CN102754610B - Method for improving hippocampus kelloggi fry cultivating rate - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for improving a hippocampus kelloggi fry cultivating rate. The method for improving the hippocampus kelloggi fry cultivating rate is characterized in that nutrition is fortified on main animal bait for hippocampus- Artemia by using an unsaturated fatty acid emulsifier and microalgae so as to compensate unbalance of the trophic structure of the bait, in particular to increased and balance the content of the unsaturated fatty acid. After the bait is fortified based on the method, the bait is continuously fed to a young hippocampus, thereby significantly improving the bait feeding rate of the hippocampus; and by soaking and cleaning the fortified bait, and the survival rate and the growth rate of the corresponding hippocampus are significantly increased.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to animal-breeding technical field, be specifically related to a kind of method that strain line hippocampus seedling is formed rate that improves.
Background technology
Higher unsaturated fatty acid is the essential nutriment that seawater larvae juvenile fish grows, and can effectively improve fish body immunity, guarantees normal growth growth.Conventional larvae juvenile fish food organisms comprise that the n-3 unsaturated fatty acids such as DHA of wheel animalcule, halogen worm self cannot meet the demand of fish bulk-growth, must be by fortification food organisms to meet fish body nutritional need.Copepoda is (middle-size and small-size, as Calanus sinicus) be the relatively high biological feed of a class unsaturated fatty acid content, but its grain diameter size within the scope of 1-3mm, can not meet the bait demand of birth young hippocampus (bait <1mm) and above hippocampus of 1 monthly age (bait >3mm) substantially.Wheel animalcule (0.1-0.5mm) and halogen worm (1-10mm) the hippocampus bait that is still absolutely necessary.Fortification technology can effectively improve the unsaturated fatty acid content of food organisms, and then promotes the healthy growth of larvae juvenile fish.And this technology is even widely used and has obtained good result in shrimp crayfish culture industry fish such as turbot, large yellow Crocker; Therefore, hippocampus food nutrition reinforcement technique must meet the specific nutrition demand of hippocampus juvenile fish.
Meanwhile, when bait provides nutrient energy for hippocampus, be also the important sources of hippocampus disease.On the one hand the self-contained germ of food organisms can directly cause hippocampus disease (especially enteritis disease etc.), the subsidiary organic debris of food organisms or dead individual on the other hand, food organisms body surface after fortification adheres to a large number of nutrients, very easily causes that water quality degenerates.Therefore, animal bait being carried out reasonably processing before throwing something and feeding is the important guarantee that reduces hippocampus disease, maintains healthy water quality.
Australia scholar Payne does not support to utilize the fairy shrimp of strengthening after (Super Selco) as hippocampus bait, because its unsaturated fatty acid content is unstable, and component ratio (DHA:EPA) is unreasonable.But Wong etc. point out nutrition fortifier (DC Selco
) can effectively improve the growth rate of hippocampus.The people's such as Lin Qiang research all shows that strengthening process can obviously improve and has hippocampus survival rate and growth rate.But although Spain, New Zealand, Australia and the country such as Brazilian all generally carry out strengthening in various degree to hippocampus bait in hippocampus breeding process, due to the difference of intensifying method, the growth of its young hippocampus and survival rate difference are very large.We assess discovery to the trophic structure of the animal bait after strengthening: the unsaturated fatty acid key component ratio (DHA:EPA) of the animal bait after distinct methods strengthening is different, and the stability of the trophic structure of bait own also differs greatly.The intensifying method of this explanation animal bait is very large to the stability influence of itself trophic structure, only has rational method of operating could effectively optimize food nutrition and then promotes hippocampus healthy growth.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to for effectively, optimizing animal bait endotrophic structure stably, reduce hippocampus disease and the water quality that food organisms cause degenerates simultaneously, this patent has been invented fairy shrimp fortification and the polypide cleaning technique of a cover system, the key of this technology is rationally to control hardening agent concentration, time and food density, fairy shrimp is reasonably strengthened in the nutrition of living, and then clean bait by washing and dipping method, and the ratio of throwing something and feeding between reasonably combined different animals bait, the final efficient healthy growth of young hippocampus that guarantees, promote hippocampus and cultivate extensive industrialization.
