CN104755388A - 具有发泡聚合物层的窃启显示拉片式密封件 - Google Patents

具有发泡聚合物层的窃启显示拉片式密封件 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN104755388A
CN104755388A CN201380046274.8A CN201380046274A CN104755388A CN 104755388 A CN104755388 A CN 104755388A CN 201380046274 A CN201380046274 A CN 201380046274A CN 104755388 A CN104755388 A CN 104755388A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
layer
lower lamination
bonded
piece
pulling
Prior art date
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Granted
Application number
CN201380046274.8A
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English (en)
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CN104755388B (zh
Inventor
罗伯特·威廉·托斯滕森·沃尔
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Sai Lige Sealed Product Co
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Sai Lige Sealed Product Co
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Publication of CN104755388A publication Critical patent/CN104755388A/zh
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    • B65D17/00—Rigid or semi-rigid containers specially constructed to be opened by cutting or piercing, or by tearing of frangible members or portions
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    • B65D17/401—Rigid or semi-rigid containers specially constructed to be opened by cutting or piercing, or by tearing of frangible members or portions at lines or points of weakness characterised by having the line of weakness provided in an end wall
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Abstract

一种用于容器的拉片密封件，其提供了位于密封件之内的发泡聚合物层，用于对容器的有效热密封，并连同能够撕裂的在拉片下方的下叠层以在拉片下方提供窃启显示构造。

Description

具有发泡聚合物层的窃启显示拉片式密封件
技术领域
本公开涉及一种用于封闭容器口的拉片密封件，更具体地，涉及一种窃启显示拉片密封件。
背景技术
