CN106171386A - A kind of Arid Regions of Northern dense planting crop micro-ridge mulch bunch planting collection rain cultural method - Google Patents
A kind of Arid Regions of Northern dense planting crop micro-ridge mulch bunch planting collection rain cultural method Download PDFInfo
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- CN106171386A CN106171386A CN201610528825.XA CN201610528825A CN106171386A CN 106171386 A CN106171386 A CN 106171386A CN 201610528825 A CN201610528825 A CN 201610528825A CN 106171386 A CN106171386 A CN 106171386A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
- A01G13/02—Protective coverings for plants; Coverings for the ground; Devices for laying-out or removing coverings
- A01G13/0256—Ground coverings
- A01G13/0268—Mats or sheets, e.g. nets or fabrics
- A01G13/0275—Films
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
Abstract
A kind of Arid Regions of Northern dense planting crop micro-ridge mulch bunch planting collection rain cultural method, comprises the following steps: (1) basal dressing: mu executes purity nitrogen 8～10 kilograms, pure phosphorus 6～8 kilograms, pure potassium 2～4 kilograms；(2) earthing in ridging overlay film furrow: ridging specification is row spacing 20cm, furrow width 20cm, ridge high 10～15cm, ground full-film covering, on furrow inner membrance, earthing 1～2cm is thick；(3) bunch planting in furrow: machinery bunch planting in furrow, drought-hit area dense planting crop seed level 2～5cm, cave away from 12cm, 3～12/every cave, application rate be 11～450,000/mu.The present invention is remarkably improved yield and the WUEL of the dense planting crops such as spring wheat, linum, Brassica campestris L, and technology maturation, easily promotes, instant effect, has significant economic benefit, social benefit and ecological benefits for drought-hit area dense planting arable farming.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of Arid Regions of Northern dense planting crop cultivation methods, be specifically related to a kind of Arid Regions of Northern dense planting crop
Micro-ridge mulch bunch planting collection rain cultural method.
Background technology
Dry farming is the important kind of China's agricultural production, is concentrated mainly on northern area, and drought and water shortage and spring
Low temperature is the two big main causes causing Arid Regions of Northern crops low yield.Therefore, making full use of limited rainfall resource is the north
The key link of Dry Farmland management, rational tillage planting type, increase covered ground, to reduce the measure such as invalid evaporation be to improve
The Basic Ways of farmland rainfall efficiency, development resisting drought saving water agricultural has become inevitable choice and the major premise of drought-resistant agriculture development.
At present, traditional conventional flat planting method, water utilization rate is the highest, weak effect of retaining and conserveing soil moisture, and crop yield is low.
To view of water cultivation technique, the most numerous studies.Such as full film double-furrow broadcast technology, full-film covering bed planting technology,
Bed planting furrow irrigation water-saving technology has also carried out large-scale demonstration and popularization and application, achieves obvious water-saving and yield-increasing effect, but more than
Technology is all that the dry farming for thin planting crop is catchmented cultivation technique, and such as Semen Maydis, Rhizoma Solani tuber osi, Helianthi etc., every mu of planting density is all
Below 10,000 strains；And accounted for sowing the 30% of the gross area dense planting crops such as northern China Dryland Semen Tritici aestivi, linum, Brassica campestris Ls
Left and right, the research how also carrying out view of water cultivation on dense planting crop is the fewest.Therefore, for Dryland dense planting crop yield
Lowly, the present situation that WUEL is the highest, it would be highly desirable to explore a kind of drought-hit area dense planting crop micro-ridge mulch bunch planting collection rain cultural method.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved is to provide a kind of high efficient utilization of water resources, have significantly collect rain, water-retention,
Soil moisture conservation effect, is remarkably improved dense planting crop micro-ridge, Dryland mulch bunch planting collection hydroponics of crop yield and WUEL
Method.
The present invention solves its technical problem and employed technical scheme comprise that, a kind of Arid Regions of Northern dense planting crop micro-ridge mulch bunch planting
Collection rain cultural method, comprises the following steps:
(1) basal dressing: mu executes purity nitrogen 8～10 kilograms, pure phosphorus 6～8 kilograms, pure potassium 2～4 kilograms；
(2) earthing in ridging overlay film furrow: ridging specification is row spacing 20cm, furrow width 20cm, ridge high 10～15cm, ground is complete
Film covers, and on furrow inner membrance, earthing 1～2cm is thick；
(3) bunch planting in furrow: bunch planting in furrow, drought-hit area dense planting crop seed level 2～5cm, cave away from 12cm, 3～12/every
Cave, application rate are 11～450,000/mu.
