CN112640616A - Method for rapidly improving soil fertility of organic agriculture - Google Patents
Method for rapidly improving soil fertility of organic agriculture Download PDFInfo
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- CN112640616A CN112640616A CN202011498442.5A CN202011498442A CN112640616A CN 112640616 A CN112640616 A CN 112640616A CN 202011498442 A CN202011498442 A CN 202011498442A CN 112640616 A CN112640616 A CN 112640616A
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- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 163
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
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- MMXZSJMASHPLLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyrroloquinoline quinone Chemical compound C12=C(C(O)=O)C=C(C(O)=O)N=C2C(=O)C(=O)C2=C1NC(C(=O)O)=C2 MMXZSJMASHPLLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
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- QJZYHAIUNVAGQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-nitrobicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-ene-2,3-dicarboxylic acid Chemical compound C1C2C=CC1C(C(=O)O)C2(C(O)=O)[N+]([O-])=O QJZYHAIUNVAGQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000017166 Bambusa arundinacea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
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- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 4
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- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- NCYVXEGFNDZQCU-UHFFFAOYSA-N nikethamide Chemical compound CCN(CC)C(=O)C1=CC=CN=C1 NCYVXEGFNDZQCU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K67/00—Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New or modified breeds of animals
- A01K67/033—Rearing or breeding invertebrates; New breeds of invertebrates
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K67/00—Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New or modified breeds of animals
- A01K67/033—Rearing or breeding invertebrates; New breeds of invertebrates
- A01K67/0332—Earthworms
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01M—CATCHING, TRAPPING OR SCARING OF ANIMALS; APPARATUS FOR THE DESTRUCTION OF NOXIOUS ANIMALS OR NOXIOUS PLANTS
- A01M29/00—Scaring or repelling devices, e.g. bird-scaring apparatus
- A01M29/06—Scaring or repelling devices, e.g. bird-scaring apparatus using visual means, e.g. scarecrows, moving elements, specific shapes, patterns or the like
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01M—CATCHING, TRAPPING OR SCARING OF ANIMALS; APPARATUS FOR THE DESTRUCTION OF NOXIOUS ANIMALS OR NOXIOUS PLANTS
- A01M29/00—Scaring or repelling devices, e.g. bird-scaring apparatus
- A01M29/16—Scaring or repelling devices, e.g. bird-scaring apparatus using sound waves
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05C—NITROGENOUS FERTILISERS
- C05C11/00—Other nitrogenous fertilisers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/10—Solid or semi-solid fertilisers, e.g. powders
- C05G5/12—Granules or flakes
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D9/00—Adaptations of wind motors for special use; Combinations of wind motors with apparatus driven thereby; Wind motors specially adapted for installation in particular locations
- F03D9/007—Adaptations of wind motors for special use; Combinations of wind motors with apparatus driven thereby; Wind motors specially adapted for installation in particular locations the wind motor being combined with means for converting solar radiation into useful energy
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D9/00—Adaptations of wind motors for special use; Combinations of wind motors with apparatus driven thereby; Wind motors specially adapted for installation in particular locations
- F03D9/20—Wind motors characterised by the driven apparatus
- F03D9/25—Wind motors characterised by the driven apparatus the apparatus being an electrical generator
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/34—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering
- H02J7/35—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering with light sensitive cells
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
- H02S10/00—PV power plants; Combinations of PV energy systems with other systems for the generation of electric power
- H02S10/10—PV power plants; Combinations of PV energy systems with other systems for the generation of electric power including a supplementary source of electric power, e.g. hybrid diesel-PV energy systems
- H02S10/12—Hybrid wind-PV energy systems
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/22—Improving land use; Improving water use or availability; Controlling erosion
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/70—Wind energy
- Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
- Y02P20/133—Renewable energy sources, e.g. sunlight
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P80/00—Climate change mitigation technologies for sector-wide applications
- Y02P80/20—Climate change mitigation technologies for sector-wide applications using renewable energy
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Birds (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Insects & Arthropods (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for rapidly improving soil fertility of organic agriculture, and belongs to the technical field of soil fertility improvement of organic agriculture. The method comprises the steps of fattening cultivated land, irrigating, supplementing water and biologically putting in, except that products of metabolism of earthworms are introduced, the fertility of soil can be maintained for a long time, the residual egg shells are decomposed by hatching of fly maggots, the disease and insect resistance of the soil is improved, the 'plowing' effect of the fly maggots and the earthworms is utilized to improve the nutrient content in the soil, and finally the fly maggots and the earthworms are mixed with the soil to cover the soil, so that the nutrient content of the soil is further increased, the problem of soil hardening is effectively solved, the fly maggots and the earthworms can be propagated infinitely and can be recycled, the cost input of soil scarification is further reduced, and the effect is remarkable.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of soil fertility improvement of organic agriculture, in particular to a method for quickly improving soil fertility of organic agriculture.