经常需要使用密封件来密封的瓶子、罐子或其它容器的开口，以保鲜和/或指示该容器是否已被窃启。密封件通常包括拉片，以帮助消费者从容器移除密封件。在使用时，用户需要获得容器中的内容物时，简单地用他们的手指抓持拉片，并通过拉动拉片就可以以相对便利的方式移除密封件并获得容器的内容物。这种密封件的一个例子在美国专利US 6,866,926中描述。这种密封件具有放置在下密封叠层上方的铰接型拉片。这些现有密封件的下密封叠层一般包括可热密封层，用于粘结至容器边缘；金属箔层，用于产生热量；以及发泡隔热层，在箔层上方并与其邻接，用于将热量保持在密封的下部以激活所述热密封层。
发泡隔热层处在拉片下的下密封叠层中是有益的，因为其尺寸与所述箔相近，有助于隔热并保护上层和拉片在热密封过程中因密封件受热而造成损坏或熔融。特别是，发泡体有助于保护将拉片固定到下密封叠层的粘结层。通常，粘结层具有较低的熔融点，当一个最终用户将密封件加热固定到容器上时，使得它易于在现场使用时熔化。如果粘结层熔化，它会渗出或流出密封件，并导致铰接型拉片的自由端被粘结到下密封叠层。这就是所谓的拉片封死，是不希望发生的。在某些情况下，终端用户往往会过度加热密封件，以确保形成良好的热密封。所述粘结层下方的发泡隔热有助于保护该粘结层不会过热。现有密封件中的发泡隔热层也有助于将热量保持在密封件的下层中，以实现对密封的拉片侧和非拉片侧之间的容器边缘均匀的热密封。
但是，以这种方式构造的密封件在用户对拉片施加移除力时下密封叠层撕裂处通常不具有窃启指示功能。在具有足够厚度的下密封叠层中使用发泡隔热层来赋予热密封隔热和热量保持的能力，一般无法在移除密封件时方便地撕裂下密封叠层。为达到隔热和热量保持所需发泡体的厚度导致了具有相对较高内部抗撕强度的叠层。因此，使用这些现有的隔热和拉片式密封件时，当用户拉动拉片，这样的密封件整体从容器分离，通常不会在容器开口的嘴部的另一端留下任何实质的部分以用于窃启显示。
为了使这种拉片式密封件正确地实现通过使用拉片从容器上将其移除，形成拉片的构造通常需要保持粘结到下密封叠层，并且拉片需要保持为一整件。因此，这些拉片式密封件的正常作用通常依赖于形成拉片的层的撕裂强度以及拉片与下密封叠层的粘结强度。从历史上看，改变拉片材料或缩小形成拉片的多个层的厚度尺寸(即，使其更薄)或将拉片用粘结剂粘结至下密封叠层，导致了不希望发生的拉片分裂或在施加移除力至拉片时的撕裂。撕裂拉片或从下密封叠层分裂拉片是不希望发生的，因为它没有正确地造成密封件的移除。
附图说明
图1是一个示例性的密封件的横截面图；
图2是一个示例性的密封件的横截面图；
图3是一个示例性的密封件的透视图；及
图4是一个示例性的密封件的横截面图，显示在对拉片施加移除力时的密封件的分裂或撕裂。
具体说明
本发明描述了一种用于容器的拉片密封件，其结合了用于有效热密封的隔热层以及位于拉片下方可以撕裂以提供窃启显示构造的下叠层这两个优势。为简单起见，本公开一般是指容器或瓶子，但密封件可以被应用于任何类型的容器、瓶子、包裹或在进入内部空腔的开口周围具有边缘或嘴部的其他装置。
一方面，本发明所述的密封件包括在上叠层部分中的拉片或抓持片，其完全限定在密封件的周边之内，密封件与放置在密封件内的隔热层结合，有效地提供了双重优势：热密封时的隔热以及在用户对拉片施加移除力时密封件的下叠层撕裂。在一种方式中，隔热层是拉片的一部分，并位于任何将拉片固定至下叠层的粘结层的上方。以这种方式，在移除密封件后，密封件的一个部分与拉片一起移除，而密封件的下叠层的另一部分仍旧粘结在容器的边缘。在拉片和密封件移除后遗留在容器上的部分提供窃启显示表明容器被使用过。
另一方面，本发明的密封件包括带有热密封层的下叠层，例如粘结到可热密封层的至少一个薄膜层。薄膜层和可热密封层能有效热密封到容器边缘上，例如通过感应、传导、或其它加热方式，并设置成熔合粘结到容器边缘。在一些方式中，下叠层部分是没有或缺少任何发泡聚合物、隔热层、聚酯，或其它高强度的层的，所述层将使得下叠层在移除密封时不能被撕开或撕裂。
又一方面，密封件限定了上叠层，上叠层至少部分地粘结到下叠层以形成完全在密封件周长和/或下叠层周长内的抓持片。通过一种方式，上叠层和抓持片包括至少隔热层、一个或更多个聚合物支撑层、以及形成上叠层与下叠层之间的部分粘结的粘结层。在一些方式中，所述粘结层是一种热激活粘结层。
