CN102301848A - Method for comprehensively improving saline and alkaline land soil - Google Patents
Method for comprehensively improving saline and alkaline land soil Download PDFInfo
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- CN102301848A CN102301848A CN201110181239A CN201110181239A CN102301848A CN 102301848 A CN102301848 A CN 102301848A CN 201110181239 A CN201110181239 A CN 201110181239A CN 201110181239 A CN201110181239 A CN 201110181239A CN 102301848 A CN102301848 A CN 102301848A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for comprehensively improving saline and alkaline land soil, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of: applying different amounts of special improving medium for the saline and alkaline land soil according to the saline and alkaline conditions and carrying out rotary tillage for 1-2 times to uniformly mix the medium with the soil, wherein the applying amount of the improving medium is 10 kg/sq.m in a severe saline and alkaline land, 8 kg/sq.m in a moderate saline and alkaline land and 5 kg/sq.m in a light saline and alkaline land; inputting water to immerse the land surface, and then draining water after immersing for 3-8 hours; then covering a layer of nutrient-rich substrate with the thickness of 5-10 cm on the surface layer of the water-drained soil; finally, putting at least 20 alive earthworms into each square meter of soil and then farming. The method provided by the invention can overcome the disadvantages that the traditional improving technology is single and the saline and alkaline problem cannot be radically solved; by utilizing the method, the composition of a microorganism system of the whole farming layer is abundant, the structure is complicated and the function is complete; a good circulation of a spontaneous fermentation synthesis is formed, the growth of pathogenic bacteria in the soil is inhibited, and the saline and alkaline land is effectively and systematically improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to alkaline land soil, specifically is a kind of synthesis improvement method of alkaline land soil.
Background technology
Alkaline land improving is a global problem, and global saline land area is above 900,000,000 hectares.All kinds of saline and alkaline soil of China reaches 100,000,000 hectares.Saline soil is the part of the important land resources of China, and wasteland resource medium salting soil occupies significant proportion.Saline-alkali soil comprises the soil of solonchak and two kinds of different in kinds of alkaline earth.Solonchak includes the excess water soluble salinity, belongs to neutral salt more, and react acid is between the pH value 7 to 8.Mainly to be that Na ion concentration is too high cause salt damage.Solonchak and salinization soil are made up of neutral salt such as sodium sulphate, sodium chloride, and alkalescence is not strong.Contain water-soluble basic salt in the alkaline earth, be stronger alkaline reaction, pH value is more than 8.5.Soil structure is muddy when extremely bad, wet, the be full of cracks of hardening when dried, and it is difficult to cause plant to be unearthed.Alkaline earth is corrosive, and can destroy the cellular tissure of plant.It is main with giving birth to sodium carbonate that alkaline earth is formed with sodium carbonate.Except that solonchak, alkaline earth, often mostly be with alkaline earth for leading and contain solonchak, or solonchak is the salt-mixture alkaline earth of leading and contain alkaline earth.Still there are 2.6 hundred million mu of potential salinization soils in the left and right sides in China according to statistics.Secondary salinization if improper measures such as development and use, irrigation farming, very easily take place in this type soil.At present, the improvement technology of saline-alkali soil mainly is to reduce salt, alkali composition, soil moved in to improve the original cultivation, application of organic fertilizers raising soil nutrient composition through drip washing, and pH value, water retention value, molten tolerance through chemical improvement agent change soil reduce the salinity in the soil effectively.Gypsum commonly used poorly soluble, input height in the high soil of pH value.Organic acid mixture cost is high, effect is of short duration.Use the then easy decomposition limited time of peat, farmyard manure.Above technological raw material sources are narrow, large-scale production has limitation, and production method is complicated, and is long to the alkaline land improving cycle, can not accomplish that comprehensive, systemic, persistent improving the soil makes it to become the good farmland of stablizing high-quality.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is deficiency, and it is single to provide a kind of synthesis improvement method of alkaline land soil, this method can overcome existing improving technology, can not fundamentally solve the shortcoming of saline and alkaline problem to prior art.
The object of the invention is realized through following technical scheme:
A kind of synthesis improvement method of alkaline land soil comprises the steps:
(1) apply the alkaline land soil improvement of special media of different amounts according to saline and alkaline situation, rotary tillage 1 ~ 2 time makes itself and soil mixing, and the sowing amount of improveing medium is severe saline land 10kg/m
2Moderate saline land 8 kg/m
2Slight saline land 5 kg/m
2
(2) discharge water and flood the face of land, soak after 3 ~ 8 hours, drain water;
(3) draining the nutrient matrix that covers a bed thickness 5 ~ 10cm on the upper soll layer of water;
(4) behind the covering nutrient matrix, get final product farming by at least 20 earthworms alive of every square metre of input.
