JP2010017168A - Aqueous solution circulating recharging cultivation system - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a system for cultivating plants, intended for solving such problems that a conventional method of soaking plant roots in circulating fertilizer aqueous solution, as examples of artificial cultivation and plant factory cultivation, enables control of a component ratio of fertilizer, and a feed rate of fertilizer and water, but the method requires change of equipment according to plants to be cultivated, such as a prop of plants, a cultivation density, and a hole pitch to pass roots through, and also because of being hydroponics cultivation, has difficulty in delicate control of making plants cause stress to fertilizer and water in order to improve the taste of leaves and fruits of plants. <P>SOLUTION: This system for cultivating plants is obtained by perpendicularly individually arranging a plurality of cylinders whose both the ends are cut in an equal length, perpendicularly to a cylindrical surface and which are made of a permeable material, on the bottom of a case, spreading a permeable sheet on the upper surface of the cylinder above the upper surface of the case, putting culture soil for planting plants onto the sheet, pouring an aqueous solution of fertilizer at a depth of water below a height of the cylinder upper surface, and passing the aqueous solution through an attached aeration tank and aqueous solution storing tank to circulate with a pump. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a method for plant cultivation that achieves high efficiency and wide area. In addition to cultivation on soil such as general farmland, the present invention has been made into salt fields by pumping excess water on pavement such as sand, asphalt, concrete, etc. The present invention relates to a plant cultivation method capable of cultivating plants anywhere such as farmland and rationally controlling fertilizer and moisture.

Conventional technology

  Conventionally, as a method of plant cultivation and artificial cultivation, the method of supplying aqueous fertilizer to the plant is to immerse it in an aqueous solution that circulates the roots of the plant, or to spray or impregnate the fertilizer aqueous solution on a permeable sheet to grow the plant The method to make it has been taken.

In the most common method of cultivating plants on the farmland, most of the fertilizer consumed is soaked underground, and the proportion absorbed by plants is very low. Various types of plant cultivation have been considered.
As an example of artificial cultivation and plant factory cultivation, the conventional method of soaking in the fertilizer aqueous solution that circulates the roots of the plant can control the ratio of fertilizer components, fertilizer, and the amount of water supply, but for example, In order to improve the taste of leaves or fruits, there is a limit to delicate and stable controls such as delicate controls that cause stress on plants with fertilizer and moisture.
Further, since the cost minimum of the cultivation density differs depending on the plant, there is also a problem in the versatility of the equipment, such as using different things with different hole pitches through the roots of the plant holding sheet depending on the cultivated plant.

  On the other hand, the cultivation method on the permeable sheet allows control of the fertilizer component ratio, fertilizer, and water supply, and it is easy to minimize the cost of cultivation density. If there is no support, it will not be able to stand by itself, so there is a need to replant to another place, or only the sheet is a fertilizer supply means, so make a sheet with a special material to improve compatibility There were various problems such as having to be done, the residual components of the fertilizer caused harmful effects on the plant, and the sheet had to be replaced each time.

Means to solve the problem

As described in claim 1, it is made of a permeable material in which both ends of a cylinder are cut into a uniform length perpendicular to the cylindrical surface in a case having an open side having a side surface and a bottom surface that does not allow liquid to permeate. Stand up the cylinder vertically and place multiple pieces individually on the bottom surface of the case, place a permeable sheet on the top surface of the cylinder in contact with the top surface of the cylinder, place it over the case, put culture soil for planting on it, and place the top surface of the cylinder A plant cultivation system in which an aqueous solution of fertilizer is poured at a depth below the height and passed through an aeration tank and an aqueous solution storage tank attached to the aqueous solution and circulated by a pump circulates the aqueous solution containing fertilizer, so there is no waste. It can be absorbed by plants, and since an aeration tank is attached to the circulation circuit, nutrients can be given to plants while mineralizing organic matter contained in fertilizer in aqueous solution.
Further, in the method of the present invention, plants are planted in the culture soil layer, so the cultivation density can be freely set, and plants having different optimum cultivation efficiencies can be used as the same equipment. It is also possible to easily set up the support.
Unlike the sheet cultivation sheet, the culture soil can be easily regenerated, and can be easily replaced if necessary.
Of course, it is possible to finely control the nutrient ratio, which is a feature of solution cultivation, and the combination of a culture person layer, a permeation sheet, and a permeation cylinder enables stable nutrition and moisture control to the plant. It is a feature different from sheet cultivation or simple solution cultivation in that stress is caused to the root of the plant, which is a characteristic, and leaves or fruits are sufficiently accumulated to produce delicious leaves or fruits.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, both ends of the main straight pipe are supported by bearings so that the main straight pipe can rotate around the pipe axis, and the main straight pipe includes a plurality of perpendicular to the pipe axis of the main straight pipe. Bifurcations where branch pipes come out are arranged at multiple locations, and organic compost is put into a structure in which the main straight pipe is bent at the tip of each branch pipe in a certain direction of a circle tangent centered on the pipe axis When the air that is placed in the tank and temperature-controlled by the heat pump is sent into the pipe of the main straight pipe, the branch pipe is turned by the back force released from the bent tip of each branch pipe, and the organic compost is Organic compost which is stirred and extracted from the stirred aeration tank of the organic compost solution is pumped to the top tank of the upper and lower multiple tanks each equipped with an air outlet for aeration, and is dropped into the lower tank in order and mineralized Enzymatic decomposition tank and this organic compost enzymatic decomposition tank Used as an aqueous solution according to claim 1 system make fee solution.

