CN111789021B

CN111789021B - Method for promoting overwintering cultivation of succulent plants in south China

Info

Publication number: CN111789021B
Application number: CN202010674257.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 陈艺荃; 叶秀仙; 樊荣辉; 林兵; 潘宏
Original assignee: Institute of Agricultural Engineering Technology of Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences; CROP Research Institute of Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences
Current assignee: Institute of Agricultural Engineering Technology of Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences; CROP Research Institute of Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences
Priority date: 2020-07-14
Filing date: 2020-07-14
Publication date: 2022-04-26
Anticipated expiration: 2040-07-14
Also published as: CN111789021A

Abstract

The invention provides a method for promoting the over-summer cultivation of succulent plants in south China, which comprises the following steps of 1: planting in a ground-isolated bed, placing a planting pot on a planting bed, planting succulent potted seedlings by using a culture medium, and then paving granular soil to stabilize and shape the plants; watering after field planting to ensure that the culture medium is thoroughly watered; the planting environment is at a temperature of 20-28 ℃, ventilation is carried out, the relative humidity is 50-60%, shading is carried out for 6-9 months, and the shading rate is 50-60%; step 2, irrigation: watering once every 7-10 days after field planting, and spraying the rhizome parts of the plants to avoid watering to the leaf surfaces; spraying basic nutrient solution on the stem and leaf surfaces of the plants and irrigating the roots for 1 time every month within 3-6 months; and spraying the plant stems and leaf surfaces with the reinforced nutrient solution and irrigating the roots for 1 time every month between 7 and 9 months. The invention can cultivate strong plants and root systems, improve the resistance of succulent plants, provide a good nutrient substance foundation for succulent over-the-summer cultivation, promote normal growth in summer, improve the excellent grade of the appearance and reduce the over-the-summer death rate.

Description

Method for promoting overwintering cultivation of succulent plants in south China

[ technical field ] A method for producing a semiconductor device

The invention belongs to the technical field of garden plant planting and cultivation, and particularly relates to a cultivation method for promoting succulent plants in south China to cross summer.

[ background of the invention ]

Succulent plants (Succulites) are new ornamental plants which are popular at home and abroad, and the market demand rises year by year. The succulent plants have plump fleshy stem leaves, delicate and lovely appearance, leaf-looking and flower-looking, beautiful and rich leaf colors, change frequently along with temperature and illumination difference, have long flowering phase and are preferred landscape flowers for landscape landscaping and home gardening. In recent years, a large number of new varieties of succulent plants have been introduced domestically from the united states, europe, japan, korea, etc. to meet market demand.

The original producing area of succulent plants is the desert and half-desert area of North America, Mexico and Africa, and the difference with the climate condition of southern areas in China is larger. The air humidity in summer in the part of coastal areas of southeast China reaches 70% -80%, exceeds the air humidity suitable for succulent growth, succulent plants are easy to grow diseases and insect pests, a large number of succulent plants with strong ornamental property, bright color and high grade are easy to infect the diseases and insect pests in summer, and the death rate in summer of some famous and succulent new varieties introduced abroad is high, so that introduction and popularization are difficult, and great economic loss is brought to planters.

The growth season of succulent plants is spring and autumn, and most succulent plants have the problems of slow growth speed, light leaf color, excessive growth of plants, reduced ornamental quality, weak disease and insect resistance and the like when the temperature exceeds 35 ℃ in summer. The summer of the southeast coastal areas of China is mostly high-temperature and high-humidity climate, the highest temperature of 7-8 months often exceeds 35 ℃, strong typhoon and heavy rain weather still exist in 9 months, and the difference with the original producing areas of succulent plants which are dry and have little rain is obvious. The succulent plants cultivated conventionally in summer in south have weak growth vigor and high death rate, and particularly, when the plants are watered in summer, roots are easy to rot, so that the succulent plants are one of the important reasons for death in summer. The existing commonly used succulent matrix is not loose enough and breathable enough, has incomplete nutrient components and is not beneficial to the growth and development of succulent plant roots; most of conventional succulent plant nutrient solution formulas are general formulas, nutrient elements are unbalanced, and rooting and antibacterial effects are relatively lacking. Therefore, the overwintering cultivation of succulent plants in southern areas of China becomes a technical key. By improving the succulent overwintering culture medium and the nutrient solution formula, the cultivation measures are optimized, the stress resistance is improved, the death rate is reduced, the overwintering technical problem of succulent plants in the southeast coastal region of China is solved, and the method has important practical significance.

