CN107667986B - Intensive ecological breeding system and breeding method - Google Patents
Intensive ecological breeding system and breeding method Download PDFInfo
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- CN107667986B CN107667986B CN201710932576.5A CN201710932576A CN107667986B CN 107667986 B CN107667986 B CN 107667986B CN 201710932576 A CN201710932576 A CN 201710932576A CN 107667986 B CN107667986 B CN 107667986B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K67/00—Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New or modified breeds of animals
- A01K67/033—Rearing or breeding invertebrates; New breeds of invertebrates
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/20—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin
- A23K10/26—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin from waste material, e.g. feathers, bones or skin
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/90—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for insects, e.g. bees or silkworms
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
- B07B1/00—Sieving, screening, sifting, or sorting solid materials using networks, gratings, grids, or the like
- B07B1/28—Moving screens not otherwise provided for, e.g. swinging, reciprocating, rocking, tilting or wobbling screens
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
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Abstract
An intensive ecological breeding system and method comprises feces flowing into a collecting tank (12); the conveying pump (13) conveys the excrement in the collecting tank (12) into the filter press (14), and the filter residues are conveyed into the storage tower (4) after being dispersed; the feeding vehicle (2) runs below the storage tower (4); discharging livestock manure into a feeding vehicle (2); the right-angle reversing mechanism (1) transfers the feeding vehicle (2) to a first track (7) for running; the feeding vehicle (2) finishes material distribution; inoculating hermetia illucens larvae after distributing; transferring the material collecting vehicle (3) to first tracks (7) at two sides of the insect raising groove (10) for running, and collecting the mixture of the hermetia illucens and the insect sand by the material collecting vehicle (3); the material collecting vehicle (3) runs to the side of the sorting sieve (5) on the second track (8); delivering the hermetia illucens and sand mixture in the material collecting vehicle (3) to a feed inlet of a sorting sieve (5); the sorting screen (5) separates the collected mixture of hermetia illucens and sand.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of resources and environmental protection, in particular to an intensive ecological breeding system and an intensive ecological breeding method.
Background
With the development of social economy and the adjustment and optimization of rural industrial structures, the breeding industries mainly including live pigs, poultry, cattle and the like rapidly develop, the large-scale and intensive breeding scale is continuously enlarged, the traditional decentralized breeding is gradually replaced, and the method has become a necessary trend of the development of animal husbandry. In recent years, the livestock industry in China develops rapidly, and the breeding industry becomes an important way for agricultural synergy and income increase of farmers. However, with the development of the livestock industry, a large amount of breeding excrement causes pollution to the environment, and the breeding excrement and sewage have the influence on the pollution to the environment and the sustainable development of the breeding excrement and sewage, become the main factors which currently restrict the healthy development of the livestock industry, threaten the safety of livestock products, treat the pollution, protect and improve the ecological environment, and promote the sustainable development of the livestock breeding industry, thus becoming urgent for the environmental protection of new century agriculture.
The hermetia illucens is a hermetia illucens of hermetia of the family dipteraceae, and is distributed in tropical and temperate regions, and feeding behavior only occurs in larval stages. The larva is ying and rotting, has a very wide feeding range, can take rotten plants, kitchen waste and animal carcasses as raw materials, and is an important link of a natural food chain. The most common treatment method for livestock manure in the current farm is composting treatment, which requires longer time and has lower recycling efficiency. The existing report that the hermetia illucens larvae are used as an economic and environment-friendly biological treatment medium to treat the livestock manure, so that the physicochemical property of the livestock manure is improved, pathogenic bacteria and parasites in the livestock manure are killed, and the livestock manure is directly converted into an organic fertilizer. The black soldier fly converts organic substances in the livestock and poultry feces into self-nutrition substances, can be directly used for raising chickens, ducks, frogs and the like, and can also be used as a feed protein source for chickens, pigs and the like after being dried, so that ecological cycle agriculture is formed, and win-win situation of economic, environmental and social benefits is realized.
CN106316485a in 2017, 01 and 11 discloses a new harmless treatment method for the manure, which is to perform biogas anaerobic fermentation on the manure, and then perform solid-liquid coexisting two-step fermentation process to prepare the efficient bio-organic fertilizer. The method has high construction investment cost, high operation cost and poor economic performance, and is difficult to bear in most farms.
Chinese patent publication No. CN104844288A discloses a method for preparing an organic fertilizer by treating cow dung with black soldier flies, dewatering cow dung with a dehydrator, adding swill or kitchen waste with the mass of 10-15%, adding lactobacillus dry powder with the mass of 0.1% for fermentation treatment for 1-2 days, finally pouring black soldier flies larvae with the age of 3-4, culturing at 30-35 ℃ and air humidity of 75-85% for 5-6 days, and separating black soldier flies mature larvae to obtain the organic fertilizer. The method has the advantages of strong treatment capacity, short period and low energy consumption in the treatment process, can realize the resource utilization of cow dung and kitchen waste, and changes waste into valuable. In addition, as the cow dung has higher nutritive value than horse dung and is fermented by lactic acid bacteria, the cow dung is loosened, the palatability is improved, the feeding rate of hermetia illucens is increased, and the yield of mature larvae can be improved by more than 50%.
Chinese patent publication No. CN107114328A discloses a black soldier fly culture system, which comprises a culture pond and a ceiling arranged above the culture pond, wherein a water-absorbing layer, a heating device and a grid layer are sequentially arranged in the culture pond from bottom to top, the heating device comprises a heating belt and a fixing frame for fixing the heating belt, a culture material is arranged on the water-absorbing layer Fang Fangzhi, the heating device is positioned in the culture material, and the grid layer is positioned on the surface layer of the culture material; the side edge of the culture pond is provided with a lifting device, and the lifting device drives the heating device to lift; and a heat preservation cover is arranged at the top of the culture pond. The hermetia illucens breeding system is used for breeding the hermetia illucens, the survival rate of the hermetia illucens larvae is high, the hermetia illucens is not influenced by external environment, the hermetia illucens and the culture materials are easy to separate, and the cleaning of the worm manure is not needed, so that the labor and material cost is greatly saved; in addition, the culture materials in the culture pond can be directly used as organic fertilizer for returning to the field after being digested and fermented in the process of culturing the hermetia illucens, and the method is economical and environment-friendly.
