CN103483025B - Technology for preparing bio-organic fertilizer through aquaculture waste and forestry and agricultural waste in sealed and aerobiotic mode - Google Patents
Technology for preparing bio-organic fertilizer through aquaculture waste and forestry and agricultural waste in sealed and aerobiotic mode Download PDFInfo
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- CN103483025B CN103483025B CN201310417215.9A CN201310417215A CN103483025B CN 103483025 B CN103483025 B CN 103483025B CN 201310417215 A CN201310417215 A CN 201310417215A CN 103483025 B CN103483025 B CN 103483025B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
- Y02A50/20—Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02C—CAPTURE, STORAGE, SEQUESTRATION OR DISPOSAL OF GREENHOUSE GASES [GHG]
- Y02C20/00—Capture or disposal of greenhouse gases
- Y02C20/20—Capture or disposal of greenhouse gases of methane
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
Abstract
The technology for preparing bio-organic fertilizer through aquaculture waste and forestry and agricultural waste in a sealed and aerobiotic mode comprises the first step of collecting, stirring and mixing the aquaculture waste and the forestry and agricultural waste to enable the moisture content of the mixture to be controlled within 55%-65%, the second step of carrying out primary aerobic fermentation on the mixture, the third step of carrying out secondary aerobic fermentation on the mixture to enable the moisture content of the mixture to be reduced to below 30%, the fourth step of smashing and screening the mixture to prepare the organic fertilizer, the fifth step of storing the screened organic fertilizer in a homogeneity mode, and the sixth step of packaging and delivering the organic fertilizer. The technology is simple, large in handling capacity, short in fermentation period, even in material fermentation degree, good in handling effect, high in automation degree and low in handling cost. The primary aerobic fermentation and the second aerobic fermentation are carried out in a full-closed mode, no peculiar smell is produced in the process of handling, the agricultural waste is changed into things of value, and the organic fertilizer and liquid bacterial manure with very high market value are produced.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of waste treatment, particularly relate to a kind of breeding waste and the airtight aerobic biological organic fertilizer technique processed of agriculture and forestry organic waste material.
Background technology
Since reform and opening-up, China's rural economy achieves significant progress.But due to the inveteracy impact of rural economic development pattern that tradition is extensive, peasant does not also obtain basic transformation to the understanding of environment, and many environmental problems are on the rise, and Ecological Environment is troubling.In addition, the concern of equal extent cannot be enjoyed with city in vast rural area, the refuse treatment problem of agricultural wastes can not get effective solution especially, rural area even becomes the digestion ground of municipal wastes, environment constantly worsens, and " cleanliness of villages " target proposed with building Socialist New greatly differs from each other.
Agricultural wastes are breeding waste and agriculture and forestry organic waste material mainly, and wherein breeding waste mainly comprises livestock and poultry manure and hurdle circle wall to wall etc.; Agricultural refuse mainly comprises farmland and orchard residue, as stalk, stubble, weeds, fallen leaves, fruit shell, tendril, branch and other refuses.
Large-scale stock-farms and all discharge the wall to wall of a large amount of ight soil and corral, pouity dwelling place with the place of drylot feeding mode extensive raise poultry domestic animal, if notice that husbandry combines, just can become an important organic fertilizer resource; If do not add process to enter environment, just pollute the environment.Such as undressed ight soil enters rivers and lakes, and water quality can be made dirty, and biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) (BOD) load increases, and forms anaerobism corruption or eutrophication, threatens the existence of fish, shellfish and algae; Also can communicate illness, affect residents ' health.If irrigation water is subject to the severe contamination of agricultural wastes, can make the ammonia nitrogen in water and protein nitrogen content too high, thus cause paddy rice excessive growth, lodging, late-maturing or not yet done; In addition, also may make there is excessive nitrate in underground aquifers, or make surrounding environment multiply a large amount of fly and other insects.
China is a large agricultural country, and along with improving constantly of level of agricultural production and life of farmers level, to be used as utilizing of the agricultural wastes of fertilizer and fuel fewer and feweri to original, and therefore agricultural wastes get more and more.China has become the country that agricultural wastes quantum of output is maximum in the world, wherein agricultural crop straw annual production reaches 500,000,000 t (dry mass), can for fresh material about 1,000,000,000 t such as the cauline leafs of ensiling, the forestry waste such as sawdust, wood shavings 16 000 ten thousand t, Amount of poultry excrements 13,400,000,000 t, municipal wastes 70,000 more than t.Along with the increase with population that develops rapidly of industrial and agricultural production, these wastes with average annual 5% ~ 10% speed increase.This wherein most of waste be taken as rubbish and abandon or be discharged in environment, cause the waste of available stock and the pollution to ecotope.
