CN101913962A - Process for producing biological organic fertilizer by using garbage - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a process for producing a biological organic fertilizer by using garbage. The process comprises the following steps of: 1, separately collecting, decomposing and crushing dining table garbage, plant residue and animal excrement; 2, breeding composite biological colonies for deodorizing and decomposing phosphorus and potassium; 3, mixing the crushed dining table garbage, the crushed animal excrement and the composite biological colonies, and fermenting the mixture with standing to perform decomposition and deodorization; 4, adding the crushed plant residue into the dining table garbage and the animal excrement after the decomposition and the deodorization, fully blending the mixture, and then fermenting the mixture with standing; and 5, adding nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and trace elements into the fermented mixture, and naturally airing, crushing and screening the mixture to obtain a finished product. The method effectively suppresses soil diseases and insect, reduces pesticide residue, prevents soil acidification and prepares the green garbage into the sterile deodorized green efficient biological environment-friendly organic fertilizer with high fertile alcohol by using the characteristics of quick temperature rise, good deodorizing effect and thorough decomposition of the composite biological colonies and performing innocent treatment such as quick temperature rise, deodorization, sterilization and decomposition on the green garbage.

Description

A kind of technology of utilizing rubbish to produce biological organic fertilizer

Technical field

The present invention relates to fertilizer, particularly a kind of surplus and animals and plants organic component carries out the technology that efficient biologic-organic fertilizer is produced in harmless treatment with the kitchen by microbiological degradation fermentation.

Background technology

One, domestic refuse and processing thereof

In the process of city, rubbish once was the burden of urban development as metabolic product, all there is the situation of garbage-surrounded city in many cities, the world. and now rubbish is considered to tool potentiality to be exploited. and never withered exhausted " city mineral reserve " are " resources that misplaces ground ", this is to going deep into and in-depth that rubbish is familiar with, also is the urban development inevitable requirement.

Domestic refuse refers to the various wastes that dumped by the resident in the municipal wastes, is meant in daily life or is considered as the solid waste of domestic refuse for daily life provides the solid waste that produces in the activity of service and law, Administrative Regulations regulation.Be divided into four classes: recyclable rubbish, rubbish from cooking, Harmful Waste and other rubbish.Recyclable rubbish comprises stationery, metal, plastics, glass etc.; Rubbish from cooking and market rubbish comprise the food wastes such as internal organ of the rotten food of surplus tea leftovers, bone, dish root, dish leaf, chicken, duck, fish; Harmful Waste comprise battery, useless fluorescent lamp, waste water silver thermometer, expired medicine etc.; Other rubbish is the waste that brick and tile pottery, dregs, toilet waste paper except that above-mentioned a few class rubbish etc. is difficult to recycling.

Whole world rubbish average speed of growth is 8.42%, and Chinese rubbish rate of increase reaches 10%, 4.9 hundred million tons of rubbish of the annual generation in the whole world, only China just produces nearly 1.5 hundred million tons of municipal wastess every year, the Chinese city domestic refuse accumulation amount of piling has reached 7,000,000,000 tons. and press to down at so huge rubbish, have reason to believe that the refuse treatment generation can become following domestic star's industry.Along with development and national economy, handling is on the agenda of governments at all levels in refuse treatment, and traditional refuse treatment has the running cost height, output is little, landfill does not have problems such as output fully, even the governmental investment construction, annual great number working cost also can become the great burden of local government.

Recyclable rubbish is recycled by comprehensive treating process, can reduce pollution, saves resource; Food waste can be produced organic fertilizer through the biotechnology on-the-spot disposal; The Harmful Waste heart must be handled through specific safety; Other rubbish is taked sanitary landfill.

The treatment process landfill of the present rubbish of China and burning are main means, garbage loading embeading need occupy a large amount of soils, in city and industrialized epoch, being in an emergency of land resources, this road is not a shortcut yet, and easily produce secondary pollution, the waste precious resources, walk the way of waste incineration and generating electricity, domestic equipment does not also reach requirement at present, and is most of from Europe, but the equipment of import is very expensive, more than the 10000 ton of rubbish in Guangzhou all will be introduced external equipment, and the chances are for the equipment burning disposal construction cost investment cost first time of one ton of rubbish about 500,000 yuan, and import equipment is very expensive.Green rubbish produces the processing mode of organic fertilizer by biotechnology, and also not general at home, its technology and equipment also can not get perfect, does not have a complete treatment facility, has wasted never withered exhausted city mineral reserve.

