CN113349017A - Matrix soil based on comprehensive utilization of solid waste and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Matrix soil based on comprehensive utilization of solid waste and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113349017A CN113349017A CN202110692837.7A CN202110692837A CN113349017A CN 113349017 A CN113349017 A CN 113349017A CN 202110692837 A CN202110692837 A CN 202110692837A CN 113349017 A CN113349017 A CN 113349017A
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- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 241000709785 Hermetia illucens Species 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 239000010806 kitchen waste Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 239000003864 humus Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000003610 charcoal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000010813 municipal solid waste Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims 3
- 230000007306 turnover Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 9
- 230000035784 germination Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000003203 everyday effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 5
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 3
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 208000035240 Disease Resistance Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000244206 Nematoda Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000014676 Phragmites communis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 244000052616 bacterial pathogen Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003115 biocidal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011490 mineral wool Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003895 organic fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003415 peat Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010451 perlite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019362 perlite Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- -1 sawdust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013619 trace mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011573 trace mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010455 vermiculite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019354 vermiculite Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052902 vermiculite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/22—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing plant material
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
- A01G24/12—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material containing soil minerals
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
- A01G24/17—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material containing slag
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
Abstract
The invention relates to a solid waste comprehensive utilization-based matrix soil, which is prepared by screening humus, crop straws, furnace slag and biochar from kitchen waste hermetia illucens breeding excrement and storage waste. The preparation method comprises S01, crushing fresh crop straws; s02, mixing the crop straws crushed in the step S01 with the kitchen waste hermetia illucens breeding insect manure; s03, pyrolyzing the kitchen waste hermetia illucens breeding insect manure in an anoxic environment to obtain charcoal; s04, mixing the biochar obtained in the S03 with the storage garbage screened humus soil; s05, mixing the material obtained in the S02 and the material obtained in the S04 with slag, and stacking the mixture into a strip pile; s06, the stacked strip stacks are turned regularly, the temperature is controlled to be less than or equal to 60 ℃, the water content is controlled to be 30-40%, the pH value is controlled to be 6.5-7.5, and the treatment is carried out for 8-15 days. The mass fraction of organic matters is more than or equal to 30 percent, the mass fraction of total nutrients is more than or equal to 4.0 percent, and the germination index of seeds is more than or equal to 70 percent.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of cultivation, in particular to matrix soil based on comprehensive utilization of solid waste and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The matrix soil cultivation technology is widely applied, and according to the retrieved patents, the matrix soil is prepared by taking gravels, sand, peat (grass), vermiculite, perlite, rock wool, sawdust, livestock manure, reed powder and the like as fixed matrixes.
The substrate soil prepared from the raw materials has low fertilizer efficiency and poor disease resistance, and when the substrate soil is used for planting, a medicine for killing harmful germs needs to be added, and many raw materials are derived from natural materials, so that the preparation cost is high.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a matrix soil based on solid waste comprehensive utilization and a preparation method thereof, so as to overcome the defects in the prior art.
The technical scheme for solving the technical problems is as follows: the matrix soil based on solid waste comprehensive utilization comprises the following raw materials:
screening humus, crop straws, furnace slag and biochar from kitchen waste hermetia illucens breeding insect manure and storage waste.
On the basis of the technical scheme, the invention can be further improved as follows.
Further, the biochar is obtained by pyrolyzing the kitchen waste hermetia illucens breeding insect manure in an anoxic environment.
Further: the weight parts of the raw materials are as follows:
30-50 parts of kitchen waste hermetia illucens breeding insect manure, 15-30 parts of stock waste screening humus, 10-20 parts of crop straw, 10-15 parts of furnace slag and 6-12 parts of biochar.
A preparation method of matrix soil based on comprehensive utilization of solid wastes comprises the following steps:
s01, crushing fresh crop straws;
s02, mixing the crop straws crushed in the step S01 with the kitchen waste hermetia illucens breeding insect manure;
s03, pyrolyzing the kitchen waste hermetia illucens breeding insect manure in an anoxic environment to obtain charcoal;
s04, mixing the biochar obtained in the S03 with the storage garbage screened humus soil;
s05, mixing the material obtained in the S02 and the material obtained in the S04 with slag, and stacking the mixture into a strip pile;
s06, the stacked strip stacks are turned regularly, the temperature is controlled to be less than or equal to 60 ℃, the water content is 30-40%, the pH value is 6.5-7.5, and the preparation is finished after 8-15 days of treatment.
Further: the grain diameter of the crushed crop straws in the S01 is less than or equal to 1 cm.