Further, in step (3), middle short-stalked variety Semen Tritici aestivi seed level 3～5cm, cave away from 12cm, 8～12/every cave, sowing
Amount is 30～450,000/mu；Middle short-stalked variety linum seed level 3～5cm, cave away from 12cm, 4～6/every cave, application rate be 15～
220000/mu；Brassica campestris L seed level 2～3cm, cave away from 12cm, 3～5/every cave, application rate be 11～180,000/mu.Manage in field
During reason, Semen Tritici aestivi, linum plant height less than 85cm, wheatland that, growing way big to colony is vigorous, linum field, spray in the jointing later stage
10% paclobutrazol wettable powder 750～900g/hm2, it is watered 1000kg spraying.
The present invention is planted by bunch planting in whole-ground plastic mulching and furrow, can form collection rain omnibearing, large-area
Face, ridge, is collected in inflow seed furrow by face, fully receives rainfall resource, makes precipitation obtain concentrating efficiently utilization,
Inhibit to limits the evaporation of soil moisture, protect and stored the water demand during crop growth, serve and press down steaming and subtract consumption, economize on water
The effect of drought resisting, thus substantially increase rainwater harvesting effect and soil moisture conservation, heat effect, thus the warming effect of ridging overlay film and
Press down steaming Effect for preservation of soil moisture and more optimize crop root growing environment, establish the units of production basis of spring wheat, linum and Brassica campestris L；Simultaneously
Furrow is conducive to field ventilation and penetrating light, it is possible to improve agricultural microclimate, optimizes photosynthesis environment, plays limit row to greatest extent
Advantage, improves grain number per spike, mass of 1000 kernel and plant resistance, can effectively solve North Dry and make district for a long time because arid, spring are low
The factor restrictions to dense planting crop production such as temperature；And technology maturation, easily to promote, instant effect, cultivation mode is applicable to average annual rainfall
Measure the dry farming rain-fed agriculture region dense planting arable farming 300～600mm and there is obvious economic benefit, social benefit and Ecological Effect
Benefit.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is illustrated further.
Embodiment 1
(1) fertilising: mu executes pure N 10 kilograms, pure P2O58 kilograms, pure K2O 6 kilograms, all fertilizer are complete before ridging overlay film
Portion applies as base manure.
(2) earthing in ridging overlay film furrow: after site preparation and fertilization, utilizes micro-ridge laminating machine to cover in carrying out ridging overlay film furrow
Soil, row spacing 20cm, furrow width 20cm, ridge high 10～15cm.
(3) bunch planting in furrow: with artificial hill-drop drill bunch planting 1 row in furrow middle short-stalked variety Semen Tritici aestivi resistant to lodging, cave away from
12cm, every cave 8～12, depth of planting 3～5cm, thickness of sowing 30～450,000/mu.
(4) field management: it should be noted that the vigorous easy lodging of mulch bunch planting Semen Tritici aestivi growing way of micro-ridge in management, plant height is not
More than 85cm, the wheatland that, growing way big to colony is vigorous, spray 10% paclobutrazol wettable powder 750～900g/ in the jointing later stage
Hm2, is watered 1000kg spraying, can effectively suppress internode elongation, make plant downgrade, and basal part of stem is thick and stiff, prevents lodging, other pipe
Reason measure and spring wheat tradition be flat, and to make mode identical.
Result shows, Arid Regions of Northern Semen Tritici aestivi micro-ridge mulch bunch planting catchments that cultural method and tradition are flat make method compared with, can make
Spring wheat significantly increases production 24.3%～26.8%, and WUEL significantly improves 30.4%～36.7%.
Embodiment 2
(1) fertilising: mu executes purity nitrogen 8 kilograms, 6 kilograms of pure phosphorus, and 2 kilograms of pure potassium, all fertilizer are all made before ridging overlay film
Base manure applies.
(2) earthing in ridging overlay film furrow: after site preparation and fertilization, in utilizing micro-ridge laminating machine to complete ridging overlay film ditch, earthing is made
Industry, it is desirable to row spacing 20cm, furrow width 20cm, ridge high 10～15cm.
(3) bunch planting in furrow: with artificial hill-drop drill bunch planting 1 row in furrow middle short-stalked variety linum resistant to lodging, cave away from
12cm, every cave 4～6, depth of planting 3～5cm, thickness of sowing 15～220,000/mu.
(4) field management: plant height is less than 70cm, the linum field that, growing way big to colony is vigorous, can use in the jointing later stage
10% paclobutrazol wettable powder 750～900g/hm2, is watered 1000kg spraying, can effectively suppress internode elongation, make plant
Downgrading, basal part of stem is thick and stiff, prevents lodging, and other control measures and linum tradition put down that to make mode identical.
Result shows, Arid Regions of Northern linum micro-ridge mulch bunch planting collection rain cultural method, compared with conventional strip broadcasting method, can make
Linum significantly increases production 37.8%～46.2%, and WUEL significantly improves 42.1%～53.8%.
