CN104737758B - A kind of seed seedling-raising method of Companumoea root - Google Patents
A kind of seed seedling-raising method of Companumoea root Download PDFInfo
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- CN104737758B CN104737758B CN201510145837.XA CN201510145837A CN104737758B CN 104737758 B CN104737758 B CN 104737758B CN 201510145837 A CN201510145837 A CN 201510145837A CN 104737758 B CN104737758 B CN 104737758B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of plantation method for culturing seedlings of Companumoea root.It includes a, gathers fresh mature fruits of leopard, is placed in ventilation, Aging storage 10~15 days under shady and cool environment, takes out seed disinfection and handles, then uses plant ash aqueous solution soaking, then admixes in plant ash and wait to broadcast;B, water and fertilizer management will be carried out with the seed broadcasting of plant ash in the matrix sterilized, and seed is carried out germination and growth at 15~25 DEG C, the top of cultivation matrix is provided with sunshade net, and shading rate is 50~75%, and seed is sprouted and grows into Companumoea root seedling.The present invention is on the basis of Companumoea root fruit and seed physiology characteristic is understood, breaking dormancy is handled by seed afterripening, the endogenous Germination suppression material of plant ash water immersion reduction is utilized simultaneously, improve the emergence rate of Companumoea root seed, solve the problems, such as the seed seedling-raising required for artificial cultivation, it can be bred by sowing development artificial cultivation, the need for satisfaction is commercially produced.
Description
Technical field:
The invention belongs to technical field of plant propagation, and in particular to a kind of seed seedling-raising method of Companumoea root.
Background technology:
Chinese medicine Companumoea root is the root of Campanulaceae leopard platymiscium leopard (Campanumoea javanica Bl.), is begun
It is loaded in《The Illustrated Book on Plants》;Sweet, slight bitter, it is warm-natured, it is nontoxic, enter lung, spleen, the warp of kidney three, with strengthening the spleen and replenishing qi, tonifying lung, eliminating the phlegm
Cough-relieving, it is lower newborn the effects such as, cure mainly the diseases such as consumptive disease internal injury, cough due to deficiency of the lung, splenasthenic diarrhea, milk few, infantile malnutrition, the enuresis.Soil
Codonopsis pilosula polysaccharide rich content, and with multiple biological activities, medicine food is simultaneous preferably.Companumoea root is also the Yao nationality, Miao ethnic group, the Shui nationality and the Dong nationality
Ethnomedicines.Modern medicine proves that Companumoea root can improve senile dementia, increase body resisting fatigue ability and anoxia tolerance function.
Companumoea root is a kind of half negative herbaceous stem winding liana of perennial sylvan life, tool milk and dauciform root.The black purple of berry
Color, aubergine is spherical, and winter is ripe.Seed afterripening, is often short cylinder irregularly, surface tool wax and netted decorative pattern.Expensive
The ground such as state, Sichuan, Yunnan, Guangdong, Guangxi, Anhui are widely distributed.Fruit is ripe in the winter time, the animal food such as this season birds
Lack very much, therefore Companumoea root fruit is easy to be taken food by animal.Its seed is small, and embryonic development is not full during fruit maturation, easily quilt
Animal alimentary canal is decomposed, thus is bred in the wild extremely difficult.Companumoea root is with very high medical value and economic worth, market
Demand progressively expands.According to investigations, although be widely distributed in east Asia tropical and subtropical zone area, but various regions field only sees fragmentary point
Cloth, seldom finds in flakes.The prior art of Companumoea root seminal propagation is not yet related at present, is difficult to completely by excavating wild resource
Foot production and the demand in market, are now badly in need of a kind of mating system of artificial cultivation of exploitation.
The content of the invention:
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of convenient material drawing, the kind for the Companumoea root that technology is simple, easy to spread, emergence rate is high
Plant method for culturing seedlings.
The plantation method for culturing seedlings of the Companumoea root of the present invention, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
A, collection leopard (Campanumoea javanica Bl.) fresh mature fruits, be placed in ventilation, cool place
Aging storage 10~15 days under environment, take out seed disinfection processing, then use plant ash aqueous solution soaking, then admix in plant ash
Wait to broadcast;
B, it will carry out water and fertilizer management with the seed broadcasting of plant ash in the matrix sterilized, make seed 15~25
Germination and growth is carried out at DEG C, the top of cultivation matrix is provided with sunshade net, and shading rate is 50~75%, and seed is sprouted and grows into soil
Radix Codonopsis seedling.
