CN114014718A - Method for producing carbon-based bacterial fertilizer by feeding hermetia illucens with livestock and poultry manure added with charcoal - Google Patents

Method for producing carbon-based bacterial fertilizer by feeding hermetia illucens with livestock and poultry manure added with charcoal Download PDF

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CN114014718A
CN114014718A CN202111484157.2A CN202111484157A CN114014718A CN 114014718 A CN114014718 A CN 114014718A CN 202111484157 A CN202111484157 A CN 202111484157A CN 114014718 A CN114014718 A CN 114014718A
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livestock
poultry manure
hermetia illucens
carbon
manure
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CN114014718B (en
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杨森
康相涛
张海旭
索江华
金子恒
裴亚欣
张继冉
陈红歌
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HENAN ZHONGDA BIOLOGICAL ENGINEERING CO LTD
Henan Agricultural University
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Henan Zhongda Tabanyuan Biotechnology Co ltd
Henan Agricultural University
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K67/00—Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New breeds of animals
    • A01K67/033—Rearing or breeding invertebrates; New breeds of invertebrates
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K10/10—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes
    • A23K10/12—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes by fermentation of natural products, e.g. of vegetable material, animal waste material or biomass
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K10/20—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K10/20—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin
    • A23K10/26—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin from waste material, e.g. feathers, bones or skin
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/10—Organic substances
    • A23K20/163—Sugars; Polysaccharides
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/20—Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
    • A23K50/90—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for insects, e.g. bees or silkworms
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
    • C05D9/00—Other inorganic fertilisers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
    • C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
    • C05F17/05—Treatments involving invertebrates, e.g. worms, flies or maggots
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
    • C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
    • C05F17/20—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation using specific microorganisms or substances, e.g. enzymes, for activating or stimulating the treatment
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
    • C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
    • C05F17/80—Separation, elimination or disposal of harmful substances during the treatment
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
    • C05G3/60—Biocides or preservatives, e.g. disinfectants, pesticides or herbicides; Pest repellants or attractants
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
    • C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for producing carbon-based bacterial manure by feeding hermetia illucens with livestock and poultry manure added with charcoal, which comprises the steps of firstly adding a certain proportion of charcoal, glucose and Bacillus belezii into the collected livestock and poultry manure, placing for a certain time, and then putting a certain amount of hermetia illucens larvae into the collected livestock and poultry manure for feeding; and (3) screening the black soldier fly larvae until the black soldier fly larvae grow to a prepupa stage, so as to obtain black soldier fly larvae and carbon-based bacterial manure. The method for treating the livestock and poultry manure is simple and scientific, the biochar has rich functional groups and dissolved organic carbon, the surface of the biochar has a higher pore structure and a higher specific surface area, veterinary drug residues, heavy metal ions and the like in the livestock and poultry manure can be adsorbed, and the influence of toxic and harmful substances on the development of the hermetia illucens is effectively reduced; the main function of glucose is to provide an adequate carbon source for the rapid activation and mass propagation of Bacillus belgii; the Bacillus belgii can improve the conversion efficiency and biological control effect of the hermetia illucens on the excrements of the livestock and the poultry.

Description

Method for producing carbon-based bacterial fertilizer by feeding hermetia illucens with livestock and poultry manure added with charcoal
Technical Field
The invention relates to recycling application of livestock and poultry manure, in particular to a method for producing a carbon-based bacterial fertilizer by feeding hermetia illucens with the livestock and poultry manure added with charcoal.
Background
With the increasing population quantity of China and the improvement of living standard of people, the demands for meat, eggs and milk are continuously increased, and especially the large-scale development of the breeding industry in recent years leads the quantity of livestock and poultry to rise in the next year. By 2018, domestic poultry have more than 146 hundred million feathers in the year of marketing, are the first in the world, and produce more than 30 hundred million tons of excrement. The feces contain abundant organic matters, pathogens and the like, and if the feces are not well treated, the feces not only cause a great waste of resources, but also cause serious environmental pollution problems. The environmental problems caused by too much waste of livestock and poultry carried in the land due to the centralized culture become the problem which cannot be ignored.
