CN104718952B - A kind of Rice Cropping moisture management method for improving paddy field with ponded water in winter reservoir storage - Google Patents
A kind of Rice Cropping moisture management method for improving paddy field with ponded water in winter reservoir storage Download PDFInfo
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- CN104718952B CN104718952B CN201510149982.5A CN201510149982A CN104718952B CN 104718952 B CN104718952 B CN 104718952B CN 201510149982 A CN201510149982 A CN 201510149982A CN 104718952 B CN104718952 B CN 104718952B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/20—Cereals
- A01G22/22—Rice
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of Rice Cropping water management method for improving paddy field with ponded water in winter reservoir storage, it is that, in transplanting time to tillering stage, control water level in paddy field is in 3 6cm；In tillering stage to boot stage, water level in paddy field is maintained within 20cm；In boot stage to the maturity period, water level in paddy field is maintained within 6cm.Further technical scheme is that transplanting time to tillering regularity, water level in paddy field is 3 6cm；Tillering regularity to boot stage, water level in paddy field is maintained within 20cm.The present invention is since tillering regularity, on the premise of paddy growth is not influenceed, improve the upper limit of rice field water irrigating depth, so as to utilize the rich Pluvial, accumulation natural precipitation resource, reduces rain water runoff to greatest extent, improve rice field reservoir storage, rice field drought-resistant ability is improved, rice field is reduced and is poured water cost, cost-saving synergistic effect is obvious.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the water management method of Rice Cropping, and in particular to a kind of moisture content for paddy field with ponded water in winter Rice Cropping
Management method, to improve the reservoir storage of paddy field with ponded water in winter.
Background technology
Paddy field with ponded water in winter refers to the rice field of retaining winter, the rice cultivation coming year, is the unique class rice field in Southwestern China area, its
The origin cause of formation is that the region water conservancy irrigation conditions is poor, and water is needed and long-term existence to ensure that paddy rice next year is transplanted seedlings.Focus primarily upon Sichuan, weight
Celebrating, long-term winter water（It is not busy）Field maintains 10,000,000 mu or so, and paddy field cultivation system is with " paddy field with ponded water in winter --- Hybrid Rice or regeneration
Based on rice ".River, Chongqing below the m of hills height above sea level 400 are along river Valley area, 17-18.5 DEG C of temperature on average, >=10 DEG C of active accumulated temperature
5000-6200 DEG C, sunshine time 1200-1400 hours year, annual rainfall 1000-1200mm, but season distribution is uneven, causes season
Section property arid takes place frequently, as the summer in May is non-irrigated, the high temperature dry season long-term late July to early August.
Paddy field with ponded water in winter area Hybrid Rice field growth period in the August early and middle ten dayses of April first arrival by the end of March, if the rice field of accumulation ratooning rice
October early and middle ten dayses will be deferred to., it is necessary to meet the water management requirement of different bearing stage during whole paddy growth,
Rice high yield can be obtained.What is implemented on paddy field with ponded water in winter at present is rice high yield water consumpation administrative skill generally acknowledged both at home and abroad, i.e.,：
1st, transplanting time-tillering stage：Water level in paddy field is maintained at 3-6cm, to promote being revival from transplanting for rice shoot, while shallow water position
Be conducive to the early growth and quick tiller of low position tiller, improve tillering capacity；And work as rice seedling and reach tillering regularity（That is rice shoot number reaches 120,000/mu
Left and right）When, field drying control rice, the generation the purpose is to suppress ineffective tillering improves the percentage of earbearing tiller, and shallow irrigation is compared in field drying control rice treatment
Treatment reduces tiller 12.3%, and the percentage of earbearing tiller improves 15.8%.
2nd, tillering stage-boot stage：Water level in paddy field is maintained at the shallow water position of 3cm or so, is needed with the moisture for ensureing ear differentiation
Ask.
3rd, boot stage-maturity period：Field face keeps moisture state or alternation of wetting and drying.
This early stage（Transplanting-tiller）Deep water is turned green, enough seedling dry fields, mid-term（Spike development-booting）Shallow irrigation, later stage
（Booting-maturation）The paddy field moisture administrative skill of alternation of wetting and drying, although be conducive to rice high yield, but greatly reduce paddy field with ponded water in winter
Reservoir storage, waste substantial amounts of rainwater resource.Because in the rich Pluvial of the 5-8 months, such as pressing High-yielding paddy field pipe water technology, it is desirable to rice
Field keeps shallow water or alternation of wetting and drying, so that substantial amounts of rainfall is lost in, and when the high temperature dry season arrives, rice field is poured water source without guarantor
Drought resisting, needs pumping irrigation to increase planting cost.
The content of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is that the deficiency proposed for above-mentioned prior art, there is provided a kind of to ensure rice high yield
Under the premise of, the paddy field moisture management new technology of paddy field with ponded water in winter reservoir storage is improved to greatest extent, it can improve paddy field with ponded water in winter in rice seed
Reservoir storage during plant, improves rice field drought-resistant ability, reduces rice field and pours water cost.