The existing hermetia illucens culture technology still stays in a workshop type production stage, and the defects of low mechanization degree, too much labor investment, difficulty in separating larvae from excrement, need for cleaning the excrement in each batch, large influence by the external environment temperature, bad and bad artificial operation environment and the like exist.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the invention solves the technical problems that: the intensive ecological breeding system and the breeding method are high in mechanization degree, low in operation cost, high in output efficiency and suitable for intensive and large-scale breeding.
In order to solve the technical problems, in one aspect, the invention provides an intensive ecological breeding system, which comprises a livestock breeding room and a hermetia illucens breeding room; the collecting tank is connected with the livestock and poultry breeding room and is used for collecting livestock and poultry manure; a transfer pump connected to the collection tank; a filter press connected to the delivery pump outlet via a pipe; a clarifying tank connected with a filtrate outlet of the filter press through a pipeline; a screw conveyor connected to the filter residue outlet of the filter press; the feeding end receives the incoming materials of the spiral conveyor and conveys the incoming materials to a conveyor of a storage tower; a plurality of raising tanks arranged in the hermetia illucens raising chamber; the first rails are positioned at two sides of the insect raising groove; the second rail is positioned outside one end of the insect raising groove, is equal in width with the first rail and is perpendicular to the first rail; the right-angle reversing mechanism is arranged at the junction of the first track and the second track; a feeding vehicle and a receiving vehicle running on the first track or the second track; a sorting screen positioned outside one end of the second track; the air inlet is communicated with the culture chamber and the storage tower; a deodorizing tower communicated with the air outlet of the induced draft fan; the right-angle reversing mechanism comprises a circular base connected with the first track and the second track, a circular rotary table pivoted with the circular base, and a first driving mechanism connected with the upper surface of the circular rotary table for realizing the reversing track in butt joint with the first track or the second track and driving the circular rotary table to rotate; the sludge outlet of the clarifying tank is communicated with the inlet of the conveying pump, the clarified liquid outlet of the clarifying tank is communicated with the cleaning pipe of the livestock and poultry breeding room, and the storage tower is positioned above the other end of the first double track.
As a further improved technical scheme, the intensive ecological breeding system provided by the invention comprises a feeding vehicle frame; a feeding vehicle driving shaft and a feeding vehicle driven shaft which are connected with the bottom of the feeding vehicle frame; a feeding vehicle driving wheel connected with the feeding vehicle driving shaft; a driven wheel of the feeding vehicle connected with a driven shaft of the feeding vehicle; a feeding vehicle driving mechanism connected with the feeding vehicle driving shaft; a feeding hopper connected with the feeding vehicle frame; and the distributing device is connected with the frame of the feeding vehicle and is communicated with the bottom discharge hole of the feeding hopper. The livestock manure is uniformly distributed in the insect raising groove by the distributing device, and a spiral distributing device can be used; naturally falls by gravity, and scrapes off cloth by a scraper.
As a further improved technical scheme, the intensive ecological breeding system provided by the invention is characterized in that the feeding vehicle driving mechanism comprises a speed reducer in transmission connection with a driving shaft of the feeding vehicle, a driving motor in transmission connection with the speed reducer, and a battery pack connected with the driving motor; the feeding vehicle further comprises a braking parking device which is connected with the frame of the feeding vehicle and acts on the driving wheel of the feeding vehicle and/or the driven wheel of the feeding vehicle.
As a further improved technical scheme, the invention provides an intensive ecological breeding system, wherein the collecting tank is provided with a liquid collecting tank positioned at one end; a pool bottom surface inclined to the sump; a liquid guiding groove arranged on the bottom surface of the tank for guiding liquid into the liquid collecting tank; the filter screen is positioned at the bottom surface of the tank and above the liquid guide groove; the isolation wall is connected with the bottom surface of the tank and divides the collecting tank into a plurality of areas; the plugboard grooves are arranged at the end close to the liquid collecting groove of the partition wall and on the side wall of the collecting groove; and the plugboard is detachably connected with the plugboard groove.
As a further improved technical scheme, the intensive ecological breeding system provided by the invention comprises a material collecting vehicle frame; a receiving vehicle driving shaft and a receiving vehicle driven shaft which are connected with the bottom of the receiving vehicle frame; a receiving car driving wheel connected with the receiving car driving shaft; a receiving vehicle driven wheel connected with the receiving vehicle driven shaft; the receiving vehicle driving mechanism is connected with the receiving vehicle driving shaft; a receiving hopper connected with the frame of the receiving vehicle; a lifter connected with one end of the material collecting vehicle frame; a receiving shovel hinged with the feeding end of the lifting machine; the two ends of the hydraulic cylinder, the air cylinder or the electric push rod are respectively hinged with the lifting machine and the material receiving shovel; and the discharge valve is connected with a bottom discharge hole of the receiving hopper.
As a further improved technical scheme, the intensive ecological breeding system provided by the invention is characterized in that the material collecting vehicle driving mechanism comprises a second speed reducer in transmission connection with a material collecting vehicle driving shaft, a second driving motor in transmission connection with the second speed reducer, and a second battery pack connected with the second driving motor; the receiving vehicle further comprises a second braking parking device which is connected with the frame of the receiving vehicle and acts on the driving wheel and/or the driven wheel of the receiving vehicle.
According to the intensive ecological breeding system, the sorting screen is a vibration classifying screen, the collected mixture of the black soldier flies and the insect sand is divided into coarse sand with the particle size larger than that of the black soldier flies, the black soldier flies and fine sand with the particle size smaller than that of the black soldier flies, the coarse sand is discharged from the upper layer discharge port of the vibration classifying screen, the black soldier flies are discharged from the middle layer discharge port of the vibration classifying screen, the fine sand is discharged from the lower layer discharge port of the vibration classifying screen, and the upper layer discharge port discharge and the lower layer discharge port discharge are combined and then conveyed to the organic fertilizer raw material warehouse.
