CN101385431B - Sexual multiplication method of Welwitschia mirabilis - Google Patents
Sexual multiplication method of Welwitschia mirabilis Download PDFInfo
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- CN101385431B CN101385431B CN2008101549557A CN200810154955A CN101385431B CN 101385431 B CN101385431 B CN 101385431B CN 2008101549557 A CN2008101549557 A CN 2008101549557A CN 200810154955 A CN200810154955 A CN 200810154955A CN 101385431 B CN101385431 B CN 101385431B
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Abstract
The present invention provides a sexual propagation method of welwitschia mirabilis. The propagation method mainly comprises the steps as follows: appliances, such as a pot, seeds, instruments, and the like, to be contacted are dipped in potassium permanganate disinfector for sterilizing; the pot is required to be made from ventilated material and is high shape; the soil is required with big granules, good water permeability and the pH value being about 7.5 and is sterilized seriously; seeding is carried out under the environment of the air temperature; young seedlings grow up under the environment of full light after the emergence of the seedlings, thereby being capable of effectively controlling the invasion of Aspergillus Niger germ. The method effectively controls the development of the Aspergillus Niger germ carried by the welwitschia mirabilis in vivo, effectively improves the survival rate of the culture of the young seedling of the welwitschia mirabilis and ensures that the life of the living fossil of ancient plant is continued and propagated.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to sexual propagation method of welwitschia mirabilis, belong to plant artificial propagation and cultivation method technical field.
Background technology
The unique kind of blue Welwitschia mirabilis Hook.F family Welwitschiaceae at the age of one hundred years old, be distributed in nanometer than Western Coast to Angola west and south long and narrow, an extremely dry sandy loam location, distribution is extremely narrow, is described as the plant species " living fossil " that the ancient times stays.The seed of orchid at the age of one hundred years old is also quite low at local germination rate, and it is activated supposing to have 50% seed, and this wherein also has 80% by fungal infection.According to incompletely statistics, orchid at the age of one hundred years old have less than ten thousand/ seed can germinate and grow up into strain.Orchid at the age of one hundred years old has only two leaves throughout one's life, reaches 2～3 meters respectively, and blade is constantly grown, and the part fiber reel bending that blade tip is also withered, remaining gradually is of great rarity, and has very high ornamental value, because of it is that branch is solely planted, its original characteristics is arranged in taxonomy.Also be the kind that each big botanical garden falls over each other to collect, the example that the at the age of one hundred years old blue existence that introduce a fine variety for preservation in the big Lay botanical garden of Germany keeps little greenhouse passes from mouth to mouth with approbation on the circle, botanical garden.
At present, China has only indivedual big botanical gardens that cultivation is arranged, and quantity is few, because the breeding difficulty is most from buying into seedling abroad, to do scientific research and science popularization exhibition.The present invention has effectively suppressed the development of the aspergillus niger germ of carrying in the blue seed body at the age of one hundred years old, effectively raises the seedling survival rate of seedling of orchid at the age of one hundred years old, makes the life of this ancient times plant " living fossil " obtain continuity and breeding.
Summary of the invention:
The main feature of sexual propagation method of welwitschia mirabilis is as follows:
The A strict sterilization prevents pathogen transmission: the basin alms bowl that uses, the potassium permanganate solution of apparatus use 2% were soaked the aqueous solution soaking of blue seed demand 1.5% at the age of one hundred years old 2 hours 2 hours;
B selects the cultivation basin: the basin alms bowl requires the ventilative material and the shape of high pin, is beneficial to blue flourishing root growth and stretching, extension at the age of one hundred years old;
The selection of C sowing soil: dispose soil in proportion, soil requires that particle is big, water permeability good, ph value is 7.5 and disinfecting through strictness;
The selection on D sowing opportunity: blue seed at the age of one hundred years old carries the aspergillus niger germ, and the air themperature during sowing must be carried out under 4～6 days environmental condition at 25～35 ℃, continuous sunny;
The E type of seeding: one in every basin, one of seed projection faces up;
The management of F seedling: the back seedling that emerges grows in the environment of full exposure, can effectively suppress the infringement of aspergillus niger germ, and needs jede Woche will use the alternately sterilization of potassium permanganate, carbendazim disinfectant;
G changes pot transplanting: blue well developed root system at the age of one hundred years old, seedlings root must be under the state of marsh growth 60 days, and afterwards, the top sprouting grows, treat that cotyledon is about 2～3 centimetres after, interchangeable big pot transplanting.
