CN111194826A - Method for preparing bait from aquaculture solid waste - Google Patents
Method for preparing bait from aquaculture solid waste Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN111194826A CN111194826A CN202010035209.7A CN202010035209A CN111194826A CN 111194826 A CN111194826 A CN 111194826A CN 202010035209 A CN202010035209 A CN 202010035209A CN 111194826 A CN111194826 A CN 111194826A
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- Prior art keywords
- solid waste
- aquaculture
- bait
- putting
- waste
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/20—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin
- A23K10/26—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin from waste material, e.g. feathers, bones or skin
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/10—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes
- A23K10/12—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes by fermentation of natural products, e.g. of vegetable material, animal waste material or biomass
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
- A23K10/37—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms from waste material
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/163—Sugars; Polysaccharides
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/174—Vitamins
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K40/00—Shaping or working-up of animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K40/10—Shaping or working-up of animal feeding-stuffs by agglomeration; by granulation, e.g. making powders
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/80—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for aquatic animals, e.g. fish, crustaceans or molluscs
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
- Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for preparing bait by utilizing aquaculture solid waste, which comprises the steps of separating, concentrating, canning, inoculating, fermenting, uniformly mixing, granulating and the like. The method treats the solid waste generated in the aquaculture process by an aerobic fermentation method, can kill pathogenic microorganisms in the solid waste, and can improve the content of protein in the solid waste. The bait supported by the method can be used for breeding the clamworm, the idea that the traditional aquaculture solid waste can only be used as a fertilizer or a biogas source is changed, the solid waste is converted into the biological energy of the clamworm through the feeding activity of the clamworm, and the bred clamworm can be sold in the market and becomes an important economic value, so that the bait is a circular economy development mode for changing waste into valuable.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of aquaculture, in particular to a method for preparing bait by utilizing aquaculture solid waste.
Background
The industrial aquaculture can produce a large amount of fish and shrimp excrement due to high culture density, high culture yield and the like. In addition, incomplete ingestion of residual baits and large body-shedding substances, together with feces, constitute large solid waste. Along with the prolonging of the culture time and the increasing of the culture density, the concentration of solid particles in the culture water body is greatly increased, the culture water quality is deteriorated, and meanwhile, the granular organic matters are decomposed by microorganisms and consume a large amount of oxygen, so that the hypoxia of the culture water body is caused, and the safety of cultured animals is harmed. The excessive concentration of the granular organic matters can cause the mass propagation of pathogenic microorganisms, thereby threatening the safety of cultured animals. Compared with the breeding wastewater, the method has the advantages that solid wastes such as residual bait, excrement and the like generated in industrial breeding are not treated by a plurality of effective treatment methods. Direct discharge into the environment is currently mostly used, and therefore, has a significant adverse effect on the safety of the surrounding environment. Because the digestion and absorption of the cultivated animals to food are limited, the residual bait and excrement still contain more nutrient substances, and the nutrient substances are directly discharged, so that the nutrition of the receiving water body or sediment is easily caused, the water quality is reduced, and the water environment safety is harmed. Especially in seawater industrial culture, the residual baits and feces of animals contain a large amount of salt, and cannot be utilized in the simplest composting mode, and the treatment and utilization of the salt are difficult in the industry. At present, most of residual baits and feces generated by industrial seawater fish and shrimp culture in China are directly discharged into the ocean, which is one of the main reasons for the eutrophication of offshore marine environments, and foreign research reports on the aspects are few. Therefore, the method develops the restoration and resource utilization of the aquaculture solid waste, reduces the influence of the aquaculture solid waste on the marine environment, changes waste into valuable, is a necessary trend of aquaculture development, and is particularly urgent in seawater industrial aquaculture.
Currently, few research reports are reported on solid wastes generated in industrial aquaculture, and only the solid wastes are acidified into carbon sources after anaerobic fermentation and are utilized as the carbon sources in wastewater treatment. In addition, reports about mixing the collected kelp residues with kelp residues, feeding the mixed kelp residues into a methane tank, and fermenting the mixed kelp residues into methane are also provided. Although the method can utilize solid waste as resources, the method also has the problems of complex process, single means, unstable treatment capacity and the like, particularly, the utilization of the solid waste in seawater industrial aquaculture, such as biogas bacteria culture and fermentation conditions under high salt conditions are difficult to control, and the formed biogas can be used for daily life of a farm, but has low economic benefit. The acidified liquid formed by anaerobic fermentation is used as a carbon source, so that various problems such as storage, transportation and utilization exist, and visual economic benefits are difficult to generate.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the defects in the prior art and provides a method for preparing bait by using aquaculture solid waste, and the bait obtained by the method can be used as the bait for clam worm culture, so that the cost of the clam worm culture is reduced.