At present, there is following subject matter in the agricultural wastes utilization of resources:
1, agricultural wastes total resources is unclear
China produces how many agricultural wastes every year on earth, these wastes be what kind of distribution utilization obstacle how, cause much impacts to environment, not data and record accurately, very greatly, true and false difficulty is distinguished in the existing discrepancy of the data from different department.
2, attention degree is inadequate, lacks relevant policies regulation
Country does not have the special law regulation agricultural of complete agricultural waste utilization at present, and the production of competent authorities only pay attention to agricultural-food such as " meat, egg, milk ", thinks little of the utilization of agricultural wastes.Even if under the overall background of current emphasis environment protection and food safety, to the process of agricultural wastes and recycling also no pendulum in due position.The management system of existing agricultural wastes and relevant criterion poor operability, let alone early warning, monitoring system.
3, agricultural waste utilization is backward in technique, and utilization ratio is low
Although China's agricultural waste utilization has long history, innovative technique is few, and promotional value is not high, and the utilization ratio of agricultural wastes is very low.The utilization of such as stalk, great majority still adopt direct combustion heat supplying or go back the mode in field, and what lack advanced person utilizes technology.
4, agricultural wastes conversion product is single, and commodity value is low
Agricultural wastes product development lacks main direction, and kind is single, of low quality, and commodity value is low.The utilization of such as feces of livestock and poultry, the mode that after great majority adopt and dry, direct fertilizer is used, lacks the analysis and utilization to its effective nutritive value, does not form innovative fertilizer product.
Therefore, how Appropriate application agricultural wastes resource, really realizing agricultural wastes, to become " give up " be " treasured ", to alleviating china natural resources and Pressure on Energy, preserves the ecological environment, and the agriculture Sustainable development of promotion is significant.
Summary of the invention
The present invention in order to solve weak point of the prior art, provide a kind of technique simple, turn waste into wealth, the breeding waste of science environmental protection and the airtight aerobic biological organic fertilizer technique processed of agriculture and forestry organic waste material.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the present invention adopts following technical scheme: breeding waste and the airtight aerobic biological organic fertilizer technique processed of agriculture and forestry organic waste material, comprise the following steps,
(1), breeding waste and agriculture and forestry organic waste material is collected, breeding waste water ratio being greater than to 70% first carries out centrifuge dehydration and keeps in, the breeding waste that water ratio is less than 70% is directly kept in, and then breeding waste and agriculture and forestry organic waste material are uniformly mixed, make the moisture control of mixture to 55%-65%;
(2), by mixture be transported in closed horizontal double-layer barrel aerobic fermentation tank and carry out main fermentation, simultaneously to air feed in closed horizontal double-layer barrel aerobic fermentation tank, the temperature of main fermentation is 65 DEG C-75 DEG C;
(3), then mixture is transported in horizontal type airtight aerobiotic fermentation tank and carries out secondary aerobic fermentation, simultaneously to air feed in horizontal type airtight aerobiotic fermentation tank, secondary aerobic fermentation temperature is 50 DEG C-60 DEG C, and after secondary aerobic fermentation completes, the water ratio of mixture is down to less than 30%;
(4), to mixture pulverize and sieve, making fertilizer, the globule size of fertilizer is not more than 0.5cm;
(5), the fertilizer homogeneous after screening is stored;
(6), by fertilizer packaging, outbound.
Agriculture and forestry organic waste material in described step (1) carries out guillotine cutting, oven dry, pulverizing, temporary operation successively before being uniformly mixed.
The waste water of the discharge in the waste water naturally oozed out in stacking process by middle for step (1) breeding waste, the waste water of centrifuge dehydration operation generation and step (2) after main fermentation is transported in anaerobic fermentation tank by leachate collecting device, produce natural pond slag, natural pond liquid and biogas after anaerobically fermenting, natural pond slag, natural pond liquid are separated with biogas.