Two, food market and green rubbish and processing thereof

Chinese city has the huge market of farm produce and catering market.Exist extremely wide green waste resources, green rubbish is meant rubbish pollution-free and can recycling, and its available scope is quite extensive.Changing food waste: swill, expired food, surplus tea leftovers, bone, dish root, dish leaf; Market rubbish: cooked meat product is considered, given birth to residual leaf of vegetables and septic base of leaf, coring, rotten fruit, pericarp to be worth doing, the internal organ of the chicken of generation qualitative change, duck, the flesh of fish and fur etc.; Plant rubbish: the withered fallen leaves of the branch that prune in gardens, park, the tankage of wooden bamboo source mill, the straw of rural area grain etc.The processing mode that these rubbish are present: a kind of is to concentrate landfill or burning, and a kind of is freely to rot in the term of office; Adopt land-fill method, floor space is big, may produce secondary pollution; Burn then polluted air and have hidden danger; The polluted air especially that freely rots, and influence the appearance of the city.

Summary of the invention

The present invention is the deficiency that exists for the processing mode that solves present domestic refuse, food market and green rubbish, provide a kind of can be with the kitchen surplus and animals and plants organic component decompose and carry out the organic molecule of unbound state, the technology that ion becomes efficient biologic-organic fertilizer of being processed into such as innoxious.

Purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

A kind of technology of utilizing rubbish to produce biological organic fertilizer is characterized in that may further comprise the steps:

One, gather materials, pulverize:

1) dining table garbage: collect surplus and animal residue and classification of kitchen, surplus and animal residue decomposes with decomposition animal residue flora and pulverizes with the kitchen after the classification;

2) plant defective material: collect plant residue and tankage and pulverizing;

3) animal excrement: collect animal excrement and pulverizing;

Two, cultivate bacterial classification:

Cultivate deodorizing, phosphorus decomposing, potassium decomposing compound bio flora;

Three, with the dining table garbage after the above-mentioned pulverizing and animal excrement and above-mentioned composite biological inoculum thorough mixing, standing for fermentation, with dining table garbage and animal excrement after pulverizing are decomposed, deodorizing;

Four, add plant defective material after the above-mentioned pulverizing in dining table garbage after above-mentioned decomposition, deodorizing and the animal excrement, fully piece together mix after standing for fermentation again;

Five, add nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and trace element in the compound after above-mentioned fermentation, after drying naturally, pulverizing, screening just make finished product.

Above-mentioned deodorizing, phosphorus decomposing, potassium decomposing compound bio flora comprise bacterium, fungi, actinomyces, pure female bacterium, vinelandii, phosphate-solubilizing bacteria, potassium bacterium, photosynthetic bacterium, genus bacillus, and its useful viable count is no less than 2,000,000,000/milliliter, and pH value is 3.3～3.7.

Above-mentioned dining table garbage comprises:

1) the kitchen quality products in each large, medium and small restaurant comprises swill, bone, the odds and ends of a meal, depleted dish leaf, cane and coring;

2) the particularly tankage and rotten, the putrid meat product of meat-ware factory of each food processing plant;

3) each slaughterhouse's rubbish comprises internal organ, fur, the blood of abandonment;

4) the animal rubbish of food market comprises internal organ, skin, the hair of chicken, duck, fish.

Above-mentioned plant defective material comprises:

1) the broken branches and fallen leaves that urban landscaping produced, withered flowers and plants;

2) wood chip and the fragment of wood-working factory's generation;

3) bright straw stalk, cot and the weeds of all kinds of plants;

4) tankage of bamboo class processing and do not have the bamboo of utility value.

Above-mentioned animal excrement comprise:

Large fowl, duck, pig are cultured factory's animal excretory ight soil.

The present invention has following beneficial effect:

The present invention makes full use of deodorizing, phosphorus decomposing, the quick heating that potassium decomposing compound bio flora is had, good deodorization effect, characteristics such as it is thorough to become thoroughly decomposed, be applicable to static fermentation and dynamic ferment pattern, can be effectively to green rubbish (crop straw, the plant cot, the kitchen is surplus, wood sawdust, leaf bamboo branch, bagasse, animal excrement etc.) protein and robust fibre in are rapidly heated, deodorizing, sterilization, decompose, constant temperature 15 days, just can reach kill virus, germ, worm, the ovum weed seed, realize harmless treatment, effectively containment soil disease and pest takes place, reduce pesticide residue, prevent soil acidification, green rubbish is made aseptic deodorization, the green high-efficient biological environmental production fertilizer of high fertile alcohol.

Biological organic fertilizer provided by the invention contain the required macroelement of farm crop and trace element and biological send out pure process in a large amount of physiologically active substances of generation, available nutrient content height, the degree of becoming thoroughly decomposed height, be as good as stink, do not burn offspring, help the absorption of farm crop, increase soil fertility, improve Soil structure and biological activity.Be fit to organic (green) vegetables, melon and fruit, tobacco, tea tree, flowers, soil-less culturing nutrient base.This biological organic fertilizer is as having set up bioid factory at plant root, constantly the nitrogen transformation in the fixed air is the absorbable nitrogen of plant.Can decompose phosphorus, potassium in the soil, activating soil alleviates soil compaction simultaneously, reaches the purpose of fertilizing the soil and increasing soil fertility, and improves crop quality, reduces the human carcinogen, especially nitrosonium salts content in the vegetables is had obvious reduction effect, is the dedicated fertilizer of complete environmental protection.

