 is drawn out, the breeding tray 17 is shaken to enable the insect sand in the tray to fall into the biochemical purification layer 6 through the sieve holes 1706, then the hermetia illucens in the tray are packed and collected, and new half-done fertilizer and hermetia illucens larvae are supplemented to continue to be cultured.
Example 3
Compared with the embodiment 2, the kitchen waste leachate treatment device of the embodiment is different in that:
the biological treatment layer 5 is divided into a culture area and a separation area at the left and the right as shown in fig. 8, and is separated by a clapboard 34 at the middle part, and the separation area is provided with a separation roller 31; the separation roller 31 is connected with the partition board 34 and the motor 30 through a rotating shaft to rotate, the feeding end of the separation roller 8 is arranged at the lower part of the inclined plane of the placing bin 12, and the discharging end is arranged at the lower part of the partition board 34 and is positioned at the upper part of the breeding disc 17; through holes 33 are uniformly distributed on the wall of the separation roller 8, and helical blades 32 are arranged on the rotating shaft along the axial direction of the rotating shaft; the motor 30 is arranged at the upper part in the placing bin 12.
The lower part of the separation roller 31 is also provided with a second evaporator 36 which is arranged at the lower part of one end of the cultivation disc 17 close to the separation roller 31; the liquid outlet of the second evaporator 36 is connected with the second spraying pipeline 35 at the top of the biological treatment layer 5, and the liquid inlet is connected with the water filtering pipe 15 in the waste liquid tank 4.
In the using method of the device of the embodiment, in the step S2, the leachate in the waste liquid tank 4 is heated to 25-35 ℃ by the evaporator 14, and then the heated leachate is sprayed on the kitchen waste after water filtration in the separation roller 31 by the first spraying pipeline 10, so as to obtain the pretreatment residue; step S3, the leachate in the waste liquid tank 4 is heated to 25-35 ℃ through the second evaporator 36, and is sprayed onto the insect sand through the second spraying pipeline 35, so that the moisture content of the insect sand is controlled to 70% -80%, and finally the black soldier fly larvae are inoculated on the culture tray 17 through the observation port 1703 for culture.
The above embodiments are only exemplary embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is defined by the claims. Various modifications and equivalents may be made thereto by those skilled in the art within the spirit and scope of the present invention, and such modifications and equivalents should be considered as falling within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides a kitchen garbage filtration liquid processing apparatus which characterized in that: comprises a body (1), a solar heat collector (2) arranged at the top of the body (1), a material inlet (3) and a solar panel (24); the material inlet (3) is arranged at one end of the top of the body (1), and the other end of the material inlet is respectively provided with the adjacent solar heat collector (2) and the solar cell panel (24); the inside of the body (1) is respectively provided with a waste liquid tank (4), a biological treatment layer (5), a biochemical purification layer (6) and a purified liquid storage tank (9) from top to bottom;
the waste liquid tank (4) is communicated with a channel at the lower part of the material inlet (3) through a filter screen (28); a water filter pipe (15) and a heat pipe (16) are arranged at the bottom in the waste liquid tank (4), and the water filter pipe (15) is respectively connected with a water inlet of the evaporator (14) and a first branch pipe (21) of the cleaning pipeline (20); the heat pipe (16) is connected with the solar heat collector (2); the material inlet (3) is provided with a retractable baffle (11) in a channel positioned at the lower part of the filter screen (28), and the baffle (11) inclines towards the waste liquid tank (4); the lower end of the material inlet (3) is communicated with the biological treatment layer (5), and is provided with a placing bin (12) connected with the body (1), the top surface of the placing bin (12) is inclined, the inclined direction is consistent with the inclined direction of the baffle plate (11), and an evaporator (14) is arranged in the placing bin (12);