Natural pond slag being transported to water ratio in step (1) is greater than in the centrifuge dehydration operation of the breeding waste of 70%, and natural pond slag re-uses.
After the part purification of biogas, tinning is sold, and another part burns for the baking operation of agriculture and forestry organic waste material provides heat energy.
Add spawn culture 3-5 days after natural pond liquid is carried out aeration, make liquid bacterial manure.
Breeding waste is being stacked waste gas, the waste gas of centrifuge dehydration release, the waste gas of leachate collecting device release of Spontaneous release in temporary process and is being uniformly mixed the gas sampling in operation in waste gas collection device; In described step (2), (3), the waste gas of discharging in fermenting process is also collected in waste gas collection device by gas barrier, then the waste gas in waste gas collection device is carried out off gas treatment by bacteria bed odor removal, be discharged in air after up to standard.
The temperature of described main fermentation is 70 DEG C, and secondary aerobic fermentation temperature is 55 DEG C.
Water ratio after described breeding waste and agriculture and forestry organic waste material three are uniformly mixed is 60%.
The globule size of described fertilizer is 0.2cm.
Adopt technique scheme, water ratio for breeding waste is greater than 70% will first carry out centrifuge dehydration and make water ratio be down to 70%, agriculture and forestry organic waste material is uniformly mixed with breeding waste after needing to carry out guillotine cutting, oven dry, pulverizing again, mixture moisture content after main fermentation, secondary aerobic fermentation is reduced to less than 30%, becomes fertilizer after again crushing and screening.The waste gas produced in each operation is collected through negative pressure and is discharged in air after deodorizing.Waste water after main fermentation, breeding waste keep in the waste water that discharges in the waste water of Spontaneous release and centrifuge dehydration operation for Biogas and natural pond liquid, after part methane purification, tinning is used for selling, part biogas combustion is used for the oven dry of agriculture and forestry organic waste material, natural pond liquid is added spawn culture for producing liquid bacterial manure after aeration, the centrifuge dehydration again again of natural pond slag, be uniformly mixed after again utilize.The parameters such as the water ratio in the present invention, temperature, fertilizer globule size are the prerequisite and optimal selection of producing fertilizer.
Fertilizer most importantly main fermentation and secondary aerobic fermentation operation is produced in the present invention, this two procedures determines the quality of produced fertilizer, the patent of invention that main fermentation closed horizontal double-layer barrel aerobic fermentation tank (number of patent application is 2013103484863) used is applied on August 12nd, 2013 for the applicant, the patent of invention that secondary aerobic fermentation horizontal type airtight aerobiotic fermentation tank (number of patent application is 2013102974850) the applicant used applied on July 16th, 2013.Therefore, the concrete structure of closed horizontal double-layer barrel aerobic fermentation tank and horizontal type airtight aerobiotic fermentation tank and use procedure just no longer elaborate.Carry out main fermentation owing to have employed closed horizontal double-layer barrel aerobic fermentation tank and adopt horizontal type airtight aerobiotic fermentation tank to carry out secondary aerobic fermentation, so not only shorten the time of aerobic fermentation, and substantially increase quality and the fertilizer efficiency of fertilizer.
Technique of the present invention is simple, treatment capacity is large, fermentation period is shorter, material fermentation degree is even, treatment effect is good, level of automation is high, processing cost is lower, main fermentation and the process of secondary aerobic fermentation are all totally-enclosed operations, treating processes free from extraneous odour, the waste gas produced in treating processes, collect through negative pressure, by bacteria bed process, qualified discharge, surrounding enviroment are not had a negative impact, agricultural wastes are made a silk purse out of a sow's ear, produce pole and have the fertilizer of marketable value and liquid bacterial manure, agricultural wastes are made a silk purse out of a sow's ear, produce pole and have the fertilizer of marketable value and liquid bacterial manure, it also avoid the threat that agricultural wastes may cause environment and human body, thus realize the innoxious of agricultural wastes, recycling.
Breeding waste and agriculture and forestry organic waste material process change are scientificlly and effectively fertilizer and liquid bacterial manure by the present invention, to abundant Appropriate application agriculture production and living resources, minimizing agricultural pollution, improve rural ecological hygienic condition and tackle increasingly serious resource and energy dilemma.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is process flow sheet of the present invention.