The current mainstream livestock and poultry manure treatment modes are aerobic composting and anaerobic digestion treatment. The former is a traditional livestock and poultry manure treatment mode, and is not limited by regions and fields, almost no equipment is needed, the investment is small, the technology is simple, and the method is popular with small farmers; however, the method has the defects of long treatment period, large floor area, and pungent odor which pollutes the environment in the treatment process, especially fly maggots are easy to breed in summer, and if the treatment is improper, soil nitrification, acidification and eutrophication of water bodies can be caused, so the treatment requirement of the current large-scale aquaculture industry cannot be met. The latter treatment mode can improve the sanitary condition and promote the development of organic agriculture, but the treatment mode also has the problems of long treatment period, high technical cost and high equipment and maintenance cost, and odor is difficult to control and has certain potential safety hazard in the treatment process.
In view of the defects of the existing treatment method, a treatment method which has low investment, simple technology, small occupied area, high treatment efficiency and higher safety is urgently needed for the livestock and poultry manure.
Black soldier fly (Hermetia illucensL.) Lecticus illucens, the hermetiaceae hermetia family of Insecta, the larvae of which are characterized by wide feeding range, large food intake and the like. The livestock and poultry manure can convert organic nutrient substances in the manure into micromolecular organic matters such as humic acid and the like through the biological conversion of the hermetia illucens, and can reduce the odor of the manure, the transmission of harmful bacteria and the propagation of fly maggots. The protein content and the fat content of the hermetia illucens fed by the livestock and poultry manure can respectively reach 48 percent and 34 percent, the amino acid composition is balanced, the amino acid content is similar to that of fish meal and bean pulp, and a certain amount of hermetia illucens powder is added into the feed, so that the influence on pigs and broilers is avoidedAnd the growth performance of aquatic products can be improved, and the feed additive can completely replace bean pulp which is usually added in feed. Therefore, the method for biologically converting the excrements of the livestock and the poultry by using the hermetia illucens not only can solve the problem of poor treatment of the excrements of the livestock and the poultry, but also can fully utilize the organic resource of the excrements of the livestock and the poultry.
The invention patent of China (patent No. 201510255604.5) discloses a method for treating excrement by using hermetia illucens and an organic fertilizer prepared by the method. However, in the production practice, it is found that some veterinary drugs, heavy metals and the like in the excrements of the livestock and poultry can cause the black soldier fly fed with the excrements of the livestock and poultry to fail to grow normally and even die, so that the method for treating the excrements of the livestock and poultry by using the black soldier fly is unstable, and the industrial application of the black soldier fly is influenced. In addition, the problem of nutrient element loss can also occur when the livestock and poultry manure is directly fed to the hermetia illucens, so that the quality of the organic fertilizer of the insect sand is reduced.
Because most of the livestock and poultry manure is not suitable for large-scale biotransformation treatment by directly utilizing hermetia illucens, a novel livestock and poultry manure treatment mode for converting the livestock and poultry manure into a carbon-based bio-organic fertilizer is also provided at present. Researches show that when the carbon-based bio-organic fertilizer is applied to soil, the release of nutrients of the fertilizer in the soil can be delayed, the nutrient loss is reduced, the nutrient utilization rate of the fertilizer is improved, and the physical and chemical properties of the soil can be improved. Therefore, the conversion of the livestock and poultry manure into the carbon-based bacterial fertilizer can solve the problem of treatment of the livestock and poultry manure and is more beneficial to the preservation of nutrient elements in the livestock and poultry manure; the defect of insufficient nutrients of the biochar can be overcome, the effect of the microbial fertilizer can be enhanced, the nutrient supply is met, the soil improvement function of the microbes and the biochar is realized, and an efficient restoration system is formed. In addition, the biochar-based microbial fertilizer can delay release of fertilizer nutrients and improve the utilization rate of the fertilizer, has the advantages of greenness, safety, reproducibility, huge resource amount and the like, and is a masterforce in the field of soil remediation. The carbonization and returning of the agricultural wastes with the biochar technology as the core is an important way for connecting the head end and the tail end of an agricultural circulating chain and realizing the high-value utilization of waste biomass resources. Chinese patent No. 201110008317.6 discloses a chicken manure carbon fertilizer and a production method thereof, wherein chicken manure is converted into the chicken manure carbon fertilizer by a physical method through the steps of drying granulation, carbonization treatment, cooling sieving, backmixing granulation and the like. However, the method has the defects of complicated operation procedure, high energy consumption, reduced fertility and the like. Therefore, a scientific method capable of improving the utilization rate of the livestock and poultry manure resource is imperative.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for producing a carbon-based bacterial fertilizer by feeding hermetia illucens with livestock and poultry manure added with charcoal, and aims to solve the technical problems that the existing method for preparing charcoal from livestock and poultry manure is high in cost and complex in process, the efficiency of transformation of livestock and poultry manure by hermetia illucens is low, odor emission in the transformation process is serious, the environment is polluted and the like.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention can adopt the following technical scheme:
the method for producing the carbon-based bacterial fertilizer by feeding the hermetia illucens with the livestock and poultry manure added with the charcoal comprises the steps of firstly adding the charcoal, the glucose and the Bacillus belgii in a certain proportion into the collected livestock and poultry manure, placing for a certain time, and then putting a certain amount of hermetia illucens larvae into the collected livestock and poultry manure for feeding; and (3) screening the black soldier fly larvae until the black soldier fly larvae grow to a prepupa stage, so as to obtain black soldier fly larvae and carbon-based bacterial manure.