The technical solution of the invention is as follows: a method for preparing bait by utilizing aquaculture solid waste is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
a. separation: separating solid waste of aquaculture objects such as factory circulating water, fish, shrimp and the like by using devices such as a coarse filtration device, a solid-liquid separator, a micro-filter and the like to obtain solid waste rich in water,
b. concentration: the water content of the solid waste is lower than 95 percent by adopting a water-control concentration method,
c. putting into a tank: putting the concentrated solid waste into an aerobic fermentation tank, wherein the volume of the aerobic fermentation tank is 2-3 times of the volume of the solid waste to be fermented, adding brown sugar and the like which are 5-15% of the mass of the solid waste to be fermented as a carbon source,
d. inoculation: inoculating a composite microbial inoculum to the solid waste in the aerobic fermentation tank, wherein the mass ratio of the composite microbial inoculum to the solid waste is 1-5:100, uniformly mixing by using a physical stirring or mechanical stirring mode,
e. fermentation: fermenting at 24-35 deg.C for 48-120 hr, stirring every 1-2 hr while introducing air, raising fermentation temperature to 60-70 deg.C at uniform speed for 6-12 hr to complete aerobic fermentation of solid waste,
f. mixing, namely taking 30-40 parts of fermented waste, 10-15 parts of commercially available kelp powder and 0.5-1 part of compound multivitamin as raw materials, putting the raw materials into a feed mixer according to the mass ratio for mixing,
g. and (3) granulating: and (3) putting the uniformly mixed material into a pellet feed machine for pelletizing to prepare the pellet feed with the grain diameter of 0.5-1.5 mm and the grain length of 1.5-3 mm.
The compound microbial inoculum comprises a plurality of bacillus subtilis, lactobacillus, saccharomycetes and EM bacteria.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
the method for preparing bait by using the solid wastes of the aquaculture, disclosed by the invention, treats the solid wastes generated in the aquaculture process by an aerobic fermentation method, can kill pathogenic microorganisms in the solid wastes, and can improve the protein content in the solid wastes. The bait supported by the method can be used for breeding the clamworm, the idea that the traditional aquaculture solid waste can only be used as a fertilizer or a biogas source is changed, the solid waste is converted into the biological energy of the clamworm through the feeding activity of the clamworm, and the bred clamworm can be sold in the market and becomes an important economic value, so that the bait is a circular economy development mode for changing waste into valuable.
Detailed Description
The following will explain specific embodiments of the present invention.
A method for preparing bait by utilizing aquaculture solid waste comprises the following steps:
a. separation: separating solid waste of aquaculture objects such as factory circulating water, fish, shrimp and the like by using devices such as a coarse filtration device, a solid-liquid separator, a micro-filter and the like to obtain solid waste rich in water,
b. concentration: the water content of the solid waste is lower than 95 percent by adopting a water-control concentration method,
c. putting into a tank: putting the concentrated solid waste into an aerobic fermentation tank, wherein the volume of the aerobic fermentation tank is 2-3 times of the volume of the solid waste to be fermented, adding brown sugar and the like which are 5-15% of the mass of the solid waste to be fermented as a carbon source,
d. inoculation: inoculating a composite microbial inoculum to the solid waste in the aerobic fermentation tank, wherein the mass ratio of the composite microbial inoculum to the solid waste is 1-5:100, uniformly mixing by utilizing a physical stirring mode,
e. fermentation: fermenting at 24-35 deg.C for 48-120 hr, stirring every 1-2 hr while introducing air, raising fermentation temperature to 60-70 deg.C at uniform speed for 6-12 hr to complete aerobic fermentation of solid waste,
f. mixing, namely taking 30-40 parts of fermented waste, 10-15 parts of commercially available kelp powder and 0.5-1 part of compound multivitamin as raw materials, putting the raw materials into a feed mixer according to the mass ratio for mixing,
g. and (3) granulating: and (3) putting the uniformly mixed material into a pellet feed machine for pelletizing to prepare the pellet feed with the grain diameter of 0.5-1.5 mm and the grain length of 1.5-3 mm.