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, breeding waste of the present invention and the airtight aerobic biological organic fertilizer technique processed of agriculture and forestry organic waste material, comprise the following steps,
(1), breeding waste and agriculture and forestry organic waste material is collected, breeding waste water ratio being greater than to 70% first carries out centrifuge dehydration and keeps in, the breeding waste that water ratio is less than 70% is directly kept in, and then breeding waste and agriculture and forestry organic waste material are uniformly mixed, make the moisture control of mixture to 55%-65%, preferably 60%;
(2), by mixture be transported in closed horizontal double-layer barrel aerobic fermentation tank and carry out main fermentation, simultaneously to air feed in closed horizontal double-layer barrel aerobic fermentation tank, the temperature of main fermentation is 65 DEG C-75 DEG C, preferably 70 DEG C;
(3), then mixture is transported in horizontal type airtight aerobiotic fermentation tank and carries out secondary aerobic fermentation, simultaneously to air feed in horizontal type airtight aerobiotic fermentation tank, secondary aerobic fermentation temperature is 50 DEG C-60 DEG C, preferably 55 DEG C, after secondary aerobic fermentation completes, the water ratio of mixture is down to less than 30%;
(4), to mixture pulverize and sieve, making fertilizer, the globule size of fertilizer is not more than 0.5cm, preferred 0.2cm;
(5), the fertilizer homogeneous after screening is stored;
(6), by fertilizer packaging, outbound.
Agriculture and forestry organic waste material in step (1) carries out guillotine cutting, oven dry, pulverizing, temporary operation successively before being uniformly mixed.
The waste water of the discharge in the waste water naturally oozed out in stacking process by middle for step (1) breeding waste, the waste water of centrifuge dehydration operation generation and step (2) after main fermentation is transported in anaerobic fermentation tank by leachate collecting device, produce natural pond slag, natural pond liquid and biogas after anaerobically fermenting, natural pond slag, natural pond liquid are separated with biogas.
Natural pond slag being transported to water ratio in step (1) is greater than in the centrifuge dehydration operation of the breeding waste of 70%, and natural pond slag re-uses.
The purifying desulphurized rear tinning of a part of biogas is sold, and another part burns for the baking operation of agriculture and forestry organic waste material provides heat energy.
Add spawn culture 3-5 days after natural pond liquid is carried out aeration, make liquid bacterial manure.
Breeding waste is being stacked waste gas, the waste gas of centrifuge dehydration release, the waste gas of leachate collecting device release of Spontaneous release in temporary process and is being uniformly mixed the gas sampling in operation in waste gas collection device; In described step (2), (3), the waste gas of discharging in fermenting process is also collected in waste gas collection device by gas barrier, then the waste gas in waste gas collection device is carried out off gas treatment by bacteria bed odor removal, be discharged in air after up to standard.
The present embodiment does not do any pro forma restriction to shape of the present invention, material, structure etc.; every above embodiment is done according to technical spirit of the present invention any simple modification, equivalent variations and modification, all belong to the protection domain of technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. breeding waste and the airtight aerobic biological organic fertilizer technique processed of agriculture and forestry organic waste material, is characterized in that: comprise the following steps,
(1), breeding waste and agriculture and forestry organic waste material is collected, breeding waste water ratio being greater than to 70% first carries out centrifuge dehydration and keeps in, the breeding waste that water ratio is less than 70% is directly kept in, and then breeding waste and agriculture and forestry organic waste material are uniformly mixed, make the moisture control of mixture to 55%-65%;
(2), by mixture be transported in closed horizontal double-layer barrel aerobic fermentation tank and carry out main fermentation, simultaneously to air feed in closed horizontal double-layer barrel aerobic fermentation tank, the temperature of main fermentation is 65 DEG C-75 DEG C;
(3), then mixture is transported in horizontal type airtight aerobiotic fermentation tank and carries out secondary aerobic fermentation, simultaneously to air feed in horizontal type airtight aerobiotic fermentation tank, secondary aerobic fermentation temperature is 50 DEG C-60 DEG C, and after secondary aerobic fermentation completes, the water ratio of mixture is down to less than 30%;
(4), to mixture pulverize and sieve, making fertilizer, the globule size of fertilizer is not more than 0.5cm;
(5), the fertilizer homogeneous after screening is stored;
(6), by fertilizer packaging, outbound;
Agriculture and forestry organic waste material in described step (1) carries out guillotine cutting, oven dry, pulverizing, temporary operation successively before being uniformly mixed;
The waste water of the discharge in the waste water naturally oozed out in stacking process by middle for step (1) breeding waste, the waste water of centrifuge dehydration operation generation and step (2) after main fermentation is transported in anaerobic fermentation tank by leachate collecting device, produce natural pond slag, natural pond liquid and biogas after anaerobically fermenting, natural pond slag, natural pond liquid are separated with biogas;
Natural pond slag being transported to water ratio in step (1) is greater than in the centrifuge dehydration operation of the breeding waste of 70%, and natural pond slag re-uses;
After the part purification of biogas, tinning is sold, and another part burns for the baking operation of agriculture and forestry organic waste material provides heat energy;
Add spawn culture 3-5 days after natural pond liquid is carried out aeration, make liquid bacterial manure.