Background
The agricultural development basically goes through several development stages of traditional agriculture, green revolution, petroleum agriculture and the like, the petroleum agriculture makes great contribution to solving the serious shortage of human food, but brings a series of serious problems such as the reduction of the number of cultivated lands, the reduction of the quality of the cultivated lands, environmental pollution, food safety, the reduction of biological diversity, resource failure and the like which influence the sustainable development of earth mankind, the problems of the soil hardening capacity reduction of farmland, the enhancement of pest resistance, the frequent occurrence of food safety accidents, the reduction of farmland benefits and the like caused by the high-intensity 'modernized' farming (such as the heavy use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides) all cause the foundation of the agriculture to be more fragile, the sustainable development of the agriculture cannot be really realized, along with the development of social economy, people pay more and more attention to the environmental protection and the quality of agricultural products, the organic food is a food which is produced and formed along with the improvement of the ecological environment consciousness of people and the development of the, organic agriculture refers to an agricultural production mode which follows a specific agricultural production principle, does not adopt organisms and products thereof obtained by genetic engineering in production, does not use chemically synthesized pesticides, chemical fertilizers, growth regulators, feed additives and other substances, accords with natural laws and ecological principles, coordinates the balance of planting industry and breeding industry, adopts a series of sustainable agricultural technologies to maintain a continuous and stable agricultural production system, and is organic agricultureOrigin of originIn the 20 th century and the 90 th beginning, the rapid development of organic food in all developed countries around the world began, and at present, standards and regulations in organic food have been established and implemented in almost all developed countries, such as the "organic food production law" established in 1990 of the United states, the "organic agricultural regulations" established in 1991 of the European Union, etc., the standards of the countries are established in the world by referring to the organic product standards established by the International alliance for organic agricultural sports (IFOQM) established in 1972, the corresponding marketing guidelines of the production and processing standards of organic agricultural products, 1991, are established by the food law Committee of the United nations, and the corresponding organic production standard GBT 19630.1-2011 is established in China, so that various requirements for organic production are clearly expressed, and the requirements for organic production are clearly expressedThe concept of a transition period is included, which refers to the period between the beginning of management to the production unit and the organic certification of the product according to the organic standard.
The prior art discloses a method for quickly improving organic agricultural soil fertility with application number of CN201510198734.X, and particularly relates to a method for quickly improving organic agricultural production farmland soil fertility and application thereof. The method for rapidly improving the soil fertility of the farmland produced by organic agriculture comprises the steps of applying a compound conditioner to soil and releasing earthworms; wherein, before applying the compound conditioner and releasing the earthworms, the soil needs to meet the following conditions: 1) the water content of the soil is kept between 30 and 50 percent, and 2) the content of soluble salt in the soil is kept below 4 per mill; the application amount of the compound conditioner is 300-500 kg/mu; the putting amount of the earthworms is 30-50 kg/mu. The method of the invention can greatly improve the quantity and activity of the earthworms in the farmland, accelerate the soil rejuvenation and fertilizing speed, increase the microbial diversity of the soil environment, improve the soil quality, improve the crop quality and yield and realize the sustainable development of organic agriculture, but various conditions can occur in the improvement process, such as the earthworms are easy to peck by birds after being put into use, the soil loosening capacity of the earthworms is limited, the heavy metal pollution in the soil is inconvenient to improve, and the improvement effect is not ideal.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to: in order to solve the problems that earthworms are easy to peck by birds after being put into the soil, the soil loosening capacity of the earthworms is limited, heavy metal pollution in the soil is inconvenient to improve, and the improvement effect is not ideal, a method for rapidly improving the soil fertility of organic agriculture is provided.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a method for quickly improving the soil fertility of organic agriculture includes such steps as growing and fattening the farmland, irrigation and supplementing water, and putting in living things.