The conventional commonly used succulent culture medium is prepared by mainly using common garden soil and humus, partially adding granular soil and ceramic granules and mixing, and has the advantages of single component, insufficient nutrition, easy hardening, 55.69-63.67% of succulent over summer survival rate, easy falling of leaves, less number of new germinated leaves (different varieties), weak growth vigor and reduced ornamental value.

[ summary of the invention ]

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a method for promoting the over-summer cultivation of succulent plants in southern areas of China, which comprises the matched technical measures of optimization of cultivation facilities, blending improvement of various cultivation substrates, nutrient solution formula, irrigation method and the like, creates a cultivation environment suitable for the growth of succulent plants in summer, supplements nutrient elements required for the growth of succulent plants, inhibits bacteria and sterilizes bacteria, cultivates robust plants and root systems, improves the resistance of the succulent plants, provides a good nutrient substance basis for the over-summer cultivation of the succulent plants, promotes the normal growth of the succulent plants in summer, improves the excellent grade of the quality and reduces the over-summer death rate.

The invention is realized by the following steps:

a method for promoting overwintering cultivation of succulent plants in south China comprises the following steps:

step 1, planting: planting in a ground-isolated and bed-built way, placing a planting pot on a planting bed, planting succulent potted seedlings in the planting pot by using a culture medium, and then uniformly paving granular soil on the surface of pot soil to enable plants to be stable and shaped; watering after field planting to ensure that the culture medium is thoroughly watered;

the planting environment is at a temperature of 20-28 ℃, ventilation is carried out, the relative humidity of air is 50-60%, shading is carried out for 6-9 months, and shading rate is 50-60%;

the culture medium comprises the following components in parts by weight: 40-50 parts of mushroom soil, 30-40 parts of water moss, 20-30 parts of peat, 10-20 parts of coconut husk, 10-20 parts of coal cinder, 10-15 parts of ceramic particles, 8-10 parts of green zeolite, 7-9 parts of volcanic rock, 6-8 parts of chrysolite, 5-7 parts of medical stone and 4-6 parts of corbicula fluminea shell powder;

step 2, irrigation: watering once every 7-10 days after field planting, and spraying the rhizome parts of the plants to avoid watering to the leaf surfaces; spraying basic nutrient solution on the stem and leaf surfaces of the plant and irrigating the roots for 1 time within 3-6 months, and irrigating for 3-4 times; spraying the plant stems and leaf surfaces with the reinforced nutrient solution and irrigating the roots for 1 time in each month for 3 times in 7-9 months;

the basic nutrient solution comprises the following components in percentage by weight: KNO₃ 500～600mg/L，MgSO₄·7H₂O 250～350mg/L，KH₂PO₄ 200～300mg/L，K₂SO₄ 150～250mg/L，Ca(NO₃)₂·4H₂O 200～300mg/L，EDTA-Na₂ 30～40mg/L，FeSO₄·7H₂O 20～30mg/L，MnSO₄·4H₂O 15～25mg/L，ZnSO₄·7H₂O 5～10mg/L，H₃BO₃ 2.5～3.5mg/L，CuSO₄·5H₂O 0.05～0.08mg/L，Na₂MOO₄·2H₂0.03-0.06 mg/L of O, 100-150 mg/L of NAA, 50-100 mg/L of IBA, 6-12 mg/L of Yipeilong and 20-40 mg/L of carbendazim, and the pH value is adjusted to 5.5-6.0;

the reinforced nutrient solution comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 300-500 mg/L Huabao No. 1, 10-15 mg/L Yipelong, 40-60 mg/L carbendazim and 30-50 mg/L cycocel.

Further, in the step 1, 50-60 cm above the ground is planted in a lapping bed, non-woven fabrics are paved on the planting bed for heat insulation, and the planting pot is placed on the non-woven fabrics of the planting bed.

Further, the particle sizes of the components in the culture medium are as follows:

the grain size of the coal cinder is 5-7 mm; the particle size of the ceramic particles is 10-12 mm; the average particle size of the green zeolite, the volcanic rock, the yellow gold stone and the medical stone is 4-6 mm; the particle size of the Corbicula fluminea shell powder is 3-5 mm.

Further, the culture medium comprises the following components:

soaking the sphagna in water for 30-40 min, removing impurities, fishing out after sufficient water absorption, slightly wringing, and cutting into small sections for later use; the coconut chaff is salt-free coconut brick, and the coconut brick is soaked in water and dried for standby; cleaning the coal cinder to remove sulfur for later use; cleaning the rest components for later use;

the components are mixed according to the proportion by parts, stirred evenly and used after being disinfected by carbendazim.