Improvement medium described in the step (1), adopt the method that comprises the steps to process:
(1) by materials percentage by weight preparation mixed acid solution: each component consumption percentage by weight is: humus 15-30%, maleic acid 25-45%, oxalic acid 2 ~ 10%, dioctyl sodium sulfosuccinate 15-20%, humic acid 5 ~ 15%;
(2) get 1 ~ 3 liter of mixed acid solution, thin up to 100 liter;
(3) ratio that adds 20 kilograms of liver mosses with 100 liters of dilute acid solutions adds liver moss;
(4) in 10 ~ 0 ℃ warm water, soaked 12 ~ 36 hours;
(5) bryophyte after take out soaking is natural seasoning in 40% the environment in relative moisture, and its water content is reached below 38%;
(6) ratio that in the bryophyte of step (5), adds 0.1 kilogram natural zeolite in the per kilogram bryophyte adds natural zeolite, and mixing is even, the pack encapsulation.
The described nutrient matrix of step (3), adopt the method that comprises the steps to process:
(1) prepares organic compound by formulation weight percentage; Each component materials percentage by weight is: vegetable fiber 40 ~ 70%, biomass char 5～10%, bryophyte 5～10%, natural pond slag 10～25%, wormcast 9～14%, beneficial microbe colony 1%;
(2) get organic compound, add the ratio of 1 kilogram of 20% brown sugar water, add brown sugar water and mix thoroughly in 100 ~ 150 kilograms of compounds;
(3) 40 ~ 50 ℃ of stack rettings 15 ~ 25 days;
(4) ratio in 100 ︰ 9～14 adds wormcast in the fermentation maturity material, and mixing is processed.
This synthesis improvement method shows through field trial, can effectively improve the saline land, prevents the accumulation of salt in the surface soil, activates the nutrient that is cured in the soil, constantly increases organic, organic acid, forms multiple functional benign cycle.Test effect is seen table 1, table 2.
Table 1:Use improvement medium soil melioration front and back effect comparison table
Before the improvement
Improved back 10 days
Improved back 6 months
Table 2: use nutrient matrix soil nutrient content test chart
Why the present invention can produce above-mentioned good effect, is because the bryophyte screen casing in the soil melioration medium is abundant, many spaces microstructure.The water absorbing capacity that it is superpower can reach 15 ~ 20 times of self body weight.And its evaporation discharge has only 1/5 of water purification surface, and the characteristics of ability secreting acidic material.It is contained humus, humic acid, maleic acid, oxalic acid, dioctyl sodium sulfosuccinate solution absorbs in the screen casing of bryophyte as the carrier handle, and dry back adds natural zeolite.Before need improvement, execute on the face of land rotary tillage once, make itself and soil mixing improveing medium.The immersion of pouring water then discharges with saline-alkali soil the substance dissolves in the screen casing and closes organic end, accelerates the solvability of the high-valency metal compound in the soil, makes sodium ion be in free state.Make free sodium ion and the salt ion of a large amount of absorption of macromolecule, and its water is spun below the plow layer.Compositions such as humus, humic acid, oxalic acid have positive effect to the physicochemical property of soil simultaneously.It contains H in the oxygen functional group
+Ionization, make it have acidity, absorbability, solubility.P in soil H value reduces, salt content descends, density descends, organic increasing, and the formation of soil structure is played an important role.Bryophyte in the last soil can be blocked soil capillary, prevents that salinity rises in the underground water.
Main component in the nutrient matrix is vegetable fiber, bryophyte, biomass char, beneficial microbe colony, natural pond slag, wormcast, and throws in active earthworm (every square is no more than 20).These nutrient components cover the back and form a complete circulation nutrition system rapidly.At first with vegetable fiber and bryophyte, natural pond slag, microorganism species after fermentation, produce great number of organic matters.And because the structural condition of vegetable fiber and bryophyte, biomass char itself can provide a good growing environment to beneficial microbe colony, the rapid procreation of these microorganisms and for edaphon nutriment is provided again to organic decomposition.Help the soil beneficial microorganism and grow procreation.Wormcast conduct simultaneously is organic manure efficiently, and it is with organic---microorganism---, and the growth factor reasonable combination is got up.Improve soil environment and reach getting fat, disease-resistant, foster native purpose.The water conservation venting capability is higher 3 times than general soil, comprising 18 seed amino acids, contains organicly 42.2%, and beneficial bacterium reaches every gram 200,000 ~ 200,000,000.Its surface area more than 100 times, can provide more opportunity to let soil contact with air than preceding raising.Fundamentally solve the soil compaction problem, and have the ability that absorbs and keep nutriment.The earthworm of throwing in day and night do not stop at underground activities, make loosing soil soft, the moisture content air can more infiltrate in the soil.Organic matter and earth that earthworm eats every day through gastral mineralising, form ight soil and discharge and produce great number of organic matters, amino acid.And make the PH in the original soil reduce, be tending towards neutral.The a series of multiple functional benign cycle of above formation naturally; Long-term and act on the structure of lower floor's soil property; Directly more deeply and constantly improve whole soil environment, make abundant, the complex structure, multiple functional of composition of the microflora of whole plow layer, form the synthetic benign cycle of spontaneous fermentation; And pathogen grows in the inhibition soil, the improvement of efficient system the saline land.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment the present invention is done further elaboration, but should be understood that following examples only are used for the present invention is illustrated, and be not in order to limit protection scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1
A kind of synthesis improvement method of alkaline land soil may further comprise the steps:
(1) apply the improvement medium: sowing amount is 8 kg/m
2, rotary tillage 1 ~ 2 time makes itself and soil mixing;
(2) discharge water and flood the face of land, soak after 3 ~ 8 hours, drain water;
(3) draining the nutrient matrix that covers a bed thickness 5cm on the upper soll layer of water;
(4) behind the covering nutrient matrix, throw in 20 earthworms alive by every square metre and get final product farming.