the biological treatment layer (5) and the biochemical purification layer (6) are separated by a culture disc (17), and a quartz heating pipe (19) and a first spraying pipeline (10) are arranged at the top of the biological treatment layer (5); the breeding tray (17) can be drawn out from one end of the body (1) far away from the material inlet (3), one end of the breeding tray positioned at the lower part of the material inlet (3) is erected on the side surface of the placing bin (12), air inlet grooves (1701) are arranged at two sides of the breeding tray, sieve holes (1706) penetrating through the tray body are uniformly distributed at the bottom of the breeding tray, and an observation port (1703) and a handle (1704) are arranged at one end of a wall body of the body (1); the quartz heating pipe (19) is connected with a solar panel (24); the first spraying pipeline (10) is respectively connected with a water outlet of the evaporator (14) and a second branch pipe (22) of the cleaning pipeline (20), and steam outlets are distributed on the pipe body;
an air inlet (1702) penetrating through the plate body is arranged in an air inlet groove (1701) of the breeding plate (17), a layer of grid net (1705) is arranged in the breeding plate (17), and an inserting plate (1707) capable of being pulled out is arranged at the bottom of the breeding plate;
the left and the right of the biological treatment layer (5) are divided into a culture area and a separation area which are separated by a clapboard (34) in the middle, and the separation area is provided with a separation roller (31); the separation roller (31) is connected with the partition board (34) and the motor (30) through a rotating shaft to rotate, the feeding end of the separation roller (31) is arranged at the lower part of the inclined plane of the placing bin (12), and the discharging end is arranged at the lower part of the partition board (34) and is positioned at the upper part of the culture tray (17); through holes (33) are uniformly distributed on the wall of the separation roller (31), and a helical blade (32) is arranged on the rotating shaft along the axial direction of the rotating shaft; the motor (30) is arranged at the upper part in the placing bin (12);
the bottom of the biochemical purification layer (6) is an interlayer (26), and the lower part of the interlayer (26) is a purified liquid storage tank (9); one end of the interlayer (26) is connected with the wall body of the air inlet channel (7), and the other end is connected with the bottom of the placing bin (12); the interlayer (26) is arranged in a double-layer mode, active carbon (8) is filled in the interlayer, and seepage holes (13) are uniformly distributed on the plate surfaces of the upper layer and the lower layer; the air inlet channel (7) is arranged at the bottom edge of the body (1), the top of the air inlet channel is communicated with the inside of the body (1) through an air inlet hole (25), and a ventilation louver (23) is arranged on one side of the wall body of the body (1);
a water pipe (27) is arranged at one end, far away from the air inlet channel (7), of the purified liquid storage tank (9) and connected to a water suction pump (18), the water suction pump (18) is connected with a cleaning pipeline (20), and a first branch pipe (21) and a second branch pipe (22) are arranged on the cleaning pipeline (20); the first branch pipe (21) and the second branch pipe (22) are provided with electromagnetic valves (29).
2. The kitchen waste leachate treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the body (1) is also internally provided with a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, an oxygen sensor and an infrared sensor; the temperature sensor is arranged on the first spraying pipeline (10); the humidity sensor is arranged in the culture tray (17); the oxygen sensor is arranged at the air inlet (25); the infrared sensor is arranged on the upper part of the culture tray (17).
3. The kitchen waste leachate treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the diameter of the sieve holes at the bottom of the culture tray (17) is 4-5 mm.
4. The kitchen waste leachate treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the lower part of the separation roller (31) is also provided with a second evaporator (36) which is arranged at the lower part of one end of the cultivation disc (17) close to the separation roller (31); the liquid outlet of the second evaporator (36) is connected with a second spraying pipeline (35) at the top of the biological treatment layer (5), and the liquid inlet is connected with a strainer (15) in the waste liquid tank (4).