The compound microbial inoculum comprises a plurality of bacillus subtilis, lactobacillus, saccharomycetes and EM bacteria.
Clam worm breeding: feeding the prepared granular bait to industrially cultured Perinereis aibuhitensis every day according to 5-10% of the total weight of the cultured Perinereis aibuhitensis, feeding for 1 time every day, and feeding after water change to culture Nereis aibuensis, wherein the Nereis aibuensis comprises Perinereis aibuhitensis, Japanese Nereis aibuensis, Nereis aibuhitensis, Setaria sanguinea, etc.
The first embodiment is as follows:
a method for preparing bait by utilizing aquaculture solid waste comprises the following steps:
separation: and (3) separating solid waste generated in the factory circulating water fish culture pond by using a solid-liquid separator to obtain the solid waste.
Concentration: the water content of the solid waste is up to 90% by adopting a water-control concentration method.
Putting into a tank: and (3) putting the concentrated solid waste into an aerobic fermentation tank, wherein the volume of the aerobic fermentation tank is 2 times of the volume of the solid waste to be fermented.
Inoculation: inoculating the composite microbial inoculum into the solid waste according to the proportion of 3 parts of the composite microbial inoculum to 100 parts (by mass) of the solid waste, and uniformly mixing by a physical stirring method.
Fermentation: fermenting at 26 deg.C for 18 hr, stirring every 1 hr while introducing air to complete aerobic fermentation of the solid waste. And finally, within 6 hours, raising the fermentation temperature to 70 ℃ at a constant speed, and fermenting for 6 hours.
And (3) uniformly mixing, namely putting 30 parts of fermented waste, 10 parts of commercially available kelp powder and 1 part of compound multivitamin into a feed mixer for uniformly mixing.
And (3) granulating: and (3) putting the uniformly mixed material into a granulated feed machine for granulation to prepare granulated feed with the grain diameter of 1.0mm and the grain length of 2.0 mm.
Clam worm breeding: feeding the prepared granular bait to industrially cultured Perinereis aibuhitensis every day according to 5% of the total weight of the cultured Perinereis aibuhitensis, feeding for 1 time every day, and feeding after water change to culture Perinereis aibuhitensis.
The second embodiment is as follows:
a method for preparing bait by utilizing aquaculture solid waste comprises the following steps:
separation: and (3) separating solid waste generated in the factory circulating water fish culture pond by using a solid-liquid separator to obtain the solid waste.
Concentration: the water content of the solid waste is up to 95% by adopting a water-control concentration method.
Putting into a tank: and (3) putting the concentrated solid waste into an aerobic fermentation tank, wherein the volume of the aerobic fermentation tank is 3 times of that of the solid waste to be fermented.
Inoculation: according to the proportion of 4 parts of the composite microbial inoculum and 100 parts (by mass) of the solid waste, the composite microbial inoculum is inoculated into the solid waste and uniformly mixed by a physical stirring method.
Fermentation: fermenting at 30 deg.C for 14 hr, stirring every 1.5 hr while introducing air to complete aerobic fermentation of the solid waste. And finally, within 8 hours, raising the fermentation temperature to 65 ℃ at a constant speed, and fermenting for 8 hours.
And (3) uniformly mixing 40 parts of fermented waste, 15 parts of commercially available kelp powder and 1 part of compound multivitamin in a feed mixer.
And (3) granulating: and (3) putting the uniformly mixed material into a granulated feed machine for granulation to prepare granulated feed with the grain diameter of 1.5mm and the grain length of 2.5 mm.
Clam worm breeding: feeding the prepared granular bait to industrially cultured Perinereis aibuhitensis every day according to 7% of the total weight of the cultured Perinereis aibuhitensis, feeding for 2 times every day, and feeding after water change to culture Perinereis aibuhitensis.