In order to solve the technical problems, on the other hand, the invention provides an intensive ecological breeding method, which comprises the following steps: the livestock manure of the livestock breeding room flows into the collecting tank; the method comprises the steps of conveying livestock and poultry manure in a collecting tank to a filter press for squeezing and dewatering by a conveying pump, conveying filtrate to a clarifying tank or/and the collecting tank for diluting the livestock and poultry manure, conveying sludge obtained by sedimentation and separation of the filtrate in the clarifying tank to the filter press for squeezing and dewatering after the sludge is combined with the livestock and poultry manure in the collecting tank, conveying filter residues of the filter press to a screw conveyor for cleaning a livestock and poultry culture room, and conveying the filter residues into a storage tower by the conveyor after dispersing in the screw conveyor; the feeding vehicle runs below the storage tower on the second track; unloading the livestock manure stored in the storage tower into a feeding vehicle; the feeding vehicle runs on the second track to a right-angle reversing mechanism connected with a certain insect raising groove, and after the right-angle reversing mechanism rotates for 90 degrees, the reversing track is in butt joint with the first tracks positioned on two sides of the insect raising groove; transferring the feeding vehicle to first rails on two sides of the insect raising groove for running; uniformly distributing livestock and poultry manure in the feeding vehicle in the insect raising groove; after the cloth is finished, the black soldier fly larvae are inoculated in the livestock manure; according to the feeding condition of the larvae, repeating the material distribution at least once in the insect raising groove; stopping feeding when the black soldier fly reaches 10-13 days old according to the growing condition of the black soldier fly larvae; after stopping feeding for 1-2 days, transferring the material receiving vehicle to first rails on two sides of the insect raising groove; the material collecting vehicle runs on first tracks on two sides of the insect raising groove, and collects the mixture of the hermetia illucens and the insect sand; the material collecting vehicle collects the mixture of the hermetia illucens and the sand and then transfers the mixture to the right-angle reversing mechanism; after the right-angle reversing mechanism rotates for 90 degrees, the material collecting vehicle moves to the side of the sorting sieve on the second track; delivering the hermetia illucens and insect sand mixture in the material collecting vehicle to a feed inlet of a sorting sieve; the method comprises the steps that a sorting screen divides a mixture of collected hermetia illucens and worm sand into coarse worm sand with the particle size being larger than that of the hermetia illucens, the hermetia illucens and fine worm sand with the particle size being smaller than that of the hermetia illucens, the coarse worm sand is discharged from an upper layer discharge port of the sorting screen, the hermetia illucens is discharged from a middle layer discharge port of the sorting screen, the fine worm sand is discharged from a lower layer discharge port of the sorting screen, and the upper layer discharge port discharge and the lower layer discharge port discharge are combined and then conveyed to an organic fertilizer raw material warehouse; the induced draft fan pumps the odor gas in the culture room and the storage tower into the deodorizing tower for treatment, and the deodorizing tower is a spraying deodorizing tower using alkali liquor.
As a further improved technical scheme, the intensive ecological breeding method provided by the invention has the advantages that the black soldier fly larvae inoculated in the livestock manure are 4-6 days old, and the inoculation density is 6000-8000 heads/kg of livestock manure; according to the growth condition of the hermetia illucens larvae, stopping feeding after inoculating for 7-9 days; the livestock manure is pig manure or poultry manure or a mixture of the pig manure and the poultry manure; the water content of the livestock manure in the storage tower is 55-65wt%.
As a further improved technical scheme, the intensive ecological breeding method provided by the invention has the advantages that the collecting tank is provided with a liquid collecting tank positioned at one end; a pool bottom surface inclined to the sump; a liquid guiding groove arranged on the bottom surface of the tank for guiding liquid into the liquid collecting tank; the filter screen is positioned at the bottom surface of the tank and above the liquid guide groove; the isolation wall is connected with the bottom surface of the tank and divides the collecting tank into a plurality of areas; the plugboard grooves are arranged at the end close to the liquid collecting groove of the partition wall and on the side wall of the collecting groove; the plugboard is detachably connected with the plugboard groove; the livestock and poultry manure in the livestock and poultry breeding room is switched to flow into different areas of the collecting tank, so that the livestock and poultry manure stays in the collecting tank, the livestock and poultry manure is filtered by the filter screen, the filtrate flows into the collecting tank along the liquid guide groove, when the water content of the filter residue reaches 55-65wt%, the filter residue is taken out and sent into the storage tower, when the water content of the filter residue exceeds 65wt%, the plugboard is taken out, and the filtrate in the livestock and poultry manure and the collecting tank is combined and then sent into the filter press to be squeezed and dehydrated.
The above improvements or preferences may be implemented alone or in combination without conflict.
According to the technical scheme provided by the invention, the excrement produced by livestock in the livestock breeding room is squeezed and dehydrated by the filter press, so that the water content of the squeezed and dehydrated excrement is stable, and the black soldier fly can be conveniently fed; the filtrate is reused, and the amount of discharged waste water is reduced. The feeding car and the collecting car are reversed through the right-angle reversing mechanism and can run on the first track or the second track on two sides of different insect raising grooves, so that space is saved. The material feeding vehicle is used for distributing materials and the material collecting vehicle is used for collecting materials, so that the labor intensity of operators is reduced, the situation that the operators work in a cultivation room with poor environment for a long time is avoided, the labor requirement in the black soldier fly cultivation is greatly reduced, and unmanned management is convenient to realize. The deodorizing tower can be used for deodorizing and discharging waste gas in the culture room and the storage tower, so that the pollution to the environment is reduced. The materials collected by the collecting trolley comprise coarser particles (long fibers, agglomerated excrement and the like), hermetia illucens, excrement of hermetia illucens, fine sand particles and the like, and the hermetia illucens and waste residues and the like are sorted out through screening of a sorting sieve, so that comprehensive utilization is facilitated.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, and are included to illustrate and practice the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structural principle of an embodiment intensive ecological breeding system;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure principle of a right-angle reversing mechanism of the embodiment intensive ecological breeding system;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a feeding truck of an embodiment intensive ecological breeding system;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a schematic top view of a feed carriage of the embodiment enhanced ecological breeding system;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a material collecting vehicle of the embodiment intensive ecological breeding system;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a sorting screen of an embodiment of an enhanced ecological breeding system;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the principle of the front view structure of the collecting tank of the embodiment intensive ecological breeding system;
fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of a schematic top view structure of a collection tank of an embodiment of an enhanced ecological breeding system.
