CN102657114A - Mixed culture method for hippocampi and sea cucumbers - Google Patents
Mixed culture method for hippocampi and sea cucumbers Download PDFInfo
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- CN102657114A CN102657114A CN2012101216790A CN201210121679A CN102657114A CN 102657114 A CN102657114 A CN 102657114A CN 2012101216790 A CN2012101216790 A CN 2012101216790A CN 201210121679 A CN201210121679 A CN 201210121679A CN 102657114 A CN102657114 A CN 102657114A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract
The invention discloses a mixed culture method for hippocampi and sea cucumbers. According to the method, a culture draft is made according to the respectively biologic features of the hippocampi and the sea cucumbers, so the hippocampi and the sea cucumbers can be in mixed culture in the same region for forming a situation in spaces without mutual interference, meanwhile, bait and water body waste can be avoided, the culture complementation is formed, further, the culture cost is obviously reduced, and the culture efficiency is improved. The mixed culture method has the advantages that the operation is easy, and the controllability is high, and the method is suitable for large-scale business-like culture popularization.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the animal-breeding field, be specifically related to the method for a kind of hippocampus and sea cucumber mixed breed.
Background technology
At present, still unmatchful in the world hippocampus and sea cucumber carry out the patent report of Da Chi scale mixed breed.Hippocampus is cultured and mainly concentrates on the coastal areas of southern China area, and mainly culturing kind is hippocampus trimaculatus Leacs and big hippocampus; Aquaculture model also is based on the traditional water mud sump and carries out cyclic culture; With animal bait such as copepoda, wheel animalcule, fairy shrimp and oppossum shrimp etc. is main bait; Because will carry out bait feeding and ight soil processing etc. every day, its aquaculture cost is higher, and the bait wasting phenomenon is often arranged.The traditional holothruian cultures of China are comparative maturity, and it is coastal mainly to be distributed in the north, carries out commercialization with the traditional cement pond or the coastal big pool and cultures morely, and sea cucumber is a bait section with humus, the animality organic debris of benthic diatom in the silt particle and marine alga mainly; And southern in recent years holothruian cultures mainly concentrate on winter, and the breed of generally during the April in then October to coming year, carrying out 6 months is main.Prosperous gradually along with southern hippocampus, holothruian cultures cultured efficient if in the unit cultured area, improve, hippocampus and sea cucumber mixed culturing technology promoted in that China is coastal, and be a very big opportunity to develop then for mariculture industry.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to provides the method for a kind of hippocampus and sea cucumber mixed breed according to the above-mentioned deficiency that exists in the prior art.
Above-mentioned purpose of the present invention is achieved through following technical scheme:
The method of a kind of hippocampus and sea cucumber mixed breed comprises the steps:
(1) breeding water body is prepared: outdoor cement pit was exposed to the sun 2 days, evenly be layered on the pond with clean sandstone at the bottom of, add nitrofurazone to 3 ~ 5 ppm behind the injection seawater, soak after 24 ~ 48 hours the discharge seawater; Tan by the sun after 1 day and refill seawater again, adding benthic diatom, chlorella, photosynthetic bacteria and EM bacterium; Keep water temperature between 18 ~ 22 ℃, salinity is 31 ~ 34 ‰, and pH is 7.9 ~ 8.5, and evenly inflation is to guarantee that dissolved oxygen is not less than 5mg/L; Water body kept 3 days;
(2) the hippocampus seedling is thrown in: seedling hatch about 12 as a child after, seedling is put into cement pit, density is 80 ~ 100 tail/cubic meters, and begins in cement pit, to add the halogen worm and the copepoda of firm hatching, density is 3 ~ 6/ml, throws something and feeds every day 6 times, is satiated with food and throws something and feeds.This process will be carried out 5 days, a small amount of photosynthetic bacteria of splashing every day;
(3) the sea cucumber seedling is thrown in: throw in the hippocampus seedling after 3 days, Xiang Chizhong throws in 1 age sea cucumber seedling, and intensity of illumination is adjusted into 2000Lux; After this, be main with the hippocampus management in the cement pit, the sea cucumber seedling need not be managed separately; In 5 ~ 15 days, throw something and feed with the halogen worm and the copepoda of hatching just; Rose in 16th ~ 40, using size is the halogen worm nursing of 0.37 ~ 0.52 cm; 41 ~ 60 age in days hippocampus use size is that halogen worm and the freezing oppossum shrimp of 0.77 ~ 0.97 cm thrown something and fed; More than in 2 months in the breeding process, do not change water in preceding 20 days, and periodically added an amount of diatom and chlorella in per 3 ~ 5 days; After 30 days, can take half amount to change method (replacing of 1/2 water body) according to the water body quality breeding water body is improved;
(4) processing of falling the pond: hippocampus and sea cucumber were raised together with 60, change culturing the pond; Prepare other breed pond according to step (1), directly transfer to another one to hippocampus, sea cucumber then and culture in the pond; Water salinity, temperature constant in the transfer process.
