KR20210049011A - Biochar including the cast of black soldier fly and preparing method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to biochar and a method for preparing the same. According to the present invention, black soldier fly cast, wood waste, and tropical fruit peel are pyrolyzed and can be used as a solid fuel, a soil conditioner, or the like. The biochar of the present invention uses black soldier fly cast, wood waste, tropical fruit peel, and bio oil. Accordingly, economic advantages can be obtained from resource recycling, an excellent fuel quality can be achieved from an increase in heat generation amount, durability such as tensile strength is high, which means improvement in terms of convenience such as conveyance and storage convenience. When the biochar is used as a soil conditioner, useful microorganisms are contained from a porous particle structure, and thus plant growth can be facilitated. In addition, the organic matter is effectively decomposed in soil, environmental pollution can be minimized, and the useful living microorganisms can provide plant root and stem protection.

Description

Biochar including the cast of black soldier fly and preparing method thereof {Biochar including the cast of black soldier fly and preparing method thereof}

The present invention relates to a bio-tea including fecal soil in Dongae, etc., and a method for manufacturing the same, and more particularly, to a bio-tea that can be used as a solid fuel, soil conditioner, etc. by pyrolysis of fecal soil, wood waste and tropical fruit peels in Dongae, etc It relates to a manufacturing method.

Currently, organic wastes such as food wastes discharged from homes and restaurants, organic wastes from industrial sites, livestock meals and human meals from livestock sheds can cause serious environmental problems in soil and rivers if they are discharged without treatment.

Conventionally, a method of recycling organic waste as feed or compost for livestock through a specific treatment process, a method of landfilling in a certain area or dumping in the ocean was mainly used, but in this case, the economical efficiency is low in terms of the installation cost and maintenance cost of the treatment device. There is this. In addition, when the discharged material is used as feed, side effects such as lumping are large, and composting also has problems such as reheating and ineffectiveness imbalance.

On the other hand, biochar is a material obtained by pyrolysis of biomass, and is black carbon that is recently recognized as a multifunctional material related to carbon sequestration, metal immobilization and fertilization in soil. Biotea is produced by pyrolysis of biomass under limited oxygen supply, and various types of biomass such as poultry compost, livestock manure, sewage sludge and papermaking sludge can be applied to the production of biotea with different properties.

Bio-tea is derived from biological resources, has a high carbon content, has a porous structure and thermochemical stability, and is thus attracting attention as a soil purification, catalyst, and catalyst support.

Korean Patent Registration No. 10-2009218 discloses a system and method for producing eco-friendly bio tea by decarbonizing discarded or neglected wood biomass, but bio tea using fecal soil from Dongae, etc., which can treat organic waste. There is not yet known about the technology for manufacturing.

Korean Patent Registration No. 10-2009218

The present invention was conceived to solve the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a method of manufacturing a bio-car that can be applied as a fuel or a soil conditioner by pyrolyzing fecal soil, wood waste, and tropical fruit peels in Dongae, etc. will be.

The present invention provides a bio-tea comprising a carbide of a fecal soil mixture in Dongae, etc., in which 100 parts by weight of fecal soil, 1 to 50 parts by weight of wood waste, and 1 to 50 parts by weight of tropical fruit peels are mixed.

The bio-tea may be formed by mixing bio-oil with a carbide of a fecal soil mixture in Donge, etc.

The bio-oil may be an insect oil obtained by compressing and milking adult insects or larvae.

In addition, the present invention,

The step of producing fecal soil in Dongae, which treats organic waste into Dongae and produces fecal soil;

Drying the fecal soil on the Dongae etc. to prepare the fecal soil on the dried Dongae etc. having a moisture content of 1 to 20%;

Preparing a mixture of fecal soil in the dried Dongae etc. by adding wood waste and tropical fruit peels to the fecal soil in the dried Dongae etc.;

Obtaining a carbide by pyrolyzing the fecal soil mixture in the Dongae et al. at 200 to 1,000°C; And

It provides a method of manufacturing a bio-tea comprising the step of mixing the carbide with bio-oil and then molding.

The biocar of the present invention uses fecal soil and wood waste, tropical fruit peels and bio oil in Dongae, etc. to increase economic efficiency, increase calorific value to show excellent fuel quality, and excellent durability such as tensile strength for transportation and storage, etc. There is an effect of improving the convenience of.