Preferably, the farmland fattening comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps of turning the soil by using a ploughing agricultural machine, weeding by arranging a weeding device behind a soil turning device, turning the soil in a circumferential spiral manner by using the soil turning device, breaking the soil by using a soil breaking device after the soil turning is finished, wherein the soil turning times are not less than 3 times, the soil turning depth is not less than 20 cm, the weeding device also moves along with the soil turning device and weeds the field, and pesticides are sprayed in the moving process of the weeding device, wherein the spraying amount is 20-40mm per square;
step two: adding 90-130 parts by mass of organic humus, 10-20 parts by mass of a polymer gel preparation, 35-45 parts by mass of an organic compound fertilizer, 5-10 parts by mass of plant crude protein, 10-15 parts by mass of an auxiliary adhesive and 50-100 parts by mass of water into a mixer, mixing, adding the materials into a granulator after uniform mixing to carry out a granulation process to obtain materials with uniform particle size, drying the materials in the shade to obtain dry materials, and pouring the mixed powder into a fertilizing device;
step three: the soil is crushed by the plowing, farming and soil crushing machine, the fertilizing device is arranged on the soil crushing device, the soil crushing times are not less than 5, the volume of soil blocks is not more than 2 cubic centimeters, the fertilizing device moves along with the soil crushing device and applies fertilizer to the field, and the fertilizing amount is 200-plus-500 grams per square land.
Preferably, the irrigation replenishing water comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: firstly, moving a watering device to the periphery of the cultivated land, installing a filter screen at a water inlet of the watering device, and filling a proper amount of water into the watering device;
step three: adding a proper amount of fertilizer and mineral substances into the sprinkling device, and mixing and stirring for 3-5 minutes to obtain proper sprinkling irrigation water;
step four: and (3) carrying out sprinkling irrigation on the soil, wherein the sprinkling irrigation frequency is not less than 2 times, so that the humidity of the soil is 30-50%.
Preferably, the steps of bio-delivery are as follows:
the method comprises the following steps: spraying steam at 70-75 ℃ into the soil through a spray pipe for 6-8 min, spraying the steam into the soil every 42-48 h, spraying the steam for 5-7 times in total, uniformly stirring substances in a treatment channel after the steam is finished, and radiating for 3-5 h;
step two: ditching soil, wherein the ditching quantity of each ridge of land is 8-10, and the distance between every two ditches is 10-15 cm;
step three: scattering maggot eggs into the treatment channel, uniformly mixing, standing for 8-10 days, spraying steam into the soil for 15-20 min, and standing for 1-2 h;
step four: after standing, uniformly throwing the earthworm larvae, wherein the throwing amount is controlled to be 4000 to 5000 strips per square meter;
step five: filling the ditch after the third step and the fourth step are finished, and then sweeping the ditch by using bamboo
Sweeping the floor back and forth for 2 times;
step six: after the fifth step is finished, spraying water mist to carry out moisture preservation treatment on the surface of the soil, wherein the spraying amount of the water mist is 3-5 liters per square meter, and the soil is naturally weathered for 3-5 days after the spraying is finished;
step seven: the bracket of the scarecrow is arranged in the farmland, and the height of the scarecrow bracket is
1.5-2.5 m, working for 10-15 days.