Described seed disinfection processing is preferably soaked 1 hour with the liquor potassic permanganate of mass fraction 0.1~0.3%.
The described matrix sterilized, its sterilisation step is:In every 1m340 grams of 50% powder of carbendazim is applied in matrix, with modeling after stirring evenly
Expect that film is covered 2-3 days.Seed is soaked with plasmid fraction 0.1-0.3% liquor potassic permanganates, and with mass fraction bacterium more than 50%
Clever pulvis stirs matrix, can play the function of sterilizing, reduces because Companumoea root seed can not be sprouted caused by external cause
May.
The described plant ash aqueous solution is preferably plant ash:Water in mass ratio 3:5 mix, with the water-soluble immersion of plant ash
It is specifically first to soak the seed sterilized 12 hours in the plant ash aqueous solution to steep seed, is then picked up with gauze and is exposed at air
In make seed breathe in atmosphere 2 hours then again in the plant ash aqueous solution soak 12 hours.
Described matrix is preferably by perlite:Vermiculite:River sand:Peat soil in mass ratio 2:2:1:5 well mixed form.
The matrix being formulated using perlite, vermiculite, river sand, peat soil, it is loose penetrating suitable to be built to Companumoea root root system
Habitat, is conducive to root system respiration, absorbs moisture and nutritional ingredient.
It is preferred that, sprout with during growth of seedling, using appropriate low concentration liquid organic fertilizer, be conducive in Companumoea root seed
The growth of plant.
It is preferred that, after plant strain growth tends towards stability for seedling, sunshade net is progressively adjusted, shading rate is gradually reduced from 75%
To 50%, illumination is continuously increased in the range of certain shade, is conducive to seedling to grow.
Companumoea root (leopard) fruit storage period under shady and cool, ventilation condition, seed is also in fruit, in certain model
The time for extending and nutriment being absorbed from fruit is enclosed, promotes the afterripening of seed.During this, the physiological action of seed makes
Reserve substance accumulation reaches maximum, and Free water greatly reduces, and total acidity reduction, hydrolysis tends to active, germination percentage by
It is weak turn strong.The germination percentage of Companumoea root seed is closely related with seed afterripening degree for the treatment of and endogenous Germination suppression material level.Through
The seed that Aging storage and plant ash immersion weaken endogenous Germination suppression material is improved about than undressed seeding ratio
50%.Germicidal efficacy shows that the immersion of plant ash water advantageously reduces endogenous Germination suppression material, straight without the immersion of plant ash water
The germination percentage for connecing sowing is low, is placed under room temperature ventilation condition that after planting germination percentage is relatively low without Aging storage, at after-ripening
Managing and put the seed dried in the sun, after planting germination percentage is relatively low.There is certain dormancy in Companumoea root seed, by combining
Aging storage, plant ash water soak and are seeded in suitable growth substrate, can break its dormancy, make seeding ratio up to 85%
Left and right.
The present invention is on the basis of Companumoea root fruit and seed physiology characteristic is understood, to be handled and broken not by seed afterripening
Sleep, while reducing endogenous Germination suppression material using the immersion of plant ash water, improve the emergence rate of Companumoea root seed, solve people
Seed seedling-raising problem required for work cultivation, can be bred by sowing development artificial cultivation, meet what is commercially produced
Need.
Embodiment:
Following examples are that the present invention is further illustrated, rather than limitation of the present invention.
Embodiment 1
Gather Companumoea root (leopard) fruit of fresh mature mid-December, fruit is positioned over bamboo sieve above, will be placed with
The bamboo sieve of Companumoea root fruit is placed on that door and window is open, room with good ventilation, ventilated, it is shady and cool under conditions of carry out Aging storage
15 days, then threshing obtained seed, and seed is first soaked 1 hour with the liquor potassic permanganate of mass fraction 0.1%, then uses buck
Than for 3:The 5 plant ash aqueous solution is (by plant ash and water according to mass ratio 3:5 mixing solution) immersion 12 hours after, use gauze
Pick up dew makes seed breathe 2 hours in atmosphere and then be immersed in the plant ash aqueous solution again (cement-water ratio is 3 in atmosphere:5)
In 12 hours, finally admix stand-by in plant ash.