More detailed scheme is:
1, to contain grease very high for the seed of orchid at the age of one hundred years old, through trudging, very easily is subjected to courses of infection again, and the seed of use will carry out disinfection, and can use after 2 hours with 2% liquor potassic permanganate immersion; Simultaneously, apparatus such as the basin of contact, shovel all will conscientiously be sterilized during to sowing, and the potassium permanganate solution of use 2% soaked 2 hours.
2, the sowing of selecting is unsuitable big with basin, and the basin alms bowl requires the ventilative material and the barreled basin of high pin shape, is beneficial to blue flourishing root growth and stretching, extension at the age of one hundred years old, and the tub wall height should be at 15 centimetres, bore at 7～8 centimetres of optimums.
3, dispose soil in proportion, sowing is mixed the back use thoroughly with the running water that the red beautiful soil of the available 2 parts big grains of soil, 2 parts of granule pumices, 0.5 part of ash add cleaning, can add a small amount of Bavistin in the water, soil requirement particle is big, water permeability good, ph value disinfecting about 7.5 and through strictness;
4, because the factor of environmental condition, blue seed at the age of one hundred years old suffers courses of infection easily in the original producton location, and portable aspergillus niger germ, so, sowing time is selected in the weather of sunny drying, strong sunlight can effectively suppress the development of germ, and sowing is avoided overcast and rainy, particularly overcast and rainy continuously plum rain season.Preferably be chosen in the end of spring and the beginning of summer the season of sowing, and air themperature is carried out under 4～6 days environmental condition at 25～35 ℃, continuous sunny;
When 5, sowing, thicker stone grain on the pad of basin is put into the matrix for preparing, one in every basin, one of seed projection faces up, seed is put the multiple a spot of soil in back well seed is pushed down, and waters permeablely, keeps corresponding air humidity and circulation of air, add a cover covering glass or film above, under the temperature of 25～35 ℃ of temperature, germinateed, and removed covering after the germination in 4～6 days.
6, seedling under natural lighting, can effectively suppress the infringement of aspergillus niger germ without any need for the measure of shading.Jede Woche need use the alternately pouring sterilization of potassium permanganate, carbendazim disinfectant simultaneously, keeps the corresponding air humidity of subenvironment.After treating that true leaf grows, add an amount of organic manure that becomes thoroughly decomposed in water, still, pay special attention to, the fertilizer of use will clean, totally.
7, blue well developed root system at the age of one hundred years old, the young root growth rapidly, under the condition of moisture abundance, grow 2～3 centimetres every day, so, in the seedling curing period of orchid at the age of one hundred years old, ponding about 1 centimetre must be arranged at the bottom of cultivation tray, and after seedlings root must be in and grow 60 days under the state of marsh, the top sprouting grew, when treating that cotyledon is about 2～3 centimetres, change big pot transplanting.
Advantage of the present invention: broken through the problem of blue seed seedling-raising difficulty at the age of one hundred years old, utilize the reasonable utilization of aspects such as illumination, temperature, medicine, effectively suppressed germ, improved the survival rate of seed seedling-raising to the infecting of seedling.
Embodiment:
Below the present invention is further elaborated by example.
The kind that the present invention adopts is former to be that the transaction kind of Africa ' s Largest Online Marketplace is former.
Embodiment 1
The sowing place: Zhong Shan botanical garden, Nanjing Nan Yuan is equipped with the greenhouse
Sowing time: on June 26th, 2007
Weather during sowing: fine
Environmental temperature during sowing: 40 ℃ of maximum temperatures, 26 ℃ of lowest temperature
1, carries out preparation before the sowing, to apparatus and seed disinfection: at first be ready to disinfection drug, the sowing apparatus basin that contacts in the sowing process, shovel etc. are carried out disinfection, use 2% potassium permanganate solution to soak 2 hours.It is very high that the seed of orchid at the age of one hundred years old contains grease, through trudging, very easily is subjected to courses of infection again, and the seed of use also will carry out disinfection, and the liquor potassic permanganate with 2% soaks after 2 hours and can use.