2. breeding waste according to claim 1 and the airtight aerobic biological organic fertilizer technique processed of agriculture and forestry organic waste material, is characterized in that: breeding waste is being stacked waste gas, the waste gas of centrifuge dehydration release, the waste gas of leachate collecting device release of Spontaneous release in temporary process and is being uniformly mixed the gas sampling in operation in waste gas collection device; In described step (2), (3), the waste gas of discharging in fermenting process is also collected in waste gas collection device by gas barrier, then the waste gas in waste gas collection device is carried out off gas treatment by bacteria bed odor removal, be discharged in air after up to standard.
3. breeding waste according to claim 1 and the airtight aerobic biological organic fertilizer technique processed of agriculture and forestry organic waste material, is characterized in that: the temperature of described main fermentation is 70 DEG C, and secondary aerobic fermentation temperature is 55 DEG C.
4. breeding waste according to claim 1 and the airtight aerobic biological organic fertilizer technique processed of agriculture and forestry organic waste material, is characterized in that: the water ratio after both described breeding waste and agriculture and forestry organic waste material are uniformly mixed is 60%.
5breeding waste according to claim 1 and the airtight aerobic biological organic fertilizer technique processed of agriculture and forestry organic waste material, is characterized in that: the globule size of described fertilizer is 0.2cm.
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| CN104232691B (en) * | 2014-08-01 | 2017-05-24 | 中国科学院广州能源研究所 | Method for preparing biogas and soil conditioner by utilizing stevia rebaudiana processing waste |
| CN106905072B (en) * | 2017-02-10 | 2021-02-02 | 同济大学 | Straw smoldering and rapid humification combined utilization method and humic fertilizer product thereof |
| CN107056349A (en) * | 2017-03-21 | 2017-08-18 | 天津国丰民裕农业科技有限公司 | A kind of rotten nonreactive organic fertilizer special production line of speed |
| CN107673468B (en) * | 2017-10-31 | 2024-03-26 | 北京首旺科技有限公司 | Linear urban pipe network sewage drainage system, irrigation system, monitoring and control system capable of manufacturing organic fertilizer |
| CN108002954B (en) * | 2017-12-12 | 2021-08-10 | 农业部规划设计研究院 | Anaerobic-aerobic balanced fermentation method for agricultural wastes |
| CN109851428A (en) * | 2019-02-27 | 2019-06-07 | 安徽莱姆佳生物科技股份有限公司 | A kind of method of stalk and the innoxious production organic fertilizer of feces of livestock and poultry |
| CN109984011A (en) * | 2019-02-27 | 2019-07-09 | 安徽莱姆佳生物科技股份有限公司 | A kind of method of stalk and the innoxious production biological seedling matrix of feces of livestock and poultry |
| CN111194826A (en) * | 2020-01-14 | 2020-05-26 | 大连海洋大学 | Method for preparing bait from aquaculture solid waste |
| CN111533416B (en) * | 2020-05-18 | 2022-04-08 | 宇恒(南京)环保装备科技有限公司 | Method for solid-liquid synergistic aerobic biological fermentation of high-nutrition waste organic matters |
| CN112830824A (en) * | 2020-10-29 | 2021-05-25 | 湖南艾布鲁环保科技股份有限公司 | Resource utilization method for hermetia illucens fertilizer combined with multi-stage organic waste |
| CN112939650A (en) * | 2021-02-05 | 2021-06-11 | 朱亚菲 | Garden waste treatment system and process based on novel ammonia nitrogen removal technology |
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