CN108545829B - Method for in-situ aerobic denitrification treatment and purification of aquaculture sewage - Google Patents
Method for in-situ aerobic denitrification treatment and purification of aquaculture sewage Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of sewage in-situ advanced treatment and purification, in particular to a method for in-situ aerobic denitrification treatment and purification of aquaculture sewage. Treating the fecal residual bait in the culture pond, mixing the treated fecal residual bait with a composite strain, antibiotics, a high-alcohol fatty acid ester compound and a microbial flocculant, fermenting and culturing, wherein the precipitate obtained by culturing is a microbial flocculation precipitate with an anaerobic nitrification-aerobic denitrification function; adding an organic carbon source into the cultured fermentation liquor, uniformly mixing, and spraying on the surface of the aquaculture animal feed to obtain an anaerobic nitrification-aerobic denitrification bacteria spraying feed; mixing the obtained microbial flocculation sediment with a spraying feed, and adding the mixture into a culture pond to be treated for eating by aquaculture animals in the culture pond; adjusting the water body in the culture pond, adding the composite strains into the culture water body, and further forming heterotrophic nitrification-aerobic denitrification functional active bacterial colony flocs capable of purifying the water body in the water body; the obtained substances are utilized to realize in-situ aerobic denitrification advanced treatment of the water body of the culture pond and remove organic matters, ammonia nitrogen, nitrite nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of sewage in-situ advanced treatment and purification, in particular to a method for in-situ aerobic denitrification treatment and purification of aquaculture sewage.
Background
Factory breeding is an important mode of modern fishery breeding. The problems of water environment pollution, frequent aquatic diseases and the like caused by large-scale industrial culture seriously trouble and obstruct the development of the aquaculture industry in China. The influence of the large amount of aquaculture wastewater on the water quality of offshore aquaculture water areas is great, and meanwhile, the increasingly serious offshore pollution causes great threat and harm to the mariculture, so that the treatment cost of industrial aquaculture water sources is increased. As a technology-intensive industrial culture mode, the culture water in-situ purification treatment technology has the advantages of little ecological environment damage, little tail water discharge and the like, not only can protect the offshore ecological environment, but also can obtain high-yield and high-quality aquatic products. Therefore, the in-situ purification treatment of the aquaculture water body is one of the key development directions in the aquaculture field. The recirculating aquaculture is the inevitable choice for sustainable development of land-based mariculture in China, but the prior art for recycling water for aquaculture systems has the disadvantages of less technology, higher treatment cost and general nitrogen removal effect, and greatly limits the popularization and application of the recirculating aquaculture technology. Therefore, the development of the aquaculture water in-situ advanced treatment and purification technology with low cost and simple operation has important research significance and practical application value.
In recent years, the biological flocculation technology has a certain application in the aquaculture industry, can realize the rapid conversion of ammonia nitrogen in a water body, plays a role in purifying water quality, and can be used as high-protein bait for feeding aquatic animals to eat so as to reduce the feed cost. Through the literature search of the prior art, the situation that Deng can wait for the formation condition and action effect of biological flocs in a closed Litopenaeus vannamei culture experiment is found, the introduction of the biological floc technology into a closed Litopenaeus vannamei culture system can maintain the nitrogen concentration of ammonia nitrogen and nitrite in a water body at a low level, and the survival rate of the Litopenaeus vannamei is more than 80% (Fishery science progress, 2012, 33(2): 69-75); li bin et al in "influence of biological floc on water quality control and growth of Apostichopus japonicus (Apostichopus japonicus) young sea cucumber" mentioned herein, biological floc formed by adding carbon source and bacillus can not only purify water quality, but also promote growth of Apostichopus japonicus young sea cucumber (advances in fishery science, 2014, 46(1): 197-205). However, through research summary, the above technologies all add a large amount of organic carbon sources, only promote the ammonia nitrogen in the water to generate organic nitrogen through assimilation, but not remove nitrogen pollutants from the water, and have high oxygen consumption, and when the ventilation is insufficient, the accumulation of ammonia nitrogen and nitrite is easily caused, which limits the wide application of the technology in the field of water treatment. At present, no report exists for preparing heterotrophic nitrification-aerobic denitrification active bacteria groups and forming flocs through culture, wherein under the condition of low carbon consumption, the bacteria group flocs with heterotrophic nitrification-aerobic denitrification activity convert part of ammonia nitrogen in water in an aquaculture pond into active bacteria group floc organic nitrogen by using a limited organic carbon source, and simultaneously convert most of the remaining nitrogen pollutants into nitrogen to be removed, so that the in-situ aerobic denitrification treatment and purification of aquaculture water are realized.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for in-situ treatment and purification of aquaculture sewage, aiming at the defects of the prior art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
an in-situ aerobic denitrification treatment and purification method for aquaculture sewage.