Preferably: and the organic humus in the step two is obtained by adding 40-90 parts by mass of crop straws, 35-65 parts by mass of animal wastes, 10-15 parts by mass of humic acid, 60-100 parts by mass of pyrroloquinoline quinone and 120 parts by mass of water into a mixer for mixing, and adding the obtained substances into a fermentation tank for fermentation for 100-fold 120 days after uniform mixing.
Preferably, the scarecrow support in the seventh step is provided with a solar cell module, a wind power generation module, an infrared sensor, a data recognition module, a buzzer and a driving mechanism.
Preferably, the animal manure is chicken manure or duck manure.
Preferably, the earthworm larvae are limnodrilus aiguilliermondii.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the invention utilizes a ploughing agricultural machine to plough the soil, arranges a weeding device behind the ploughing device to weed, realizes the circular spiral ploughing of the field through the ploughing device, and then utilizes the soil breaking device to break the soil after the ploughing, the ploughing times are not less than 3 times, the ploughing depth is not less than 20 cm, the weeding device moves along with the ploughing device to weed the field, the weeding device sprays pesticide in the moving process, the spraying amount is 20-40mm per square, thus the thickness of the available plough layer can be increased, the quality of the soil plough layer of the field can be rapidly improved, the capillary of the soil can be cut off after the plough layer is reconstructed, the soil is looser, the air permeability and water retention capability are improved, the effective exchange of gas in the soil is improved, the effective decomposition of mineral substances is improved, the contents of organic matters and quick-acting nutrients in the soil are improved, the volume weight of the soil is reduced, the number, the growth of beneficial microorganisms in soil can be promoted, the activity of the beneficial microorganisms can be improved, the microorganisms in the root systems of plants can secrete substances such as vitamins and growth stimulin to promote the growth of plant plants, so that the quality of the plants can be improved, weed removal can be realized during weeding, the nutrients in the soil can be prevented from being absorbed by weeds, 90-130 parts by mass of organic humus, 10-20 parts by mass of a high-molecular gel preparation, 35-45 parts by mass of an organic compound fertilizer, 5-10 parts by mass of plant crude protein, 10-15 parts by mass of an auxiliary adhesive and 50-100 parts by mass of water are added into a mixer for mixing, after uniform mixing, the materials are added into a granulator for granulation, the materials with uniform particle size are obtained, then the materials are dried in the shade to obtain dry materials, the dry materials are poured into a fertilizer applying device, a plowing and farming soil breaking machine is utilized, the fertilizing device is arranged on the soil breaking device, the soil breaking frequency is not less than 5 times, the volume of soil blocks is not more than 2 cubic centimeters, the fertilizing device moves along with the soil turning device and applies fertilizer to the field, the fertilizing amount is 200 plus one 500 grams per square land, the fertilizer can be uniformly contacted with the soil in the soil breaking process, the labor-consuming uniformity of the soil is improved, the fertilizing frequency to the soil is reduced, the fertility of the soil is obviously improved, the organic humus contains chicken manure or duck manure, the chicken manure or duck manure contains a large amount of hydrogen, carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, phosphorus, potassium and calcium elements, the organic humus can be used as nutrient elements directly absorbed by vegetation and also can be used as food raw materials required by growth of earthworms and maggots, meanwhile, the organic humus also contains pyrroloquinoline quinone, the pyrroloquinoline quinone can promote the propagation of beneficial microorganisms in the soil and the growth of plants, and the pyrroloquinoline quinone is an auxiliary base of various enzymes, through activating specific protein kinase in a biological cell membrane, a series of biochemical reactions related to division in a living body can be promoted, so that the metabolism of beneficial microorganisms in soil is promoted, the quantity of the microorganisms in the soil is increased, and in addition, pyrroloquinoline quinone can also transform phosphorus and potassium elements which are fixed and are not easy to absorb in the soil through promoting the physiological activities of microorganisms such as phosphate solubilizing bacteria and potassium solubilizing bacteria; the transformation process of the soil nitrogen of the plant planting field can be changed obviously by improving the carbon-nitrogen ratio of the soil, the turnover rate of inorganic nitrogen is accelerated, fixed nitrogen in the soil is released, the effectiveness of the nitrogen in the soil is improved, the content of organic matters and available nutrients in the soil is increased after the pyrroloquinoline quinone is applied, the plants are easier to absorb, the using amount of a chemical fertilizer is reduced, the porosity of the soil can also be increased, the soil can keep proper ventilation and water retention, the growth of plant root systems is facilitated, and the activity of the plant root systems is improved.