In addition, when the bio-tea of the present invention is used as a soil conditioner, useful microorganisms are included by the porous particle structure to help the growth of plants, and organic matters in the soil are effectively decomposed to minimize environmental pollution, and beneficial microorganisms survive. It has the effect of protecting the roots and stems of plants.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. The terms or words used in the specification and claims should not be construed as being limited to their usual or dictionary meanings, and the inventor may appropriately define the concept of terms in order to describe his own invention in the best way. It should be interpreted as a meaning and concept consistent with the technical idea of the present invention based on the principle that there is.

The present invention provides a bio-tea including fecal soil, wood waste, and tropical fruit peels to Dongae et al.

The Dongae et al. fecal soil may preferably include those obtained by treating organic wastes with Dongae et al.

For example, the fecal soil in the Dongae etc. may mean that the larvae in the Dongae etc. consume and digest organic waste and then excrete them.

The Dongae etc. fecal soil may be a whole product obtained by treating organic wastes with Dongae etc., and may be a product removing Dongae etc. by separating Dongae etc. from the fecal soil after the manufacture of the fecal soil.

In general, in Dongae et al., the growth period from egg to adult is 37 to 41 days, and the period of larval state acting as a decomposer is about 14 days.

If 5,000 larvae are added to Dongae etc. to 10kg of food waste, more than 80% of the food waste is decomposed in about 5 days, and the volume of the decomposed food waste is about 42% and the weight is reduced to about 70% compared to before the larvae were added. Dongae et al. larvae have a much more effective advantage when dealing with organic wastes in Dongae et al. because the period for decomposing organic waste resources is longer than that of earthworms and houseflies.

Dongae et al. larvae are difficult to live at temperatures below about 27℃, and produce fecal soil by treating organic waste while actively moving at temperatures between 30℃ and 42℃. In addition, larvae in Dongae et al. have the habit of crawling out to find a dry place to become a pupa after about 14 days, which is the period of larvae that can decompose organic waste.

The organic waste may be any one or more selected from the group consisting of livestock manure, organic sludge, and food waste, but is not limited thereto.

The Dongae et al. fecal soil may be obtained by treating organic waste with eggs, larvae, or a mixture thereof.

The fecal soil may have a moisture content of 1 to 20%, preferably 7 to 15%.

If the moisture content of the fecal soil is less than the stated range, it is advantageous in terms of combustion efficiency, but the time and cost required for drying increase and the stability after molding is reduced.If the moisture content of the fecal soil is exceeded, the fuel is solidified by steam generated during the molding process. Defects and the like may occur in the composition.

Meanwhile, in addition to fecal soil, fecal soil of other insects may be mixed in Dongae, etc., for example, fecal soil such as slugs, stag beetles, longevity beetles, and other pet insects may be additionally used.

In addition, the wood waste may include sawdust, wood chips, pulp chips, forest by-products, and the like, and is preferably included in the form of pulverized or crushed material to facilitate combustion. The wood waste may include 1 to 50 parts by weight, preferably 5 to 40 parts by weight, most preferably 10 to 30 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of fecal soil in Dongae, etc.

In addition, the tropical fruit peel may be a peel such as palm, papaya, mango, pineapple, durian, lychee guava, avocado, and preferably coconut peel, papaya peel, or a mixture thereof. The palm may use coco palm, date palm, nipa palm, etc., but is not limited thereto. The product standardized by-products of the coco palm fruit (coconut) is also known as cocopeat.

The tropical fruit peel may be used as a by-product of the palm oil extracted from the fruit. The tropical fruit peel is a by-product discarded in the processing process, but most of the components are made of fibers capable of releasing a large amount of heat during combustion, and thus serve to supplement the calorific value of the fuel composition. The tropical fruit peel may be added in a pulverized form.

The tropical fruit peel may include 1 to 50 parts by weight, preferably 5 to 40 parts by weight, most preferably 10 to 30 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of fecal soil in Dongae and the like.

The bio-tea of the present invention is characterized in that it contains a product carbonized by pyrolysis of fecal soil, wood waste and tropical fruit peels in the Dongae, etc., and the pyrolysis is 200 to 1,000°C, preferably 250 to 500°C, most preferably It can be made at 300 ~ 400 ℃. The pyrolysis may be performed at a low speed through indirect heating at a relatively low temperature, thereby increasing a production yield. In addition, it is possible to remove the peculiar smell of fecal soil in Dongae, etc. through this pyrolysis process.

The biocar may be molded to have a predetermined shape, and the molding may be performed by using the carbonized product as it is or by additionally adding a molding binder.