Further: the width of the stacked strip stacks in the S05 is 1 m-2 m, and the height is less than or equal to 0.5 m.
Further: the stacked strip stacks in S05 are perforated for ventilation.
Further: the time interval for the regular material turning in S06 was 1 day.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1) the resource utilization of the kitchen waste Hermetia illucens breeding insect manure, the stored waste screening humus soil and the crop straw solid waste is realized;
2) the insect manure and the humus provide basic nutrient substances, and substances such as antibiosis and the like rich in the insect manure can kill plant root system nematodes and improve the disease and pest resistance of crops; crop straws can supplement nutrients and trace elements needed by crops for the whole body, the biochar prepared from the kitchen waste hermetia illucens breeding insect manure can passivate the heavy metals in the stock waste screening humus, inhibit the plants from absorbing the heavy metals in the humus, reduce the enrichment of the heavy metals in the plants, and improve the porosity and water absorption efficiency of the prepared matrix soil by using slag;
3) the mass fraction (calculated by a drying base) of the organic matters of the prepared matrix soil is more than or equal to 30 percent, and the total nutrient (N + P)2O5+K2O) is more than or equal to 4.0 percent in mass fraction (calculated by a drying base), the Germination Index (GI) of the seeds is more than or equal to 70 percent, and the standard requirement of the biological organic fertilizer (NY 525-2021) is better.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the preparation method of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The principles and features of this invention are described below in conjunction with the following drawings, which are set forth by way of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Example 1
As shown in figure 1, the matrix soil based on solid waste comprehensive utilization comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
50 parts of kitchen waste hermetia illucens breeding insect manure, 30 parts of stock waste screening humus, 20 parts of crop straws, 15 parts of furnace slag and 12 parts of biochar, wherein the biochar is obtained by pyrolyzing the kitchen waste hermetia illucens breeding insect manure in an anoxic environment.
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
s01, crushing fresh crop straws to obtain the crop straws with the particle size of less than or equal to 1 cm;
s02, mixing the crop straws crushed in the step S01 with the kitchen waste hermetia illucens breeding insect manure;
s03, pyrolyzing the kitchen waste hermetia illucens breeding insect manure in an anoxic environment to obtain charcoal;
s04, mixing the biochar obtained in the S03 with the storage garbage screened humus soil;
s05, mixing the material obtained in S02 and the material obtained in S04 with slag, stacking the mixture into a strip pile, perforating and ventilating the inside of the strip pile, wherein the width of the strip pile is 1-2 m, the height of the strip pile is less than or equal to 0.5m, and the length of the strip pile is not limited;
s06, turning the stacked strip stacks once every day, controlling the temperature to be less than or equal to 60 ℃, controlling the water content to be 30-40% and the pH to be 6.5-7.5, and treating for 8-15 days to complete the preparation.
The mass fraction of organic matters (calculated by a drying base) of the matrix soil prepared in the example 1 is more than or equal to 72.5 percent, and the total nutrients (N + P)2O5+K2O) is more than or equal to 14.6 percent by mass (calculated by a drying base) and the Germination Index (GI) of the seeds is more than or equal to 91.3 percent.
Example 2
As shown in figure 1, the matrix soil based on solid waste comprehensive utilization comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
40 parts of kitchen waste hermetia illucens breeding insect manure, 30 parts of stock waste screening humus, 10 parts of crop straws, 15 parts of furnace slag and 6 parts of biochar, wherein the biochar is obtained by pyrolyzing the kitchen waste hermetia illucens breeding insect manure in an anoxic environment.
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
s01, crushing fresh crop straws to obtain the crop straws with the particle size of less than or equal to 1 cm;
s02, mixing the crop straws crushed in the step S01 with the kitchen waste hermetia illucens breeding insect manure;
s03, pyrolyzing the kitchen waste hermetia illucens breeding insect manure in an anoxic environment to obtain charcoal;
s04, mixing the biochar obtained in the S03 with the storage garbage screened humus soil;
s05, mixing the material obtained in S02 and the material obtained in S04 with slag, stacking the mixture into a strip pile, perforating and ventilating the inside of the strip pile, wherein the width of the strip pile is 1-2 m, the height of the strip pile is less than or equal to 0.5m, and the length of the strip pile is not limited;
s06, turning the stacked strip stacks once every day, controlling the temperature to be less than or equal to 60 ℃, controlling the water content to be 30-40% and the pH to be 6.5-7.5, and treating for 8-15 days to complete the preparation.