5. The use method of the kitchen waste leachate treatment device according to any of claims 1 to 4, comprising the following steps:
s1: pouring kitchen waste through a material inlet (3), extruding the kitchen waste through a pressing plate, and enabling percolate to flow into a waste liquid tank (4) through a filter screen (28) to obtain the kitchen waste after water filtration; then the baffle (11) is drawn out to enable the kitchen waste after water filtration to fall on the inclined surface of the placing bin (12) and enter a culture tray (17) in the biological treatment layer (5);
s2: heating the percolate in the waste liquid tank (4) to 25-35 ℃ through an evaporator (14), and then spraying the filtered kitchen waste in the biological treatment layer (5) with the heated percolate through a first spraying pipeline (10) to obtain pretreated residues;
s3: filling half-cooked fertilizers in the culture tray (17) through an observation port (1703) of the culture tray (17) and uniformly mixing and paving the pretreated residues to obtain the insect sand, then heating percolate in the waste liquid tank (4) to 25-35 ℃ through an evaporator (14) or a second evaporator (36), spraying the percolate onto the insect sand through a first spraying pipeline (10) or a second spraying pipeline (35) to control the water content of the insect sand to be 70% -80%, and finally inoculating black soldier fly larvae on the culture tray (17) through the observation port (1703) for culture;
s4: opening the ventilation shutter (23) to enable air to enter the biological treatment layer (5), after the black soldier fly larvae are cultured to a prepupa stage, opening a quartz heating pipe (19) to irradiate for 24 hours, detecting the number of the black soldier fly live insects on the culture disc (17) through an infrared sensor, when the number of the black soldier fly live insects is less than 10, drawing out an inserting plate (1707) at the bottom of the culture disc (17), enabling the sand worms in the disc to fall into a biochemical purification layer (6) through a sieve hole (1706), then packaging and collecting the black soldier fly larvae in the disc, and supplementing new half-cooked fertilizer and the black soldier fly larvae to continue culturing;
s5: drop to the worm's sand and the fertile mixture of maturity in biochemical purification layer (6), after the fertile biological treatment of maturity, the filtration liquid in the worm's sand carries out further processing through the active carbon of interlayer (26) intussuseption, then drips to the purifying liquid hold up tank (9) of bottom, and the purified water accessible suction pump (18) in purifying liquid hold up tank (9) are carried to washing pipeline (20) and are washd body (1) inside.
6. The use method of the kitchen waste leachate treatment device according to claim 5, characterized in that: the semi-cooked fertilizer is obtained by composting kitchen waste and/or garden waste for 20-30 days; the mature fertilizer is obtained by composting kitchen waste and/or garden waste for 50-60 days.
7. The use method of the kitchen waste leachate treatment device according to claim 5, characterized in that: the using amount ratio of the mature fertilizer, the insect sand and the active carbon of the biochemical purification layer (6) is 2:2:1, and the thickness of the filler formed by mixing the mature fertilizer and the insect sand is 30-40 cm.
Priority Applications (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010018952.1A CN111138034B (en) | 2020-01-08 | 2020-01-08 | Kitchen waste leachate treatment device and use method thereof |
| PCT/CN2020/078695 WO2021139000A1 (en) | 2020-01-08 | 2020-03-11 | Kitchen waste leachate treatment device and usage method therefor |
| ZA2020/02697A ZA202002697B (en) | 2020-01-08 | 2020-05-12 | Device of treating kitchen waste leachate and method of use thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202010018952.1A CN111138034B (en) | 2020-01-08 | 2020-01-08 | Kitchen waste leachate treatment device and use method thereof |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN111138034A CN111138034A (en) | 2020-05-12 |
| CN111138034B true CN111138034B (en) | 2021-07-13 |
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| CN202010018952.1A Active CN111138034B (en) | 2020-01-08 | 2020-01-08 | Kitchen waste leachate treatment device and use method thereof |
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| CN (1) | CN111138034B (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2021139000A1 (en) |
| ZA (1) | ZA202002697B (en) |
Families Citing this family (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN111903621B (en) * | 2020-08-14 | 2022-03-11 | 四川汇达通机械设备制造有限公司 | Method for degrading kitchen waste by using hermetia illucens |
| CN111903620B (en) * | 2020-08-14 | 2021-11-30 | 四川汇达通机械设备制造有限公司 | Utilize heisui river horsefly to degrade device of rubbish from cooking |
| CN112243956A (en) * | 2020-09-29 | 2021-01-22 | 北京弘控生态环境有限公司 | Method for treating perishable landfill leachate by using hermetia illucens |
| CN112335611A (en) * | 2020-11-05 | 2021-02-09 | 重庆市环卫集团有限公司 | Black soldier fly trapping and spawning method |
| CN112931421B (en) * | 2021-03-17 | 2023-05-23 | 河南迈安达生物安全技术有限公司 | High-density insect feeding mechanism, device and system thereof |
| CN114804520A (en) * | 2022-04-22 | 2022-07-29 | 李攀 | Efficient treatment method for landfill leachate |
| CN114850192B (en) * | 2022-05-07 | 2023-10-03 | 江苏科泰生态农业科技有限公司 | Multi-source organic solid waste mobile iterative bioconversion equipment |
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| CN111138034A (en) | 2020-05-12 |
| WO2021139000A1 (en) | 2021-07-15 |
| ZA202002697B (en) | 2020-09-30 |
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