In addition, the bio-tea of the present invention may contain bio-oil as the molding binder. The type of bio-oil is not limited as long as it is biomass containing fats or oils or oils obtained from animals, plants, or microorganisms, but insect oils derived from insects may be preferably used. The bio-oil can then serve as a lubricant in the process of forming a pellet, thereby lowering the molding pressure, and increasing the density while reducing defects in the solidified biocar, thereby increasing durability and heat generation efficiency.

The insect oil can be obtained by compression milking after drying and heating the adult insects or larvae of insects, and the insects include Dongae et al., brown mealworm (milworm), longevity beetle, stag beetle, slug, silkworm pupa, white spotted flower Plain or cricket, etc. may be used, and it is preferable to use larvae in Dongae. After drying and heating the larvae on the Dongae used in the process of producing fecal soil to Dongae, etc., it can be used by pressing and milking, thereby securing economic feasibility.

The bio-oil may contain 1 to 50 parts by weight, preferably 5 to 30 parts by weight, most preferably 10 to 20 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of fecal soil in Dongae, etc.

For the molding, a circular die-type pellet molding machine, a flat die-type pellet molding machine, and other conventional extrusion molding machines that can be used for manufacturing pellets may be used.

The bio-tea may be molded into a pellet, chip, or powder form.

The bio-car may be used as a solid fuel for home use or a solid fuel for a thermal power plant, has a porous location structure, and thus may be used as a soil conditioner, and may be used as compost for other agricultural crops.

In addition, the present invention,

The step of producing fecal soil in Dongae, which treats organic waste into Dongae and produces fecal soil;

Drying the fecal soil on the Dongae etc. to prepare the fecal soil on the dried Dongae etc. having a moisture content of 1 to 20%;

Preparing a mixture of fecal soil in the dried Dongae etc. by adding wood waste and tropical fruit peels to the fecal soil in the dried Dongae etc.;

Obtaining a carbide by pyrolyzing the fecal soil mixture in the Dongae et al. at 200 to 1,000°C; And

It provides a method of manufacturing a bio-tea comprising the step of mixing the carbide with bio-oil and then molding.

The step of producing fecal soil in Dongae et al. may be performed by adding eggs, larvae or mixtures thereof to Dongae et al. to organic waste, and breeding the Dongae et al. to obtain feces soil.

The population of Dongae et al. added to the organic waste may be 100 to 1,000 heads based on 1 kg of organic waste, and breeding of the Dongae et al. may be carried out for 3 to 14 days at a temperature of 30°C to 42°C.

The method for producing the biotea fecal soil in the Dongae et al. may further include the step of separating the Dongae et al. from the fecal soil after the fecal soil manufacturing step.

The step of preparing fecal soil in the dried Dongae etc. may be performed by drying the fecal soil in Dongae etc. at a temperature of 150 to 300°C for 1 to 30 minutes, preferably at a temperature of 150 to 300°C for 1 to 20 minutes It may be performed by drying, more preferably may be performed by drying for 1 to 10 minutes at a temperature of 150 to 300 ℃.

The step of preparing the fecal soil mixture in Dongae and the like may be performed, including 1 to 30 parts by weight of wood waste and 1 to 30 parts by weight of tropical fruit waste, based on 100 parts by weight of the dried Dongae and such feces.

The step of obtaining the carbide is made by pyrolyzing the fecal soil mixture in Dongae et al. at 200 to 1,000°C, preferably 250 to 500°C, most preferably at 300 to 400°C. At this time, pyrolysis should be carried out in a closed space where the supply of oxygen from the outside is blocked so that the fecal soil mixture is incompletely combusted in Dongae, etc.

Thereafter, the carbides are mixed with bio-oil and then molded to obtain a final bio-tea. The bio-oil may contain 1 to 50 parts by weight, preferably 5 to 30 parts by weight, most preferably 10 to 20 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of fecal soil in Dongae, etc. The bio-oil may be oil to Dongae, etc. obtained by drying and heating larvae on Dongae, etc. used in the production process of fecal soil to Dongae, etc., followed by compression milking.

For the molding, a circular die-type pellet molding machine, a flat die-type pellet molding machine, and other conventional extrusion molding machines that can be used for manufacturing pellets may be used, and through this, a biocar in the form of pellets, chips, or powder can be finally obtained.

In addition, during the molding, a molding binder may be used in an amount of 0.5 to 10 parts by weight, preferably 1 to 5 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of a fecal soil mixture in Dongae, etc. for strength control, and considering the molding strength and combustion efficiency. It can be appropriately selected.

The molding binder may be one or more selected from guar gum, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), and waste molasses, but is not limited thereto.