1) Treating the fecal residual bait in the culture pond, mixing with bran and corn flour, adding composite strains, antibiotics, high alcohol fatty acid ester compound and microbial flocculant, fermenting and culturing to obtain a precipitate which is a microbial flocculation precipitate with heterotrophic nitrification-aerobic denitrification function; adding an organic carbon source into the cultured fermentation liquor, uniformly mixing, and spraying on the surface of the aquaculture animal feed to obtain the heterotrophic nitrification-aerobic denitrification bacteria spraying feed; mixing the obtained microbial flocculation sediment with a heterotrophic nitrification-aerobic denitrification bacteria spraying feed, adding the mixture into a culture pond to be treated for eating by aquaculture animals in the culture pond, and culturing for 7-10 days;
2) adjusting the C/N ratio of the water body in the culture pond to 10-20: 1; fully aerating the culture system, maintaining the dissolved oxygen of the water body to be 3.0-9.0 mg/L, adding composite strains into the culture water body, and further forming heterotrophic nitrification-aerobic denitrification functional active bacterial colony flocs capable of purifying the water body in the water body; the obtained heterotrophic nitrification-aerobic denitrification functional active bacterial colony floc, the heterotrophic nitrification-aerobic denitrification bacteria spray feed and the microbial flocculation sediment with the heterotrophic nitrification-aerobic denitrification function are utilized to realize in-situ aerobic denitrification advanced treatment of the water body of the culture pond and remove organic matters, ammonia nitrogen, nitrite nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen. Wherein, the TOC removal rate is stabilized at more than 95%, the TN removal rate is more than 94%, the ammonia nitrogen removal rate is 92% -99%, and the nitrite removal rate is 95% -100%.
The composite strain is heterotrophic nitrification-aerobic denitrification strain and microbial flocculant producing strain, and the step 1) is that the composite strain isThe addition amount of the seeds is 0.02 to 0.20 percent of the mass of the mixture of the fecal residual bait, the bran and the corn flour, and the inoculation amount of the composite strain in the step 2) is 0.5 multiplied by 109cfu/m3～5.0×109cfu/m3；
The heterotrophic nitrification-aerobic denitrification bacteria are one or more of pseudomonas, alcaligenes faecalis, arthrobacter and sulfur pan-cultured coccus; the microbial flocculant producing bacteria are one or more of pseudomonas, alcaligenes faecalis, arthrobacter and rhodococcus erythropolis. Wherein, the composite strain can be directly selected as a dual-function strain which not only is heterotrophic nitrification-aerobic denitrification strain, but also can be used as a microbial flocculant producing strain.
The method comprises the following steps of 1) taking excrement residual feed of a culture pond, sterilizing the excrement residual feed by potassium monopersulfate sterilization powder, mixing the excrement residual feed with bran and corn flour to obtain a mixture, adding a composite strain with the mass of 0.02-0.20% of that of the mixture, adding an antibiotic and a higher alcohol fatty acid ester compound, stirring after adding to control the water content of a reaction system to be 40-60%, controlling the C/N ratio to be 25-35: 1, and carrying out fermentation culture with the pH value of 6.5-7.5; after culturing for 5-10 days, adding a microbial flocculant into the culture, stirring to uniformly mix the microbial flocculant and the culture, wherein the precipitate obtained by culturing is a microbial flocculation precipitate with heterotrophic nitrification-aerobic denitrification function; adding an organic carbon source into the fermentation liquor obtained by culturing, uniformly mixing, spraying the mixture on the surface of the feed for the aquaculture animals to obtain heterotrophic nitrification-aerobic denitrification bacteria spraying feed, mixing the obtained microbial flocculation precipitate with the heterotrophic nitrification-aerobic denitrification bacteria spraying feed, adding the mixture into a culture pond to be treated for the aquaculture animals in the culture pond to eat, and culturing for 7-10 days; wherein the antibiotic is added in an amount such that the final concentration of the antibiotic in the mixture is 10-100 mug/L, the high-alcohol fatty acid ester compound is added in an amount of 1.0-3.0 g/kg, and the flocculant is added in an amount of 10-100 mg/L.
The higher alcohol fatty acid ester compound is a defoaming agent for food industry. The antibiotic is a common antibiotic for aquaculture, and specifically is one or more of sulfadiazine, oxytetracycline, florfenicol and ofloxacin. The aquaculture animals are one or more of fish, shrimp, shellfish and sea cucumber.
The excrement residual bait, the bran and the corn flour are mixed according to the mass ratio of 1:1, wherein the excrement residual bait accounts for 70% -90% of the excrement residual bait, and the bran and the corn flour account for 10% -30% of the corn flour.
Adding 1-5 wt% of organic carbon source into the fermentation liquor in the step 1), uniformly mixing, and spraying the mixture on the surface of the feed for the aquaculture animals to obtain the heterotrophic nitrification-aerobic denitrification bacteria spraying feed; wherein the organic carbon source is one or more of starch dextrin, sucrose and fructo-oligosaccharide.
Uniformly mixing the obtained microbial flocculation sediment with the heterotrophic nitrification-aerobic denitrification function and the heterotrophic nitrification-aerobic denitrification bacteria spray feed according to the mass ratio of 1: 10-20, using the mixture as aquaculture animal mixed feed, adding the aquaculture animal mixed feed into a culture pond to be treated, using the aquaculture animal feed and adjusting the water body.