As a kind of preferred version, in the step (1), the addition of said benthic diatom is 1 * 10
5Individual/ml, the addition of chlorella is 1 * 10
7Individual/ml; In the step (2), said halogen worm is 0.21 ± 0.04 cm, and copepoda is 0.12 ± 0.02 cm; In the step (3), said sea cucumber seedling is 50g, and addition is 14 ~ 17/square metre.
As a kind of preferred version, said halogen worm was strengthened 5 hours with high unsaturated fatty acid, and copepoda was strengthened 2 ~ 5 days with chlorella.
As a kind of preferred version, cultural method of the present invention is as culturing ground in south, and then culturing time is in the 4 ~ May in October to the second then year.As in the north, then be fit to annual the breed.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has following beneficial effect:
(1) mainly ingest little algae and meiofauna property bait of hippocampus seedling; The middle main predator property bait of above hippocampus in age; And the digestive system of hippocampus itself and undeveloped; Its ight soil also usually is the chip of animal, and all above bait or ight soil can be utilized by sea cucumber, have avoided siphon every day ight soil and residual bait; Simultaneously, on life habit, hippocampus mainly is to swim culturing the pond at the middle and upper levels the strong water body of hobby light; And sea cucumber mainly is to crawl at the bottom of the pond, likes darker environment, and therefore, both have formed non-interfering space situation;
(2) the inventive method pressure of reducing bait waste to a great extent and water body environment pollution etc. being brought; Simultaneously, aquaculture management has also been reduced labour etc. to a certain extent.Culture separately respectively with hippocampus, sea cucumber, present technique can significantly reduce aquaculture cost;
(3) the inventive method significantly reduces hippocampus aquaculture cost 30-40% through reducing water power consumption, improve bait utilization, reducing labour's expenditure etc.; The hippocampus seedling percent significantly improves (improving about 12-16% more originally) in preceding 2 months, and body weight improves about 8%, and body is long to improve about 5%; The more common breed of sea cucumber body weight improves 10-15%, and does not have disease to take place basically.
Embodiment
Come further to explain the present invention below in conjunction with embodiment, but embodiment does not do any type of qualification to the present invention.
On October 12nd, 2010, collect many batches of strain line hippocampus seedling and mix, prepare culture experiment.This experiment is divided into 3 groups (9 processing: A1, A2, A3, B1, B2, B3 and C1, C2, C3), and the breed pond is cement pit (4 * 6 * 1.5 m), also cement pit is handled (with the step 1) of specification method before throwing seedling.The subsequent step also step with the specification method is consistent.In the experiment, the A group is for utilizing the experimental group of present technique, every group 2000 tail children hippocampus, 450 sea cucumbers; The B group is control group, and every group of hippocampus quantity is 2000; The C group also is a control group, every group of 450 sea cucumbers.Breeding water body salinity, pH value and dissolved oxygen etc. are identical with experimental group, and aquaculture management is also identical.
Experimental group
Between October 15 to 15 days April in 2011 in 2010 (about 6 months), each 2000 tail of A1, A2 and A3 hippocampus seedling, 1 the age 450 of sea cucumbers, the breeding water body environment is constant.The aquaculture management process is carried out according to this patent step.Fall pond 3 times during 6 months the breed.