The invention's effect

As explained in the previous section, it is possible to improve the absorption efficiency of fertilizer, which is the conventional disadvantage, fine control of fertilizer nutrients, stabilization of control, removal of restrictions on cultivation density, installation of props to support plant independence, It is also possible to stably give stress to the roots of plants, and there are effects such as making available organic compost available inexpensively and effectively.
Moreover, the organic compost decomposing system of claim 2 mainly decomposes organic compost fermented with aerobic bacteria (such as spinach) with organic matter such as cow dung, pig dung, chicken dung, and garbage, and further decomposes organic compost with this system. It produces an aqueous solution with a high mineral content and a negative oxidation-reduction potential. The resulting high-concentration aqueous solution is diluted 5,000 to 10,000 times and used in the aqueous solution circulation nourishing cultivation system of the present invention. It is aimed.

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

Next, an embodiment of claim 1 of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 1 is a plan view showing an embodiment of the aqueous solution circulation cultivation system of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a side view thereof.
In an open cultivation case (1) having a side surface and a bottom surface that does not allow liquid to permeate, the permeation is cut at a uniform length perpendicular to the cylindrical surface at both ends of the cylinder with a material permeable at least in the cylindrical surface direction. Cylinders (2) are vertically arranged individually on the cultivation case (1) on the bottom surface, and a permeation sheet (3) with permeability is laid on the top surface of the cylinder, and the cultivation case (1) is laid on one side. Culture soil (5) for planting is placed, and an aqueous solution (4) of fertilizer is poured at a depth below the upper surface of the cylinder, an aeration tank (6) attached with the aqueous solution, an aqueous solution storage tank (7) A circulating water supply pipe {circle over (9)} and a circulating water discharge pipe {circle around (10)} are arranged so as to be circulated by the circulation pump {circle over (8)}.
Except for the aqueous solution storage tank (7), they are placed on the cultivation case stand (22).
The aqueous solution (4) containing the nutrients necessary for plant growth is sucked up from the aqueous solution storage tank (7) to the circulation pump (8) and turned into air in the aeration tank (6) having an air layer at the top. It is made to touch and it is led in cultivation case (1) through circulating water supply piping (9).
The aqueous solution introduced into the cultivation case (1) is transmitted to the permeable osmotic cylinder (2) and rises to the upper part by capillary action, and also penetrates the osmotic sheet (3) which is in contact with the upper end of the osmotic cylinder (2). I will do it.
The aqueous solution {circle around (4)} is also absorbed in the culture soil {circle around (5)} which is in contact with the top surface of the permeation sheet {circle around (3)}, and is absorbed by the plants rooted in the culture soil {circle around (5)}.
The aqueous solution (4) that has not been absorbed by the permeation cylinder (2) in the cultivation case (1) returns to the aqueous solution storage tank (7) via the circulating water discharge pipe (10).
The above circulation is repeated, but since the aeration tank (6) is provided in the circulation circuit, the aqueous solution containing the fertilizer nutrient (4) can keep the activity in the initial sound, and the plant leaves or the nutrients are actually stored. To reduce the supply of fertilizer nutrients or water to cause stress in the roots, lowering the water level of the aqueous solution (4) under the permeation sheet (3) of the cultivation case (1) or circulating aqueous solution (4) It can be easily managed by controlling the nutrient content of ▼.