Detailed Description
The following describes the embodiments of the present invention in further detail with reference to the drawings.
The intensive ecological breeding system shown in fig. 1 and 2 comprises a livestock breeding room 11 and a hermetia illucens breeding room 9, a collecting tank 12 connected with the livestock breeding room 11 and used for collecting livestock manure, a conveying pump 13 connected with the collecting tank 12, a filter press 14 connected with an outlet of the conveying pump 13 through a pipeline, a clarifying tank 15 connected with a filtrate outlet of the filter press 14 through a pipeline, a screw conveyor 16 connected with a filter residue outlet of the filter press 14, a feeding end for receiving the feeding material of the screw conveyor 16, a conveyor 17 for conveying the feeding material to a storage tower 4, a plurality of parallel-arranged insect breeding tanks 10 arranged in the hermetia illucens breeding room 9, a plurality of first rails 7 respectively positioned at two sides of each insect breeding tank 10, a second rail 8 positioned at the outer side of one end of each insect breeding tank 10 and being equal in width with the first rail 7 and perpendicular to the first rail 7, a right-angle reversing mechanism 1 arranged at the intersection of the first rail 7, a feeding car 2 and a receiving car 3 running on the first rail 7 or the second rail 8; the sorting screen 5 is positioned at the outer side of one end of the second track 8, the induced draft fan is communicated with the culture room 9 and the storage tower 4, and the deodorizing tower 6 is communicated with the air outlet of the induced draft fan. The right-angle reversing mechanism 1 comprises a circular base 101 connected with the first track 7 and the second track 8, a circular rotary table 102 pivoted with the circular base 101, and a first driving mechanism connected with the upper surface of the circular rotary table 102 and used for driving the circular rotary table 102 to rotate, wherein the reversing track 103 is in butt joint with the first track 7 or the second track 8.
The sludge outlet of the clarifying tank 15 is communicated with the inlet of the conveying pump 13, the clarified liquid outlet of the clarifying tank 15 is communicated with the cleaning pipe of the livestock and poultry breeding room 11, and the storage tower 4 is positioned above the other end of the first double track 8.
Working principle: the method comprises the steps that feces generated by livestock in a livestock and poultry breeding room 11 flow into a collecting tank 12, livestock and poultry feces in the collecting tank 12 are sent to a filter press 14 by a conveying pump 13 to be squeezed and dehydrated, filtrate can be sent to a clarifying tank 15 or/and the collecting tank 12, filtrate sent to the collecting tank 12 is used for diluting the livestock and poultry feces, sludge obtained by sedimentation and separation of the filtrate in the clarifying tank 15 is combined with the livestock and poultry feces in the collecting tank 12 and then sent to the filter press 14 to be squeezed and dehydrated, the clarified liquid obtained by sedimentation and separation is used for cleaning the livestock and poultry breeding room 11, filter residues of the filter press 14 are sent to a screw conveyor 16, after being dispersed in the screw conveyor 16, the dispersed residues are sent to a storage tower 4 for standby by a conveyor 17, and when the feeding of the insect breeding tank 10 is needed, a feeding vehicle 2 runs to the lower part of the storage tower 4 on a second track 8; opening the discharge valve of the storage tower 4, discharging the livestock manure stored in the storage tower 4 into the feeding vehicle 2, after the feeding vehicle 2 is filled with the manure, the feeding vehicle 2 runs on the second rail 8 to the right-angle reversing mechanism 1 connected with a certain insect raising tank 10, after the right-angle reversing mechanism 1 rotates by 90 degrees, the reversing rail 103 is in butt joint with the first rails 7 positioned at two sides of the insect raising tank 10, the feeding vehicle 2 is transferred to the first rails 7 positioned at two sides of the insect raising tank 10 to run, and the feeding vehicle 2 uniformly distributes the livestock manure in the insect raising tank 10. Normally, the reversing rail 103 is in a docked state with the second rail 8, so that the loading carriage 2 or the receiving carriage 3 can run on the rail between the sorting screen 5 and the storage tower 4. After the cloth is finished, the black soldier fly larvae are inoculated in the livestock manure. According to the feeding condition of the larvae, the material is distributed at least once in the insect raising tank 10, and the material taking and distributing steps of each material distribution are the same as the previous steps. According to the growing condition of the black soldier fly larvae, stopping feeding after the black soldier fly reaches 10-13 days old, so that the fed livestock manure can be fully digested by the black soldier fly as much as possible; after stopping feeding for 1-2 days, transferring the material collecting vehicle 3 to the first rails 7 on two sides of the insect raising groove 10 for running, and collecting the mixture of the hermetia illucens and the insect sand by the material collecting vehicle 3. After the mixture of the black soldier flies and the worm sand is collected by the material collecting trolley 3, the mixture is operated to the right-angle reversing mechanism 1, after the right-angle reversing mechanism 1 rotates for 90 degrees, the reversing rail 103 is in butt joint with the second rail 8, the material collecting trolley 3 is transferred to the second rail 8 to operate, the material collecting trolley 3 is operated to the side of the sorting sieve 5 on the second rail 8, and the mixture of the black soldier flies and the worm sand in the material collecting trolley 3 is conveyed to a feed inlet of the sorting sieve 5. The sorting screen 5 divides the mixture of the collected hermetia illucens and the collected worm sand into coarse worm sand with the particle size being larger than that of the hermetia illucens, the hermetia illucens and fine worm sand with the particle size being smaller than that of the hermetia illucens, the sorting screen 5 is a vibration grading screen in the embodiment, the coarse worm sand is discharged from an upper layer discharge port 501 of the vibration grading screen, the hermetia illucens is discharged from a middle layer discharge port 502 of the vibration grading screen, the fine worm sand is discharged from a lower layer discharge port 503 of the vibration grading screen, and the discharge of the upper layer discharge port 501 and the discharge of the lower layer discharge port 503 are combined and then are conveyed to an organic fertilizer raw material warehouse; the induced draft fan pumps the odor gas in the culture room 9 and the storage tower 4 into the deodorizing tower 6 for treatment, so that negative pressure is maintained in the culture room 9 and the storage tower 4, odor is not discharged, and meanwhile, external new air enters the culture room 9 to meet the growing requirement environment of the hermetia illucens; the deodorizing tower 6 is a spray deodorizing tower using alkali liquor. When the charging carriage 2 or the receiving carriage 3 is not in use, it may be parked on the first track 7 or the second track 8.