又一方面，为了实现隔热、拉片强度、和下叠层的撕裂的益处，拉片和/或上叠层具有约50至约70％的隔热层(基于厚度)的构造，并结合了支撑和粘结层厚度相对上叠层和/或抓持片的总厚度的有效比率，以便最小化总的拉片厚度而最大化下层的强度和对下层的粘结。同时，拉片设置为用来最小化并降低粘结层的熔化和渗出，虽然粘结层位于所述隔热层与下叠层的热密封层之间。如果粘结层在热密封时熔化，它可能从封口处渗出并引起不希望发生的拉片粘结到下叠层(即，拉片封死)或密封件粘结到盖子或其它封闭件的情况。本发明的密封件减少或避免了这种情况。本发明公开的密封件还能够使用厚度缩小的或更薄的层，而这在现有的密封件中并未发现可能做到，部分原因是本文所述的拉片之中层厚度的有效比率。
拉片式密封的这种功能甚至在当隔热层被放置在拉片中并与热密封层隔开一个或更多个中间层，在一些情况下，三个中间层时还被保持。一个中间层，如上所述，甚至可以是将拉片保持在下叠层的粘结层。在某些情况下，隔热层可以与薄膜层(和热密封层)间隔约1至约5密耳，并且即使以这样的间距隔开，本文的所述密封件仍然有效地提供隔热并为热密封层保持足够的热量以提供均匀的热密封。隔热层和热密封层之间留出间隔，如果拉片超出本文的厚度参数之外，那么拉片和密封件可能提供无法令人满意的热密封、移除特性、以及拉片封死。
在本公开中，提及上、下表面和所述密封件的部件的层指的是在附图中大致所示的部件的取向且当密封件与直立位置使用的并在容器顶部具有开口的容器一起使用。密封件的不同的方式将首先描述，然后各种构造和材料的更多特定细节将随后阐述。应当理解，本发明所述的密封件会在单件式或两件式密封件的两种设置下作用。单件式密封件通常包括仅仅粘结到容器边缘的密封件。盖子或封闭件也可以与其一起使用。两件式密封件包括暂时粘结到衬垫的密封件。在这种构造中，密封件被粘结到容器的边缘，而衬垫被设置成在加热时从密封件分离并被保留在盖或其他用在容器上的封闭件中。在两件式构造中，例如，蜡层可被用来将密封件暂时粘结到衬垫。也可以使用其它类型的可剥离层以提供密封件和衬垫之间的临时粘结。
现更详细的描述，并大致如图1-4所示，提供了一种叠层形式的窃启显示拉片式密封件，所述叠层由柔性片材料形成的具有用于粘结至容器边缘的下叠层部分，以及形成完全限定在密封件的周边之内的抓持片的上叠层部分组成。在使用时，通过拉动，用户可以向上枢转拉片(即，图2-3)，并使用拉片来移除密封件以撕裂下叠层部分以打开进入所述容器的内部的开口，同时将横跨容器边缘的下叠层的一个或更多个部分留下以作为窃启显示(即，图4)。应当理解，在图1-4中所示的各个层未按比率绘制。还应该理解的是，除非另外指出，如本文所用的百分比和份数按重量计。
至少在某些方式中，本发明的密封部件的下叠层包括可热密封层，用于粘结至容器边缘。在可热密封层的上方或顶部是薄膜，或在某些情况下，是感应加热层。可热密封层可包括热熔粘结剂，用于将密封件通过热密封或感应密封装置粘结或固定至容器边缘，其加热所述薄膜层并熔化可热密封层以将密封件粘结至密封件边缘。为形成窃启显示功能，热密封可以被设置为形成一个到容器边缘的熔合，使得在移除拉片时，下叠层撕裂并留下其一部分粘结到容器边缘。
在一种方式中，且大致如图1-3所示，拉片式密封件10可包括形成拉片结构14的上叠层12和下密封叠层16，下密封叠层16可以被粘结或熔接到容器的边缘。下密封叠层16可以是叠层或多层片材，在一种方式中，其包括拉片结构14下方的顶层18和下可热密封层20，其在感应密封或其他热密封过程中有效地将密封件固定或熔接到容器上边缘。在一种方式中，下叠层16包括顶层18，顶层18作为薄膜或感应加热层，位于下可热密封层20的上表面上方并通过粘结层22粘结到下可热密封层20的上表面。
在其它的方式中，下密封叠层16根据对于特定应用的需要而包括其它层，但通常没有或缺少高强度和/或隔热层，例如聚酯、高强度聚合物、发泡聚合物、其它隔热材料，以及类似物。例如，在某些方式中，下密封叠层16通常没有或缺少具有约1克/毫升或更高的密度的聚合物和其它高强度的塑料膜。在另一些情况下，下叠层通常没有或缺少厚度大于2密耳的材料。在又一些情况下，下叠层16通常没有或缺少具有小于约0.9克/毫升的密度的发泡聚合物和其它隔热层，而且在一些方式中，没有厚度为约3至约10密耳或更厚的发泡聚合物、其它的隔热层、以及类似物等，那些会使得下叠层在密封件移除期间施加正常的移除力时无法撕裂。