In mass ratio, perlite:Vermiculite:River sand:Peat soil=2:2:1:5, above-mentioned substance is well mixed and obtains matrix.
Matrix is carried out disinfection, per 1m340 grams of 50% powder of carbendazim of mass fraction is applied in matrix, covered rearing with plastic film is used after stirring evenly
2 days, then matrix is fitted into a diameter of 10cm planting bag, will be equipped with the planting bag of matrix one by one against being put into vinyl house
1 week on middle about 1.5 meters of wide sandy groundbeds, sunshade net is installed, the adjustable range of shading rate is 50-75% on vinyl house.
Clear water is irrigated after flavour of a drug are vapored away, the seed broadcasting for being mixed with plant ash is then subjected to spraying and moisturizing daily in matrix.Control
The production of hybrid seeds son sprouting and growth temperature be 15-25 DEG C, the shading rate of sunshade net is adjusted to 75%.Sowing starts budding, 1 after 7 days
Emergence rate is up to 85% after individual month.Basically reach the raw material needs of commercialization plant development.In seed sprouting and seedling raising process, fit
When applying a small amount of low concentration liquid organic fertilizer, seedling is conducive to grow;After plant strain growth is good, regulation sunshade net makes shading rate
50% is dropped to from 75%, seedling is received more illumination, is conducive to growth.
Embodiment 2
Gather Companumoea root (leopard) fruit of fresh mature mid-December, fruit is positioned over bamboo sieve above, will be placed with
The bamboo sieve of Companumoea root fruit is placed on that door and window is open, room with good ventilation, ventilated, it is shady and cool under conditions of carry out Aging storage
10 days, then threshing obtained seed, and seed is first soaked 1 hour with the liquor potassic permanganate of mass fraction 0.3%, then uses buck
Than for 3:The 5 plant ash aqueous solution is (by plant ash and water according to mass ratio 3:5 mixing solution) immersion 12 hours after, use gauze
Pick up dew makes seed breathe 2 hours in atmosphere and then be immersed in the plant ash aqueous solution again (cement-water ratio is 3 in atmosphere:5)
In 12 hours, finally admix stand-by in plant ash.
Perlite in mass ratio:Vermiculite:River sand:Peat soil=2:2:1:5, above-mentioned substance is well mixed and obtains matrix.
Matrix is carried out disinfection, per 1m340 grams of 50% powder of carbendazim of mass fraction is applied in matrix, covered rearing with plastic film is used after stirring evenly
3 days, then matrix is fitted into a diameter of 10cm planting bag, will be equipped with the planting bag of matrix one by one against being put into vinyl house
1 week on middle about 1.5 meters of wide sandy groundbeds, sunshade net is installed, the adjustable range of shading rate is 50-75% on vinyl house.
Clear water is irrigated after flavour of a drug are vapored away, the seed broadcasting for being mixed with plant ash is then subjected to spraying and moisturizing daily in matrix.Control
The production of hybrid seeds son sprouting and growth temperature be 15-25 DEG C, the shading rate of sunshade net is adjusted to 75%.Sowing starts budding, 1 after 7 days
Emergence rate is up to 86% after individual month.Basically reach the raw material needs of commercialization plant development.In seed sprouting and seedling raising process, fit
When applying a small amount of low concentration liquid organic fertilizer, seedling is conducive to grow;After plant strain growth is good, regulation sunshade net makes shading rate
50% is dropped to from 75%, seedling is received more illumination, is conducive to growth.
Comparative example 1
Companumoea root (leopard) fruit of fresh mature is gathered, fruit is positioned over bamboo sieve above, Companumoea root will be placed with really
Real bamboo sieve is placed on that door and window is open, room with good ventilation, ventilated, it is shady and cool under conditions of carry out Aging storage 15 days, so
Threshing obtains seed afterwards, and seed is first soaked 1 hour with the liquor potassic permanganate of mass fraction 0.1%, soaked 12 hours with clear water,
Dew is picked up with gauze makes seed breathe 2 hours in atmosphere and then be immersed in again in clear water 12 hours in atmosphere, last cloudy
It is dry stand-by.
Perlite in mass ratio:Vermiculite:River sand:Peat soil=2:2:1:5, above-mentioned substance is well mixed and obtains matrix.