2. The invention can maintain the fertility of soil for a long time by introducing metabolic products of earthworms, can also improve the nutritional ingredients in the soil by hatching the maggot eggs, decomposing the residual egg shells to improve the disease and insect resistance of the soil, and then improving the nutritional ingredients in the soil by utilizing the 'ploughing' action of the maggots and the earthworms, and finally mixing and covering the maggots and the earthworms with the soil to further increase the nutritional ingredients of the soil, thereby effectively solving the problem of soil hardening, and the maggots and the earthworms can be propagated infinitely and can be recycled, thereby further reducing the cost input of soil scarification, having obvious effect, and simultaneously installing the scarecrow bracket in a ploughed land, wherein the height of the scarecrow bracket is 1.5-2.5 meters, the scarecrow bracket works for 10-15 days, and the scarecrow bracket is provided with a solar cell module, a power generation module, an infrared sensor, a data recognition module, a buzzer and a driving mechanism, the solar cell module and the wind power generation module can supply power to power utilization facilities on the scarecrow support, the wind power generation module generates power by rotating the fan blades through natural wind, the infrared sensor detects the frequency of 10-30 minutes each time, and the data identification module identifies whether the birds are, the buzzer sends out infrasonic wave of 10-20 decibels to drive the birds, the birds are prevented from pecking the fly maggots and the earthworms which are just thrown into the soil but do not penetrate into the soil, and the number of the fly maggots and the earthworms is ensured.
Detailed Description
The first embodiment is as follows:
the invention provides a technical scheme that: a method for quickly improving the soil fertility of organic agriculture includes such steps as growing and fattening the farmland, irrigation and supplementing water, and putting in living things.
The cultivated land fattening method comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps of turning the soil by using a ploughing agricultural machine, weeding by arranging a weeding device behind a soil turning device, turning the soil in a circumferential spiral manner by using the soil turning device, breaking the soil by using a soil breaking device after the soil turning is finished, wherein the soil turning times are not less than 3 times, the soil turning depth is not less than 20 cm, the weeding device also moves along with the soil turning device and weeds the field, and pesticides are sprayed in the moving process of the weeding device, wherein the spraying amount is 20-40mm per square;
step two: adding 90-130 parts by mass of organic humus, 10-20 parts by mass of a polymer gel preparation, 35-45 parts by mass of an organic compound fertilizer, 5-10 parts by mass of plant crude protein, 10-15 parts by mass of an auxiliary adhesive and 50-100 parts by mass of water into a mixer, mixing, adding the materials into a granulator after uniform mixing to carry out a granulation process to obtain materials with uniform particle size, drying the materials in the shade to obtain dry materials, and pouring the mixed powder into a fertilizing device;
step three: the soil is crushed by the plowing, farming and soil crushing machine, the fertilizing device is arranged on the soil crushing device, the soil crushing times are not less than 5, the volume of soil blocks is not more than 2 cubic centimeters, the fertilizing device moves along with the soil crushing device and applies fertilizer to the field, and the fertilizing amount is 200-plus-500 grams per square land.
In the invention: the thickness of the available plough layer can be increased through the steps, and the quality of the farmland soil plough layer is rapidly improved. The plough layer can cut off the capillary tube of the soil after reconstruction, so that the soil is looser, the air permeability and water retention capacity are improved, the effective exchange of gas in the soil is improved, the effective decomposition of mineral substances is improved, the content of organic matters and available nutrients in the soil is improved, the volume weight of the soil is reduced, the number of soil microorganisms is increased, the growth of beneficial microorganisms in the soil can be promoted, the activity of the beneficial microorganisms is improved, and the microorganisms in the root system of the plant can secrete substances such as vitamins and growth stimulin to promote the growth of plants, so that the quality of the plants is improved.