The mass fraction (calculated by a drying basis) of organic matters of the matrix soil prepared in the example 2 is not less than67.7 percent of total nutrient (N + P)2O5+K2O) is more than or equal to 12.9 percent by mass (calculated by a drying base) and the Germination Index (GI) of the seeds is more than or equal to 84.7 percent.
Example 3
As shown in figure 1, the matrix soil based on solid waste comprehensive utilization comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
30 parts of kitchen waste hermetia illucens breeding insect manure, 30 parts of stock waste screening humus, 20 parts of crop straws, 10 parts of furnace slag and 10 parts of biochar, wherein the adopted biochar is obtained by pyrolyzing the kitchen waste hermetia illucens breeding insect manure in an anoxic environment.
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
s01, crushing fresh crop straws to obtain the crop straws with the particle size of less than or equal to 1 cm;
s02, mixing the crop straws crushed in the step S01 with the kitchen waste hermetia illucens breeding insect manure;
s03, pyrolyzing the kitchen waste hermetia illucens breeding insect manure in an anoxic environment to obtain charcoal;
s04, mixing the biochar obtained in the S03 with the storage garbage screened humus soil;
s05, mixing the material obtained in S02 and the material obtained in S04 with slag, stacking the mixture into a strip pile, perforating and ventilating the inside of the strip pile, wherein the width of the strip pile is 1-2 m, the height of the strip pile is less than or equal to 0.5m, and the length of the strip pile is not limited;
s06, turning the stacked strip stacks once every day, controlling the temperature to be less than or equal to 60 ℃, controlling the water content to be 30-40% and the pH to be 6.5-7.5, and treating for 8-15 days to complete the preparation.
In the matrix soil prepared in example 3, the mass fraction of organic matters (calculated by a drying basis) is more than or equal to 64.6 percent, and the total nutrients (N + P)2O5+K2O) is more than or equal to 11.4 percent and the Germination Index (GI) of the seeds is more than or equal to 88.5 percent.
Example 4
As shown in figure 1, the matrix soil based on solid waste comprehensive utilization comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
30 parts of kitchen waste hermetia illucens breeding insect manure, 22 parts of stock waste screening humus, 10 parts of crop straws, 15 parts of furnace slag and 10 parts of biochar, wherein the adopted biochar is obtained by pyrolyzing the kitchen waste hermetia illucens breeding insect manure in an anoxic environment.
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
s01, crushing fresh crop straws to obtain the crop straws with the particle size of less than or equal to 1 cm;
s02, mixing the crop straws crushed in the step S01 with the kitchen waste hermetia illucens breeding insect manure;
s03, pyrolyzing the kitchen waste hermetia illucens breeding insect manure in an anoxic environment to obtain charcoal;
s04, mixing the biochar obtained in the S03 with the storage garbage screened humus soil;
s05, mixing the material obtained in S02 and the material obtained in S04 with slag, stacking the mixture into a strip pile, perforating and ventilating the inside of the strip pile, wherein the width of the strip pile is 1-2 m, the height of the strip pile is less than or equal to 0.5m, and the length of the strip pile is not limited;
s06, turning the stacked strip stacks once every day, controlling the temperature to be less than or equal to 60 ℃, controlling the water content to be 30-40% and the pH to be 6.5-7.5, and treating for 8-15 days to complete the preparation.
In the matrix soil prepared in example 4, the mass fraction of organic matters (calculated by a drying basis) is more than or equal to 60.4 percent, and the total nutrients (N + P)2O5+K2O) is more than or equal to 10.5 percent and the Germination Index (GI) of the seeds is more than or equal to 92.3 percent.
Example 5
As shown in figure 1, the matrix soil based on solid waste comprehensive utilization comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
30 parts of kitchen waste hermetia illucens breeding insect manure, 15 parts of stock waste screening humus, 10 parts of crop straws, 10 parts of furnace slag and 6 parts of biochar, wherein the adopted biochar is obtained by pyrolyzing the kitchen waste hermetia illucens breeding insect manure in an anoxic environment.
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
s01, crushing fresh crop straws to obtain the crop straws with the particle size of less than or equal to 1 cm;
s02, mixing the crop straws crushed in the step S01 with the kitchen waste hermetia illucens breeding insect manure;
s03, pyrolyzing the kitchen waste hermetia illucens breeding insect manure in an anoxic environment to obtain charcoal;
s04, mixing the biochar obtained in the S03 with the storage garbage screened humus soil;
s05, mixing the material obtained in S02 and the material obtained in S04 with slag, stacking the mixture into a strip pile, perforating and ventilating the inside of the strip pile, wherein the width of the strip pile is 1-2 m, the height of the strip pile is less than or equal to 0.5m, and the length of the strip pile is not limited;
s06, turning the stacked strip stacks once every day, controlling the temperature to be less than or equal to 60 ℃, controlling the water content to be 30-40% and the pH to be 6.5-7.5, and treating for 8-15 days to complete the preparation.