Preferably, the addition amount of the biochar is 30kg-100kg per ton of livestock and poultry manure, and the granularity of the biochar is less than or equal to 0.1 mm.
Preferably, the addition amount of glucose is 4-10% of the dry weight of the livestock and poultry manure. The main function of the glucose is to provide sufficient carbon source for the rapid activation and mass propagation of the Bacillus belgii, because the C/N required by the rapid activation and mass propagation of the Bacillus belgii is 20-25, and the livestock and poultry manure has the problem of carbon-nitrogen ratio imbalance (the C/N of the chicken manure is 12-16 and the C/N of the pig manure is 13-16); the addition of glucose in the livestock and poultry manure can improve C/N, and is more beneficial to the rapid activation and mass propagation of Bacillus belgii so as to inhibit the breeding and promotion of other miscellaneous bacteria.
Preferably, Bacillus belgii is added in an amountAdding 20 g-50 g of the additive into per ton of livestock and poultry manure, wherein the number of viable bacteria in the strain is more than or equal to 6 multiplied by 1011CFU/g. The Bacillus belgii can adopt Bacillus belgii 10B strain, and the strain number is as follows: the CGMCC No.14202 is screened from the intestinal tracts of hermetia illucens, and experiments prove that the strain can effectively improve the conversion efficiency and biological control effect of the hermetia illucens on feces of livestock and poultry.
Preferably, the black soldier fly larvae are 3 instar larvae, and the feeding amount of the black soldier fly larvae is 1 multiplied by 10 for each ton of livestock and poultry manure7head-3X 107And (4) a head. Wherein the 3 rd larvae of hermetia illucens are obtained by incubating hermetia illucens eggs into larvae and feeding the larvae with wheat bran for 3-5 days.
When the black soldier fly larvae are bred, the laying thickness of the livestock and poultry manure is not more than 15cm, the environmental temperature is controlled to be 20-35 ℃, the humidity is controlled to be 55-85%, and the period from breeding to pupa pre-breeding stage is 10-15 days.
The method has the advantages that the processing method is simple and scientific, the biochar has rich functional groups and dissolved organic carbon, the surface of the biochar has a higher pore structure and a higher specific surface area, veterinary drug residues, heavy metal ions and the like in livestock and poultry excrement can be adsorbed, and the influence of toxic and harmful substances on the development of the hermetia illucens is effectively reduced; the main function of glucose is to provide an adequate carbon source for the rapid activation and mass propagation of Bacillus belgii; the Bacillus belgii can improve the conversion efficiency and biological control effect of the hermetia illucens on the excrements of the livestock and the poultry.