Then, the example of Claim 2 of this invention is demonstrated using FIG. 3 and FIG.
3 is a plan view showing an embodiment of claim 2 of the aqueous solution circulation cultivation system of the present invention, and FIG. 4 is a side view thereof.
The aeration tank (11) and the decomposition tank (12) are arranged on the aeration tank / decomposition tank frame (23), and the stirring aeration tank (11) has an organic compost inlet (19) and an inlet lid (20). And an aqueous solution supply pump (14) and an aeration tank / decomposition tank pipe (13) are arranged on the stirring aeration tank (11).
An aeration system is also provided, and the hot air discharged from the heat pump hot air supply device (21) is sent to the stirring rotation shaft (15) and the aeration shaft (16) through the hot air piping (24).
The stirring rotation shaft (15) is supported by a bearing (17) attached to the stirring aeration tank (11).
The decomposition tank (12) is divided into upper and lower layers, and a valve (18) for controlling the amount of the aqueous solution (4) dropped from the upper layer to the lower layer is provided at the lower part of each decomposition layer. It is rotated by the back force of the hot air pushed out from the heat pump hot air generator 21 via the hot air pipe (24) to the stirring rotation shaft (15), and the organic compost put into the organic compost inlet (19) is stirred. Agitated in aeration tank (11), stirred for about 7 days after aerobic decomposition, extracted aqueous solution (4) is sucked by aqueous solution supply pump (14) and decomposed via aeration tank-decomposition tank pipe (13) Carried to the top layer of tank (12).
Aqueous solution (4) stays in each layer for about 7 days, is transferred to the lower layer sequentially by opening valve (18) from the top layer, and dropped to aqueous solution storage tank (7) by opening valve (18) on the bottom layer Is included.
This aqueous solution storage tank (7) can be incorporated in the aqueous solution circulation nutrient cultivation system of claim 1 described above.

Industrial applicability

Explanation is omitted because it is self-evident

The top view of the aqueous solution circulation nourishing cultivation system of Claim 1 of this invention The side view of the aqueous solution circulation nourishing cultivation system of Claim 1 of this invention Plan view of the organic compost enzymatic decomposition tank according to claim 2 of the present invention Side sectional view of the organic compost decomposing tank according to claim 2 of the present invention

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Cultivation case 2 Osmosis cylinder 3 Osmosis sheet 4 Aqueous solution 5 Culture soil 6 Aeration tank 7 Aqueous solution storage tank 8 Circulation pump 9 Circulating water supply piping 10 Circulating water drain piping 11 Stirring aeration tank 12 Decomposition tank 13 Aeration tank-decomposition tank piping 14 Aqueous solution supply pump from aeration tank to a decomposition tank 15 agitation rotating shaft 16 aeration shaft 17 bearing 18 valve 19 organic compost inlet 20 agitation aeration tank lid 21 heat pump hot air supplier 22 case base 23 aeration / decomposition tank base 24 hot air piping

Claims (2)

In a case with an open side with a side and bottom that does not allow liquid to permeate, a plurality of cylinders of permeable material with both ends of the cylinder cut to a uniform length perpendicular to the cylindrical surface, individually on the bottom of the case Place the permeable sheet in contact with the upper surface of the cylinder, place it on the entire surface of the case, place the culture soil on it, flow an aqueous solution of fertilizer at a depth below the height of the upper surface of the cylinder, and aeration with the aqueous solution attached Plant cultivation system that passes through tanks and aqueous solution storage tanks and circulates with a pump. A branch section where both ends of the main straight pipe are supported by bearings so that the main straight pipe can rotate around the pipe axis, and the main straight pipe has a plurality of branch pipes perpendicular to the pipe axis of the main straight pipe Are arranged in a plurality of places, and a structure in which the main straight pipe is bent at the end of each branch pipe in a certain direction of a tangent of a circle centering on the pipe axis is placed in a tank into which organic compost is put, and a heat pump When the air temperature-controlled in is sent into the main straight pipe, the organic compost is agitated and extracted by the branch pipe turning by the back force that air is released from the bent tip of each branch pipe Organic compost decomposition tank, which is sent to the top tank of the upper and lower multiple tanks each equipped with an aeration air outlet by a pump from the agitated aeration tank of organic compost aqueous solution, and is sequentially dropped into the lower tank for mineralization Make fertilizer aqueous solution by organic compost enzymatic digestion tank Plant cultivation system used as an aqueous solution of the system of claim 1.

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