上叠层12包括的拉片结构14，也可以是叠层或多层片材，其限定或包括了拉片结构14的拉片或自由片30(例如，参见图2)。通过一种方式，所述自由片30完全形成在密封件10或下密封叠层16的周界或周边之内，大致如图2和3所示，其描绘了拉片30向上枢转。在这种方式中，上叠层12也可以包括第一、可选的聚合物支撑层32，其位于下密封叠层16的上层18的上方，并通过粘结剂或粘结层34至少部分地粘结至下密封叠层16的上层18。如下所述，拉片结构还可以包括拉片把手36，其被粘结到第一聚合物支撑层32，而非粘结到下密封叠层16，以形成拉片30。上叠层12还可以包括处在隔热层40的上表面之上的第二或上聚合物支撑层42。支撑层32和42可以是非发泡聚合物。隔热层40可以通过薄粘结剂层(在图中未示出)粘结至支撑层32和/或42，例如约0.2至约0.5(或更小)密耳的粘结剂如2-组分聚氨酯粘结剂。
上叠层12和，特别地，其拉片结构14包括隔热层40。通过一种方式，隔热层40被夹在可选的第一聚合物支撑层32和第二或上聚合物支撑层42之间，以形成拉片30。如下面进一步描述的，上叠层12和/或拉片结构14具有这样的构造，其能有效地减少其厚度，但还保持必要的对下叠层16的适当粘结，来实现其在从容器移除密封件时的撕裂。应该理解的是，根据对于特定应用的需要，上叠层12还可以包括其它聚合物层。层32，40和42的夹层可以有效地支撑并提供在隔热层40的两侧均衡刚度，以最小化和防止其卷曲，特别是在热密封过程中受热时。
拉片结构14经由拉片把手36限定拉片30，拉片把手36的延伸仅部分跨越密封件的表面。更具体地，拉片把手36是沿着并横跨部分下叠层16的长度的局部层。拉片把手36形成拉片30，因为它经由粘结层34粘结到第一聚合物层32(或隔热层40)，并防止层32(或层40)穿过下密封叠层的至少一部分粘附到所述下密封叠层16的上表面22,大致如图2所示。也就是说，拉片把手36的顶面由粘结层34粘附至第一支撑层32(或隔热层40)的下部。拉片把手36的底表面相邻于，但不粘结至，顶层18或下叠层16的上表面22，以形成拉片30。但是拉片把手36的相对尺寸没有特别的限制，在某些情况下，拉片把手36完全位于密封件10和/或下叠层16和的周界或周边26之内，典型地，拉片把手36占据密封件10的表面面积的大约25％到大约50％。在一个方面中，拉片把手36是由聚酯制成，如聚对苯二甲酸乙酯(PET)，或由纸制成。通过一个可选的方式，拉片把手36的下表面可以涂敷有剥离材料，例如硅树脂。可选剥离涂层降低了拉片把手36在热密封或感应热密封过程附着到下叠层16的上表面22上的可能性。但是，这种剥离涂层通常是非必要的。至少如图2所示，拉片把手36允许拉片结构14向上沿着边界线24枢轴转动或铰链转动，以形成拉片30。通过这种方式，拉片把手36以及形成的拉片30被全部限定在拉片30的底面的周界或周边26之内。
暂时转到图4，显示了密封件10受到由用户从容器的边缘100向上拉动拉片30而施加移除力到拉片30。这里，密封件10(并且具体地，其下叠层16)在拉动拉片30时，横跨其主表面撕裂或剥去。通过一种方式，撕裂横跨了整个下密封叠层16的主表面，使得所述热密封层20、粘结剂层22和薄膜层18撕裂成两个部分：一个粘附部分110和一个可移除部分112。在使用时，粘附部分110保持粘结到容器的边缘100，而可移除部分112被完全或至少部分地从容器的边缘100移除，因为它仍然粘结到上叠层部分12和拉片30。但是撕裂可能发生在邻近边界24，大致如图4所示，它也可能发生在横跨密封件10的主表面上的其他位置，这取决于移除力的程度和方向。粘附部分110也可以是一个或更多个分开的部分。下叠层16的在拉片30被拉动时的撕裂能力，至少部分，是由于下叠层16是没有或缺少高强度聚合物和发泡聚合物(如上所述)以及形成到容器100的熔合的热密封层20。
根据一种方式，下叠层16的撕裂或破裂强度、上叠层12到下叠层16的粘结强度，以及到容器100的粘结强度被选择成使得所述下叠层16在热密封层20(或下叠层16的其它层)的远端部分114从容器的边缘100分开之前首先撕裂。一旦下叠层16撕裂，由上叠层12和下叠层16之间的粘结层34形成的粘结有足够的强度来维持各层在一起(在可移除部分112中)。然后，在拉片30上持续施加一个向上的移除力，密封件10的剩余部分(即，可移除部分112)绕所述容器的边缘100依次地分离，而其上层12和拉片结构14不会从其下叠层16或剩余部分112分离。换句话说，在某些方式中，下叠层16的撕裂强度或抗撕裂强度小于热密封件20到容器100的粘结强度，而这两者都小于上叠层12到下叠层16的粘结强度(以及上叠层12的撕裂强度或抗撕裂强度)。