The pico-bioflocculants are one or more of a flocculating agent NOC-1 produced by rhodococcus erythropolis, a flocculating agent AJ7002 produced by aspergillus sojae and a flocculating agent PF-101 produced by paecilomyces.
Adding an organic carbon source into the culture pond to adjust the C/N ratio of the water body to be 10-20: 1 in the step 2); the organic carbon source is one or more of starch dextrin, sucrose, brown sugar, fructo-oligosaccharide, bran and corn flour.
Continuously adjusting a carbon source in the aquaculture water body, and adjusting the C/N ratio of the aquaculture water body to be treated to 10-20: 1; the culture system is fully aerated, the dissolved oxygen of the water body is maintained to be 3.0-9.0 mg/L, the pH value is 7.8-8.2, and the concentration of the active bacterial colony floc in the water body is 0.02-0.20 mL/L. The obtained heterotrophic nitrification-aerobic denitrification functional active bacterial colony floc, the heterotrophic nitrification-aerobic denitrification bacterial spray feed and the microbial flocculation sediment with the heterotrophic nitrification-aerobic denitrification function are utilized to realize in-situ aerobic denitrification advanced treatment of the water body of the culture pond and remove organic matters, ammonia nitrogen, nitrite nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen. If the concentration of the active bacterial colonies in the culture pond is higher, the adding amount of the organic carbon source and the feed is reduced, and the redundant active bacterial colony flocs are filtered.
After the mixed foodstuff of the aquaculture animals is cultured and prepared, the mixed foodstuff is fed into a culture system regularly and quantitatively every day, the feeding amount of the mixed foodstuff every day is 3% -10% of the weight of the aquaculture animals, and the mixed foodstuff is adjusted according to factors such as the types and different growth states of the aquaculture animals to ensure the growth needs of the aquaculture animals.
The invention has the advantages that:
the invention prepares heterotrophic nitrification-aerobic denitrification active bacteria group by culture and forms floc, the obtained bacteria group floc converts part of ammonia nitrogen in aquaculture water into active bacteria group floc organic nitrogen by assimilation by using limited organic carbon source under the condition of low carbon consumption, and simultaneously converts most of the remaining nitrogen pollutants into nitrogen for removal, thereby realizing in-situ aerobic denitrification treatment and purification of aquaculture water, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
1) the invention effectively overcomes various technical problems of the traditional biological floccule culture technology. The heterotrophic nitrification-aerobic denitrification functional active bacterial colony floc constructed by the invention removes most of nitrogen but not converts the nitrogen into organic nitrogen through the action of heterotrophic nitrification-aerobic denitrification, thereby greatly reducing the consumption of an organic carbon source, saving the organic carbon source by 30-50%, reducing the addition of the organic carbon source and lowering the treatment and operation cost of culture water.
2) Aiming at the characteristic of oxygen enrichment in aquaculture water, the method overcomes the problem that oxygen is required to be removed in advance through denitrification, does not need to add artificial deoxygenation and a subsequent aeration reoxygenation process, directly utilizes heterotrophic nitrification-aerobic denitrification functional active bacterial colony floc under the condition of oxygen enrichment in aquaculture pond water, removes nitrogen pollutants through aerobic denitrification, reduces the complexity of a water treatment process, and reduces the operation energy consumption and cost, realizes in-situ aerobic removal of nitrogen, ensures normal aquaculture in a aquaculture pond, and simultaneously ensures simple operability of in-situ treatment and purification of aquaculture water.
3) The invention adopts the mixed foodstuff of the sterilized and reprocessed feces and residual bait of the aquaculture animals as the bait of the aquaculture animals, strengthens and inputs heterotrophic nitrification-aerobic denitrification bacteria into a culture system, and simultaneously carries out pre-domestication on the ingestion habits of the aquaculture animals, thereby improving the ingestion rate of the aquaculture animals to the bacterial colony flocs cultured and generated in a subsequent culture pond, saving the feed, realizing the recycling of the bait, being capable of ecologically and friendly solving the problem of retention of the feces and the residual bait in the culture water body and reducing the environmental pollution.
4) The investment capital construction cost is low, the in-situ purification system of the culture pond water can be quickly constructed according to the actual situation, the system does not need to change water, the problem of lack of high-quality water sources in coastal areas can be effectively solved, and the problem of serious pollution caused by the discharge of culture tail water can be solved.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENT (S) OF INVENTION
The present invention is further illustrated by the following examples, which, however, are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Example 1
The in-situ deep treatment and purification of the aquaculture water body of a certain prawn aquaculture base in the coastal zone can ensure that animals in the aquaculture pond can grow normally:
1) collecting the substances such as feces and residual bait in a culture pond, putting the substances into a biological culture pond, adding 0.5mg/L of potassium monopersulfate disinfection powder, stirring to uniformly mix the substances, and reacting for 2 hours; mixing the sterilized fecal residual bait with a mixture of bran and corn flour in equal proportion, adding a composite strain, and placing in a biological culture pond; meanwhile, adding common antibiotics for aquaculture to perform antibiotic acclimation; adding high-carbon alcohol fatty acid ester compound to play defoaming and foam inhibiting roles; properly stirring in a culture pond, controlling the water content of a reaction system to be within 40-60%, controlling the C/N ratio to be within 25-35: 1, controlling the pH to be 6.5-7.5, and culturing for 5-10 days; adding a microbial flocculant into the biological culture pond, stirring and uniformly mixing to prepare the microbial flocculation precipitate with the heterotrophic nitrification-aerobic denitrification function.