Control group 1
B1, B2 and each 2000 tail of B3 group hippocampus seedling; In hatchery (0.6 * 0.8 * 1.0 m), culture, breeding process carries out according to the conventional method: 27 ± 0.5 ℃ of temperature, intensity of illumination 1500 Lux; Light dark period is 24:0 (after 5 days, light dark period is adjusted into 16:8).1-5 day, feed hippocampus with the halogen worm (0.21 ± 0.04 cm) and the copepoda (0.12 ± 0.02 cm) of hatching just, density is 3-6/ml, throws something and feeds every day 6 times, is satiated with food and throws something and feeds; Ight soil siphon every day is clean; The hippocampus seedling of 5-15 age in days, main halogen worm and copepoda with hatching just thrown something and fed; 16-40 age in days seedling uses size to feed as the halogen worm of 0.37-0.52 cm; 41-60 age in days hippocampus uses size to throw something and feed as halogen worm and the freezing oppossum shrimp of 0.77-0.97 cm, and siphon every day of remaining freezing oppossum shrimp is clean.Fall pond 3 times during 6 months the breed.
Control group 2
C1, C2, C3 organize each 450 of sea cucumbers.Sea cucumber is thrown in equably in Da Chi, and during the breed, its envirment factor control and management etc. is all carried out with experimental group synchronously.In the pond, injected the part benthic diatom, and simultaneously, added a small amount of halogen worm, copepoda and freezing oppossum shrimp etc. in per 5 days.Fall pond 3 times during 6 months the breed.
The result shows:
Experimental group A: the body weight of hippocampus seedling in 6 months is 8.1 ± 1.6g, and body length is 13.4 ± 2.2 cm, and survival rate is 76 ± 5.7%.The sea cucumber body weight is 159.4 ± 20.4g, and survival rate is 93 ± 4.3%.
Control group B: the body weight of hippocampus seedling in 6 months is 8.3 ± 0.9g, and body length is 12.5 ± 1.6 cm, and survival rate is 72 ± 8.2%.
Control group C: the body weight of sea cucumber seedling in 6 months is 144.3 ± 24.3g, and survival rate is 90 ± 7.7%.
In addition, through water power consumption, bait utilization, labour's expenditure etc. are cultured consume analysis, its hippocampus, more traditional hippocampus, the sea cucumber of sea cucumber mixed breed cost are cultured saving separately between 30-40%.
Conclusion:Comprehensive above-mentioned 3 groups, the mixed cultivation method of experimental group hippocampus and sea cucumber seedling, its growth, survival rate have overwhelming superiority, and simultaneously, have significantly reduced aquaculture cost, have improved breed efficient, can this technology be applied.
Claims (7)
1. the method for hippocampus and sea cucumber mixed breed is characterized in that said method comprises the steps:
(1) breeding water body is prepared: outdoor cement pit was exposed to the sun 2 days, evenly be layered on the pond with clean sandstone at the bottom of, add nitrofurazone to 3 ~ 5 ppm behind the injection seawater, soak after 24 ~ 48 hours the discharge seawater; Tan by the sun after 1 day and refill seawater again, adding benthic diatom, chlorella, photosynthetic bacteria and EM bacterium; Keep water temperature between 18 ~ 22 ℃, salinity is 31 ~ 34 ‰, and pH is 7.9 ~ 8.5, and evenly inflation is to guarantee that dissolved oxygen is not less than 5mg/L; Water body kept 3 days;
(2) the hippocampus seedling is thrown in: seedling hatch about 12 as a child after, seedling is put into cement pit, density is 80 ~ 100 tail/cubic meters, and begins in cement pit, to add the halogen worm and the copepoda of firm hatching, density is 3 ~ 6/ml, throws something and feeds every day 6 times, is satiated with food and throws something and feeds.