Above-mentioned purpose of the present invention is achieved by the following technical programs:
(1) fairy shrimp hatching: fairy shrimp hatching adopts professional fairy shrimp hatching pail, the circular tubbiness that incubator is made with lucite or plastics, bottom is infundibulate, surrounding bucket wall lucifuge, bottom printing opacity.Fresh water is invaded to the brine shrimp eggs of bubble after 40-60 minute and according to the density of 2-3 grams per liter, put into the seawater China of 25 ‰ salinity, hatching water temperature is controlled at 27 ℃, inflation, 2000lux illumination.The fairy shrimp time of hatching is generally 24 hours, collects larva and adds 50ppm formaldehyde to carry out disinfection to brine shrimp eggs in first 1 hour.Utilize fairy shrimp phototaxis to collect.
(2) fairy shrimp strengthening: adopt bait hardening agent (Super Selco) to coordinate and carry out secondary hardening with micro-algae (chlorella).Concrete steps are: Super Selco 0.06g/l, chlorella concentration is 1 * 10
7individual/ml, inflation is to guarantee that dissolved oxygen is not less than 5mg/L, salinity 28-35 ‰, fairy shrimp density 50,000-100,000/L, enhanced time is 24 hours.
(3) fairy shrimp is formed: salinity: it is more high better to be no more than under 150 ‰ prerequisite; Temperature: 20-28 ℃; PH:7.9-8.5; Density: 1000 nauplius/L; Cultivating micro-algae keeps culturing pool transparency lower than 30cm; The depth of water: 50-80 cm, cycle water, changes water 1/5 every day.Bait feeding rice bran, dusty yeast and prawn slice powder, particle diameter is less than 50 μ m, and 10,000 worm daily ration, feeding quantities every day are 0.5-1.0 g, and 8 age in days fairy shrimps can grow to 8mm.
(4) bait cleans: to fairy shrimp adult, adopt the furacilin solution of 5-8ppm to soak 60 minutes, freshwater soaking 5 minutes, finally utilizes fresh water to rinse 3 times.
(5) mode of throwing something and feeding: 1>. 1-3 age in days children hippocampus: mix and throw something and feed with fairy shrimp nauplius, wheel animalcule and the copepoda of just hatching, can divide every day and throw something and feed for 2-4 time, the wheel animalcule density of throwing something and feeding remains on 5-10/milliliter for first 5 days, keeping copepoda and fairy shrimp nauplius density is 1-5/ml, and copepoda and fairy shrimp ratio are 1:1.
2>. 4-10 age in days children hippocampus: wheel animalcule density is reduced to 0 gradually, copepoda and the fairy shrimp nauplius mode of throwing something and feeding are (the 07:00 that throws something and feeds every day twice, 15:00), the principle of throwing something and feeding is that in pond on daytime, bait is sufficient, avoids remaining night too much bait as far as possible.Copepoda density is reduced to 0 gradually.
The above young hippocampus of 3>. 10 ages in days: use fairy shrimp as hippocampus bait completely, be satiated with food every day and throw something and feed 3 times.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has following beneficial effect:
(1) a large amount of utilizations of the inventive method are easily cultivated, fairy shrimp can reduce cost and the technical difficulty of young hippocampus cultivation greatly as young hippocampus bait cheaply, reduction is because of hippocampus disease rate malnutritive and that bait pollution causes, thereby can guarantee that young hippocampus has higher survival rate and growth rate.
(2) the inventive method improves rapidly the content of unsaturated fatty acid in bait, and the ratio between balance Different Nutrition composition reduces bait and collects difficulty, reduces hippocampus cultivation labor cost; In first 2 months, strain line hippocampus seedling percent and growth rate can maintain higher level, are respectively 80% and growth rate 1.03 mm/d.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, further explain the present invention, but embodiment does not limit in any form to the present invention.
experimental group
On April 20th, 2010, between July 20, E1, E2 and E3 strain line hippocampus seedling be 200 tails respectively, and breeding process carries out according to this specification abovementioned steps:
Fairy shrimp hatches, forms, and wheel animalcule is cultivated and utilizes rice bran and chlorella.Strengthening employing bait hardening agent (Super Selco, the tall and handsome INVE of company of Thailand (Thailand) Ltd.) and micro-algae (chlorella,
chlorella vulgaris Beij) coordinate and carry out secondary hardening.Design parameter is: temperature: 22-28 ℃; PH:7.9-8.5; Super Selco 0.6g/L, chlorella concentration is 1 * 10
7individual/mL, evenly inflates to guarantee that dissolved oxygen is not less than 5mg/L, fairy shrimp density 50, and 000-100,000/L, salinity 150 ‰, enhanced time is 24 hours, wheel animalcule density 500,000-1000,000/L, salinity is 30 ‰, enhanced time is 12 hours.To fairy shrimp adult, adopt the furacilin solution of 5-8ppm to soak 60 minutes, freshwater soaking 5 minutes, finally utilizes fresh water to rinse 3 times.