Wherein the adding amounts of the fecal residual bait, the bran, the corn flour and the mixed strain are respectively 70% of the adding amount of the fecal residual bait, the bran and the corn flour are mixed according to the proportion of 1:1, the total adding amount is 30%, and the adding amount of the composite strain is 0.02%; the heterotrophic nitrification-aerobic denitrification bacteria and microbial flocculant producing bacteria composite strains are strains formed by mixing pseudomonas, alcaligenes faecalis, arthrobacter, pantococcus sulphureus and rhodococcus erythropolis according to any proportion; the microbial flocculant is a flocculant NOC-1 produced by Rhodococcus erythropolis, and the addition amount is 10 mg/L; the high-alcohol fatty acid ester compound is a defoaming agent for food industry, and the addition amount is 1.0 g/kg; the antibiotic domestication of the culture system is carried out by mixing the antibiotics with the mass ratio of sulfadiazine, oxytetracycline, florfenicol and ofloxacin, and the addition concentration is 10 mug/L.
2) And (2) adding a mixture of starch dextrin, sucrose and fructo-oligosaccharide into the fermentation liquor obtained in the step 1) in the microbial flocculation precipitate culture process, wherein the addition amount is 1.0%, uniformly mixing, and uniformly spraying the mixture on the surface of the prawn feed to prepare the heterotrophic nitrification-aerobic denitrifying bacteria spray feed.
3) Uniformly mixing the microbial flocculation precipitate prepared in the step 1) with the prawn feed sprayed in the step 2) according to a mass ratio of 1:20 to prepare prawn mixed foodstuff, feeding the mixed foodstuff into the aquaculture water body regularly and quantitatively every day, wherein the feeding amount is 3-10% of the weight of the prawn every day, and the prawn mixed foodstuff is determined according to factors such as the size, survival rate, water quality, weather and feed quality of the prawn so as to ensure the growth requirement of the prawn.
4) After feeding the mixed food for 7-10 days, properly adding an organic carbon source (a mixture of starch dextrin, sucrose, fructo-oligosaccharide, bran, corn flour and the like in a mass ratio) into the culture water body, and adjusting the C/N ratio of the water body to 10-20: 1; fully aerating the culture system, and maintaining the dissolved oxygen of the water body to be 3.0-9.0 mg/L; adding heterotrophic nitrification-aerobic denitrification bacteria and microbial flocculant producing bacteria composite strain with the inoculation amount of 0.5 multiplied by 10 into the culture water body9cfu/m3Finally, a large amount of active bacterial colony flocs with heterotrophic nitrification-aerobic denitrification functions are generated in the water body.
5) Continuously adjusting the C/N ratio of the aquaculture water to 10-20: 1, supplementing a carbon source when the C/N ratio is insufficient, monitoring water quality indexes, controlling the concentration of active bacterial colony flocs to be 10mL/L, controlling the pH to be 7.8-8.2, and controlling the dissolved oxygen to be 3.0-9.0 mg/L, so that the growth requirement of the prawns is met, and further the in-situ deep treatment of aquaculture water is realized. When the concentration of the active bacterial colonies is higher, the organic carbon source and the feed dosage are reduced, and when the effect is not good, the redundant active bacterial colonies are filtered.
Domesticating the culture water body under the conditions of high nitrogen and low carbon, realizing in-situ advanced treatment of the culture pond water body, and removing organic matters, ammonia nitrogen, nitrite nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen. Wherein, the TOC removal rate is 95%, the TN removal rate is 94%, the ammonia nitrogen removal rate is 93%, and the nitrite removal rate is 96%. Monitoring water quality indexes, controlling the concentration of active bacterial colony flocs to be 10mL/L, controlling the pH to be 7.8-8.2, controlling the C/N ratio to be 10-20: 1, and controlling the dissolved oxygen to be 3.0-9.0 mg/L, so as to meet the growth requirements of the prawns and further realize the in-situ deep treatment of the prawn culture water body.