Embodiment 3
(1) fertilising: mu executes purity nitrogen 8 kilograms, 6 kilograms of pure phosphorus, 4 kilograms of pure potassium, Borax 0.3kg, and all fertilizer cover at ridging
All apply as base manure before film.
(2) earthing in ridging overlay film furrow: after site preparation and fertilization, in utilizing micro-ridge laminating machine to complete ridging overlay film ditch, earthing is made
Industry, it is desirable to row spacing 20cm, furrow width 20cm, ridge high 10～15cm.
(3) bunch planting in furrow: with artificial hill-drop drill bunch planting 1 row Brassica campestris L in ditch, cave away from 12cm, every cave 3～5, sowing
The degree of depth 2～3cm, thickness of sowing 11～180,000/mu.
(4) field management: control measures are identical with Brassica campestris L conventional strip broadcast mode.
Result shows, winter rape micro-ridge mulch bunch planting collection rain cultural method, compared with conventional strip broadcasting method, can make winter rape
Volume increase about 26.2%, WUEL significantly improves about 29.8%.
Claims (2)
1. dense planting crop micro-ridge, Arid Regions of Northern mulch bunch planting collection rain cultural method, it is characterised in that
Comprise the following steps:
(1) basal dressing: mu executes purity nitrogen 8～10 kilograms, pure phosphorus 6～8 kilograms, pure potassium 2～4 kilograms；
(2) earthing in ridging overlay film furrow: ridging specification is row spacing 20cm, furrow width 20cm, ridge high 10～15cm, the full film in ground covers
Lid, on furrow inner membrance, earthing 1～2cm is thick；
(3) bunch planting in furrow: machinery bunch planting in furrow, drought-hit area dense planting crop seed level 2～5cm, cave away from 12cm, 3～12/every
Cave, application rate are 11～450,000/mu.
Dense planting crop in Arid Regions of Northern the most according to claim 1 micro-ridge mulch bunch planting collection rain cultural method, it is characterised in that
In step (3), middle short-stalked variety Semen Tritici aestivi seed level 3～5cm, cave away from 12cm, 8～12/every cave, application rate be 30～450,000/
Mu；Middle short-stalked variety linum seed level 3～5cm, cave away from 12cm, 4～6/every cave, application rate be 15～220,000/mu；Rapeseed sowing
Deep 2～3cm, cave away from 12cm, 3～5/every cave, application rate be 11～180,000/mu；When field management, Semen Tritici aestivi, linum
Plant height is less than 85cm, wheatland that, growing way big to colony is vigorous, linum field, sprays 10% paclobutrazol wettability in the jointing later stage
Powder 750～900g/hm2, it is watered 1000kg spraying.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108184570A (en) * | 2018-01-26 | 2018-06-22 | 河北农业大学 | A kind of ridge culture trench planting melon planting method of polywater collection fertilizer |
| CN112042352A (en) * | 2020-09-02 | 2020-12-08 | 甘肃省农业科学院旱地农业研究所 | Efficient fertilization method for winter wheat by dry land full-film micro-ridge furrow sowing |
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| CN202153830U (en) * | 2011-07-06 | 2012-03-07 | 李全 | Adjustable full film covering multiple ridge and furrow integrated machine |
| CN103636381A (en) * | 2013-11-29 | 2014-03-19 | 张忠福 | Micro-ridge film-covering hole sowing water-saving cultivation method for closely planted crops in irrigation areas |
| CN203504970U (en) * | 2013-08-26 | 2014-04-02 | 山丹县康庄农牧机械有限公司 | Whole-film micro-ridge film-covering and soil-covering machine |
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Patent Citations (3)
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| CN202153830U (en) * | 2011-07-06 | 2012-03-07 | 李全 | Adjustable full film covering multiple ridge and furrow integrated machine |
| CN203504970U (en) * | 2013-08-26 | 2014-04-02 | 山丹县康庄农牧机械有限公司 | Whole-film micro-ridge film-covering and soil-covering machine |
| CN103636381A (en) * | 2013-11-29 | 2014-03-19 | 张忠福 | Micro-ridge film-covering hole sowing water-saving cultivation method for closely planted crops in irrigation areas |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108184570A (en) * | 2018-01-26 | 2018-06-22 | 河北农业大学 | A kind of ridge culture trench planting melon planting method of polywater collection fertilizer |
| CN112042352A (en) * | 2020-09-02 | 2020-12-08 | 甘肃省农业科学院旱地农业研究所 | Efficient fertilization method for winter wheat by dry land full-film micro-ridge furrow sowing |
| CN112042352B (en) * | 2020-09-02 | 2022-03-22 | 甘肃省农业科学院旱地农业研究所 | Efficient fertilization method for winter wheat by dry land full-film micro-ridge furrow sowing |
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Application publication date: 20161207 |