The irrigation water replenishing comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: firstly, moving a watering device to the periphery of the cultivated land, installing a filter screen at a water inlet of the watering device, and filling a proper amount of water into the watering device;
step three: adding a proper amount of fertilizer and mineral substances into the sprinkling device, and mixing and stirring for 3-5 minutes to obtain proper sprinkling irrigation water;
step four: sprinkling irrigation is carried out on the soil, the sprinkling irrigation frequency is not less than 2 times, and the humidity of the soil is 30% -50%;
according to the invention, the activity of soil and internal organisms can be improved through the steps, and the normal development of organisms and plants can be ensured.
The steps of bio-delivery are as follows:
the method comprises the following steps: spraying steam at 70-75 ℃ into the soil through a spray pipe for 6-8 min, spraying the steam into the soil every 42-48 h, spraying the steam for 5-7 times in total, uniformly stirring substances in a treatment channel after the steam is finished, and radiating for 3-5 h;
step two: ditching soil, wherein the ditching quantity of each ridge of land is 8-10, and the distance between every two ditches is 10-15 cm;
step three: scattering maggot eggs into the treatment channel, uniformly mixing, standing for 8-10 days, spraying steam into the soil for 15-20 min, and standing for 1-2 h;
step four: after standing, uniformly throwing the earthworm larvae, wherein the throwing amount is controlled to be 4000 to 5000 strips per square meter;
step five: filling the ditch after the third step and the fourth step are finished, and then sweeping for 2 times back and forth by using a bamboo broom;
step six: after the fifth step is finished, spraying water mist to carry out moisture preservation treatment on the surface of the soil, wherein the spraying amount of the water mist is 3-5 liters per square meter, and the soil is naturally weathered for 3-5 days after the spraying is finished;
step seven: the bracket for the scarecrow is arranged in the farmland, the height of the bracket for the scarecrow is 1.5-2.5 meters, and the bracket works for 10-15 days.
According to the invention, the 'ploughing' effect of the maggots and the earthworms can be utilized through the steps, so that the nutrient content in the soil is improved, and finally the maggots and the earthworms are mixed with the soil for covering, so that the nutrient content of the soil is further increased, and the problem of soil hardening is effectively solved.
And the organic humus in the step two is obtained by adding 40-90 parts by mass of crop straws, 35-65 parts by mass of animal wastes, 10-15 parts by mass of humic acid, 60-100 parts by mass of pyrroloquinoline quinone and 120 parts by mass of water into a mixer for mixing, and adding the obtained substances into a fermentation tank for fermentation for 100-fold 120 days after uniform mixing.
According to the invention, the organic matter content and the available nutrient content are increased through the steps, so that the plants are easier to absorb, the using amount of the fertilizer is reduced, the soil porosity is increased, the soil keeps proper ventilation and water retention, the growth of the plant root system is facilitated, and the plant root system activity is improved.
And the scarecrow support in the seventh step is provided with a solar cell module, a wind power generation module, an infrared sensor, a data identification module, a buzzer and a driving mechanism.
According to the invention, the birds can be repelled through the steps, so that the birds can be prevented from pecking the fly maggots and the earthworms, and the quantity of the fly maggots and the earthworms is ensured.
The animal manure is chicken manure or duck manure.
In the invention, the chicken manure and the live duck manure contain a large amount of hydrogen, carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, phosphorus, potassium and calcium elements, which can be used as nutrient elements directly absorbed by vegetation and can also be used as food raw materials required by earthworm growth.
Preferably, the earthworm larvae are limnodrilus aiguilliermondii.
In the invention, the earthworm has strong adaptability, large individual and easy survival.
It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential attributes thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein.