为了达成上述的多种功能，上叠层12包括隔热层40(且下叠层16是缺少或没有如上所讨论的这样的层的)，而上叠层12还具有最小化的总厚度，其包括至多约50％至约70％其厚度为隔热层40。此外，上叠层12(和其拉片)的总厚度相对于一个或更多支撑层32和42以及粘结层34的总厚度的比率是选择过的，这个比率使得上叠层能有效地实现提供隔热并在尽可能薄的结构中在被移除时保持粘结至下叠层16上。如本发明所用的，上叠层12(和其拉片)的总厚度是排除了任何将各个上叠层粘结在一起的可选粘结剂层的，并且在一些方式中，也排除了有助形成拉片的拉片把手。
由于隔热层40是在粘结层34的上方，因此，无法保护粘结层34免受于来自感应加热或其他加热密封操作的热量。隔热层40、支撑层32和42以及粘结层34比率和厚度被选择为在加热和密封操作时保持的拉片的完整性。特别是，由于粘结层34可以是热激活的粘结层，在整个密封构造将隔热层40放置在它上方会使粘结层40暴露于来自感应或传导加热过程的热量，并会限制叠层热量向下穿过密封件的顶部(在密封的形成中使用)，叠层热量可以用于恰当地激活并将粘结层34粘结至下叠层16。本发明所选的构造、比率和各层的体积是特别选择的，以形成一种当隔热层40如此布置于整体密封件中时可以发挥恰当的作用密封件。
在一些情况下，上叠层12和/或拉片结构14的总厚度仅为约3至约7密耳(在某些情况下，约3至约6密耳)。通过一种方式，上叠层12和/或拉片结构12的总厚度相对于一个或一个以上的聚合物支撑层34和/或42厚度的有效比率为约1:0.1至约1:0.25，当与隔热层40组合时，为拉片厚度的约50至约70％。(在其它方式中，有效的比率可以是约1:0.15至约1:0.25，并且在另一些方式中，约1:0.15至约1:0.20。)在另一种方式中，上叠层12和/或拉片结构12的总厚度相对于粘结层34的总厚度的有效比率为约1:0.15至约1:0.25，当与隔热层40组合时即为拉片总厚度的约50到约70％。如本发明所用，上叠层12、拉片结构，和/或抓持片的总厚度一般是指层42、层40、层32和层34的组合厚度，如果这些层是存在的，并排除了用于将这些层维持或粘结在一起的任何粘结剂层。
在本发明中公开的一个方面，这些比率与上叠层中的隔热层的组合有效地使得上叠层12具有最小化的构造和厚度(即使具有厚的隔热层)，以提供有效地用于将可热密封层20粘结到容器边缘的隔热，并且使得窃启指示密封件10的可移除部分112在受到施加到抓持片的移除力时保持为一整件。本发明所述的上叠层16的构造通常包括缩小厚度或比以前认为的在拉片式密封件中发泡聚合物层可能实现窃启显示的聚合物支撑层和粘结层薄的多的结构。甚至将隔热层40设置在粘结层34的上方，粘结层34能有效地以实现所需的粘结而在密封期间不渗出和流动。然而不希望受到理论的限制，相信这可能部分是由于对拉片结构14和上叠层12的层厚度的比率的选择。
现在，适合于单件式和两件式密封件的密封件基本构造如上所述，关于各层和密封件组件的进一步细节进行更详细的说明。
合适的粘结剂、热熔粘结剂、或用于可热密封层20的密封剂包括，但不限于，聚酯、聚烯烃、乙烯-乙酸乙烯酯、乙烯-丙烯酸共聚物、沙林树脂、和其它合适的材料。通过一种方式，可热密封层20可以是这些材料的约0.2至约3密耳厚的单层或多层构造。热密封层20可被设置为能够实现到容器边缘的熔合，它对实现本发明的密封件的窃启显示特征很有帮助。在一般情况下，要达到熔合所需的粘结强度可以根据封口的大小而异。通过一种方式，所述熔合的粘结强度可以大于15gpi/毫米封口直径，并且在其他方法中，可在约18到约22gpi/毫米封口直径之间(其中gpi是指克每英寸，毫米指的是封口的直径)。在其他情况下，为了实现用于窃启显示目的熔合粘结，粘结到容器的熔合可以大于约18gpi/毫米，在另一些情况下大于约20gpi/毫米，并且在其它情况下，大于约22gpi/毫米。
