CN108496449A - A kind of administering method of soil hardening - Google Patents
A kind of administering method of soil hardening Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN108496449A CN108496449A CN201810306107.7A CN201810306107A CN108496449A CN 108496449 A CN108496449 A CN 108496449A CN 201810306107 A CN201810306107 A CN 201810306107A CN 108496449 A CN108496449 A CN 108496449A
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- soil
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- food garbage
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/005—Precision agriculture
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05C—NITROGENOUS FERTILISERS
- C05C3/00—Fertilisers containing other salts of ammonia or ammonia itself, e.g. gas liquor
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of administering methods of soil hardening, belong to soil remediation field.The present invention acts on raw material with food garbage, soil hardening is handled, realize making full use of for resource, itself fermentation is carried out by food garbage first, reduce wherein macromolecular substances, increase the content of small molecule nutriment, it is combined again with soil, in governance process, the classification for increasing food garbage using steam is decomposed, promote absorption of the soil to nutriment, and realize the opening in soil aperture, finally turned over using fly maggot, improve soil texture, and it is mixed with soil, the nutrition that a deep step is carried out to soil increases, to be administered to soil hardening, avoid the soil erosion and the native hardened risk of table, realize the recycling of food garbage.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of administering methods of soil hardening, belong to soil remediation field.
Background technology
Soil hardening refers to upper soll layer due to a lack of organic matter, dysplasia, pour water or the external cause actions such as rainfall under soil
Earth is destructurized, earth material dispersion, and the phenomenon that so that native face is hardened by cohesion force effect after drying, be unsuitable for plant growth.Soil
Earth is the environment that plant depends on for existence, in soil nutrient number and soil gas permeability power it is particularly heavy for the growth of plant
It wants, after soil hardening, the nutritional ingredient in soil is cured in the soil, can not nourish plant well, and in soil
The content of organic matter reduces, and is unfavorable for plant growth, secondly, after soil hardening, the gas permeability of soil, water-retaining property, nutrient preserving capability all with
Reduction, soil environment deteriorates, and it is bad to be easy to cause plant nutrient, influences growth.
And the main reason for forming soil hardening, has：First, agricultural land soil quality is too viscous, and arable layer is shallow, capillary in soil
Pipe gap is less, and ventilation, permeable, heating property is poor, after raining or pouring water, is easy to block gap, causes upper soll layer skinning；
Second, organic matter wretched insufficiency, soil organic matter content is relatively low, structure is deteriorated, and the activity of microorganism is influenced, to influence soil
The formation of crumb structure causes the acid-base property of soil excessive or too small, leads to soil hardening；Third, for a long time solely applying partially
Fertilizer, the soil organism decline, and humus cannot be supplemented in time, cause soil hardening and cracking；4th, since machinery is ploughed
Make too deep influence, destroys soil aggregate structure, and the fertilizer in being manured into soil every year only has part to be absorbed by this season crop
It utilizes, remaining is formed a large amount of hydrochlorate depositions, caused soil hardening by soil fixing；5th, some areas underground water and Industry Waste
Water and levels of toxic substances are high, long-term to make noxious material accumulation is excessive to cause topsoil hardened using irrigation；6th, encounter wind
The tiny soil particle of topsoil is pulled away after sand, heavy rain, and soil texture is made to be destroyed and cause soil hardening.Therefore, prevent
Soil compaction phenomenon is controlled, the usage amount of agriculture chemical is not only reduced, also rationally to water, till the land, simultaneously, it is necessary to and
When supplement the content of soil with organic matter, improve its nutritional activities, to activating the available nutrient that is cured in soil to activate and
Insufficient trace element in soil is supplemented, and then effectively prevent soil hardening, makes loosing soil, the gas permeability of soil is improved, protects
Aqueous, nutrient preserving capability.
Refer to being needed deep when planting seed the most commonly used is deep ploughing currently, being directed to soil hardening problem
Shoveling, arable land, the soil of field deep layer roll up come, the soil of shallow-layer covers down, so that seed can deeply crouch in soil power, has
The effect of more fully nutrient, deep ploughing is more of short duration and energy and time cost are higher, although deep ploughing slows down soil plate
Knot still also destroys the Surface mulch that no-tillage management development gets up for many years, also increases the soil erosion and the native hardened wind of table
Danger.