The action mechanism of the invention is as follows: in the livestock and poultry manure added with charcoal, glucose and Bacillus belgii, firstly, the charcoal carries out nonspecific adsorption, and then the Bacillus belgii strain is rapidly reactivated at higher C/N and proper temperature and begins to propagate in large quantities; after the black soldier fly larvae are put in, the Bacillus beiLeisi starts to colonize in the black soldier fly intestinal tracts, so that the livestock and poultry manure is rapidly degraded together, and formed micromolecular organic matters such as humic acid and the like are adsorbed by charcoal; meanwhile, harmful substances such as ammonia gas and the like generated in the degradation process are adsorbed by the biochar; the activated carbon and the Bacillus belgii improve the conversion efficiency of the hermetia illucens to the excrements of livestock and poultry, reduce the loss of N, S and other elements in the conversion process and solve the problem of odor emission, and finally form the charcoal-based bacterial fertilizer which takes the biochar as a main carrier and is rich in the Bacillus belgii.
The invention well solves the technical problems of low efficiency of converting the black soldier fly into the livestock and poultry manure, serious odor emission in the conversion process and the like in the prior art, and the obtained carbon-based bacterial fertilizer can be directly applied to a field and also can be dried, crushed and dried at a low temperature of 50-60 ℃ and then sealed and stored, and the effective period is 6 months.
The screened polypide growing to the prepupa stage can be used as livestock and poultry feed after being cleaned, disinfected and the like, and can also be further processed.
Detailed Description
The present invention is described in more detail below with reference to specific examples to facilitate understanding for those skilled in the art.
Reagents and insects used for the experiments:
biochar is purchased from Wanjia agriculture science and technology Limited;
the glucose is industrial grade glucose purchased from Henan Worui environmental protection science and technology limited;
bacillus belgii is provided by enzyme engineering laboratory of university of agriculture in Henan, and has viable count of 9 × 1011 CFU/g；
The black soldier fly used was from the wuhan strain.
Example 1
The implementation place is as follows: zheng Zhou city, Henan province.
The livestock and poultry manure is selected from new poplar black layer chicken manure, and the formula of the chicken feed comprises corn (66%), soybean meal (22%), wheat bran (10%), limestone powder (1%) and the balance (1%).
The method of the invention is used for processing the collected 1000kg of fresh chicken manure (with 75 percent of water content), and comprises the following specific steps:
s1, adding 50kg of biochar with the granularity of 0.1mm, 20kg of industrial glucose and 40g of Bacillus belgii strain into 1000kg of fresh chicken manure, stirring and uniformly mixing, and performing fermentation pretreatment for 30 hours at the temperature of 30 ℃ to ensure that the activated carbon adsorbs harmful substances in the chicken manure and simultaneously revitalizes and proliferates the Bacillus belgii strain;
s2, spreading the fermented chicken manure on a layer of 10m2Laying the hermetia illucens in a 10cm (maximum not more than 15 cm) thick culture pond; then inoculating into hatched 3-year larvae of hermetia illucens, and breeding for 5 days with wheat bran to obtain 1.5 × 10 larvae7A head;
s3, maintaining the environmental temperature between 28 and 33 ℃, and feeding the black soldier fly for 14 days until the black soldier fly is in a pupa prepending stage; the biochar and the chicken manure are fully mixed, then are treated and fermented by the Bacillus beiLeisi, and then enter the black soldier fly intestinal tract together, macromolecular organic matters in the chicken manure in the black soldier fly intestinal tract are decomposed, digested and absorbed, and then are converted into micromolecular substances such as humic acid and the like, and the micromolecular substances are adsorbed by the biochar to form a carbon-based organic fertilizer in the black soldier fly intestinal tract and are discharged out of the body;
s4, screening the larvae which are raised to the prepupa stage and the formed carbon-based bacterial manure to obtain 200kg of hermetia illucens bodies and 400kg of carbon-based bacterial manure.
The obtained carbon-based bacterial fertilizer is subjected to component detection, the result simultaneously meets the standards of the biomass carbon-based fertilizer and the technical index requirements of the bio-organic fertilizer product, and the specific components are shown in the following table.
TABLE 1 Biomass charcoal-based fertilizer standards and charcoal-based bacterial manure measurements of example 1
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
In the table, I and II are standard definitions of biomass charcoal-based fertilizers.
Table 2 bio-organic fertilizer product specification requirements and carbon-based bacterial manure measurements of example 1
Figure 953457DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
Example 2
The implementation place is as follows: zhou city, Henan province.
The pig manure is selected from livestock and poultry manure, and the pig feed formula comprises corn flour (70%), soybean meal (15%), wheat bran (12%), calcium hydrophosphate (1.0%), shell powder (0.8%), salt (0.2%) and premix (1%).