Example 2
In-situ advanced treatment and purification of a certain tilapia culture pond culture water body and normal growth of animals in the culture pond:
1) collecting the substances such as feces and residual bait in a culture pond, putting the substances into a biological culture pond, adding 3.0mg/L of potassium monopersulfate disinfection powder, stirring to uniformly mix the substances, and reacting for 8 hours; mixing the sterilized fecal residual bait with a mixture of bran and corn flour in equal proportion, adding a composite strain, and placing in a biological culture pond; meanwhile, adding common antibiotics for aquaculture to perform antibiotic acclimation; adding high-carbon alcohol fatty acid ester compound to play defoaming and foam inhibiting roles; properly stirring in a culture pond, controlling the water content of a reaction system to be within 40-60%, controlling the C/N ratio to be within 25-35: 1, controlling the pH to be 6.5-7.5, and culturing for 5-10 days; adding a microbial flocculant into the biological culture pond, stirring and uniformly mixing to prepare the microbial flocculation precipitate with the heterotrophic nitrification-aerobic denitrification function.
Wherein the adding amounts of the fecal residual bait, the bran, the corn flour and the mixed strain are respectively 90% of the adding amount of the fecal residual bait, the bran and the corn flour are mixed according to the proportion of 1:1, the total adding amount is 10%, and the adding amount of the composite strain is 0.1%; the heterotrophic nitrification-aerobic denitrification bacteria and microbial flocculant producing bacteria composite strains are strains formed by mixing pseudomonas, alcaligenes faecalis, arthrobacter, pantococcus sulphureus and rhodococcus erythropolis according to any proportion; the microbial flocculant is a flocculant NOC-1 produced by Rhodococcus erythropolis, and the addition amount is 30 mg/L; the high-alcohol fatty acid ester compound is a defoaming agent for food industry, and the addition amount is 1.5 g/kg; the antibiotic domestication of the culture system adopts a mixture of sulfadiazine, oxytetracycline, florfenicol, oxafloxacin and the like in a mass ratio, and the addition concentration is 20 mug/L.
2) And (2) adding a mixture of starch dextrin, sucrose and fructo-oligosaccharide into the fermentation liquor obtained in the step 1) in the culture process of the biological flocculation precipitate, wherein the addition amount is 3.0%, uniformly mixing, and uniformly spraying the mixture on the surface of the tilapia mossambica feed to prepare the heterotrophic nitrification-aerobic denitrifying bacteria spray feed.
3) Uniformly mixing the biological flocculation precipitate prepared in the step 1) and the tilapia feed sprayed in the step 2) according to the mass ratio of 1:10, preparing tilapia mixed foodstuff, regularly and quantitatively feeding the mixed foodstuff into a culture water body every day, wherein the daily feeding amount is 5-10% of the weight of tilapia, and the requirements of the tilapia on growth are ensured according to the factors such as the size, the survival rate, the water quality, the feed quality and the like of the tilapia.
4) After feeding the mixed food for 7-10 days, properly adding an organic carbon source (a mixture of starch dextrin, sucrose, fructo-oligosaccharide, bran, corn flour and the like in a mass ratio) into the culture water body, and adjusting the C/N ratio of the water body to 10-20: 1; fully aerating the culture system, and maintaining the dissolved oxygen of the water body to be 3.0-9.0 mg/L; adding heterotrophic nitrification-aerobic denitrification bacteria and microbial flocculant producing bacteria composite strain into the culture water body, wherein the inoculation amount of the composite strain is 3.0 multiplied by 109cfu/m3Finally, a large amount of active bacterial colony flocs with heterotrophic nitrification-aerobic denitrification functions are generated in the water body.
5) Continuously adjusting the C/N ratio of the aquaculture water to 10-20: 1, supplementing a carbon source when the C/N ratio is insufficient, monitoring water quality indexes, controlling the concentration of active bacterial colony flocs to be 30mL/L, controlling the pH to be 7.8-8.2, and controlling the dissolved oxygen to be 3.0-9.0 mg/L, so that the growth requirement of tilapia is met, and the in-situ deep treatment of aquaculture water is realized. When the concentration of the active bacteria colony flocs is higher, the organic carbon source and the feed addition amount are reduced, and when the effect is not good, the redundant active bacteria colony flocs are filtered.
Domesticating the culture water body under the conditions of high nitrogen and low carbon, realizing in-situ advanced treatment of the culture pond water body, and removing organic matters, ammonia nitrogen, nitrite nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen. Wherein, the TOC removal rate is 96 percent, the TN removal rate is 94 percent, the ammonia nitrogen removal rate is 96 percent, and the nitrite removal rate is 99 percent. Monitoring water quality indexes, controlling the concentration of active bacterial colony flocs to be 30mL/L, controlling the pH to be 7.8-8.2, controlling the C/N ratio to be 10-20: 1, and controlling the dissolved oxygen to be 3.0-9.0 mg/L, so as to meet the growth requirements of tilapia and realize the in-situ deep treatment of tilapia culture water.