According to the technical scheme provided by the invention, the excrement produced by livestock in the livestock and poultry raising room 11 is squeezed and dehydrated by the filter press 14, so that the water content of the squeezed and dehydrated excrement is stable, the black soldier fly is convenient to feed, the filtrate is reused, and the amount of discharged waste water is reduced. The feeding vehicle 2 and the collecting vehicle 3 can run on the first rails 7 or the second rails 8 on two sides of different insect raising grooves 10 through the reversing of the right-angle reversing mechanism, so that the space is saved. Adopt throw skip 2 cloth, with receive skip 3 receipts material, reduced operating personnel's intensity of labour, avoided artifical long-term work in the poor breed room 9 of environment, reduced the labour demand in the hermetia illucens breed, be convenient for realize unmanned management. The deodorizing tower 6 can deodorize and then discharge the waste gas in the culture room 9 and the material storage tower 4, thereby reducing the pollution to the environment. The materials collected by the material collecting vehicle 3 comprise coarser particles (long fibers, agglomerated excrement and the like), hermetia illucens, excrement of hermetia illucens, fine sand grains and the like, and the hermetia illucens and waste residues and the like are sorted out through screening of the sorting screen 5, so that comprehensive utilization is facilitated.
In an alternative technical solution, as shown in fig. 3 and fig. 4, a feeding vehicle 2 includes a feeding vehicle frame 201, a feeding vehicle driving shaft 202 and a feeding vehicle driven shaft 203 connected to the bottom of the feeding vehicle frame 201, a feeding vehicle driving wheel 204 connected to the feeding vehicle driving shaft 202, a feeding vehicle driven wheel 205 connected to the feeding vehicle driven shaft 203, a feeding vehicle driving mechanism 206 connected to the feeding vehicle driving shaft 202, a feeding hopper 208 connected to the feeding vehicle frame 201, and a distributor 207 connected to the feeding vehicle frame 201 and communicated with a bottom discharge hole of the feeding hopper 208; a cloth driving mechanism 209 connected to the distributor 207. The charging car driving mechanism 206 comprises a speed reducer in transmission connection with the driving shaft 202, a driving motor in transmission connection with the speed reducer, and a battery pack connected with the driving motor. The cloth driving mechanism 209 comprises a speed reducer in transmission connection with the cloth driving mechanism, a driving motor in transmission connection with the speed reducer, and a battery pack connected with the driving motor. The livestock manure is uniformly distributed in the insect-raising tank 10 by the distributor 207 during operation. The charging car 2 further comprises a brake parking device connected to the charging car frame 201 and acting on charging car driving wheels 204 and/or charging car driven wheels 205.
In an alternative technical scheme, as shown in fig. 5, a receiving truck 3 of the intensive ecological breeding system provided by the invention comprises a receiving truck frame 301, a receiving truck driving shaft 302 and a receiving truck driven shaft 303 which are connected with the bottom of the receiving truck frame 301, a receiving truck driving wheel 304 which is connected with the receiving truck driving shaft 302, a receiving truck driven wheel 305 which is connected with the receiving truck driven shaft 303, a receiving truck driving mechanism which is connected with the receiving truck driving shaft 302, a receiving hopper 306 which is connected with the receiving truck frame 301, a lifting machine 307 which is connected with one end of the receiving truck frame 301, a receiving shovel 308 which is hinged with the feeding end of the lifting machine 307, and a hydraulic cylinder, a cylinder or an electric push rod 309 which are respectively hinged with the lifting machine 307 and the receiving shovel 308 at two ends; and a discharge valve connected with a bottom discharge hole of the receiving hopper 306. The receiving vehicle driving mechanism comprises a second speed reducer in transmission connection with the receiving vehicle driving shaft 302, a second driving motor in transmission connection with the second speed reducer, and a second battery pack connected with the second driving motor. The charge car 3 further comprises a second brake park connected to the charge car frame 301 and acting on the charge car drive wheels 304 and/or charge car driven wheels 305. The elevator 307 is driven by a motor. During the material collecting operation, the hydraulic oil cylinder, the air cylinder or the electric push rod 309 is controlled to extend, the material collecting shovel 308 is put down, the shovel head is attached to the bottom surface of the insect raising groove 10, the material collecting trolley 3 moves along the first tracks 7 on two sides of the insect raising groove 10, the material collecting shovel 308 shovels the mixture of black soldier flies and insect sand into the lifting machine 307, the lifting machine 307 lifts the collected matter and then discharges the collected matter into the material collecting hopper 306 for storage, and the lifting machine 307 can be a scraper conveyor, a bucket elevator, a belt elevator and the like. After the receiving hopper 306 is full, the receiving trolley 3 is operated to the right-angle reversing mechanism 1, after the right-angle reversing mechanism 1 rotates for 90 degrees, the reversing rail 103 is in butt joint with the second rail 8, the receiving trolley 3 is transferred to the second rail 8 to operate, the receiving trolley 3 is operated to the side of the sorting screen 5 on the second rail 8, and the mixture of black soldier flies and insect sand in the receiving trolley 3 is conveyed to a feed inlet of the sorting screen 5.