Further, during planting, a layer of ceramsite with the thickness of 12-20 mm is uniformly paved on the bottom of the planting pot, then the culture medium is paved, and finally the granular soil with the thickness of 8-12 mm is uniformly paved on the culture medium.

Further, the granular soil is at least one of green zeolite, volcanic rock, gold stone and medical stone.

Further, after field planting, spraying the diluted pesticide to leaf surfaces and stems every 15-20 days for 3-9 months, and timely cutting off fleshy flower arrows; once the black rot of the leaves is found, the rotten parts are cut off by a blade disinfected by alcohol in time.

The invention has the following advantages:

the invention provides preparation of a succulent plant over-summer planting bed in the south, components of an improved cultivation medium, a succulent over-summer nutrient solution formula and an irrigation method, creates a cultivation environment suitable for succulent growth in summer, supplements nutrient elements required for succulent growth, inhibits bacteria and sterilizes bacteria, can effectively promote succulent root growth, improves plant type, increases color, inhibits bacteria and resists diseases, and stabilizes succulent growth in the south in summer. The succulent plants cultivated by the method are easy to grow in summer, high in survival rate and excellent in quality, the formula of the substrate and the nutrient solution is easy to obtain, the cost is low, the cultivation method is convenient to operate, and the method has good effects of improving the succulent over-the-summer capability in the south and reducing the succulent over-the-summer death rate.

[ description of the drawings ]

The invention will be further described with reference to the following examples with reference to the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 1 is a diagram of the status of succulent plants planted by the method of example 1 of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the status of succulent plants planted by the method of comparative example 1.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the status of succulent plants planted by the method of comparative example 2.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the status of succulent plants planted by the method of comparative example 3.

FIG. 5 is a diagram of the status of succulent plants planted by the method of example 2 of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a diagram showing the status of succulent plants planted by the method of comparative example 4.

FIG. 7 is a diagram showing the status of succulent plants planted by the method of comparative example 5.

FIG. 8 is a state diagram of succulent plants planted by the method of comparative example 6.

[ detailed description ] embodiments

The present invention will be further described with reference to the following embodiments.

Example 1

The succulent variety selected in the example is 'Ping Pong Funian' (Cotyledon orbiculata cv), the polypide plant of the silver Bolbophyllum of Crassulaceae is a horticultural variety of 'Funian', the leaves are blunt and round in rod shape, the leaves are grey and thin villi with grey color bands after sufficient illumination, the appearance is peculiar, the commodity value is high, the suitable growth temperature is 15-25 ℃, and the heat resistance is weak.

(1) Selecting 50 healthy and disease and insect pest-free 'Ping Pong Funiang' potted seedlings with consistent growth vigor, properly trimming root systems, spraying carbendazim on the whole plant according to the ratio of 1:800, placing the plant in a cool and ventilated place, and airing for 3 days for later use.

(2) The culture medium comprises the following components: 40 parts of mushroom soil, 40 parts of sphagna, 20 parts of peat, 15 parts of coconut coir, 15 parts of coal cinder, 10 parts of ceramsite, 9 parts of green zeolite, 8 parts of volcanic rock, 7 parts of chrysolite, 6 parts of medical stone and 4 parts of corbicula fluminea shell powder. Selecting mushroom soil used for locally producing the agaricus bisporus; the water moss is Chilean dry water moss; the peat is Danish peat.

(3) Soaking the water moss in water for 30-40 min, removing impurities such as wood rods and scraps, taking out the water moss after fully absorbing water, slightly wringing the water moss, and cutting the water moss into small sections of about 8cm for later use. The coal cinder is cleaned twice and sieved for standby. Washing, drying and mashing corbicula fluminea shells in the local area (Minjiang river basin) into 3-5 mm block particles for later use. All the components of the matrix are mixed according to the proportion, stirred evenly, spread and disinfected by carbendazim for later use.

(4) When in planting, the bottom of the pot is evenly paved with ceramsite, the 'Ping-Pong Funiang' is planted by the mixed and disinfected culture medium, the surface of the pot is paved with granular soil to fix the plant and beautify the appearance, and root fixing water is sprayed on the same day of planting to ensure that the medium is completely poured. Watering the plants at intervals of 7-10 days after planting in a spraying manner by using a pressure type watering can, spraying the roots of the plants at the evening to avoid watering the leaves, wherein the watering is carried out between 6:00 at the evening and 7:00 in the next morning to avoid excessive transpiration caused by watering at noon; and starting an exhaust fan to accelerate air circulation, and keeping the temperature in the shed at 20-28 ℃ and the air humidity at 50% -60%.