The method of the invention is used for processing the collected 1000kg of fresh pig manure (with 75 percent of water content), and comprises the following specific steps:
s1, adding 40kg of charcoal with the granularity of 0.05mm, 20kg of industrial glucose and 50g of Bacillus belgii strain into 1000kg of fresh pig manure, stirring uniformly, and performing fermentation pretreatment for 24 hours at the temperature of 25 ℃;
s2, spreading the fermented pig manure on a layer of 10m2Laying the hermetia illucens in a 10cm (generally not more than 15 cm) thick cultivation pond; then inoculating into hatched 3-year-old hermetia illucens larvae, and breeding for 5 days by using wheat bran7A head;
s3, keeping the environmental temperature between 28 and 35 ℃, and feeding the black soldier fly for 15 days until the black soldier fly is in a pupa prepending stage;
s4, screening the larvae which are raised to the prepupa stage and the formed carbon-based bacterial manure to obtain 150kg of hermetia illucens bodies and 450kg of carbon-based bacterial manure.
The components of the obtained carbon-based bacterial fertilizer are detected, the result meets the requirements of the biomass carbon-based fertilizer standard II type and the technical indexes of the bio-organic fertilizer product, and the specific components are shown in the following table.
TABLE 3 ingredient Table of pig manure biochar-based bacterial manure of example 2
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE003
In the table, I and II are standard definitions of biomass charcoal-based fertilizers.
Example 3 (verification example)
Stool type: the feed formula of the new black poplar layer chicken manure is corn (66%), soybean meal (22%), wheat bran (10%), stone powder (1%) and others (1%). The water content of the chicken manure is 75 percent.
The biochar is purchased from Wanjia agriculture science and technology Limited company, and the granularity is 0.025 mm;
the glucose is industrial grade glucose purchased from Henan Worui environmental protection science and technology limited;
bacillus belgii was engineered by the university of Henan agriculture enzymeThe number of viable bacteria is 9 multiplied by 10 provided by laboratory11 CFU/g；
The black soldier fly used was from the wuhan strain.
1. Design of experiments
Adding biochar in different proportions into 1kg of chicken manure, and verifying the most appropriate adding amount of the biochar by the weight increase of hermetia illucens larvae; adding 0.04g of Bacillus belgii strains into fresh chicken manure, then adding glucose with different proportions, and verifying the most appropriate glucose addition amount by the viable count of the Bacillus belgii after 24 hours; adding 20g of glucose into fresh chicken manure, then adding Bacillus belgii strains with different proportions, and verifying the most appropriate strain addition amount by the viable count of the Bacillus belgii after 24 hours.
2. Test method
2.1 biochar addition
In a 18cm × 32 cm × 26 cm container containing 1kg of fresh chicken manure, 10g, 30g, 50g, 100g and 150g of biochar were added to the test groups, respectively, with no biochar (0 g) added as a control, 20g of glucose and 0.04g of strain were added, the test groups were fully stirred and then placed at 30 ℃ for 30 hours, and then 600 black soldier fly larvae of 3 ages were added, and 3 groups of each concentration were repeated. The larval mortality was then recorded daily and 10 random heads were picked every 2 days and weighed until prepupa was entered.
2.2 glucose and amount of added Strain
0.04g of the strain is firstly added into the container containing 1kg of fresh chicken manure, then 0%, 2%, 4%, 6%, 8%, 10%, 12% and 14% of glucose of the dry weight of the chicken manure is respectively added, the mixture is fully stirred and placed at the temperature of 30 ℃ for 24 hours, and then colony forming units of the Bacillus belgii are respectively calculated to determine the optimal addition amount of the glucose.
In the container containing 1kg of fresh chicken manure, firstly 20g of glucose is added, then strains with fresh weights of 0g, 0.01g, 0.02g, 0.03g, 0.04g, 0.05g, 0.06g and 0.07g of chicken manure are respectively added, after fully stirring, the mixture is placed for 24 hours at the temperature of 30 ℃, and then colony forming units of the Bacillus belgii are respectively calculated so as to determine the optimal addition amount of the strains.