The above description is merely illustrative of the technical idea of the present invention, and those of ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention pertains will be able to make various modifications and variations without departing from the essential characteristics of the present invention. Accordingly, the embodiments disclosed in the present invention are not intended to limit the technical idea of the present invention, but to explain the technical idea, and the scope of the technical idea of the present invention is not limited by these embodiments. The scope of protection of the present invention should be interpreted by the following claims, and all technical ideas within the scope equivalent thereto should be construed as being included in the scope of the present invention.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail through examples. These examples are only for describing the present invention in more detail, and it will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art that the scope of the present invention is not limited by these examples according to the gist of the present invention. .

Production Example 1: Production of larvae to Dongae et al.

Adult worms were added to Dongae and other spawning sites at a density of 8,000 to 12,000 (cm ³ / head). After 3 days have elapsed after the adult insects were added to the Dongae etc. to the spawning site, an attractant medium with a humidity of 20% mixed with food waste and sawdust at a ratio of 3:1 was added to the spawning sites on the Dongae etc., and a 3 to 5 mm hole in the wood. The spawning induction device pierced was put on the inducing medium.

After the egg masses were scattered in the hole of the spawning induction device, the egg mass was collected, and the light condition was maintained at 14L:10D for 4 days, and the larvae were obtained by hatching by protecting the temperature at 27°C and 60% humidity.

Preparation Example 2: Preparation of fecal soil in Dongae, etc.

10 kg of food waste was prepared, and 5000 larvae were added to the Dongae et al. obtained in Preparation Example 1, and the larvae were reared on Dongae et al. for 3 days while maintaining the temperature at 30°C. During breeding, 3 kg of fecal soil was obtained from the excreted Dongae after the larvae ingested and digested food waste on Dongae, etc.

The obtained fecal soil was subjected to a temperature of 43° C., and the larvae of Dongae et al. were made to crawl out of the fecal soil on Dongae et al., which the larvae excreted on Dongae et al., to separate the Dongae et al. from the fecal soil.

The fecal soil from which the Dongae et al. was separated was dried with dry air at a temperature of 250° C. for 5 minutes to obtain fecal soil on the dried Dongae et al. having a moisture content of 11%.

Example: Preparation of biotea fecal soil in Dongae, etc.

First, the peel of the palm fruit was pulverized into 100 mesh using a compression grinder.

In addition, oils and fats were prepared in Dongae, which were compressed and milked after drying and heating the larvae on Dongae, etc.

Then, 100 parts by weight of fecal soil, 25 parts by weight of wood waste (sawdust), and 25 parts by weight of coconut shell were mixed in Dongae et al. and then gradually pyrolyzed at 300° C. to obtain carbides.

The carbide and 15 parts by weight of fats and oils were mixed in the copper and the like, and then put into a flat die-type pellet molding machine. While maintaining the temperature and molding pressure of the molding machine at about 85° C. and about 4,500 kgf/cm ² , pellets having a diameter of about 8 mm and a length of about 30 mm were prepared.

Experimental Example: Measurement of calorific value of fuel pellets

As for the calorific value of the prepared pellet, 0.5 g of a dried sample was placed in a calorimeter (Parr 6 calorimeter), filled with oxygen, and ignited to calculate the calorific value from the temperature change before and after combustion.

As a result, a high calorific value of about 4,400 kcal/kg was confirmed. In addition, it was confirmed with the naked eye that the soot generated during the heating process is significantly reduced compared to the generally commercialized wood pellets.

Claims (4)

Bio tea, characterized in that it comprises a carbide of a mixture of fecal soil in Dongae, etc., in which 100 parts by weight of fecal soil, 1 to 50 parts by weight of wood waste, and 1 to 50 parts by weight of tropical fruit peels are mixed.
The method of claim 1,
Bio-car, characterized in that the bio-oil is mixed with the carbide of the fecal soil mixture in the copper and the like.
The method of claim 2,
The bio-oil is an insect oil obtained by compressing and milking adult insects or larvae.
The step of producing fecal soil in Dongae, which treats organic wastes in Dongae, etc. to produce fecal soil;
Drying the fecal soil on the Dongae etc. to prepare the fecal soil on the dried Dongae etc. having a moisture content of 1 to 20%;
Preparing a mixture of fecal soil in the dried Dongae etc. by adding wood waste and tropical fruit peels to the fecal soil in the dried Dongae etc.;
Obtaining a carbide by pyrolyzing the fecal soil mixture in the Dongae et al. at 200 to 1,000°C; And
A method of manufacturing a bio-tea comprising the step of mixing the carbide with bio-oil and then molding.