Food garbage refers to dining room, dining room, the kitchen garbage of family and the organic waste in food industry.Food garbage
For biomass castoff, high organic content includes mainly starch, cellulose, protein etc., can be used as biomass energy once again
It utilizes, and occupies larger specific gravity in domestic waste.Since food garbage contains the life such as protein, fat, polysaccharide
Object macromolecular, it is difficult to directly be efficiently used by product fermentations production bacterial strain.
Invention content
The technical problems to be solved by the invention：Soil plate is although alleviated for the current method for administering soil hardening
Knot, but the Surface mulch that no-tillage management development gets up for many years is also destroyed, the soil erosion and the native hardened risk of table are also increased,
The problem of food garbage cannot be fully utilized at present simultaneously, pollution environment, the present invention provides a kind of improvement of soil hardening
Method.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention is using technical solution as described below：
A kind of administering method of soil hardening, this method comprises the following steps：
（1）Food garbage is taken, the impurity of Plastic therein is removed, the water content of food garbage after making water use regulation remove impurity
Be 90~95%, carry out natural drying, wait for water content be 60~70%, collect drying food garbage, will drying food garbage with
Additive in mass ratio 6:1~2 mixing, is placed in container, the sealing container at 30~35 DEG C, places 2~4 days, collection vessel
In substance, obtain synergy material, it is spare；
（2）It carries out digging processing road on hardened soil, processing road height is 30~35cm, and width is 10~20cm, and is handled
Road is uniformly sorted by ranks, and the spacing of every two row is 1.2~1.8m, and the spacing of every two row is 1.3~1.5m, in processing road
Bottom is laid with jet pipe, and soil is dried 2~4 days；
（3）After drying, by step（1）Spare synergy material is put into processing road, and addition is until handle the three of road height
At/bis-, then to processing road middle berth spill stalk particle, make stalk particle by handle road remaining space be completely covered, place 1~2
It；
（4）After placement, 70~75 DEG C of steam is sprayed into soil by jet pipe, the penetrating time is 6~8min, every
Penetrating steam is carried out into soil every 42~48h, sprays into steam in total 5~7 times, after steam, will handle the object in road
Matter stirs evenly, and radiate 3~5h；
（5）After heat dissipation, it is sprinkled into fly maggot ovum into processing road, is uniformly mixed, stands 10~12 days, then spray into soil
Steam, the penetrating time is 15~20min, then stands 1~2h, is turned over to soil, 3~5 days after turning over, that is, is completed to soil
Hardened improvement.
The step（1）Middle additive is by ammonium hydrogen carbonate and sodium bicarbonate in mass ratio 3~5:8 mix.
The step（3）Middle stalk particle is that maize straw and wheat stalk are pressed quality 1:1 carries out co-grinding, mistake
100 mesh sieve to get stalk particle.
The step（5）The amount of being sprinkled into of middle fly maggot ovum is every meter of 600~650g of processing road, and processing road is kept when spilling into
The water content of middle substance is 50~70%.
Compared with other methods, advantageous effects are the present invention：
The present invention selects food garbage as raw material, on the one hand reduces the cost for administering soil hardening, on the other hand fully sharp
With food garbage, food garbage is carried out mixing placement first with additive, be promoted in food garbage by Additive
The breeding of anaerobe tentatively degrades to the macromolecular substance in food garbage, while ammonium hydrogen carbonate therein increases
Nitrogen in food garbage is added, in governance process, pretreatment food garbage has been put into processing road, by pre-processing food
Abundant nutriment in rubbish carries out offer nutrition to soil, enriches the strain in soil, but reach certain journey in strain
When spending, the acidity easily caused in soil reduces, so carrying out hot steam processing after a certain time, removes micro- life in soil
Object, while the hole in soil being made to open makes the nutrient infiltration that microbial fermentation generates down, enrich nutrition in soil at
Point, the gas permeability of soil is improved, and breed to the microorganism of deep layer, optimizes soil texture, while at hot steam
The food garbage of reason increases decomposed rate, realizes that classification is decomposed, so that nutritional ingredient is fully used, improve to food rubbish
The utilization rate of rubbish avoids the residual of food garbage, finally mixes it with stalk, creates fly maggot egg hatching condition, passes through
The hatching of fly maggot ovum, remaining chorion decompose the ability for increasing soil disease and insect resistance, recycle " turning over " of fly maggot to act on, carry
It is finally carried out mixing covering with soil, further increases the nutritional ingredient of soil by the nutritional ingredient in high soil, to
Solve the problems, such as soil hardening.