2, select the cultivation basin: apparatus and seed through sterilization will use immediately, avoid polluting once more.Sowing is unsuitable big with basin, and material requires ventilative boccaro or mud earthen basin best, and the tub wall height at 7 centimetres of optimums, is beneficial to root growth and the stretching, extension of orchid at the age of one hundred years old at 15 centimetres, bore;
3, configuration sowing soil: sowing is mixed the back use thoroughly with the running water that the red beautiful soil of the available 2 parts big grains of soil, 2 parts of granule pumices, 0.5 part of ash add cleaning, can add a small amount of Bavistin in the water, soil requires that particle is big, water permeability good, ph value is 7.2 and disinfecting through strictness;
4, sowing: thicker stone grain on the basin heelpiece, put into the matrix for preparing, one in every basin, one of seed projection faces up, and seed is put the multiple a spot of soil in back well seed is pushed down, water permeable, keep corresponding air humidity and circulation of air, add a cover covering glass or film above, under the temperature of 32 ℃ of temperature, germinateed, and removed covering after the germination in 5 days.
5, the management of seedling: seedling is without any need for the measure of shading, and needs strong sunlight direct projection, can anti-45 ℃ high temperature, and sunlight and high temperature can effectively suppress the infringement of aspergillus niger germ, are beneficial to seedling and grow up.Jede Woche need use the alternately pouring sterilization of potassium permanganate, carbendazim disinfectant simultaneously, keeps the corresponding air humidity of subenvironment.After treating that true leaf grows, can add an amount of organic manure that becomes thoroughly decomposed in water, still, pay special attention to, the fertilizer of use will clean, totally.
7, change pot transplanting: blue well developed root system at the age of one hundred years old, the young root growth rapidly, under the condition of moisture abundance, can grow every day 2～3 centimetres, so, in the seedling curing period of orchid at the age of one hundred years old, ponding about 1 centimetre must be arranged at the bottom of cultivation tray, and after seedlings root must be grown 65 days under the state of marsh, the top sprouting grew, after treating that cotyledon is about 2～3 centimetres, change big pot transplanting.
Embodiment 2
The sowing place: Zhong Shan botanical garden, Nanjing Nan Yuan is equipped with the greenhouse
Sowing time: on July 16th, 2007
Weather during sowing: fine
Environmental temperature during sowing: 40 ℃ of maximum temperatures, 30 ℃ of lowest temperature
1, carries out preparation before the sowing, to apparatus and seed disinfection: at first be ready to disinfection drug, the sowing apparatus basin that contacts in the sowing process, shovel etc. are carried out disinfection, use 1% potassium permanganate solution to soak 2 hours.It is very high that the seed of orchid at the age of one hundred years old contains grease, through trudging, very easily is subjected to courses of infection again, and the seed of use also will carry out disinfection, and the liquor potassic permanganate with 2% soaks after 2 hours and can use.
2, select the cultivation basin: apparatus and seed through sterilization will use immediately, avoid polluting once more.Sowing is unsuitable big with basin, and material requires ventilative boccaro or mud earthen basin best, and tub wall is high 8 centimetres, bore is at 6 centimetres of optimums, is beneficial to root growth and the stretching, extension of orchid at the age of one hundred years old;
3, configuration sowing soil: sowing is mixed the back use thoroughly with the running water that the red beautiful soil of the available 3 parts big grains of soil, 2.5 parts of granule pumices, 0.5 part of ash add cleaning, can add a small amount of Bavistin in the water, soil requires that particle is big, water permeability good, ph value is 7.3 and disinfecting through strictness;
4, sowing: thicker stone grain on the basin heelpiece, put into the matrix for preparing, one in every basin, one of seed projection faces up, and seed is put the multiple a spot of soil in back well seed is pushed down, water permeable, keep corresponding air humidity and circulation of air, add a cover covering glass or film above, under the temperature of 35 ℃ of temperature, germinateed, and removed covering after the germination in 3～5 days.