To achieve these goals, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is such：
A kind of Rice Cropping water management method for improving paddy field with ponded water in winter reservoir storage, specially：
1st, to tillering stage, water level in paddy field is maintained at 3-6cm to transplanting time；
2nd, tillering stage to boot stage, water level in paddy field is maintained within 20cm；
3rd, boot stage to the maturity period, water level in paddy field is maintained within 6cm.
Further technical scheme is that transplanting time to tillering regularity, water level in paddy field is 3-6cm；Tillering regularity to boot stage,
Water level in paddy field is maintained within 20cm.
Transplanting time refers to the date that rice seedling is transplanted to crop field from seedbed, after transplanting seedlings are revival from transplanting such as condition is suitable
Preferably, you can stretch out new strain from the axillary bud of false basal part of stem axil, this just cries tiller.Tillering stage refers to crop field after rice seedling is transplanted
Unit area seedling number reaches the period of peak.It is that tiller is contained when the period that seedling number reaches needed for high yield 80% or so of number of productive ear
Phase, the most energy Cheng Sui of the tiller grown before tillering regularity, therefore be effective tillering, and the tiller occurred after tillering regularity,
Majority stops growing in midway and can not go out fringe, really wastes nutrient, is ineffective tillering.Therefore further technology of the invention
Scheme is to begin to improve the control water water level in rice field after tillering regularity to 20cm, and the hair of ineffective tillering is suppressed using deep water control seedling
It is raw, improve the percentage of earbearing tiller.Detected through the present inventor, deep water control seedling reduces tiller 18.6% than shallow irrigation treatment, and the percentage of earbearing tiller improves
22.1%。
In transplanting time to tillering regularity, consistent compared with technology, water level in paddy field is maintained at 3-6cm to the present invention, to promote seedling
Seedling is revival from transplanting, and beneficial to the early growth and quick tiller of low position tiller, improves tillering capacity；And in tillering regularity to boot stage, rice field
Water level is maintained within 20cm, and the water level ensure that the moisture content demand of ear differentiation, is degenerated without obvious grain husk flower, grain number per spike with
Prior art quite, does not interfere with the yield of paddy rice, while being conducive to controlling ineffective tillering in the case of deep water, improves the percentage of earbearing tiller
With form big fringe and high yield, therefore 3cm shallow waters position compared with technology is compared, and the present invention can accumulation to greatest extent during this period
Natural precipitation resource, reduces rain water runoff, and also for arid takes place frequently the period during this, prior art is due to 3cm shallow waters position, rice
Field needs pumping irrigation without unnecessary retaining, and the present invention is high due to water level, and there is water storing fighting drought in rice field, without drawing water, has saved irrigation
Cost；During boot stage to the maturity period, present invention also improves water level in paddy field to 6cm, confirm through inventor's many experiments, paddy field water
Position does not influence when within 6cm on root growth, and yield is also suitable with prior art.
It is of the invention to there is notable difference with existing water management technology：Pipe water technology mode of the present invention for " it is shallow-deep-
It is deep-shallow ", the big portion's time paddy field moisture control in rice field greatly reduces rain water runoff in 6-20cm；And traditional high yield pipe water skill
Art pattern is then " shallow-dry-shallow-wet ", and rice field mid-term and overwhelming majority time in later stage are arid or moistening pipe water state, and
This phase on the occasion of the rich Pluvial of mid or late May-early August, unnecessary rain water runoff, and the drought resisting that need to be drawn water when meeting the high temperature dry season.
Therefore the present invention on the premise of paddy growth is not influenceed, improves rice field water irrigating depth since tillering regularity
The upper limit so that using the rich Pluvial, accumulation natural precipitation resource, reduces rain water runoff to greatest extent, improves rice field reservoir storage,
Rice field drought-resistant ability is improved, rice field is reduced and is poured water cost, cost-saving synergistic effect is obvious.
Specific embodiment
In order to be more clearly understood from the purpose of the present invention, technical scheme and beneficial effect, with reference to specific embodiment
The present invention is described further, but not by protection scope of the present invention restriction in the examples below.
First, the present invention and traditional high yield pipe water technology contrast test：
Pilot production was carried out in 2014 in the scientific and technological engineering mimoir area of Luxian County Tian Xing towns paddy rice high yield.Selection area 2.8-
3.5 mu of 4 pieces of rice fields, are first bisected into two pieces by every piece of rice field, and making the ridge (ridge 50 cm high, 60 cm wide) with mud separates, and test water
Rice varieties are Hybrid Rice kind（Interior perfume excellent 8514）, seedling raising mannerses, Honda transplant seedlings density, dose and insect pest preventing and controlling etc. cultivation
Administrative skill is identical, only carries out the inventive method with traditional two kinds of same fields of Rice Cropping moisture management technology of high yield pipe water
Contrast test.