The mode of throwing something and feeding:
1>. 1-3 age in days children hippocampus: every bu is thrown something and fed for 3 times, the wheel animalcule density of throwing something and feeding remains on 5～10/milliliter in first 5 days, keep copepoda and fairy shrimp nauplius density be 1-5 individual/mL, copepoda and fairy shrimp ratio are 1:1.
2>. 4-10 age in days children hippocampus: wheel animalcule density is reduced to 0 gradually, copepoda and the fairy shrimp nauplius mode of throwing something and feeding are (the 07:00 that throws something and feeds every day twice, 15:00), the principle of throwing something and feeding is that in pond on daytime, bait is sufficient, avoids remaining night too much bait as far as possible.Copepoda density is reduced to 0 gradually.
The above young hippocampus of 3>. 10 ages in days: use fairy shrimp as hippocampus bait completely, be satiated with food every day and throw something and feed 3 times.
control group A
On April 20th, 2010, between July 20, A1, A2 and A3 strain line hippocampus seedling be 200 tails respectively, and cultivating condition is consistent with experimental group.In breeding process, do not use bait hardening agent (Super Selco, the tall and handsome INVE of company of Thailand (Thailand) Ltd.) to carry out fortification to fairy shrimp, only with after chlorella strengthening, (concentration is 5 * 10
7individual/mL) fairy shrimp and wheel animalcule are thrown something and fed, and other intensified conditions are consistent with experimental group.Bait cleaning way is consistent with the mode of throwing something and feeding and experimental group.
control group B
On April 20th, 2010 between July 20, each 200 tails of B1, B2 and B3 strain line hippocampus seedling, breeding process is consistent with experimental group with bait schedule of reinforcement, all uses bait hardening agent (Super Selco, the tall and handsome INVE of company of Thailand (Thailand) Ltd.) with micro-algae (chlorella
chlorella vulgaris Beij) coordinate and carry out secondary hardening.But bait does not pass through dipping and freshwater soaking, collect after fairy shrimp, with fresh water, rinse 3 times.The mode of throwing something and feeding is consistent with experimental group.
control group C
On April 20th, 2010 between July 20, each 200 tails of C1, C2 and C3 strain line hippocampus seedling, cultivating condition is consistent with experimental group, but in breeding process, fairy shrimp and wheel animalcule are not strengthened, cultured bait does not pass through the processes such as fresh water flushing yet, but directly bait is put in young hippocampus culturing pool, and the mode of throwing something and feeding is consistent with experimental group.
Experimental result:
Experimental group: strain line hippocampus children hippocampus 90 age in days survival rates are 85 ± 14 %, and body weight is 1.74 ± ± 0.52 g, and body length is 6.71 ± 1.10 cm.
Control group A: the survival rate of hippocampus seedling in 90 days is 55 ± 9.1%, body weight is 1.54 ± 0.93 g, body length is 6.35 ± 1.52 cm.
Control group B: the survival rate of hippocampus seedling in 90 days is 68 ± 7.7%, body weight is 1.61 ± 0.26 g, body length is 6.53 ± 1.76 cm.
Control group C: the survival rate of hippocampus seedling in 90 days is 32 ± 8.5%, body weight is 1.41 ± 0.44 g, body length is 6.12 ± 1.22 cm.
conclusion
More than comprehensive, experiment shows, the art of this patent, by fairy shrimp is carried out to effective, stable fortification, is then carried out soaking and washing to bait, can improve significantly growth and the survival rate of strain line hippocampus seedling.