Embodiment

A kind of technology of utilizing rubbish to produce biological organic fertilizer is characterized in that may further comprise the steps:

One, gather materials, pulverize:

1) dining table garbage: collect surplus and animal residue and classification of kitchen, surplus and animal residue decomposes with decomposition animal residue flora and pulverizes with the kitchen after the classification;

2) plant defective material: collect plant residue and tankage and pulverizing;

3) animal excrement: collect animal excrement and pulverizing;

Above-mentioned dining table garbage comprises:

A) the kitchen quality products in each large, medium and small restaurant comprises swill, bone, the odds and ends of a meal, depleted dish leaf, cane and coring;

B) the particularly tankage and rotten, the putrid meat product of meat-ware factory of each food processing plant;

C) each slaughterhouse's rubbish comprises internal organ, fur, the blood of abandonment;

D) the animal rubbish of food market comprises internal organ, skin, the hair of chicken, duck, fish.

Above-mentioned plant defective material comprises:

A) the broken branches and fallen leaves that urban landscaping produced, withered flowers and plants;

B) wood chip and the fragment of wood-working factory's generation;

C) bright straw stalk, cot and the weeds of all kinds of plants;

D) tankage of bamboo class processing and do not have the bamboo of utility value.

Above-mentioned animal excrement comprise:

Large fowl, duck, pig are cultured factory's animal excretory ight soil;

Two, cultivate bacterial classification:

Cultivation comprises deodorizing, phosphorus decomposing, the potassium decomposing compound bio flora of bacterium, fungi, actinomyces, pure female bacterium, vinelandii, phosphate-solubilizing bacteria, potassium bacterium, photosynthetic bacterium, genus bacillus, its useful viable count is no less than 2,000,000,000/milliliter, and pH value is 3.3～3.7;

Three, with the dining table garbage after the above-mentioned pulverizing and animal excrement and above-mentioned composite biological inoculum thorough mixing, standing for fermentation, with dining table garbage and animal excrement after pulverizing are decomposed, deodorizing;

Four, add plant defective material after the above-mentioned pulverizing in dining table garbage after above-mentioned decomposition, deodorizing and the animal excrement, fully piece together mix after standing for fermentation again;

Five, add nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and trace element in the compound after above-mentioned fermentation, after drying naturally, pulverizing, screening just make finished product.

The above, only for preferred embodiment of the present invention, so can not limit scope of the invention process with this, i.e. the equivalence of doing according to the present patent application claim and description changes and modification, all should still belong in the scope that patent of the present invention contains.

Claims (5)

1. technology of utilizing rubbish to produce biological organic fertilizer is characterized in that may further comprise the steps:

One, gather materials, pulverize:

1) dining table garbage: collect surplus and animal residue and classification of kitchen, surplus and animal residue decomposes with decomposition animal residue flora and pulverizes with the kitchen after the classification;

2) plant defective material: collect plant residue and tankage and pulverizing;

3) animal excrement: collect animal excrement and pulverizing;

Two, cultivate bacterial classification:

Cultivate deodorizing, phosphorus decomposing, potassium decomposing compound bio flora;

Three, with the dining table garbage after the above-mentioned pulverizing and animal excrement and above-mentioned composite biological inoculum thorough mixing, standing for fermentation, with dining table garbage and animal excrement after pulverizing are decomposed, deodorizing;

Four, add plant defective material after the above-mentioned pulverizing in dining table garbage after above-mentioned decomposition, deodorizing and the animal excrement, fully piece together mix after standing for fermentation again;

Five, add nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and trace element in the compound after above-mentioned fermentation, after drying naturally, pulverizing, screening just make finished product.

2. technology according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described deodorizing, phosphorus decomposing, potassium decomposing compound bio flora comprise bacterium, fungi, actinomyces, pure female bacterium, vinelandii, phosphate-solubilizing bacteria, potassium bacterium, photosynthetic bacterium, genus bacillus, its useful viable count is no less than 2,000,000,000/milliliter, and pH value is 3.3～3.7.

3. technology according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described dining table garbage comprises:

1) the kitchen quality products in each large, medium and small restaurant comprises swill, bone, the odds and ends of a meal, depleted dish leaf, cane and coring;

2) the particularly tankage and rotten, the putrid meat product of meat-ware factory of each food processing plant;

3) each slaughterhouse's rubbish comprises internal organ, fur, the blood of abandonment;

4) the animal rubbish of food market comprises internal organ, skin, the hair of chicken, duck, fish.

4. technology according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described plant defective material comprises:

1) the broken branches and fallen leaves that urban landscaping produced, withered flowers and plants;

2) wood chip and the fragment of wood-working factory's generation;

3) bright straw stalk, cot and the weeds of all kinds of plants;

4) tankage of bamboo class processing and do not have the bamboo of utility value.

5. technology according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described animal excrement comprise:

Large fowl, duck, pig are cultured factory's animal excretory ight soil.