According to an alternative technical scheme, as shown in fig. 6, the sorting screen 5 is a vibration classifying screen, the collected mixture of the black soldier fly and the black soldier fly is divided into coarse sand with the particle size larger than that of the black soldier fly, fine sand with the particle size smaller than that of the black soldier fly, the coarse sand is discharged from an upper layer discharge port 501 of the vibration classifying screen, the black soldier fly is discharged from a middle layer discharge port 502 of the vibration classifying screen, the fine sand is discharged from a lower layer discharge port 503 of the vibration classifying screen, and the upper layer discharge port 501 discharge and the lower layer discharge port 503 discharge are combined and then are conveyed to an organic fertilizer raw material warehouse.
In an alternative technical solution, as shown in fig. 7 and 8, the collecting tank 12 of the ecological breeding system provided by the invention is provided with a collecting tank 121 positioned at one end of the tank body, a tank bottom surface 123 inclined to the collecting tank 121, a liquid guiding groove 124 arranged at the tank bottom surface 123 and used for guiding liquid into the collecting tank 121, a filter screen 125 positioned above the tank bottom surface 123 and the liquid guiding groove 124, a partition wall 127 connected with the tank bottom surface 123 and used for dividing the collecting tank 12 into a plurality of areas, a plugboard groove 126 arranged at the end of the partition wall 127 near the collecting tank 121 and on the side wall of the collecting tank 12, and a plugboard 122 detachably connected with the plugboard groove 126. The livestock manure in the livestock breeding room 11 is switched to flow into different areas of the collecting tank 12, so that the livestock manure stays in the collecting tank 12, the livestock manure is filtered by the filter screen 125, the filtrate flows into the collecting tank 121 along the liquid guide groove 124, when the livestock manure in a certain area needs to be dehydrated, the livestock breeding room 11 stops feeding the livestock manure into the area, but can feed the livestock manure into other areas, when the water content of filter residues in the area reaches 55-65wt%, the filter residues are taken out and fed into the storage tower 4, when the water content of the filter residues exceeds 65wt%, the filter residues are taken out of the filter board 122, and the filtrate in the livestock manure and the collecting tank 121 is combined and then fed into the filter press 14 for squeezing and dehydration. The structure of the collecting tank 12 ensures that a part of livestock and poultry manure can reach the requirement of 55-65wt% of water content without filter pressing dehydration treatment, and can reduce the running cost.
The cultivation process comprises the following steps: the livestock manure in the livestock breeding room 11 flows into the collecting tank 12; the conveying pump 13 conveys livestock manure in the collecting tank 12 into the filter press 14 for squeezing and dewatering, filtrate is conveyed into the clarifying tank 15 or/and the collecting tank 12, filtrate conveyed into the collecting tank 12 is used for diluting the livestock manure, sludge obtained after sedimentation and separation of the filtrate in the clarifying tank 15 is combined with the livestock manure in the collecting tank 12 and then conveyed into the filter press 14 for squeezing and dewatering, the clarified liquid obtained after sedimentation and separation is used for cleaning or flushing the livestock breeding room 11, filter residues of the filter press 14 are conveyed into the screw conveyor 16, and after being dispersed in the screw conveyor 16, the filter residues are conveyed into the storage tower 4 through the conveyor 17; the livestock and poultry breeding room 11 is a breeding room for breeding live pigs or poultry, and the livestock and poultry manure is pig manure or poultry manure or a mixture of the pig manure and the poultry manure, and the water content is 55-65wt%; the feeding vehicle 2 moves to the lower part of the storage tower 4 on the second track 8, livestock and poultry manure stored in the storage tower 4 is discharged into the feeding vehicle 2, the feeding vehicle 2 moves to a right-angle reversing mechanism 1 connected with a certain insect raising groove 10 on the second track 8, and after the right-angle reversing mechanism 1 rotates for 90 degrees, the reversing track 103 is in butt joint with a first track 7 positioned at two sides of the insect raising groove 10; transferring the feeding vehicle 2 to the first rails 7 at two sides of the insect raising groove 10 for running; the feeding vehicle 2 evenly distributes livestock manure in the feeding hopper 208 in the insect raising tank 10; after the cloth is finished, the livestock manure is inoculated with the black soldier fly larvae of 4 to 6 days old, and the inoculation density is 6000 to 8000 heads/kg of the livestock manure; according to the feeding condition of the larvae, the material is distributed at least once in the insect raising tank 10; stopping feeding when the black soldier fly reaches 10-13 days old according to the growing condition of the black soldier fly larvae; after stopping feeding for 1-2 days, transferring the material collecting vehicle 3 to the first tracks 7 at two sides of the pest raising tank 10, running the material collecting vehicle 3 on the first tracks 7 at two sides of the pest raising tank 10, operating a hydraulic cylinder, a cylinder or an electric push rod 309 to extend the material collecting vehicle, putting down a material collecting shovel 308, attaching a shovel head to the bottom surface of the pest raising tank 10, moving the material collecting vehicle 3 along the first tracks 7 at two sides of the pest raising tank 10, and shoveling the mixture of black soldier flies and the worm sand into a lifting machine 307 by the material collecting shovel 308, and collecting the mixture of the black soldier flies and the worm sand by the material collecting vehicle 3; the material collecting vehicle 3 collects the mixture of the hermetia illucens and the sand and then transfers the mixture to the right-angle reversing mechanism 1; after the right-angle reversing mechanism 1 rotates for 90 degrees, the material collecting trolley 3 runs to the side of the sorting sieve 5 on the second track 8; delivering the hermetia illucens and sand mixture in the material collecting vehicle 3 to a feed inlet of the vibration classifying screen 5; the vibration classifying screen 5 divides the collected mixture of the hermetia illucens and the worm sand into coarse sand with the particle size larger than that of the hermetia illucens, the hermetia illucens and fine sand with the particle size smaller than that of the hermetia illucens, the coarse sand is discharged from an upper layer discharge port 501 of the vibration classifying screen 5, the hermetia illucens is discharged from a middle layer discharge port 502 of the vibration classifying screen 5, the fine sand is discharged from a lower layer discharge port 503 of the vibration classifying screen 5, and the upper layer discharge port 501 discharge and the lower layer discharge port 503 discharge are combined and then are conveyed to an organic fertilizer raw material warehouse; the induced draft fan pumps the odor gas in the culture room 9 and the storage tower 4 into the deodorizing tower 6 for treatment, and the deodorizing tower 6 is a spraying deodorizing tower using alkali liquor.