Matrix is carried out disinfection, per 1m340 grams of 50% powder of carbendazim of mass fraction is applied in matrix, covered rearing with plastic film is used after stirring evenly
2 days, then matrix is fitted into a diameter of 10cm planting bag, will be equipped with the planting bag of matrix one by one against being put into vinyl house
1 week on middle about 1.5 meters of wide sandy groundbeds, sunshade net is installed, the adjustable range of shading rate is 50-75% on vinyl house.
Clear water is irrigated after flavour of a drug are vapored away, the seed broadcasting for being mixed with plant ash is then subjected to spraying and moisturizing daily in matrix.Control
The production of hybrid seeds son sprouting and growth temperature be 15-25 DEG C, the shading rate of sunshade net is adjusted to 75%.Sowing starts budding, 1 after 7 days
Emergence rate is up to 68% after individual month.Basically reach the raw material needs of commercialization plant development.In seed sprouting and seedling raising process, fit
When applying a small amount of low concentration liquid organic fertilizer, be conducive to the growth of seedling;After plant strain growth is good, regulation sunshade net makes shading
Rate drops to 50% from 75%, seedling is received more illumination, is conducive to growth.
Comparative example 2
Companumoea root (leopard) fruit of fresh mature is gathered, fruit is positioned over bamboo sieve above, Companumoea root will be placed with really
Real bamboo sieve is placed on that door and window is open, room with good ventilation, ventilated, it is shady and cool under conditions of carry out Aging storage 4 days, then
Threshing obtains seed, and seed is first soaked 1 hour with the liquor potassic permanganate of mass fraction 0.1%, is then 3 with cement-water ratio:5
The plant ash aqueous solution is (by plant ash and water according to mass ratio 3:5 mixing solution) immersion 12 hours after, picked up and be exposed at gauze
Seed is set to breathe 2 hours in atmosphere and then be immersed in the plant ash aqueous solution again (cement-water ratio is 3 in air:5) 12 hours in,
Finally admix stand-by in plant ash.
Perlite in mass ratio:Vermiculite:River sand:Peat soil=2:2:1:5, above-mentioned substance is well mixed and obtains matrix.
Matrix is carried out disinfection, per 1m340 grams of 50% powder of carbendazim of mass fraction is applied in matrix, covered rearing with plastic film is used after stirring evenly
2 days, then matrix is fitted into a diameter of 10cm planting bag, will be equipped with the planting bag of matrix one by one against being put into vinyl house
1 week on middle about 1.5 meters of wide sandy groundbeds, sunshade net is installed, the adjustable range of shading rate is 50-75% on vinyl house.
Clear water is irrigated after flavour of a drug are vapored away, the seed broadcasting for being mixed with plant ash is then subjected to spraying and moisturizing daily in matrix.Control
The production of hybrid seeds son sprouting and growth temperature be 15-25 DEG C, the shading rate of sunshade net is adjusted to 75%.Sowing starts budding, 1 after 7 days
Emergence rate is up to 56% after individual month.Basically reach the raw material needs of commercialization plant development.In seed sprouting and seedling raising process, fit
When applying a small amount of low concentration liquid organic fertilizer, be conducive to the growth of seedling;After plant strain growth is good, regulation sunshade net makes shading
Rate drops to 50% from 75%, seedling is received more illumination, is conducive to growth.
Comparative example 3
Companumoea root (leopard) fruit of fresh mature is gathered, threshing at once obtains seed, do not entered under conditions of cool place
Row Aging storage, seed is first soaked 1 hour with the liquor potassic permanganate of mass fraction 0.1%, is then 3 with cement-water ratio:5 grass
The wood ash aqueous solution is (by plant ash and water according to mass ratio 3:5 mixing solution) immersion 12 hours after, picked up with gauze and be exposed at sky
Seed is set to breathe 2 hours in atmosphere and then be immersed in the plant ash aqueous solution again (cement-water ratio is 3 in gas:5) 12 hours in, most
After admix it is stand-by in plant ash.
Perlite in mass ratio:Vermiculite:River sand:Peat soil=2:2:1:5, above-mentioned substance is well mixed and obtains matrix.