Example 3
In-situ advanced treatment and purification of a culture water body of a certain shrimp, ginseng and shellfish culture pond and normal growth of animals in the culture pond:
1) collecting the substances such as feces and residual bait in a culture pond, putting the substances into a biological culture pond, adding 2.0mg/L of potassium monopersulfate disinfection powder, stirring to uniformly mix the substances, and reacting for 5 hours; mixing the sterilized fecal residual bait with a mixture of bran and corn flour in equal proportion, adding a composite strain, and placing in a biological culture pond; meanwhile, adding common antibiotics for aquaculture to perform antibiotic acclimation; adding high-carbon alcohol fatty acid ester compound to play defoaming and foam inhibiting roles; properly stirring in a culture pond, controlling the water content of a reaction system to be within 40-60%, controlling the C/N ratio to be within 25-35: 1, controlling the pH to be 6.5-7.5, and culturing for 5-10 days; adding a microbial flocculant into the biological culture pond, stirring and uniformly mixing to prepare the microbial flocculation precipitate with the heterotrophic nitrification-aerobic denitrification function.
Wherein the adding amounts of the fecal residual bait, the bran, the corn flour and the mixed strain are respectively 80% of the adding amount of the fecal residual bait, the bran and the corn flour are mixed according to the proportion of 1:1, the total adding amount is 20%, and the adding amount of the composite strain is 0.04%; the heterotrophic nitrification-aerobic denitrification bacteria and microbial flocculant producing bacteria composite strains are strains formed by mixing pseudomonas, alcaligenes faecalis, arthrobacter, pantococcus sulphureus and rhodococcus erythropolis according to any proportion; the microbial flocculant is a flocculant NOC-1 produced by Rhodococcus erythropolis, and the addition amount is 20 mg/L; the high-alcohol fatty acid ester compound is a defoaming agent for food industry, and the addition amount is 2.0 g/kg; the antibiotic domestication of the culture system is realized by mixing the antibiotics such as sulfadiazine, oxytetracycline, florfenicol, oxafloxacin and the like in a mass ratio, and the addition concentration is 15 mug/L.
2) And (2) adding a mixture of starch dextrin, sucrose and fructo-oligosaccharide into the fermentation liquor obtained in the step 1) in the culture process of the biological flocculation precipitate, wherein the addition amount is 2.0%, uniformly mixing, and uniformly spraying the mixture on the surface of the shrimp, ginseng and shellfish feed to prepare the heterotrophic nitrification-aerobic denitrifying bacteria spray feed.
3) Uniformly mixing the biological flocculation precipitate prepared in the step 1) with the shrimp, ginseng and shellfish feed sprayed in the step 2) according to the mass ratio of 1:15, preparing mixed food, feeding the mixed food into the aquaculture water body regularly and quantitatively every day, wherein the feeding amount is 3% -10% of the weight of the shrimp, ginseng and shellfish every day, and the growth requirement of the shrimp, ginseng and shellfish is ensured according to factors such as the size, the survival rate, the water quality, the weather and the feed quality of the shrimp, ginseng and shellfish.
4) After feeding the mixed food for 7-10 days, properly adding an organic carbon source (a mixture of starch dextrin, sucrose, fructo-oligosaccharide, bran, corn flour and the like in a mass ratio) into the culture water body, and adjusting the C/N ratio of the water body to 10-20: 1; fully aerating the culture system, and maintaining the dissolved oxygen of the water body to be 3.0-9.0 mg/L; adding heterotrophic nitrification-aerobic denitrification bacteria and microbial flocculant producing bacteria composite strain into the culture water body, wherein the inoculation amount of the composite strain is 2.0 multiplied by 109cfu/m3Finally, a large amount of active bacterial colony flocs with heterotrophic nitrification-aerobic denitrification functions are generated in the water body.
5) Continuously adjusting the C/N ratio of the aquaculture water to 10-20: 1, supplementing a carbon source when the C/N ratio is insufficient, monitoring water quality indexes, controlling the concentration of active bacterial colony flocs to be 20mL/L, controlling the pH to be 7.8-8.2, and controlling the dissolved oxygen to be 3.0-9.0 mg/L, so that the growth requirement of the shrimp, sea cucumber and shellfish is met, and further realizing the in-situ deep treatment of the aquaculture water. When the concentration of the active bacterial colonies is higher, the organic carbon source and the feed adding amount are reduced, and redundant active bacterial colony flocs are filtered.
Domesticating the culture water body under the conditions of high nitrogen and low carbon, realizing in-situ advanced treatment of the culture pond water body, and removing organic matters, ammonia nitrogen, nitrite nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen. Wherein, the TOC removal rate is 96 percent, the TN removal rate is 96 percent, the ammonia nitrogen removal rate is 97 percent, and the nitrite removal rate is 99 percent. Monitoring water quality indexes, controlling the concentration of active bacterial colony flocs to be 20mL/L, controlling the pH to be 7.8-8.2, controlling the C/N ratio to be 10-20: 1, and controlling the dissolved oxygen to be 3.0-9.0 mg/L, so as to meet the growth requirements of shrimps, sea cucumbers and shellfish, and further realizing the in-situ deep treatment of the aquaculture water body.