通过一些方式中，热密封层20被选择为具有相似于和/或包括与容器组合物相同类型的聚合物的组合物。例如，如果容器包含聚乙烯，热密封层20将包含聚乙烯。如果容器包含聚丙烯，热密封层20将包含聚丙烯。如果该容器包括聚烯烃，则热密封层将包括聚烯烃。其他类似的材料组合也是可能的。这种热密封聚合物类型和容器聚合物类型的的兼容性有助实现适合于窃启显示的熔合。在一些方式中，熔合是通过加热热密封层20至其熔点以上实现的。
通过一种方式，薄膜层18可以是被设置成为封口提供感应加热和阻隔特性的一个或更多个层。设置成提供感应加热的层是能够在暴露于感应电流时产生热量的任何层，其中层中的涡电流产生热量。通过一种方式，薄膜层可以是金属层，例如，铝箔、锡、和类似物。在其它方式中，薄膜层可以是结合了感应加热层的聚合物层。薄膜层也可以是或者包括大气阻隔层，其能够延缓气体和水分至少从外部到密闭容器内部的迁移，并且同时还提供感应加热。因此，该薄膜层可以是被设置用来提供这些功能的一个或更多个层。通过一种方式，该薄膜层是约0.3至约2密耳的金属箔，如铝箔，其能够提供感应加热和充当大气阻隔。可选地，薄膜层可用压花或表面改性以使其上含有图案或文本。在这种情况下，薄膜层上方的层可以是透明或半透明的，使得薄膜层可以透过密封件的上表面可见。
本发明所述的粘结剂层22可用的粘结剂包括，例如，乙烯醋酸乙烯酯(EVA)、聚烯烃、2-组分聚氨酯、乙烯丙烯酸共聚物、可固化的二元尿烷粘结剂、环氧粘结剂、乙烯甲基丙烯酸酯共聚物以及类似的粘结材料。其它合适的材料可包括低密度聚乙烯、乙烯-丙烯酸共聚物和乙烯甲基丙烯酸酯共聚物。通过一种方式，粘结层22可以是聚烯烃层。此外，本文的密封件的各层也可使用薄的粘结剂层根据对于特定应用的需要将相邻层固定或粘结在一起。在一般情况下，这些可选的粘结剂层未在图中示出。任何上述的粘结剂可被用于此目的，且可以是涂覆在其上的约0.3至约0.5密耳粘结剂(或更少)。
粘结层34也可以包括，例如，乙烯醋酸乙烯酯(EVA)、聚烯烃、2-组分聚氨酯、乙烯丙烯酸共聚物、可固化的二元尿烷粘结剂、环氧粘结剂、乙烯甲基丙烯酸酯共聚物和类似的粘结材料。通过一种方式，该粘结层34是热激活粘结层，例如EVA。在这样的方式中，粘结层34可以具有约45℃至约100℃的熔点(在一些方式中，约45至约80℃)。在一般情况下，EVA对于粘结层34有效是因为它的热粘结特性，使得其容易粘结到层18。如上所述，粘结层34具有相对于上叠层16的总厚度选定的厚度，以帮助实现密封功能。为此，如果粘结层34太厚时，隔热层40位于其上方，则难以达到满意的粘结(即，封口形成期间没有足够的叠层加热可以向下转移)，并且在一些情况下，可能还有太多体积或质量的EVA趋向于在加热时从封口渗出。如果粘结层34太薄，则对下叠层16的粘结强度会不足以导致拉片在移除密封时从下叠层16剥离。如果粘结层34太薄，则拉片30也没有足够的内部强度来防止撕裂。通过一种方式，粘结层34为约0.5至约1.5密耳的EVA，并且在其他方法中，为约0.5至约1.0密耳的EVA。
当隔热层40位于粘结层34的上方(而不是在粘结层和薄膜层之间)，隔热层不处在使层34(如EVA层)对在热密封期间产生的热进行隔绝的位置。因此，为粘结层34的材料选择尺寸和体积有助于实现本发明所述粘结以及减少和防止该材料的渗出和拉片封死。通过一种方式，该粘结层包括约10至约250mm3的材料，例如EVA。在其它方式中，粘结层可包括约10至约32mm3的材料，如EVA(如用30至35密耳直径的封口)，并在其它方式中，约80至约250mm3材料，如EVA(如用80至100密耳直径的封口)。材料这样的体积能有效实现所需的粘结，并在热密封期间，当隔热层40在该层的上方时，尽量减少和防止流动和渗出。
支撑层32，42和拉片把手36可以从多种合适的非发泡聚合物材料中选择。例如，聚合物材料可以在聚酯(例如聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)，聚萘二甲酸(PEN))，聚酰胺，聚丙烯，或它们的组合组成的组中选择。在一种方式中，塑料材料层32和42可以是透明的，使得下叠层16对于终端用户可以是可见的。通过另一种方式中，支撑层32和42可以由任何强耐热的片状材料形成，其可以在小厚度时保持其强度。通过一种方式，该支撑层32和42可具有约1g/ml或更多(在一些情况下，约1至约1.5克/毫升)的密度。PET是这样一种合适的材料。其它合适的材料包括PEN和尼龙。通过一种方式，每一个层32，42，以及36可以是0.3至约0.5密耳厚，在其他方式中，约0.36至约0.75密耳厚。