Matrix is carried out disinfection, per 1m340 grams of 50% powder of carbendazim of mass fraction is applied in matrix, covered rearing with plastic film is used after stirring evenly
2 days, then matrix is fitted into a diameter of 10cm planting bag, will be equipped with the planting bag of matrix one by one against being put into vinyl house
1 week on middle about 1.5 meters of wide sandy groundbeds, sunshade net is installed, the adjustable range of shading rate is 50-75% on vinyl house.
Clear water is irrigated after flavour of a drug are vapored away, the seed broadcasting for being mixed with plant ash is then subjected to spraying and moisturizing daily in matrix.Control
The production of hybrid seeds son sprouting and growth temperature be 15-25 DEG C, the shading rate of sunshade net is adjusted to 75%.Sowing starts budding, 1 after 7 days
Emergence rate is up to 42% after individual month.Basically reach the raw material needs of commercialization plant development.In seed sprouting and seedling raising process, fit
When applying a small amount of low concentration liquid organic fertilizer, be conducive to the growth of seedling;After plant strain growth is good, regulation sunshade net makes shading
Rate drops to 50% from 75%, seedling is received more illumination, is conducive to growth.
It can be seen that what is soaked by 10-15 days Aging storages and plant ash water by above example and 3 comparative examples
Seed improves about 50%, base than the seeding ratio not enough and without plant ash soaked without Aging storage or Aging storage time
Originally the raw material needs for adapting to commercialization plant development are reached, it is possible to achieve the artificial cultivation of Companumoea root.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of seed seedling-raising method of Companumoea root, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
A, the fresh mature fruits of collection leopard (Campanumoea javanica Bl.), are placed in ventilation, shady and cool environment
Lower Aging storage 10~15 days, takes out seed disinfection processing, then uses plant ash aqueous solution soaking, then admix in plant ash and treat
Broadcast;
B, it will carry out water and fertilizer management with the seed broadcasting of plant ash in the matrix sterilized, make seed at 15~25 DEG C
Germination and growth is carried out, the top of cultivation matrix is provided with sunshade net, and shading rate is 50~75%, and seed is sprouted and grows into Companumoea root
Seedling;
The described plant ash aqueous solution is plant ash:Water in mass ratio 3:5 mix, and have with plant ash aqueous solution soaking seed
Body is first to soak the seed sterilized in the plant ash aqueous solution 12 hours, and dew is then picked up with gauze makes seed in atmosphere
2 hours and then again immersion 12 hours in the plant ash aqueous solution are breathed in atmosphere.
2. the seed seedling-raising method of Companumoea root according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described seed disinfection, which is handled, is
Soaked 1 hour with the liquor potassic permanganate of mass fraction 0.1~0.3%.
3. the seed seedling-raising method of Companumoea root according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the described matrix sterilized,
Its sterilisation step is:In every 1m340 grams of 50% powder of carbendazim of mass fraction is applied in matrix, covered rearing with plastic film 2- is used after stirring evenly
3 days.
4. the seed seedling-raising method of Companumoea root according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described matrix is by pearl
Rock:Vermiculite:River sand:Peat soil in mass ratio 2:2:1:5 well mixed form.
5. the seed seedling-raising method of Companumoea root according to claim 1, it is characterised in that sprouted and children in Companumoea root seed
In seedling growth course, using appropriate low concentration liquid organic fertilizer, be conducive to the growth of plant.
6. the seed seedling-raising method of Companumoea root according to claim 1, it is characterised in that tend in plant strain growth for seedling
After stable, sunshade net is progressively adjusted, shading rate is gradually reduced from 75% to 50%.
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CN105359814B (en) * | 2015-12-09 | 2018-04-27 | 江西青春康源制药有限公司 | A kind of implantation methods of Bai Yun Shen |
CN105900561B (en) * | 2016-05-03 | 2017-09-15 | 中国科学院华南植物园 | A kind of method of extra large people seeds sprouting and nursery |
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CN108739404A (en) * | 2018-07-07 | 2018-11-06 | 云南澈川生物科技有限公司 | A kind of method for tissue culture of medicinal plant Bai Yun Shen |
CN111657087B (en) * | 2020-06-28 | 2022-07-29 | 国药种业有限公司 | Seedling growing method for fritillaria cirrhosa seeds |
CN111919691A (en) * | 2020-07-29 | 2020-11-13 | 福建省中科生物股份有限公司 | Method for culturing ginseng seedlings in plant factory |
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