Specific implementation mode
Additive is formulated as ammonium hydrogen carbonate and sodium bicarbonate in mass ratio 3~5:8 mix.
Stalk particle is prepared as maize straw and wheat stalk by quality 1:1 carries out co-grinding, sieves with 100 mesh sieve,
Up to stalk particle.
A kind of administering method of soil hardening, this method comprises the following steps：
（1）Food garbage is taken, the impurity of Plastic therein is removed, the water content of food garbage after making water use regulation remove impurity
Be 90~95%, carry out natural drying, wait for water content be 60~70%, collect drying food garbage, will drying food garbage with
Additive in mass ratio 6:1~2 mixing, is placed in container, the sealing container at 30~35 DEG C, places 2~4 days, collection vessel
In substance, obtain synergy material, it is spare；
（2）It carries out digging processing road on hardened soil, processing road height is 30~35cm, and width is 10~20cm, and is handled
Road is uniformly sorted by ranks, and the spacing of every two row is 1.2~1.8m, and the spacing of every two row is 1.3~1.5m, in processing road
Bottom is laid with jet pipe, and soil is dried 2~4 days；
（3）After drying, by step（1）Spare synergy material is put into processing road, and addition is until handle the three of road height
At/bis-, then to processing road middle berth spill stalk particle, make stalk particle by handle road remaining space be completely covered, place 1~2
It；
（4）After placement, 70~75 DEG C of steam is sprayed into soil by jet pipe, the penetrating time is 6~8min, every
Penetrating steam is carried out into soil every 42~48h, sprays into steam in total 5~7 times, after steam, will handle the object in road
Matter stirs evenly, and radiate 3~5h；
（5）After heat dissipation, fly maggot ovum is sprinkled into processing road, the amount of being sprinkled into of fly maggot ovum is every meter of 600~650g of processing road,
And it is 50~70% that the water content of substance in processing road is kept when spilling into, and is uniformly mixed, stands 10~12 days, then into soil
Steam is sprayed into, the penetrating time is 15~20min, then stands 1~2h, is turned over to soil, 3~5 days after turning over, i.e. completion pair
The improvement of soil hardening.
Additive is formulated as ammonium hydrogen carbonate and sodium bicarbonate in mass ratio 3:8 mix.
Stalk particle is prepared as maize straw and wheat stalk by quality 1:1 carries out co-grinding, sieves with 100 mesh sieve,
Up to stalk particle.
A kind of administering method of soil hardening, this method comprises the following steps：
（1）Food garbage is taken, the impurity of Plastic therein is removed, the water content of food garbage after making water use regulation remove impurity
It is 90%, carries out natural drying, waits for that water content is 60%, collect drying food garbage, drying food garbage is pressed with additive
Mass ratio 6:1 mixing, is placed in container, the sealing container at 30 DEG C, places 2 days, and the substance in collection vessel obtains synergy material,
It is spare；
（2）It carries out digging processing road on hardened soil, processing road height is 30cm, width 10cm, and handles road and press ranks
It is uniformly sorted, the spacing of every two row is 1.2m, and the spacing of every two row is 1.3m, and jet pipe is laid in processing road bottom, will be native
Earth dries 2 days；
（3）After drying, by step（1）Spare synergy material is put into processing road, and addition is until handle the three of road height
At/bis-, then to processing road middle berth spill stalk particle, make stalk particle by handle road remaining space be completely covered, place 1 day；
（4）After placement, 70 DEG C of steam is sprayed into soil by jet pipe, the penetrating time is 6min, at interval of 42h to
Penetrating steam is carried out in soil, sprays into steam in total 5 times, and after steam, the substance handled in road is stirred evenly, is radiated
3h；
（5）After heat dissipation, fly maggot ovum is sprinkled into processing road, the amount of being sprinkled into of fly maggot ovum is every meter of processing road 600g, and
It is 50% that the water content of substance in processing road is kept when spilling into, and is uniformly mixed, and stands 10 days, then steam is sprayed into soil, is sprayed
The angle of incidence is 15min, then stands 1h, is turned over to soil, 3 days after turning over, that is, completes the improvement to soil hardening.