Claims (2)
1. A method for preparing bait by utilizing aquaculture solid waste is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
a. separation: separating solid waste of aquaculture objects such as factory circulating water, fish, shrimp and the like by using devices such as a coarse filtration device, a solid-liquid separator, a micro-filter and the like to obtain solid waste rich in water,
b. concentration: the water content of the solid waste is lower than 95 percent by adopting a water-control concentration method,
c. putting into a tank: putting the concentrated solid waste into an aerobic fermentation tank, wherein the volume of the aerobic fermentation tank is 2-3 times of the volume of the solid waste to be fermented, adding brown sugar and the like which are 5-15% of the mass of the solid waste to be fermented as a carbon source,
d. inoculation: inoculating a composite microbial inoculum to the solid waste in the aerobic fermentation tank, wherein the mass ratio of the composite microbial inoculum to the solid waste is 1-5:100, uniformly mixing by using a physical stirring or mechanical stirring mode,
e. fermentation: fermenting at 24-35 deg.C for 48-120 hr, stirring every 1-2 hr while introducing air, raising fermentation temperature to 60-70 deg.C at uniform speed for 6-12 hr to complete aerobic fermentation of solid waste,
f. mixing, namely taking 30-40 parts of fermented waste, 10-15 parts of commercially available kelp powder and 0.5-1 part of compound multivitamin as raw materials, putting the raw materials into a feed mixer according to the mass ratio for mixing,
g. and (3) granulating: and (3) putting the uniformly mixed material into a pellet feed machine for pelletizing to prepare the pellet feed with the grain diameter of 0.5-1.5 mm and the grain length of 1.5-3 mm.
2. The method of utilizing bait made from aquaculture solid waste of claim 1, wherein: the compound microbial inoculum comprises a plurality of bacillus subtilis, lactobacillus, saccharomycetes and EM bacteria.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010035209.7A CN111194826A (en) | 2020-01-14 | 2020-01-14 | Method for preparing bait from aquaculture solid waste |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010035209.7A CN111194826A (en) | 2020-01-14 | 2020-01-14 | Method for preparing bait from aquaculture solid waste |
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| CN111194826A true CN111194826A (en) | 2020-05-26 |
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| CN202010035209.7A Pending CN111194826A (en) | 2020-01-14 | 2020-01-14 | Method for preparing bait from aquaculture solid waste |
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Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2003275721A (en) * | 2002-03-25 | 2003-09-30 | Koji Mikuni | Decomposition agent for fishery waste organic nutrient material and production method therefor |
| CN103098764A (en) * | 2013-02-06 | 2013-05-15 | 大连海洋大学 | Method for purifying solid waste in sea cucumber factory-like seedling protecting-cultivating pool by utilization of clam worms |
| CN103483025A (en) * | 2013-09-13 | 2014-01-01 | 张共敏 | Technology for preparing bio-organic fertilizer through aquaculture waste and forestry and agricultural waste in sealed and aerobiotic mode |
| CN105331553A (en) * | 2015-10-20 | 2016-02-17 | 西南科技大学 | Preparation method of complex microbial inoculant for high-temperature rapid composting of breeding and slaughtering solid wastes |
| CN106719159A (en) * | 2017-01-16 | 2017-05-31 | 上海海洋大学 | A kind of Anguilla marmorata feeds mode |
| CN109362941A (en) * | 2018-10-15 | 2019-02-22 | 中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所 | A kind of preservation and application method of fish farming system solid waste |
| CN110078305A (en) * | 2019-05-21 | 2019-08-02 | 湖南泰谷生态工程有限公司 | A kind of breeding waste comprehensive utilization prevention and treatment pollution of area source method |
-
2020
- 2020-01-14 CN CN202010035209.7A patent/CN111194826A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2003275721A (en) * | 2002-03-25 | 2003-09-30 | Koji Mikuni | Decomposition agent for fishery waste organic nutrient material and production method therefor |
| CN103098764A (en) * | 2013-02-06 | 2013-05-15 | 大连海洋大学 | Method for purifying solid waste in sea cucumber factory-like seedling protecting-cultivating pool by utilization of clam worms |
| CN103483025A (en) * | 2013-09-13 | 2014-01-01 | 张共敏 | Technology for preparing bio-organic fertilizer through aquaculture waste and forestry and agricultural waste in sealed and aerobiotic mode |
| CN105331553A (en) * | 2015-10-20 | 2016-02-17 | 西南科技大学 | Preparation method of complex microbial inoculant for high-temperature rapid composting of breeding and slaughtering solid wastes |
| CN106719159A (en) * | 2017-01-16 | 2017-05-31 | 上海海洋大学 | A kind of Anguilla marmorata feeds mode |
| CN109362941A (en) * | 2018-10-15 | 2019-02-22 | 中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所 | A kind of preservation and application method of fish farming system solid waste |
| CN110078305A (en) * | 2019-05-21 | 2019-08-02 | 湖南泰谷生态工程有限公司 | A kind of breeding waste comprehensive utilization prevention and treatment pollution of area source method |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 江华明等: "猪粪固形物饵料化试验研究" * |
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