Example 4
The in-situ advanced treatment and purification of the culture water body of a certain crucian culture base can ensure that animals in the culture pond can grow normally:
1) collecting the substances such as feces and residual bait in a culture pond, putting the substances into a biological culture pond, adding 5.0mg/L of potassium monopersulfate disinfection powder, stirring to uniformly mix the substances, and reacting for 12 hours; mixing the sterilized fecal residual bait with a mixture of bran and corn flour in equal proportion, adding a composite strain, and placing in a biological culture pond; meanwhile, adding common antibiotics for aquaculture to perform antibiotic acclimation; adding high-carbon alcohol fatty acid ester compound to play defoaming and foam inhibiting roles; properly stirring in a culture pond, controlling the water content of a reaction system to be within 40-60%, controlling the C/N ratio to be within 25-35: 1, controlling the pH to be 6.5-7.5, and culturing for 5-10 days; adding a microbial flocculant into the biological culture pond, stirring and uniformly mixing to prepare the microbial flocculation precipitate with the heterotrophic nitrification-aerobic denitrification function.
Wherein the adding amounts of the fecal residual bait, the bran, the corn flour and the mixed strain are respectively 90% of the adding amount of the fecal residual bait, the bran and the corn flour are mixed according to the proportion of 1:1, the total adding amount is 10%, and the adding amount of the composite strain is 0.1%; the heterotrophic nitrification-aerobic denitrification bacteria and microbial flocculant producing bacteria composite strains are strains formed by mixing pseudomonas, alcaligenes faecalis, arthrobacter, pantococcus sulphureus and rhodococcus erythropolis in any proportion; the microbial flocculant is a flocculant NOC-1 produced by Rhodococcus erythropolis, and the addition amount is 50 mg/L; the high-alcohol fatty acid ester compound is a defoaming agent for food industry, and the addition amount is 3.0 g/kg; the antibiotic domestication of the culture system uses a mixture of sulfadiazine, oxytetracycline, florfenicol, oxafloxacin and the like in a mass ratio, and the addition concentration is 30 mug/L.
2) And (2) adding a mixture of starch dextrin, sucrose and fructo-oligosaccharide into the fermentation liquor obtained in the step 1) in the culture process of the biological flocculation precipitate, wherein the addition amount is 5.0%, uniformly mixing, and uniformly spraying the mixture on the surface of the crucian feed to prepare the heterotrophic nitrification-aerobic denitrifying bacteria spray feed.
3) Uniformly mixing the biological flocculation sediment prepared in the step 1) with the crucian feed sprayed in the step 2) according to the ratio of 1:10, preparing mixed foodstuff, feeding the mixed foodstuff into the aquaculture water body regularly and quantitatively every day, wherein the feeding amount is 5-10% of the weight of the crucian, and the growth requirement of the crucian is ensured according to the factors such as the size, the survival rate, the water quality, the feed quality and the like of the crucian.
4) After feeding the mixed food for 7-10 days, properly adding an organic carbon source (a mixture of starch dextrin, sucrose, fructo-oligosaccharide, bran, corn flour and the like in a mass ratio) into the culture water body, and adjusting the C/N ratio of the water body to 10-20: 1; fully aerating the culture system, and maintaining the dissolved oxygen of the water body to be 3.0-9.0 mg/L; adding heterotrophic nitrification-aerobic denitrification bacteria and microbial flocculant producing bacteria composite strain into the culture water body, wherein the inoculation amount of the composite strain is 5.0 multiplied by 109cfu/m3Finally, a large amount of active bacterial colony flocs with heterotrophic nitrification-aerobic denitrification functions are generated in the water body.
5) Continuously adjusting the C/N ratio of the culture water body to 10-20: 1, supplementing a carbon source when the C/N ratio is insufficient, monitoring water quality indexes, controlling the concentration of active bacterial colony flocs to be 40mL/L, controlling the pH to be 7.8-8.2, and controlling the dissolved oxygen to be 3.0-9.0 mg/L, so that the growth requirement of the crucian is met, and further the in-situ deep treatment of the culture water is realized. When the concentration of the active bacterial colonies is higher, the organic carbon source and the feed dosage are reduced, and when the effect is not good, the redundant active bacterial colonies are filtered.
Domesticating the culture water body under the conditions of high nitrogen and low carbon, realizing in-situ advanced treatment of the culture pond water body, and removing organic matters, ammonia nitrogen, nitrite nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen. Wherein, the TOC removal rate is 98%, the TN removal rate is 98%, the ammonia nitrogen removal rate is 97%, and the nitrite removal rate is 99%. Monitoring water quality indexes, controlling the concentration of active cenobium flocs to be 40mL/L, controlling the pH to be 7.8-8.2, controlling the C/N ratio to be 10-20: 1, and controlling the dissolved oxygen to be 3.0-9.0 mg/L, so as to meet the growth requirements of crucians and further realize the in-situ deep treatment of the crucian culture water body.