Additive is formulated as ammonium hydrogen carbonate and sodium bicarbonate in mass ratio 4:8 mix.
Stalk particle is prepared as maize straw and wheat stalk by quality 1:1 carries out co-grinding, sieves with 100 mesh sieve,
Up to stalk particle.
A kind of administering method of soil hardening, this method comprises the following steps：
（1）Food garbage is taken, the impurity of Plastic therein is removed, the water content of food garbage after making water use regulation remove impurity
It is 93%, carries out natural drying, waits for that water content is 65%, collect drying food garbage, drying food garbage is pressed with additive
Mass ratio 6:1.5 mixing, are placed in container, the sealing container at 33 DEG C, place 3 days, the substance in collection vessel obtains synergy
Material, it is spare；
（2）It carries out digging processing road on hardened soil, processing road height is 33cm, width 15cm, and handles road and press ranks
It is uniformly sorted, the spacing of every two row is 1.5m, and the spacing of every two row is 1.4m, and jet pipe is laid in processing road bottom, will be native
Earth dries 3 days；
（3）After drying, by step（1）Spare synergy material is put into processing road, and addition is until handle the three of road height
At/bis-, then to processing road middle berth spill stalk particle, make stalk particle by handle road remaining space be completely covered, place 1.5
It；
（4）After placement, 73 DEG C of steam is sprayed into soil by jet pipe, the penetrating time is 7min, at interval of 45h to
Penetrating steam is carried out in soil, sprays into steam in total 6 times, and after steam, the substance handled in road is stirred evenly, is radiated
4h；
（5）After heat dissipation, fly maggot ovum is sprinkled into processing road, the amount of being sprinkled into of fly maggot ovum is every meter of processing road 633g, and
It is 60% that the water content of substance in processing road is kept when spilling into, and is uniformly mixed, and stands 11 days, then steam is sprayed into soil, is sprayed
The angle of incidence is 18min, then stands 1.5h, is turned over to soil, 4 days after turning over, that is, completes the improvement to soil hardening.
Additive is formulated as ammonium hydrogen carbonate and sodium bicarbonate in mass ratio 3:8 mix.
Stalk particle is prepared as maize straw and wheat stalk by quality 1:1 carries out co-grinding, sieves with 100 mesh sieve,
Up to stalk particle.
A kind of administering method of soil hardening, this method comprises the following steps：
（1）Food garbage is taken, the impurity of Plastic therein is removed, the water content of food garbage after making water use regulation remove impurity
It is 90%, carries out natural drying, waits for that water content is 60%, collect drying food garbage, drying food garbage is pressed with additive
Mass ratio 6:1 mixing, is placed in container, the sealing container at 30 DEG C, places 2 days, and the substance in collection vessel obtains synergy material,
It is spare；
（2）It carries out digging processing road on hardened soil, processing road height is 30cm, width 10cm, and handles road and press ranks
It is uniformly sorted, the spacing of every two row is 1.2m, and the spacing of every two row is 1.3m, and jet pipe is laid in processing road bottom, will be native
Earth dries 2 days；
（3）After drying, by step（1）Spare synergy material is put into processing road, and addition is until handle the three of road height
At/bis-, then to processing road middle berth spill stalk particle, make stalk particle by handle road remaining space be completely covered, place 1 day；
（4）After placement, 70 DEG C of steam is sprayed into soil by jet pipe, the penetrating time is 6min, at interval of 42h to
Penetrating steam is carried out in soil, sprays into steam in total 5 times, and after steam, the substance handled in road is stirred evenly, is radiated
3h；
（5）After heat dissipation, fly maggot ovum is sprinkled into processing road, the amount of being sprinkled into of fly maggot ovum is every meter of processing road 600g, and
It is 50% that the water content of substance in processing road is kept when spilling into, and is uniformly mixed, and stands 10 days, then steam is sprayed into soil, is sprayed
The angle of incidence is 15min, then stands 1h, is turned over to soil, 3 days after turning over, that is, completes the improvement to soil hardening.