(5) Preparing a basic nutrient solution (unit: mg/L): KNO₃500，MgSO₄·7H₂O 250，KH₂PO₄200，K₂SO₄200，Ca(NO₃)₂·4H₂O 300，EDTA-Na₂30，FeSO₄·7H₂O20，MnSO₄·4H₂O 20，ZnSO₄·7H₂O 5，H₃BO₃2.5，CuSO₄·5H₂O 0.05，Na₂M_OO₄·2H₂0.03 percent of O, 100 percent of NAA, 100 percent of IBA, 6 percent of Yipelong and 30 percent of carbendazim, and the PH value is adjusted to 5.5-6.0.

Preparing a reinforced nutrient solution (unit: mg/L): huabao No. 1 300, Yipelong 10, carbendazim 50 and CCC (chlormequat chloride) 30.

(6) The specific irrigation method comprises the following steps: spraying basic nutrient solution on the stems and leaf surfaces of the plants and irrigating the roots 1 time every month within about 50ml of each pot for 3-4 times within 3-6 months; and spraying the plant stems and leaf surfaces with the reinforced nutrient solution and irrigating the roots 1 time and about 50ml per pot for 3 times in a month between 7 and 9. And (5) performing conventional management in other growth periods.

(7) Spraying 3000-5000 times of biological source insecticide Leke liquid to the leaf surfaces and stems every 15 days for 3-9 months, and timely cutting off fleshy flowers and arrows. Once the black rot of the leaves is found, the rotten parts are cut off by a blade disinfected by alcohol in time. And the shading net is pulled on the shed roof for 6-9 months, the shading rate is 50% -60%, and direct sunlight is avoided.

(8) As a result: after 6 months of planting, the plants can safely go over summer, the root systems are healthy, the stems and leaves are full and thick, the plant types are compact, the branching performance is good, the appearance is excellent, the growth vigor is good, the survival rate is high, and the plant states are shown in figure 1.

Comparative example 1

In comparison with the example 1, the method of the present invention,

the difference is that the basic nutrient solution treatment is not used, and the culture medium components, the reinforced nutrient solution treatment and the culture management method are the same as those of the embodiment 1.

As a result: after 6 months of planting, the plants can grow over summer, the root systems are healthy, 90 percent of the plants are normal in shape, the survival rate is high, the plant height and the crown amplitude are slightly reduced, and the plant states are shown in figure 2.

Comparative example 2

In comparison with the example 1, the method of the present invention,

the difference is that mushroom soil and water moss are not added in the formula of the substrate, and the components of the rest culture substrates are the same.

The difference 2 is that the method of treating with the enhanced nutrient solution and the cultivation management method are the same as those of example 1 without treating with the basic nutrient solution.

As a result: after 6 months of planting, the survival rate of the plants is reduced to some extent over summer, the plant types are small, the color change of the leaves is not obvious, the growth vigor is slow, and the plant states are shown in figure 4.

Comparative example 3

In comparison with the example 1, the method of the present invention,

the difference is that 1, the formula of the culture medium is different: the matrix components comprise 60 parts of common garden soil, 25 parts of full-grain soil (7 parts of green zeolite, 6 parts of volcanic rock, 6 parts of golden stone and 6 parts of medical stone) and 10 parts of ceramic grains.

The difference 2 is that the basic nutrient solution and the reinforced nutrient solution are not used for treatment, and the other cultivation management methods are the same as the embodiment 1.

As a result: after 6 months of planting, the death rate of the plants is high over summer, the leaves almost fall off, the growth vigor is weak, the plant types are loose, the appearance is poor, and the plant states are shown in figure 4.

Example 2

In comparison with the example 1, the method of the present invention,

difference 1: the variety is different, the selected succulent variety is Ebony ' (Echeveri avanoides ' Ebony '), is a succulent plant of echeveria of Crassulaceae, has standard rosette-shaped appearance, high commodity value, suitable growth temperature of 15-25 ℃, and weak heat resistance.

Difference 2: the culture medium is composed of different components, specifically 50 parts of mushroom soil, 30 parts of water moss, 30 parts of peat, 20 parts of coconut coir, 10 parts of coal cinder, 15 parts of ceramsite, 8 parts of green zeolite, 7 parts of volcanic rock, 6 parts of chrysolite, 5 parts of medical stone and 6 parts of corbicula fluminea shell powder.