Claims (6)
1. An in-situ aerobic denitrification treatment and purification method for aquaculture sewage, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) sterilizing excrement residual bait in a culture pond by potassium monopersulfate, mixing the excrement residual bait with bran and corn flour to obtain a mixture, adding a composite strain with the mass of 0.02-0.2% of the mixture, adding an antibiotic and a higher alcohol fatty acid ester compound, stirring after adding to control the water content of a reaction system to be 40-60%, the C/N ratio to be 25-35: 1 and the pH to be 6.5-7.5, and performing fermentation culture; after culturing for 5-10 days, adding a microbial flocculant into the culture, stirring to uniformly mix the microbial flocculant and the culture, wherein the precipitate obtained by culturing is a microbial flocculation precipitate with heterotrophic nitrification-aerobic denitrification function; adding an organic carbon source into the cultured fermentation liquor, uniformly mixing, and spraying on the surface of the aquaculture animal feed to obtain the heterotrophic nitrification-aerobic denitrification bacteria spraying feed; mixing the obtained microbial flocculation sediment with a heterotrophic nitrification-aerobic denitrification bacteria spraying feed, adding the mixture into a culture pond to be treated for eating by aquaculture animals in the culture pond, and culturing for 7-10 days; wherein the antibiotic is added so that the final concentration of the antibiotic in the mixture is 10-100 mug/L, the addition amount of the higher alcohol fatty acid ester compound is 1.0-3.0 g/kg, and the addition amount of the microbial flocculant is 10-100 mg/L;
2) continuously adjusting an organic carbon source in the aquaculture water body, and adjusting the C/N ratio of the aquaculture water body to be treated to 10-20: 1; fully aerating the culture system, maintaining the dissolved oxygen content of the water body to be 3.0-9.0 mg/L and the pH value to be 7.8-8.2, adding composite strains into the culture water body, further forming heterotrophic nitrification-aerobic denitrification functional active bacterial colony flocs capable of purifying the water body in the water body, wherein the concentration of the active bacterial colony flocs in the water body is 10-40 mL/L, and realizing in-situ aerobic denitrification deep treatment of the water body of the culture pond by utilizing the obtained heterotrophic nitrification-aerobic denitrification functional active bacterial colony flocs, heterotrophic nitrification-aerobic denitrification bacterial spray feeds and microorganism flocculation precipitates with the heterotrophic nitrification-aerobic denitrification function to remove organic matters, ammonia nitrogen, nitrite nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen; wherein the inoculation amount of the composite strain is 0.5109cfu/m3～5.0×109cfu/m3；
The composite strain is a strain formed by mixing pseudomonas, alcaligenes faecalis, arthrobacter, pantococcus sulphureus and rhodococcus erythropolis according to any proportion.
2. The method for in-situ aerobic denitrification treatment and purification of aquaculture sewage according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: the excrement residual bait, the bran and the corn flour are mixed according to the mass ratio of 1:1, wherein the excrement residual bait accounts for 70% -90% of the excrement residual bait, and the bran and the corn flour account for 10% -30% of the corn flour.
3. The method for in-situ aerobic denitrification treatment and purification of aquaculture sewage according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: adding 1-5 wt% of organic carbon source into the fermentation liquor, uniformly mixing, and spraying the mixture on the surface of the aquaculture animal feed to obtain the heterotrophic nitrification-aerobic denitrification bacteria spraying feed; wherein the organic carbon source is one or more of starch dextrin, sucrose and fructo-oligosaccharide.
4. The method for in-situ aerobic denitrification treatment and purification of aquaculture sewage according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: uniformly mixing the obtained microbial flocculation sediment with the heterotrophic nitrification-aerobic denitrification function and the heterotrophic nitrification-aerobic denitrification bacteria spray feed according to the mass ratio of 1: 10-20, using the mixture as aquaculture animal mixed feed, adding the aquaculture animal mixed feed into a culture pond to be treated, using the aquaculture animal feed as aquaculture animal feed, and adjusting the water body.
5. The method for in-situ aerobic denitrification treatment and purification of aquaculture sewage according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: the microbial flocculant is one or more of flocculant NOC-1 produced by Rhodococcus erythropolis, flocculant AJ7002 produced by Aspergillus sojae and flocculant PF-101 produced by Paecilomyces sp.
6. The method for in-situ aerobic denitrification treatment and purification of aquaculture sewage according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: the organic carbon source is one or more of starch dextrin, sucrose, brown sugar, fructo-oligosaccharide, bran and corn flour.
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| CN110342730B (en) * | 2019-06-10 | 2020-07-28 | 浙江大学 | Composite biological agent for improving prawn culture survival rate and application method thereof |
| CN111392990B (en) * | 2020-05-14 | 2023-09-05 | 浙江清湖控股集团有限公司 | Tail water treatment method |
| CN111961612B (en) * | 2020-07-28 | 2023-01-17 | 中国科学院水生生物研究所 | Method for screening heterotrophic nitrification-aerobic denitrification bacteria and evaluating denitrification performance applied to treatment of aquaculture tail water |
| CN112499914A (en) * | 2021-01-12 | 2021-03-16 | 惠州市济圣环保科技有限公司 | Method for preparing derivative of aquaculture sewage by recycling |
| CN113621546B (en) * | 2021-10-08 | 2021-12-28 | 中国科学院烟台海岸带研究所 | Aerobic denitrification strain and preparation and application of microbial inoculum thereof |
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