It is apparent that the present invention is not limited to the above preferred embodiments, but various changes and modifications can be made within the spirit of the present invention as defined in the claims and specification, which can solve the same technical problems and achieve the intended technical effects, and thus is not repeated. All modifications which may occur to those skilled in the art from the present disclosure are intended to be included within the scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (7)
1. An intensive ecological breeding system is characterized by comprising a livestock breeding chamber (11) and a black soldier fly breeding chamber (9), a collecting tank (12) connected with the livestock breeding chamber (11) and used for collecting livestock manure, a conveying pump (13) connected with the collecting tank (12), a filter press (14) connected with an outlet of the conveying pump (13) through a pipeline, a clarifying tank (15) connected with a filtrate outlet of the filter press (14) through a pipeline, a spiral conveyor (16) connected with a filter residue outlet of the filter press (14), a feeding end of the spiral conveyor (16), a conveyor (17) for carrying incoming materials of the spiral conveyor (16) to a storage tower (4), a plurality of insect breeding tanks (10) arranged in the black soldier fly breeding chamber (9), a first track (7) arranged on two sides of the insect breeding tanks (10), a second track (8) which is arranged on the outer side of one end of the insect breeding tank (10) and is equal in width and perpendicular to the first track (7), a second track (8) which is arranged on the outer side of the first track (8) and a right-angle sorting mechanism (8) is arranged on the second track (8) or the second track (8), the air inlet is communicated with the hermetia illucens culture room (9) and the storage tower (4), and the deodorizing tower (6) is communicated with the air outlet of the induced draft; the right-angle reversing mechanism (1) comprises a circular base (101) connected with a first track (7) and a second track (8), a circular rotary table (102) pivoted with the circular base (101), and a reversing track (103) connected with the upper surface of the circular rotary table (102) to realize the butt joint with the first track (7) or the second track (8), and a first driving mechanism for driving the circular rotary table (102) to rotate; the sludge outlet of the clarifying tank (15) is communicated with the inlet of the conveying pump (13), the clarified liquid outlet of the clarifying tank (15) is communicated with the cleaning pipe of the livestock and poultry breeding room (11), and the storage tower (4) is positioned above the other end of the first double track (8); the collecting tank (12) is provided with a collecting tank (121) positioned at one end, a tank bottom surface (123) inclined towards the collecting tank (121), a liquid guide groove (124) arranged on the tank bottom surface (123) for guiding liquid into the collecting tank (121), a filter screen (125) positioned above the tank bottom surface (123) and the liquid guide groove (124), a partition wall (127) connected with the tank bottom surface (123) and dividing the collecting tank (12) into a plurality of areas, a plugboard groove (126) arranged on the end of the partition wall (127) close to the collecting tank (121) and on the side wall of the collecting tank (12), and a plugboard (122) detachably connected with the plugboard groove (126); the feeding vehicle (2) comprises a feeding vehicle frame (201); a feeding vehicle driving shaft (202) and a feeding vehicle driven shaft (203) which are connected with the bottom of the feeding vehicle frame (201); a feeding vehicle driving wheel (204) connected with the feeding vehicle driving shaft (202); a feeding vehicle driven wheel (205) connected with the feeding vehicle driven shaft (203); a feeding vehicle driving mechanism (206) connected with the feeding vehicle driving shaft (202); a feeding hopper (208) connected with the feeding vehicle frame (201); a distributing device (207) connected with the feeding vehicle frame (201) and communicated with a bottom discharge hole of the feeding hopper (208); the receiving trolley (3) comprises a receiving trolley frame (301); a receiving vehicle driving shaft (302) and a receiving vehicle driven shaft (303) which are connected with the bottom of the receiving vehicle frame (301); a receiving car driving wheel (304) connected with the receiving car driving shaft (302); a receiving car driven wheel (305) connected with the receiving car driven shaft (303); a receiving car driving mechanism connected with the receiving car driving shaft (302); a receiving hopper (306) connected with the receiving vehicle frame (301); a lifter (307) connected with one end of the material collecting vehicle frame (301); a receiving shovel (308) hinged with the feeding end of the lifting machine (307); a hydraulic oil cylinder, an air cylinder or an electric push rod (309) with two ends respectively hinged with the lifting machine (307) and the material receiving shovel (308); and a discharge valve connected with a bottom discharge hole of the receiving hopper (306).
2. The intensive ecological aquaculture system according to claim 1, characterized in that the feed truck drive mechanism (206) comprises a speed reducer in driving connection with the feed truck drive shaft (202), a drive motor in driving connection with the speed reducer, and a battery pack in connection with the drive motor; the feeding vehicle (2) further comprises a braking parking device which is connected with the feeding vehicle frame (201) and acts on a feeding vehicle driving wheel (204) and/or a feeding vehicle driven wheel (205).
3. The intensive ecological aquaculture system according to claim 1, wherein the skip drive mechanism comprises a second speed reducer in driving connection with the skip drive shaft (302), a second drive motor in driving connection with the second speed reducer, and a second battery pack in connection with the second drive motor; the receiving trolley (3) further comprises a second braking parking device which is connected with the receiving trolley frame (301) and acts on a receiving trolley driving wheel (304) and/or a receiving trolley driven wheel (305).