The described improvement medium of step (1), adopt the method that comprises the steps to process:
(1) takes off humus 20%, maleic acid 45%, oxalic acid 5%, dioctyl sodium sulfosuccinate 15%, the humic acid 15% stated by weight percentage and process mixed acid solution;
(2) get mixed acid solution 1-3 liter, thin up to 100 liter;
(3) ratio that adds 20 kilograms of liver mosses with 100 liters of dilute acid solutions adds liver moss;
(4) in 10-30 ℃ warm water, soaked 12-36 hour;
(5) bryophyte after take out soaking is natural seasoning in 40% the environment in relative moisture, and its water content is reached below 38%;
(6) ratio that in the bryophyte of step (5), adds 0.1 kilogram natural zeolite in the per kilogram bryophyte adds natural zeolite, and mixing is even, the pack encapsulation.
The described nutrient matrix of step (3), adopt the method that comprises the steps to process:
(1) prepares organic compound by following formulation weight percentage: vegetable fiber 50%, biomass char 10%, bryophyte 9%, natural pond slag 20%, wormcast 10%, beneficial microbe colony 1%; Wherein contain photosynthetic bacteria 0.3%, lactobacillus acidophilus 0.39%, sporeformer 0.06%, saccharomycete 0.08%, potassium bacterium 0.05%, phosphobacteria 0.05%, actinomycetes 0.07% in the beneficial microbe colony;
(2) get organic compound, add the ratio of 1 kilogram of 20% brown sugar water, add brown sugar water and mix thoroughly in 100～150 kilograms of compounds;
(3) 40～50 ℃ of stack rettings 15～25 days;
(4) ratio in 100 ︰ 10～15 adds wormcast in the fermentation maturity material, and mixing is processed.
Embodiment 2
Synthesis improvement method according to embodiment 1 carries out, and different is: the sowing amount of improvement medium is 5 kg/m
2The thickness of nutrient matrix is 8cm, 40/m of live body earthworm
2
Embodiment 3
Synthesis improvement method according to embodiment 1 carries out, and different is: the sowing amount of improvement medium is 10 kg/m
2The thickness of nutrient matrix is 10cm, 60/m of live body earthworm
2
Claims (3)
1. the synthesis improvement method of an alkaline land soil is characterized in that: comprise the steps:
(1) apply the alkaline land soil improvement of special media of different amounts according to saline and alkaline situation, rotary tillage 1 ~ 2 time makes itself and soil mixing, and the sowing amount of improveing medium is severe saline land 10kg/m
2Moderate saline land 8 kg/m
2Slight saline land 5 kg/m
2
(2) discharge water and flood the face of land, soak after 3 ~ 8 hours, drain water;
(3) draining the nutrient matrix that covers a bed thickness 5 ~ 10cm on the upper soll layer of water;
(4) behind the covering nutrient matrix, get final product farming by at least 20 earthworms alive of every square metre of input.
2. synthesis improvement method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the improvement medium described in the step (1), adopt following method to process:
(1) by materials percentage by weight preparation mixed acid solution: each component consumption percentage by weight is: humus 15～30%, maleic acid 25～45%, oxalic acid 2 ~ 10%, dioctyl sodium sulfosuccinate 15 ~ 20%, humic acid 5 ~ 15%;
(2) get 1 ~ 3 liter of mixed acid solution, thin up to 100 liter;
(3) ratio that adds 20 kilograms of liver mosses with 100 liters of dilute acid solutions adds liver moss;
(4) in 10 ~ 0 ℃ warm water, soaked 12 ~ 36 hours;
(5) bryophyte after take out soaking is natural seasoning in 40% the environment in relative moisture, and its water content is reached below 38%;
(6) ratio that in the bryophyte of step (5), adds 0.1 kilogram natural zeolite in the per kilogram bryophyte adds natural zeolite, and mixing is even, the pack encapsulation.
3. synthesis improvement method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the described nutrient matrix of step (3), adopt following method to process:
(1) prepares organic compound by formulation weight percentage; Each component materials percentage by weight is: vegetable fiber 40 ~ 70%, biomass char 5～10%, bryophyte 5～10%, natural pond slag 10～25%, wormcast 9～14%, beneficial microbe colony 1%;
(2) get organic compound, add the ratio of 1 kilogram of 20% brown sugar water, add brown sugar water and mix thoroughly in 100 ~ 150 kilograms of compounds;
(3) 40 ~ 50 ℃ of stack rettings 15 ~ 25 days;
(4) ratio in 100 ︰ 9 ~ 14 adds wormcast in the fermentation maturity material, and mixing is processed.
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| CN103477745A (en) * | 2013-09-23 | 2014-01-01 | 北京东方园林股份有限公司 | Saline-alkali soil treatment method |
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