在一种方式中，隔热层40是任何能够提供隔热以及将薄膜层18产生的感应热保留在密封件10的下部之内的层。通过一种方式，该隔热层40是发泡聚合物层，例如聚烯烃泡沫，聚乙烯泡沫(PE)，低密度聚乙烯泡沫(LDPE)，共挤出的低密度聚乙烯，中密度聚乙烯，和或高密度聚乙烯泡沫，聚酯泡沫，聚丙烯泡沫(PP)及其各种混合物或共挤出混合物具有足够的厚度来提供隔热性能。通过另一种方式中，隔热层40可以是发泡聚乙烯泡沫。在又一种方式中，隔热层40可以是约2至约5密耳厚的聚烯烃或聚酯泡沫(而在其他方式中，约2.5至约4密耳厚)，具有约0.6至约0.9克/毫升的密度。通过另一种方式，泡沫可以是透明或半透明的，使得用户或消费者可以看到，例如，在拉片把手36下方写的或印刷的字。通过另一种方式中，包括隔热层的上叠层具有的构造使得膜层透过上叠层的上表面是可见的。应该理解的是，如上所述的层32、34、36、40和42的示例性厚度，也满足上述可以实现本发明所阐述的密封件期望功能的有效厚度百分比和比率。
密封件的各层通过叠层工艺组装形成所述层的片材，根据需要加热以激活任何热激活粘结剂或粘结层。粘结剂涂层和/或挤出叠层也可以使用。密封件10的片材可以根据需要被切割成适当尺寸的盘或其他形状，以形成容器封闭组件或拉片式密封件。切割的密封件插入盖或其它封闭件，然后盖或其他封闭件被施加到待密封容器的颈部。螺纹盖可以拧到容器开口的颈部，从而将密封件夹在容器开口的颈部和盖的顶部之间。然后应用热或感应电流或其他密封方式将形成密封部分的层的底部件密封到容器颈部。
应该理解的是，本发明中所描述和说明的细节、材料、以及工艺、衬垫、密封件、以及它们的组合的设置是为了解释产品和方法的性质，其各种变化可由本领域技术人员在所附权利要求中表明的原理和范围内实施。例如，密封件根据需要对于特定的应用可以在叠层中包括其它层。如果需要的话，也可使用在图中未示出的粘结剂层将各层固定在一起。

Claims (20)

1.一种用于对密封至容器边缘的窃启指示拉片式密封件，所述窃启指示拉片式密封件包括：
下叠层，其包括可热密封层，所述下叠层被设置成用于将所述窃启指示拉片式密封件热密封至容器边缘；
上叠层，其至少部分地粘结到所述下叠层上，以形成限定在所述下叠层的周边内的抓持片，所述上叠层包括发泡聚合物层、粘结到所述发泡聚合物层的一个或更多个聚合物支撑层、以及粘结层，所述粘结层形成所述上叠层与所述下叠层之间的所述至少部分粘结；
所述抓持片的总厚度包括约50％至约70％的发泡聚合物层；
所述抓持片总厚度相对于所述一个或更多个聚合物支撑层的厚度的比率从约1:0.1至约1:0.25，所述抓持片总厚度相对于所述粘结层的厚度的比率从约1:0.15至约1:0.25，使得所述上叠层和其所述抓持片具有的构造可以提供用于将所述可热密封层粘结到容器边缘的有效的隔热，并使得所述窃启指示拉片式密封件的至少一些部分在对所述抓持片施加移除力时保持为一整件；及
所述下叠层和所述上叠层具有的构造可以有效地使得响应施加到所述抓持片的移除力时撕裂所述下叠层，这样所述下叠层的第一部分被设置成保持粘结到容器边缘，而所述下叠层的第二部分被设置成保持粘结到所述上叠层并连同所述上叠层从所述容器边缘被移除。
2.如权利要求1所述的窃启指示密封件，其中所述下叠层没有发泡聚合物，聚合物具有大于1克/毫升的密度。
3.如权利要求1所述的窃启指示密封件，其中所述发泡聚合物层约2.5至约5密耳厚，并具有约0.6至约0.9克/毫升的密度。
4.如权利要求1所述的窃启指示密封件，其中所述发泡聚合物层为发泡聚烯烃。
5.如权利要求1所述的窃启指示密封件，其中所述一个或更多个聚合物支撑层包括粘结到所述发泡聚合物层的上表面的第一非发泡聚合物层，以及粘结到所述发泡聚合物层的下表面的第二非发泡聚合物层。
6.如权利要求5所述的窃启指示密封件，其中所述第一和第二非发泡聚合物层各自具有约1克/毫升或更大的密度。