Difference 3: the nutrient solution has different formulas, specifically, the formula of the basic nutrient solution (unit: mg/L) is as follows: KNO₃600，MgSO₄·7H₂O 350，KH₂PO₄300，K₂SO₄250，Ca(NO₃)₂·4H₂O200，EDTA-Na₂40，FeSO₄·7H₂O 30，MnSO₄·4H₂O 25，ZnSO₄·7H₂O 10，H₃BO₃3.5，CuSO₄·5H₂O 0.08，Na₂M_OO₄·2H₂0.06 of O, 150 of NAA, 50 of IBA, 12 of Yipelong and 40 of carbendazim, and adjusting the pH value to 5.5-6.0. Formula of the reinforced nutrient solution (unit: mg/L): huabao No. 1 500, Yipelong 15, carbendazim 60 and CCC (chlormequat chloride) 50. Other specific procedures were the same as in example 1.

As a result: after 6 months of planting, the plants can safely go over summer, the plant types are compact, the blades are regularly arranged, the blade tips have red spots, the appearance is good, the survival rate is high, and the plant states are shown in figure 5.

Comparative example 4

In comparison with the example 2, the method has the advantages that,

the difference is that the basic nutrient solution treatment is not used, and the components of the culture medium, the reinforced nutrient solution treatment and the culture management method are the same as those of the embodiment 2.

As a result: after 6 months of planting, the plants can grow normally over summer, the plant types are compact, the leaf arrangement is regular, the survival rate is more than 85%, the quality is good, and the plant states are shown in figure 6.

Comparative example 5

In comparison with the example 2, the method has the advantages that,

the difference is that mushroom soil and water moss are not added in the formula of the culture medium, and the components of the rest culture medium are the same.

The difference 2 is that the method of treating with the enhanced nutrient solution and the cultivation management method are the same as those of example 2 without treating with the basic nutrient solution.

As a result: after 6 months of planting, the survival rate of the plants is reduced over summer, the plant types are loose and overgrown, no obvious red spots exist on the leaf tips, the appearance is common, and the plant states are shown in figure 7.

Comparative example 6

In comparison with the example 2, the method has the advantages that,

the difference is that 1, the culture medium has different formulas, and the components of the medium comprise 70 parts of common garden soil, 20 parts of full-grain soil (5 parts of green zeolite, 5 parts of volcanic rock, 5 parts of golden stone and 5 parts of medical stone) and 10 parts of ceramic grains.

The difference 2 is that the treatment with the basic nutrient solution and the strengthening nutrient solution is not used, and the other cultivation management methods are the same as the example 2.

As a result: after 6 months of planting, the plant disease rate is high, the growth vigor is weak, the leaf color becomes light, the ornamental quality is obviously reduced, and the plant state is shown in figure 8.

The fleshiness growth index and the morphological change were measured 6 months after planting in examples 1 and 2 and comparative examples 1 to 6, and the specific results are shown in table 1.

TABLE 12 growth conditions of the succulent varieties

As can be seen from fig. 1-8 and table 1 above, the over-summer cultivation method of the present invention can enable succulent plants to safely over-summer, effectively increase the survival rate of the succulent plants in south China over summer, promote the succulent plants to have developed root systems, full stems and leaves, compact plant types and good growth vigor, and improve the ornamental value and stress resistance of the succulent plants.

The invention has the following advantages:

(1) the matrix of the invention has the following components: 1) mushroom soil: the mushroom soil used for producing the agaricus bisporus is selected, is loose and soft, has rich nutrition, is beneficial to succulent root attachment, and has easily available materials, economy and practicability. 2) Water moss: the fertilizer is most commonly used for cultivation of orchids, has the advantages of naturalness and sterility, is loose and breathable, can avoid water accumulation, prevents insect pests, is not easy to generate bacteria, and ensures that fleshiness is not easy to infect plant diseases and insect pests in summer. 3) Peat: the danish peat soil is rich in nutrition. 4) Coconut husk: rich in fiber, breathable, water-retaining and fertilizer-retaining, clean and sanitary as cultivation soil and lower cost. 5) Coal cinder: the soil hardening can be relieved, the price is low, the raw materials are easy to obtain, the soil hardening agent is uniformly mixed with light media such as mushroom soil, water moss and coconut husk, the air permeability of the matrix can be enhanced, the weight of the matrix can be increased, and the phenomenon of soil floating after watering can be relieved. 6) Full-particle soil: contains various formulas of green zeolite, volcanic rock, gold stone, medical stone and the like, has strong drainage and air permeability, can supplement mineral elements required by plants, and ensures that the multiple-meat plant type is beautiful and compact and has excellent appearance. The full-particle soil is rich in color and is used for paving, so that plants are more attractive. 7) Clam shell powder: the local special shellfish such as Corbicula fluminea, etc. is produced in Fujian river basin, after eating, the shells are cleaned, sterilized, mashed and mixed with soil, thereby properly supplementing trace elements required by succulent growth and improving succulent looks. The corbicula fluminea shell material is easy to obtain, economical and environment-friendly.