3. Test results
3.1 results of charcoal addition test show that the addition of 10g-150g of charcoal to fresh chicken manure does not result in the death of 3 rd larvae of hermetia illucens, and the effect on the weight of the larvae is shown in Table 4 below. As can be seen from table 4, the test group added with 30g to 100g of charcoal to chicken manure significantly increased the pre-pupation body weight (P < 0.05) compared to the control group added with 0g of charcoal and the test group added with 10g of charcoal, while the test group added with 150g of charcoal significantly decreased the pre-pupation body weight (P < 0.05) compared to the control group added with 0g of charcoal. The results show that 30g to 100g of biochar added into 1kg of chicken manure can play a positive role in the weight increase of hermetia illucens, while 150g of biochar can play a negative role, so that the optimal addition amount of the activated carbon is 30kg to 100kg per ton of livestock manure.
TABLE 4 Effect of the addition of activated charcoal on weight changes of hermetia illucens larvae
Figure 367469DEST_PATH_IMAGE004
Note: the different lower case letters in the same row indicate that the difference reaches the 0.05 significance level by the LSD test.
3.2 the amounts of the bacterial cells in each group after 24 hours of glucose treatment were varied by adding 0.04g of the bacterial strain to 1kg of chicken manure. As is clear from Table 5, when the amount of glucose added was 4% or more, the amount of Bacillus belgii reached 1.1X 10 after 24 hours at 30 ℃8CFU/g, the amount of the bacterium required for inhibiting breeding of other mixed bacteria and colonizing the intestinal tracts of the hermetia illucens can be achieved. When the addition amount is 12% or more, the increase of the bacteria amount is obviously reduced, so the optimum addition amount of the glucose is 4-10% of the dry weight of the livestock manure.
TABLE 5 optimum amount of glucose added
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE005
。

Claims (7)

1. A method for producing a carbon-based bacterial fertilizer by breeding hermetia illucens with livestock and poultry manure added with charcoal is characterized by comprising the following steps: firstly, adding a certain proportion of biochar, glucose and Bacillus belgii into collected livestock and poultry manure, placing for a certain time, and then putting a certain amount of hermetia illucens larvae into the mixture for feeding; and (3) screening the black soldier fly larvae until the black soldier fly larvae grow to a prepupa stage, so as to obtain black soldier fly larvae and carbon-based bacterial manure.
2. The method for producing the carbon-based bacterial fertilizer by feeding hermetia illucens with the livestock and poultry manure added with charcoal according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the addition amount of the biochar is 30kg-100kg per ton of livestock and poultry manure, and the granularity of the biochar is less than or equal to 0.1 mm.
3. The method for producing the carbon-based bacterial fertilizer by feeding hermetia illucens with the livestock and poultry manure added with charcoal according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the addition amount of the glucose is 4-10% of the dry weight of the livestock and poultry manure.
4. The method for producing the carbon-based bacterial fertilizer by feeding hermetia illucens with the livestock and poultry manure added with charcoal according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the addition amount of Bacillus belgii is 20-50 g per ton of livestock and poultry feces, and the number of viable bacteria in the strain is not less than 6 × 1011 CFU/g。
5. The method for producing the carbon-based bacterial fertilizer by feeding hermetia illucens with the livestock and poultry manure added with charcoal according to claim 4, is characterized in that: the Bacillus belgii is a Bacillus belgii 10B strain, and the strain number is as follows: CGMCC No. 14202.
6. The method for producing the carbon-based bacterial fertilizer by feeding hermetia illucens with the livestock and poultry manure added with charcoal according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the black soldier fly larvae are 3 instar larvae, and the putting amount of the black soldier fly larvae is 1 multiplied by 10 for each ton of livestock and poultry manure7head-3X 107And (4) a head.
7. The method for producing the carbon-based bacterial fertilizer by feeding hermetia illucens with the livestock and poultry manure added with charcoal according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of: when the black soldier fly larvae are bred, the laying thickness of the livestock and poultry manure is less than or equal to 15cm, the environmental temperature is 20-35 ℃, the humidity is 55-85%, and the breeding period is 10-15 days.
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CN115709100B (en) * 2022-10-31 2023-12-22 天津农学院 Preparation and application method of hermetia illucens manure in Fenton-like catalytic material

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