4. The intensive ecological breeding system according to claim 1, wherein the sorting screen (5) is a vibration classifying screen, the collected mixture of hermetia illucens and sand is divided into coarse sand with particle size larger than hermetia illucens, hermetia illucens and fine sand with particle size smaller than hermetia illucens, the coarse sand is discharged from an upper layer discharge port (501) of the vibration classifying screen, the hermetia illucens is discharged from a middle layer discharge port (502) of the vibration classifying screen, the fine sand is discharged from a lower layer discharge port (503) of the vibration classifying screen, and the upper layer discharge port (501) and the lower layer discharge port (503) are combined and then conveyed to an organic fertilizer raw material warehouse.
5. An intensive ecological breeding method, which is characterized by being applied to the intensive ecological breeding system as claimed in claim 1, comprising the following steps: the livestock manure in the livestock breeding room (11) flows into the collecting tank (12); the conveying pump (13) conveys livestock manure in the collecting tank (12) into the filter press (14) for squeezing and dewatering, filtrate is conveyed into the clarifying tank (15) or/and the collecting tank (12) for diluting the livestock manure, sludge after sedimentation and separation of the filtrate in the clarifying tank (15) is combined with the livestock manure in the collecting tank (12) and then conveyed into the filter press (14) for squeezing and dewatering, the clarified liquid after sedimentation and separation is used for cleaning the livestock breeding room (11), filter residues of the filter press (14) are conveyed into the screw conveyor (16), dispersed in the screw conveyor (16), and conveyed into the storage tower (4) through the conveyor (17); the feeding vehicle (2) runs below the storage tower (4) on the second track (8); unloading the livestock manure stored in the storage tower (4) into a feeding vehicle (2); the feeding vehicle (2) runs on a second track (8) to a right-angle reversing mechanism (1) connected with a certain insect raising groove (10), and after the right-angle reversing mechanism (1) rotates for 90 degrees, the reversing track (103) is in butt joint with first tracks (7) positioned on two sides of the insect raising groove (10); transferring the feeding vehicle (2) to first rails (7) at two sides of the insect raising groove (10) for running; uniformly distributing livestock manure in the feeding vehicle (2) in the insect raising groove (10); after the cloth is finished, the black soldier fly larvae are inoculated in the livestock manure; according to the feeding condition of the larvae, the material is repeatedly distributed at least once in the insect raising groove (10); stopping feeding when the black soldier fly reaches 10-13 days old according to the growing condition of the black soldier fly larvae; after stopping feeding for 1-2 days, transferring the material collecting vehicle (3) to first tracks (7) at two sides of the insect raising groove (10); the collecting trolley (3) runs on first tracks (7) at two sides of the insect raising groove (10), and the collecting trolley (3) collects the mixture of the hermetia illucens and the insect sand; the material collecting vehicle (3) is used for collecting the mixture of the hermetia illucens and the sand and then transferring the mixture to the right-angle reversing mechanism (1); after the right-angle reversing mechanism (1) rotates for 90 degrees, the material collecting vehicle (3) moves to the side of the sorting sieve (5) on the second track (8); delivering the hermetia illucens and sand mixture in the material collecting vehicle (3) to a feed inlet of a sorting sieve (5); the sorting screen (5) divides the collected mixture of the hermetia illucens and the worm sand into coarse worm sand with the particle size larger than that of the hermetia illucens, the hermetia illucens and fine worm sand with the particle size smaller than that of the hermetia illucens, the coarse worm sand is discharged from an upper layer discharge port (501) of the sorting screen (5), the hermetia illucens is discharged from an intermediate layer discharge port (502) of the sorting screen (5), the fine worm sand is discharged from a lower layer discharge port (503) of the sorting screen (5), and the upper layer discharge port (501) discharge and the lower layer discharge port (503) discharge are combined and then conveyed to an organic fertilizer raw material warehouse; the induced draft fan pumps the odor gas in the culture room (9) and the storage tower (4) into the deodorizing tower (6) for treatment, and the deodorizing tower (6) is a spraying deodorizing tower using alkali liquor.
6. The intensive ecological breeding method according to claim 5, wherein the black soldier fly larvae inoculated in the livestock manure are 4-6 days old black soldier fly larvae, and the inoculation density is 6000-8000 heads/kg livestock manure; according to the growth condition of the hermetia illucens larvae, stopping feeding after inoculating for 7-9 days; the livestock manure is pig manure or poultry manure or a mixture of the pig manure and the poultry manure; the water content of the livestock manure in the storage tower (4) is 55-65wt%.
7. The method of intensive ecological breeding according to claim 5, wherein the collecting tank (12) has a liquid collecting tank (121) at one end; a tank bottom surface (123) inclined to the liquid collection tank (121); a liquid guiding groove (124) arranged at the bottom surface (123) of the tank for guiding the liquid into the liquid collecting groove (121); a filter screen (125) positioned above the tank bottom surface (123) and the liquid guide groove (124); a partition wall (127) connected to the bottom surface (123) of the tank to divide the collection tank (12) into a plurality of areas; the flashboard groove (126) is arranged at the end of the partition wall (127) close to the liquid collecting groove (121) and on the side wall of the collecting groove (12); a plugboard (122) detachably connected with the plugboard groove (126); the livestock manure in the livestock breeding room (11) is switched to flow into different areas of the collecting tank (12), so that the livestock manure stays in the collecting tank (12), the livestock manure is filtered by the filter screen (125), the filtrate flows into the collecting tank (121) along the liquid guide groove (124), when the water content of filter residues reaches 55-65wt%, the filter residues are taken out and sent into the storage tower (4), when the water content of the filter residues exceeds 65wt%, the plug board (122) is taken out, and the filtrate in the livestock manure and the collecting tank (121) is combined and then sent into the filter press (14) for squeezing and dewatering.
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| CN206107254U (en) * | 2016-10-06 | 2017-04-19 | 华东交通大学 | New mechanism that cooperation rail mounted slope travelling car turned to |
| CN207322426U (en) * | 2017-10-10 | 2018-05-08 | 湖南卢氏环保科技有限公司 | A kind of intensive ecological cultivation system |
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| CN105859332A (en) * | 2016-04-01 | 2016-08-17 | 刘德江 | Excrement biological treatment method for livestock and poultry breeding farm |
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