2. this process will be carried out 5 days, a small amount of photosynthetic bacteria of splashing every day;
(3) the sea cucumber seedling is thrown in: throw in the hippocampus seedling after 3 days, Xiang Chizhong throws in 1 age sea cucumber seedling, and intensity of illumination is adjusted into 2000Lux; After this, be main with the hippocampus management in the cement pit, the sea cucumber seedling need not be managed separately; In 5 ~ 15 days, throw something and feed with the halogen worm and the copepoda of hatching just; Rose in 16th ~ 40, using size is the halogen worm nursing of 0.37 ~ 0.52 cm; 41 ~ 60 age in days hippocampus use size is that halogen worm and the freezing oppossum shrimp of 0.77 ~ 0.97 cm thrown something and fed; More than in 2 months in the breeding process, do not change water in preceding 20 days, and periodically added an amount of diatom and chlorella in per 3 ~ 5 days; After 30 days, can take half amount to change method (replacing of 1/2 water body) according to the water body quality breeding water body is improved;
(4) processing of falling the pond: hippocampus and sea cucumber were raised together with 60, change culturing the pond; Prepare other breed pond according to step (1), directly transfer to another one to hippocampus, sea cucumber then and culture in the pond; Water salinity, temperature constant in the transfer process.
3. according to the method for said hippocampus of claim 1 and sea cucumber mixed breed, it is characterized in that in the step (1), the addition of said benthic diatom is 1 * 10
5Individual/ml, the addition of chlorella is 1 * 10
7Individual/ml.
4. according to the method for said hippocampus of claim 1 and sea cucumber mixed breed, it is characterized in that in the step (2), said halogen worm is 0.21 ± 0.04 cm, copepoda is 0.12 ± 0.02 cm.
5. according to the method for said hippocampus of claim 3 and sea cucumber mixed breed, it is characterized in that said halogen worm with high unsaturated fatty acid reinforcement 5 hours, copepoda was strengthened 2 ~ 5 days with chlorella.
6. according to the method for said hippocampus of claim 1 and sea cucumber mixed breed, it is characterized in that in the step (3), said sea cucumber seedling is 50g, addition is 14 ~ 17/square metre.
7. according to the method for said hippocampus of claim 1 and sea cucumber mixed breed, it is characterized in that as culturing ground then culturing time is in the 4 ~ May in October to the second then year in south.
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103999807A (en) * | 2014-05-07 | 2014-08-27 | 中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所 | Method for promoting growth of grey hippocampus by reducing salinity |
| CN104431506A (en) * | 2014-11-28 | 2015-03-25 | 中国科学院南海海洋研究所 | Method for preparing frozen sea horse feed |
| WO2015172268A1 (en) * | 2014-05-12 | 2015-11-19 | 福建港德水产有限公司 | Method for mixed culture of hippocampus, abalone and gracilaria |
| CN105191845A (en) * | 2015-11-10 | 2015-12-30 | 青岛清源海洋生物科技有限公司 | Three-dimensional ecological mixed culture method for sea cucumbers and sea horses |
| CN112352710A (en) * | 2020-10-10 | 2021-02-12 | 中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所 | Large-scale Hippocampus japonicus breeding method in high-temperature season |
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| CN101946722A (en) * | 2010-08-06 | 2011-01-19 | 中国科学院南海海洋研究所 | Culture facility for mixed culture of fishes and sea cucumbers and use method thereof |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103999807A (en) * | 2014-05-07 | 2014-08-27 | 中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所 | Method for promoting growth of grey hippocampus by reducing salinity |
| WO2015172268A1 (en) * | 2014-05-12 | 2015-11-19 | 福建港德水产有限公司 | Method for mixed culture of hippocampus, abalone and gracilaria |
| CN104431506A (en) * | 2014-11-28 | 2015-03-25 | 中国科学院南海海洋研究所 | Method for preparing frozen sea horse feed |
| CN105191845A (en) * | 2015-11-10 | 2015-12-30 | 青岛清源海洋生物科技有限公司 | Three-dimensional ecological mixed culture method for sea cucumbers and sea horses |
| CN112352710A (en) * | 2020-10-10 | 2021-02-12 | 中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所 | Large-scale Hippocampus japonicus breeding method in high-temperature season |
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Application publication date: 20120912 |