Claims (8)
1. A method for quickly improving the soil fertility of organic agriculture includes such steps as growing and fattening the farmland, irrigation and supplementing water, and putting in living things.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein said method comprises: the cultivated land fattening method comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps of turning the soil by using a ploughing agricultural machine, weeding by arranging a weeding device behind a soil turning device, turning the soil in a circumferential spiral manner by using the soil turning device, breaking the soil by using a soil breaking device after the soil turning is finished, wherein the soil turning times are not less than 3 times, the soil turning depth is not less than 20 cm, the weeding device also moves along with the soil turning device and weeds the field, and pesticides are sprayed in the moving process of the weeding device, wherein the spraying amount is 20-40mm per square;
step two: adding 90-130 parts by mass of organic humus, 10-20 parts by mass of a polymer gel preparation, 35-45 parts by mass of an organic compound fertilizer, 5-10 parts by mass of plant crude protein, 10-15 parts by mass of an auxiliary adhesive and 50-100 parts by mass of water into a mixer, mixing, adding the materials into a granulator after uniform mixing to carry out a granulation process to obtain materials with uniform particle size, drying the materials in the shade to obtain dry materials, and pouring the mixed powder into a fertilizing device;
step three: the soil is crushed by the plowing, farming and soil crushing machine, the fertilizing device is arranged on the soil crushing device, the soil crushing times are not less than 5, the volume of soil blocks is not more than 2 cubic centimeters, the fertilizing device moves along with the soil crushing device and applies fertilizer to the field, and the fertilizing amount is 200-plus-500 grams per square land.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein said method comprises: the irrigation water replenishing comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: firstly, moving a watering device to the periphery of the cultivated land, installing a filter screen at a water inlet of the watering device, and filling a proper amount of water into the watering device;
step three: adding a proper amount of fertilizer and mineral substances into the sprinkling device, and mixing and stirring for 3-5 minutes to obtain proper sprinkling irrigation water;
step four: and (3) carrying out sprinkling irrigation on the soil, wherein the sprinkling irrigation frequency is not less than 2 times, so that the humidity of the soil is 30-50%.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein said method comprises: the steps of bio-delivery are as follows:
the method comprises the following steps: spraying steam at 70-75 ℃ into the soil through a spray pipe for 6-8 min, spraying the steam into the soil every 42-48 h, spraying the steam for 5-7 times in total, uniformly stirring substances in a treatment channel after the steam is finished, and radiating for 3-5 h;
step two: ditching soil, wherein the ditching quantity of each ridge of land is 8-10, and the distance between every two ditches is 10-15 cm;
step three: scattering maggot eggs into the treatment channel, uniformly mixing, standing for 8-10 days, spraying steam into the soil for 15-20 min, and standing for 1-2 h;
step four: after standing, uniformly throwing the earthworm larvae, wherein the throwing amount is controlled to be 4000 to 5000 strips per square meter;
step five: filling the ditch after the third step and the fourth step are finished, and then sweeping for 2 times back and forth by using a bamboo broom;
step six: after the fifth step is finished, spraying water mist to carry out moisture preservation treatment on the surface of the soil, wherein the spraying amount of the water mist is 3-5 liters per square meter, and the soil is naturally weathered for 3-5 days after the spraying is finished;
step seven: the bracket for the scarecrow is arranged in the farmland, the height of the bracket for the scarecrow is 1.5-2.5 meters, and the bracket works for 10-15 days.
5. The method of claim 2, wherein said method comprises: and the organic humus in the step two is obtained by adding 40-90 parts by mass of crop straws, 35-65 parts by mass of animal wastes, 10-15 parts by mass of humic acid, 60-100 parts by mass of pyrroloquinoline quinone and 120 parts by mass of water into a mixer for mixing, and adding the obtained substances into a fermentation tank for fermentation for 100-fold 120 days after uniform mixing.
6. The method of claim 4, wherein said method comprises: and the scarecrow support in the seventh step is provided with a solar cell module, a wind power generation module, an infrared sensor, a data identification module, a buzzer and a driving mechanism.
7. The method of claim 5, wherein said method comprises: the animal manure is chicken manure or duck manure.
8. The method of claim 4, wherein said method comprises: the earthworm larvae are lima lachryma.
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