Claims (1)
1. one kind is improved the method that strain line hippocampus seedling is formed rate, it is characterized in that described method comprises the steps: the hatching of (1) fairy shrimp: fairy shrimp hatching adopts fairy shrimp hatching pail, the circular tubbiness that incubator is made with lucite or plastics, bottom is infundibulate, surrounding bucket wall lucifuge, bottom printing opacity; Fresh water is invaded to the brine shrimp eggs of bubble after 40 ~ 60 minutes and according to the density of 2 ~ 3 grams per liters, put into the seawater of 25 ‰ salinity, hatching water temperature is controlled at 27 ℃, inflation, 2000lux illumination; The fairy shrimp time of hatching is 24 hours, collects larva and adds 50ppm formaldehyde to carry out disinfection to brine shrimp eggs in first 1 hour; Utilize fairy shrimp phototaxis to collect;
(2) fairy shrimp strengthening: adopt bait hardening agent to coordinate with chlorella and carry out secondary hardening, concrete steps are: bait hardening agent 0.06g/L, chlorella concentration is 1 * 107/ml, inflation is not less than 5mg/L to guarantee dissolved oxygen, salinity 28 ~ 35 ‰, fairy shrimp density 50,000 ~ 100,000/L, enhanced time is 24 hours;
(3) fairy shrimp is formed: salinity is no more than 150 ‰; Temperature: 20 ~ 28 ℃; PH:7.9 ~ 8.5; Density: 1000 nauplius/L; Cultivating micro-algae keeps culturing pool transparency lower than 30cm; The depth of water: 50 ~ 80cm, cycle water, changes water 1/5 every day; Bait feeding rice bran, dusty yeast and prawn slice powder, particle diameter is less than 50 μ m, and 10,000 worm daily ration, feeding quantities every day are 0.5 ~ 1.0g, and 8 age in days fairy shrimps can grow to 8mm;
(4) bait cleans: to fairy shrimp adult, adopt the furacilin solution of 5 ~ 8ppm to soak 60 minutes, freshwater soaking 5 minutes, finally utilizes fresh water to rinse 3 times;
(5) mode of throwing something and feeding: 1 ~ 3 age in days children hippocampus: mix and throw something and feed with fairy shrimp nauplius, wheel animalcule and the copepoda of just hatching, can divide every day and throw something and feed for 2 ~ 4 times, the wheel animalcule density of throwing something and feeding remains on 5 ~ 10/milliliter in first 5 days, keeping copepoda and fairy shrimp nauplius density is 1 ~ 5/ml, and copepoda and fairy shrimp ratio are 1:1; 4 ~ 10 age in days children hippocampus: wheel animalcule density is reduced to 0 gradually, and copepoda and the fairy shrimp nauplius mode of throwing something and feeding are to throw something and feed twice every day, and the principle of throwing something and feeding is that in pond on daytime, bait is sufficient, avoids remaining night too much bait; Copepoda density is reduced to 0 gradually; The above young hippocampus of 10 ages in days: use fairy shrimp as hippocampus bait completely, be satiated with food every day and throw something and feed 3 times.
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| CN104431506A (en) * | 2014-11-28 | 2015-03-25 | 中国科学院南海海洋研究所 | Method for preparing frozen sea horse feed |
| CN104585537A (en) * | 2015-01-13 | 2015-05-06 | 青岛市蓝色海洋科学研究院 | Bait for hippocampus kelloggi, and preparation method of bait |
| CN104642228B (en) * | 2015-03-09 | 2017-05-24 | 中国科学院南海海洋研究所 | Breeding method for rapid growth strain of Hippocampus kelloggi |
| CN105028276A (en) * | 2015-07-09 | 2015-11-11 | 中国科学院南海海洋研究所 | Crossbreeding method of hippocampus kelloggi and hippocampus trimaculatus |
| CN105028275B (en) * | 2015-07-09 | 2017-11-28 | 中国科学院南海海洋研究所 | A kind of aliphatic acid compensation method of hippocampus seedling |
| CN105724828B (en) * | 2016-02-23 | 2017-11-28 | 北海利洋苗种繁育有限公司 | A kind of fortification production method of fairy shrimp nauplius |
| CN106069894B (en) * | 2016-06-13 | 2019-07-02 | 广东海洋大学 | A method of improving Hippocampus Kuda artificial breeding survival rate |
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| CN107484683A (en) * | 2017-08-29 | 2017-12-19 | 天津农学院 | The method of northern area kind hippocampus overwintering culture a kind of and kind hippocampus survive the winter RAS systems |
| CN107439428A (en) * | 2017-09-04 | 2017-12-08 | 天津农学院 | A kind of selection of strain line hippocampus high yield family |
| CN108739543A (en) * | 2018-06-19 | 2018-11-06 | 天津农学院 | A kind of acclimation method improving the Bohai Offshore hippocampus seed enhancement releasing rate of recapture |
| CN109699533A (en) * | 2019-02-26 | 2019-05-03 | 南通龙洋水产有限公司 | A kind of live bait feeding method improving dragon design spot spray seedling survival rate |
| CN112219765A (en) * | 2020-10-13 | 2021-01-15 | 广东海洋大学 | Fry bait biological purification and nutrition enhancement device and method |
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