In the matrix soil prepared in example 5, the mass fraction of organic matters (calculated by a drying basis) is more than or equal to 56.9 percent, and the total nutrients (N + P)2O5+K2O) is more than or equal to 9.6 percent and the Germination Index (GI) of the seeds is more than or equal to 93.3 percent.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention, and that variations, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to the above embodiments by those of ordinary skill in the art within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. The matrix soil based on solid waste comprehensive utilization is characterized by comprising the following raw materials:
screening humus, crop straws, furnace slag and biochar from kitchen waste hermetia illucens breeding insect manure and storage waste.
2. The solid waste comprehensive utilization-based matrix soil according to claim 1, wherein the biochar is obtained by pyrolyzing kitchen waste hermetia illucens breeding insect manure in an anoxic environment.
3. The solid waste comprehensive utilization-based matrix soil according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the weight parts of the raw materials are as follows:
30-50 parts of kitchen waste hermetia illucens breeding insect manure, 15-30 parts of stock waste screening humus, 10-20 parts of crop straw, 10-15 parts of furnace slag and 6-12 parts of biochar.
4. The preparation method of the solid waste comprehensive utilization-based matrix soil as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized by comprising the following steps:
s01, crushing fresh crop straws;
s02, mixing the crop straws crushed in the step S01 with the kitchen waste hermetia illucens breeding insect manure;
s03, pyrolyzing the kitchen waste hermetia illucens breeding insect manure in an anoxic environment to obtain charcoal;
s04, mixing the biochar obtained in the S03 with the storage garbage screened humus soil;
s05, mixing the material obtained in the S02 and the material obtained in the S04 with slag, and stacking the mixture into a strip pile;
s06, the stacked strip stacks are turned regularly, the temperature is controlled to be less than or equal to 60 ℃, the water content is 30-40%, the pH value is 6.5-7.5, and the preparation is finished after 8-15 days of treatment.
5. The preparation method of claim 4, wherein the grain size of the crushed crop straw in S01 is 1cm or less.
6. The method according to claim 4, wherein the width of the stacked sliver in S05 is 1-2 m, and the height is 0.5m or less.
7. The method as claimed in claim 4, wherein the stacked strips in S05 are perforated and ventilated.
8. The method according to claim 4, wherein the regular material turnover in S06 is carried out at a time interval of 1 day.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110692837.7A CN113349017A (en) | 2021-06-22 | 2021-06-22 | Matrix soil based on comprehensive utilization of solid waste and preparation method thereof |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202110692837.7A CN113349017A (en) | 2021-06-22 | 2021-06-22 | Matrix soil based on comprehensive utilization of solid waste and preparation method thereof |
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| CN113349017A true CN113349017A (en) | 2021-09-07 |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114014718A (en) * | 2021-12-07 | 2022-02-08 | 河南农业大学 | Method for producing carbon-based bacterial fertilizer by feeding hermetia illucens with livestock and poultry manure added with charcoal |
| CN115433023A (en) * | 2022-10-09 | 2022-12-06 | 中农新科(苏州)有机循环研究院有限公司 | Preparation method of charcoal-based organic fertilizer with hermetia illucens feces as raw material |
| CN115709100A (en) * | 2022-10-31 | 2023-02-24 | 天津农学院 | Preparation and application method of hermetia illucens manure in Fenton-like catalytic material |
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| CN110483210A (en) * | 2019-08-22 | 2019-11-22 | 河南中烟工业有限责任公司 | A kind of tobacco organic fertilizer special |
| CN110692488A (en) * | 2019-11-08 | 2020-01-17 | 淮阴师范学院 | Vegetable soilless culture substrate formula and preparation method thereof |
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| CN114014718A (en) * | 2021-12-07 | 2022-02-08 | 河南农业大学 | Method for producing carbon-based bacterial fertilizer by feeding hermetia illucens with livestock and poultry manure added with charcoal |
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| CN115709100A (en) * | 2022-10-31 | 2023-02-24 | 天津农学院 | Preparation and application method of hermetia illucens manure in Fenton-like catalytic material |
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