From result of the test（Table 1）It can be seen that, the rice yield of two kinds of pipe water technologies is close, but effect of the present invention is substantially than tradition
High yield pipe water technology is good.Main performance is, the present invention because under the premise of ensureing that rice high yield needs water, accumulation rain to greatest extent
A water is not taken out in water and other waters, whole rice growing season, and traditional high yield pipe water technology is not because by the rich Pluvial
Rainfall accumulation, and drawn water 1 time because of rice field arid in mid-July.And paddy field water deep feeling condition, rice field of the present invention are being observed by the end of November
Ridge block has retaining, can guarantee that to transplant seedlings next year substantially and uses water, and there are 3 pieces of droughts in traditional high yield pipe water technology rice field, and 1 piece has
Can shoaling layer, ensure to transplant seedlings with water, it is necessary to have a certain amount of rainfall coming winter-spring period next year.
2nd, with water in field depth validation test：
Paddy field moisture management is under the important technology of rice high yield.Past more researcher think water level in paddy field it is more low more
Be conducive to rice high yield, it is difficult to expect ensure do not influence rice yield under the premise of improve to greatest extent paddy growth mid-term and
The water level problem in later stage.Therefore, present inventor is in advance by a large amount of strict potted plant Control experiments of water level depth, researched and proposed with
The maximum control water depth of upper rice high yield key growing stage.In order to confirm its reliability under field cultivating condition.Enter one
The cement pit that step divides four pieces equally on same rice field is tested, and the experiment rice varieties are Hybrid Rice kind（Interior perfume is excellent
8514）, seedling raising mannerses, the Honda cultivation management technologies such as density, dose and insect pest preventing and controlling that transplant seedlings are identical, simply its moisture content
Management method is as described below：
Gained rice yield is：
As seen from the above table, test process 1 are suitable with the yield of test process 2, and the yield of test process 3,4 substantially subtracts
It is few, thus also can not be simply improve paddy field cultivation water level to improve rice field water requirement, and rice yield is ignored, through this
Inventor combines Rice Cropping experience and technology, and the highest in Rice Cropping each period is confirmed by creative thinking experiment
Water level, had not both influenceed the yield of paddy rice, and rice field reservoir storage is also improve to greatest extent, improved rice field drought-resistant ability.
Claims (2)
1. it is a kind of improve paddy field with ponded water in winter reservoir storage Rice Cropping moisture management method, it is in transplanting time to tillering stage, water level in paddy field
It is maintained at 3-6cm, it is characterised in that：In tillering stage to boot stage, water level in paddy field is maintained at 20cm；Boot stage to maturity period, rice field
Water level is maintained at 6cm.
2. a kind of Rice Cropping moisture management method for improving paddy field with ponded water in winter reservoir storage according to claim 1, its feature exists
In：To tillering regularity, water level in paddy field is 3-6cm to transplanting time；Tillering regularity to boot stage, water level in paddy field is maintained at 20cm.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201510149982.5A CN104718952B (en) | 2015-01-21 | 2015-04-01 | A kind of Rice Cropping moisture management method for improving paddy field with ponded water in winter reservoir storage |
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| CN2015100295356 | 2015-01-21 | ||
| CN201510029535 | 2015-01-21 | ||
| CN201510149982.5A CN104718952B (en) | 2015-01-21 | 2015-04-01 | A kind of Rice Cropping moisture management method for improving paddy field with ponded water in winter reservoir storage |
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| CN104718952B true CN104718952B (en) | 2017-06-20 |
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| CN111587751A (en) * | 2020-05-22 | 2020-08-28 | 四川省农业科学院水稻高粱研究所 | Annual water management method for mechanized planting of rice-ratoon rice in winter paddy field |
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| KR101075121B1 (en) * | 2008-09-12 | 2011-10-19 | 괴산군 | Method for forming picture of rice field using colored rice |
| CN102246678B (en) * | 2011-06-18 | 2014-04-30 | 吉林农业大学 | Rice water-saving cultivation method for soda salinized soil |
| RU2487530C2 (en) * | 2011-09-12 | 2013-07-20 | Государственное научное учреждение Всероссийский научно-исследовательский институт риса Российской академии сельскохозяйственных наук (ГНУ ВНИИ риса Россельхозакадемии) | Method of rice irrigation |
| CN102630539B (en) * | 2012-05-07 | 2013-09-25 | 浙江省水利河口研究院 | Method for irrigating rice by appropriately utilizing rainwater |
| CN102726264B (en) * | 2012-07-16 | 2013-06-05 | 姚宏亮 | Mechanically-mulching cultivation method of organic rice |
| CN102771356A (en) * | 2012-07-26 | 2012-11-14 | 河海大学 | Efficient water-saving cultivation method for rice in cold areas |
| CN102934579B (en) * | 2012-11-22 | 2014-01-15 | 四川省农业科学院水稻高粱研究所 | Paddy direct planting method for flooded paddy field and winter-free paddy field |
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