The selection of comparative example 1 meets fertilizer and is administered to soil hardening, and fertilizer is composite fertilizer, Anhui red strength allusion quotation agricultural section
Skill Co., Ltd.
The application effect of above example 1~3 and comparative example 1 is as follows：
Test site：Pizhou City of Jiangsu Province, cities and towns experimental plot.
Test period：In September, 2015 is in October, 2016.
For studying object：Wheat, kind, hundred agricultures 418.
Administering method through the invention administers soil, then is administered to soil by the fertilizer of comparative example,
Effect of increasing production and utilization rate of fertilizer are calculated after harvesting wheat, leisure terminates to measure the soil weight.Other management measures are identical.Using
Effect is shown in Table 1.
Table 1
In summary, soil hardening administering method of the present invention can effectively administer soil hardening, improve soil nutrient, be worth pushing away
It is wide to use.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of administering method of soil hardening, which is characterized in that this method comprises the following steps：
（1）Food garbage is taken, the impurity of Plastic therein is removed, the water content of food garbage after making water use regulation remove impurity
Be 90~95%, carry out natural drying, wait for water content be 60~70%, collect drying food garbage, will drying food garbage with
Additive in mass ratio 6:1~2 mixing, is placed in container, the sealing container at 30~35 DEG C, places 2~4 days, collection vessel
In substance, obtain synergy material, it is spare；
（2）It carries out digging processing road on hardened soil, processing road height is 30~35cm, and width is 10~20cm, and is handled
Road is uniformly sorted by ranks, and the spacing of every two row is 1.2~1.8m, and the spacing of every two row is 1.3~1.5m, in processing road
Bottom is laid with jet pipe, and soil is dried 2~4 days；
（3）After drying, by step（1）Spare synergy material is put into processing road, and addition is until handle the three of road height
At/bis-, then to processing road middle berth spill stalk particle, make stalk particle by handle road remaining space be completely covered, place 1~2
It；
（4）After placement, 70~75 DEG C of steam is sprayed into soil by jet pipe, the penetrating time is 6~8min, every
Penetrating steam is carried out into soil every 42~48h, sprays into steam in total 5~7 times, after steam, will handle the object in road
Matter stirs evenly, and radiate 3~5h；
（5）After heat dissipation, it is sprinkled into fly maggot ovum into processing road, is uniformly mixed, stands 10~12 days, then spray into soil
Steam, the penetrating time is 15~20min, then stands 1~2h, is turned over to soil, 3~5 days after turning over, that is, is completed to soil
Hardened improvement.
2. the administering method of soil hardening according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the step（1）Middle additive is
By ammonium hydrogen carbonate and sodium bicarbonate in mass ratio 3~5:8 mix.
3. the administering method of soil hardening according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the step（3）Middle stalk particle
For maize straw and wheat stalk are pressed quality 1:1 carries out co-grinding, sieves with 100 mesh sieve to get stalk particle.
4. the administering method of soil hardening according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the step（5）Middle fly maggot ovum
The amount of being sprinkled into is every meter of 600~650g of processing road, and the water content for keeping handling substance in road when spilling into is 50~70%.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN110063100A (en) * | 2019-04-23 | 2019-07-30 | 盛世生态环境股份有限公司 | A method of for improveing buried steam pipe system and the salinized soil improvement of salinized soil |
| CN110521319A (en) * | 2019-09-03 | 2019-12-03 | 东北农业大学 | The device of solar energy heating farmland deep soil increase crop soil moisture content |
| CN112640616A (en) * | 2020-12-17 | 2021-04-13 | 潘小艳 | Method for rapidly improving soil fertility of organic agriculture |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN110063100A (en) * | 2019-04-23 | 2019-07-30 | 盛世生态环境股份有限公司 | A method of for improveing buried steam pipe system and the salinized soil improvement of salinized soil |
| CN110521319A (en) * | 2019-09-03 | 2019-12-03 | 东北农业大学 | The device of solar energy heating farmland deep soil increase crop soil moisture content |
| CN112640616A (en) * | 2020-12-17 | 2021-04-13 | 潘小艳 | Method for rapidly improving soil fertility of organic agriculture |
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Application publication date: 20180907 |