5, the management of seedling: seedling is without any need for the measure of shading, and needs strong sunlight direct projection, can anti-45 ℃ high temperature, and sunlight and high temperature can effectively suppress the infringement of aspergillus niger germ, are beneficial to seedling and grow up.Jede Woche need use the alternately pouring sterilization of potassium permanganate, carbendazim disinfectant simultaneously, keeps the corresponding air humidity of subenvironment.After treating the true leaf strong point, can add an amount of organic manure that becomes thoroughly decomposed in water, still, pay special attention to, the fertilizer of use will clean, totally.
6, change pot transplanting: blue well developed root system at the age of one hundred years old, the young root growth rapidly, under the condition of moisture abundance, grow 3～4 centimetres every day, so, in the seedling curing period of orchid at the age of one hundred years old, 1 centimetre ponding must be arranged at the bottom of cultivation tray, and after seedlings root must be in and grow 63 days under the state of marsh, the top sprouting grew, after treating that cotyledon is about 3～5 centimetres, change big pot transplanting.
Embodiment 3
The sowing place: Zhong Shan botanical garden, Nanjing Nan Yuan is equipped with the greenhouse
Sowing time: on June 10th, 2008
Weather during sowing: fine
Environmental temperature during sowing: 38 ℃ of maximum temperatures, 25 ℃ of lowest temperature
Sowing time: on June 10th, 2007
1, carries out preparation before the sowing, to apparatus and seed disinfection: at first be ready to disinfection drug, the sowing apparatus basin that contacts in the sowing process, shovel etc. are carried out disinfection, use 2% potassium permanganate solution to soak 2 hours.It is very high that the seed of orchid at the age of one hundred years old contains grease, through trudging, very easily is subjected to courses of infection again, and the seed of use also will carry out disinfection, and the liquor potassic permanganate with 2% soaks after 2 hours and can use.
2, select the cultivation basin: apparatus and seed through sterilization will use immediately, avoid polluting once more.Sowing is unsuitable big with basin, and material requires ventilative boccaro or mud earthen basin best, and the tub wall height should be beneficial to root growth and the stretching, extension of orchid at the age of one hundred years old at 15 centimetres, bore at 7～8 centimetres of optimums;
3, configuration sowing soil: sowing is mixed the back use thoroughly with the running water that the red beautiful soil of the available 1 part big grain of soil, a big grain river sand, 1 part of granule pumice, 1 part of perlite, 0.5 part of ash add cleaning, can add a small amount of Bavistin in the water, soil requirement particle is big, water permeability good, ph value disinfecting about 7.4 and through strictness;
4, sowing: thicker stone grain on the basin heelpiece, put into the matrix for preparing, one in every basin, one of seed projection faces up, seed is put the multiple a spot of soil in back well seed is pushed down, water permeablely, keep corresponding air humidity and circulation of air, add a cover covering glass or film above, under the temperature of 34 ℃ of temperature, germinateed in 3～5 days, treat that seedling grows fully after, in time remove covering.
5, the management of seedling: seedling is without any need for the measure of shading, and needs strong sunlight direct projection, can anti-45 ℃ high temperature, and sunlight and high temperature can effectively suppress the infringement of aspergillus niger germ, are beneficial to seedling and grow up.Jede Woche uses the alternately pouring sterilization of potassium permanganate, carbendazim disinfectant simultaneously, keeps the corresponding air humidity of subenvironment.After treating the true leaf strong point, can add an amount of organic manure that becomes thoroughly decomposed in water, still, pay special attention to, the fertilizer of use will clean, totally.
6, change pot transplanting: blue well developed root system at the age of one hundred years old, the young root growth rapidly, under the condition of moisture abundance, can grow every day 2～3 centimetres, so, in the seedling curing period of orchid at the age of one hundred years old, ponding about 1 centimetre must be arranged at the bottom of cultivation tray, and after seedlings root must be in and grow 66 days under the state of marsh, the top sprouting grew, after treating that cotyledon is about 2～3 centimetres, change big pot transplanting.