7.如权利要求1所述的窃启指示密封件，其中所述一个或更多个聚合物支撑层是从由聚对苯二甲酸乙酯、聚萘二甲酸、聚酰胺、聚丙烯、或其组合组成的组中选出的。
8.如权利要求1所述的窃启指示密封，其中所述粘结层是从由乙烯-乙酸乙烯酯、聚烯烃、2-组分聚氨酯、乙烯丙烯酸共聚物、可固化的二元尿烷粘结剂、环氧粘结剂、以及乙烯甲基丙烯酸酯共聚物组成的组中选择的。
9.如权利要求1所述的窃启指示密封件，其中所述上叠层的撕裂强度和所述上叠层对所述下叠层的所述粘结大于所述下叠层的撕裂强度，从而当被粘结到容器边缘时，所述上叠层保持为一整件而所述下叠层在施加到所述抓持片的移除力作用下撕裂。
10.如权利要求1所述的窃启指示密封件，还包括位于所述上叠层与所述下叠层之间并在其间部分延伸的拉片把手，所述拉片把手粘结在所述上叠层但不粘结到所述下叠层以形成所述抓持片。
11.如权利要求1所述的窃启指示密封件，其中所述下叠层包括薄膜层，且包括所述发泡聚合物层的所述上叠层具有的构造允许所述薄膜层从所述上叠层的上表面是可见的。
12.如权利要求1所述的窃启指示密封件，其中所述上叠层的总厚度为约3至约7密耳，所述发泡聚合物层的厚度是约2至约5密耳。
13.如权利要求1所述的窃启指示密封件，其中所述上叠层具有约6密耳或更小的厚度，且其撕裂强度大于所述下叠层的撕裂强度，以在施加到所述抓持片的移除力的作用下造成对所述下叠层的撕裂。
14.一种用于密封到容器边缘的两件式衬垫和窃启指示密封件，所述衬垫和所述密封件包括：
带有衬垫层的上衬垫部，其下表面具有层，所述层被设置为在加热时至少部分地被所述衬垫层吸收，这样使得所述衬垫可从所述密封的剩余部分分离；
窃启指示拉片式密封部分，其具有可剥离地粘结到所述上衬垫部的上表面和被设置用于粘结到容器边缘的下表面，所述窃启指示拉片式密封部分包括：
下叠层，其包括一个可热密封层，所述下叠层被设置用于将所述窃启指示拉片式密封部分热密封至容器边缘；
上叠层，至少部分地粘结到所述下叠层，以形成限定在所述下叠层的周边内的抓持片，所述上叠层包括发泡聚合物层、一个或更多个粘结到所述发泡聚合物层的支撑层，和在所述上叠层与所述下叠层之间形成所述至少部分粘结的粘结层；
所述上叠层的总厚度包括约50％至70％的所述发泡聚合物层；
所述抓持片总厚度相对于一个或更多个聚合物支撑层的厚度的比率从约1:0.1至约1:0.25，所述抓持片总厚度相对于所述粘结层的厚度的比率从约1:0.15至约1:0.25，使得所述上叠层和其所述抓持片具有的构造可以提供用于将所述可热密封层粘结到容器边缘的有效的隔热，从而使得所述窃启指示拉片式密封部分的至少一些部分在对所述抓持片施加移除力时保持为一整件；及
所述下叠层和所述上叠层具有的构造使得可以有效地响应于施加到所述抓持片的移除力撕裂所述下叠层，这样使得所述下叠层的第一部分被设置成保持粘结到容器边缘，而所述下叠层的第二部分被设置成保持粘结到所述上叠层并连同所述上叠层从所述容器边缘被移除。
15.如权利要求14所述的衬垫和密封件，其中所述下叠层没有发泡聚合物，聚合物具有大于约1克/毫升的密度。
16.如权利要求14所述的衬垫和密封件，其中所述聚合物支撑层包括粘结到所述发泡聚合物层的上表面的第一非发泡聚合物层，以及粘结到所述发泡聚合物层的下表面的第二非发泡聚合物层。
17.如权利要求14所述的衬垫和密封件，其中所述发泡聚合物层具有约0.6至约0.9克/毫升的密度。
18.如权利要求14所述的衬垫和密封件，其中所述发泡聚合物层为发泡聚烯烃。
19.如权利要求14所述的衬垫和密封件，其中所述粘结层是从由乙烯-乙酸乙烯酯、聚烯烃、2-组分聚氨酯、乙烯丙烯酸共聚物、可固化的二元尿烷粘结剂、环氧粘结剂、以及乙烯甲基丙烯酸酯共聚物组成的组中选择的。
20.如权利要求14所述的衬垫和密封件，其中所述上叠层的撕裂强度和所述上叠层对所述下叠层的所述粘结大于所述下叠层的撕裂强度，从而当被粘结到容器边缘时，所述上叠层保持为一整件而所述下叠层在施加到所述抓持片的移除力作用下撕裂。
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CN104755388B (zh) 2017-09-22

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