Claims (7)
1. sexual propagation method of welwitschia mirabilis, this method comprises the steps:
A, strict sterilization prevent pathogen transmission: use potassium permanganate solution to soak to the basin that uses, blue seed demand at the age of one hundred years old;
B, selection cultivation basin: basin requires the ventilative material and the shape of high pin, is beneficial to the root growth and the stretching, extension of blue prosperity at the age of one hundred years old;
The selection of C, sowing soil: dispose soil in proportion, soil requirement particle is big, water permeability good, the ph value being disinfected 7-8 and process strictness;
The selection on D, sowing opportunity: the air themperature during blue planting seed at the age of one hundred years old is carried out under 4～6 days environmental condition at 25～35 ℃, continuous sunny;
E, type of seeding: one in every basin, one of seed projection faces up;
The management of F, seedling: the back seedling that emerges grows in the environment of full exposure, is used in combination the alternately sterilization of potassium permanganate, carbendazim disinfectant;
G, change pot transplanting: seedlings root must be grown 60-70 days under the state of marsh, changed big pot transplanting.
2. sexual propagation method of welwitschia mirabilis according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the seed disinfection of use can be used after 2 hours with the potassium permanganate solution immersion of 1.5-2%; The potassium permanganate solution that the basin that contacts during simultaneously, to sowing and shovelman's tool all will use 1.5-2% soaks sterilization in 2 hours.
3. sexual propagation method of welwitschia mirabilis according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the basin of selection require ventilative, in high 15 centimetres, bore shape at 7～8 centimetres.
4. sexual propagation method of welwitschia mirabilis according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: sowing is mixed the back use thoroughly, a small amount of Bavistin of adding in the water with configuration soil with the running water that the 2 parts big red beautiful soil of grain, 2 parts of granule pumices, 0.5 part of ash add cleaning in proportion.
5. sexual propagation method of welwitschia mirabilis according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: blue seed at the age of one hundred years old carries the aspergillus niger germ, and the sowing time is selected in the weather of sunny drying, avoids overcast and rainy, to the plum rain season of continuous wet weather, avoid the excessive pollution seed of air humidity.
6. sexual propagation method of welwitschia mirabilis according to claim 1 is characterized in that: cover a spot of soil after seed is put well seed is pushed down, water permeablely, keep corresponding air humidity and circulation of air.
7. sexual propagation method of welwitschia mirabilis according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the seedling aubergine after sprouting, become green after 3～5 days gradually, seedling places under the natural lighting, in the environment of full exposure, grow, can effectively suppress the infringement of aspergillus niger germ, and jede Woche need use the alternately pouring sterilization of potassium permanganate, carbendazim disinfectant, keep corresponding air humidity.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2008101549557A CN101385431B (en) | 2008-10-30 | 2008-10-30 | Sexual multiplication method of Welwitschia mirabilis |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN2008101549557A CN101385431B (en) | 2008-10-30 | 2008-10-30 | Sexual multiplication method of Welwitschia mirabilis |
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| CN101385431A CN101385431A (en) | 2009-03-18 |
| CN101385431B true CN101385431B (en) | 2010-10-27 |
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| CN2008101549557A Expired - Fee Related CN101385431B (en) | 2008-10-30 | 2008-10-30 | Sexual multiplication method of Welwitschia mirabilis |
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Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104737758B (en) * | 2015-03-30 | 2017-07-11 | 中国科学院华南植物园 | A kind of seed seedling-raising method of Companumoea root |
| CN105830856A (en) * | 2016-06-21 | 2016-08-10 | 云南普洱香乘生物科技有限公司 | Method for cultivating high-quality Lignum Aquilariae Resinatum saplings by utilizing secondary sapling cultivating pots |
| CN106359052A (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2017-02-01 | 界首市金玖江农业发展有限公司 | High-survival-rate seedling growing method for koelreuteria paniculata |
| CN106358946A (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2017-02-01 | 界首市金玖江农业发展有限公司 | High-survival-rate photinia serrulata planting method |
| CN106358945A (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2017-02-01 | 界首市金玖江农业发展有限公司 | Planting method of koelreuteria paniculata |
| CN111699944A (en) * | 2020-06-24 | 2020-09-25 | 浙江来点花草生态环境有限公司 | Chinese orchid self-irrigation pot cultivation medium |
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