According to the invention, mushroom soil and sphagna are used as main components, peat, coconut chaff, coal slag, full-grain soil, corbicula fluminea shell powder and the like are added, the prepared succulent mixed matrix fully integrates the advantages of various components, the overall characteristics of the culture matrix are synergistically improved, the culture matrix is rich in nutrition, loose, breathable and strong in drainage property, the using effect is superior to that of humus soil, garden soil or nutrient soil commonly used in the market, the matrix is an ideal culture matrix suitable for the overwintering growth of succulent plants in the south, the overwintering mortality rate of succulent plants can be effectively reduced, the overwintering survival rate is as high as 93.83-95.67%, the growth vigor is good, the number of leaves is 26.25-75.50, 6.34-38.22 new leaves are extracted, the plant type is compact, the branching property is good, and the quality is excellent.

In the comparative example, after mushroom soil and water moss are not added in the matrix formula and the plants are planted, the survival rate is reduced over summer, the survival rate is 75.04-84.40%, the number of leaves is 22.25-53.14, and 3.24-25.39 new leaves are extracted, so that the plants are small in type and slow in growth vigor. Therefore, the main components of mushroom soil and water moss in the culture medium prepared by the invention have obvious promotion effect on the growth of succulent plants.

(2) The nutrient solution has the characteristics that: 1) the basic nutrient solution formula comprises: contains various large and trace elements required by succulent growth, optimizes the proportion of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium elements, ensures succulent nutrient storage, and makes succulent stem and leaf fat and grow well. Contains the combination of the plant growth regulators for promoting the root growth, so that the root system is developed more robustly. The addition of a proper amount of antibacterial agent can effectively prevent and inhibit the influence of fungi or bacteria, inhibit bacteria, enhance the stress resistance and disease resistance of succulent plants, make the plants grow healthily and strongly and lay a good foundation for getting over summer. The survival rate of fleshiness over summer is reduced to 85.45-90.80 percent without being irrigated by basic nutrient solution, the number of leaves is reduced to 23.49-58.32, the number of new leaves is reduced to 4.33-33.56, and the plant height and the crown width are slightly reduced.

(2. the formula of the reinforced nutrient solution comprises the steps of adopting Huabao No. 1 (N: P: K: 7: 6: 19) with higher potassium element content, improving plant hardness, adding chlormequat chloride for dwarfing and shaping, inhibiting excessive growth of high-temperature plants in summer, improving succulent phase, continuously adding bacteriostatic and antibacterial agents such as Yipeilong and the like for comprehensive treatment, and having remarkable bacteriostatic effects in summer rainstorm and typhoon weather.

(3) The irrigation method is characterized in that: the southern summer is hot and long, and the plant growth foundation before summer is the key. In spring and summer of 3-6 months, basic nutrient solution is irrigated to ensure fleshy nutrition, strong root systems, bacteria prevention and inhibition, and fleshy stress resistance is improved, so that the foundation is laid for getting over summer; a nutrition and bacteriostasis formula is properly and slightly added in hot summer of 7-9 months, so that the resistance is enhanced, the bacteriostasis effect is consolidated, the plant root system is healthy, the condition is stable, and the survival rate is high.

In addition, the formula of the culture medium and the irrigation treatment of the nutrient solution are not used, only the common garden soil, the full-grain soil and the ceramic grains are used as the culture medium, and the irrigation treatment of the nutrient solution is not used, so that the over-summer death rate of the plants is nearly 40 percent, the leaves fall off more, the plants are easy to be infected with diseases, the growth vigor is weak, the plant types are loose, and the variety is poor.

Although specific embodiments of the invention have been described above, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the specific embodiments described are illustrative only and are not limiting upon the scope of the invention, and that equivalent modifications and variations can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the invention, which is to be limited only by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A method for promoting the overwintering cultivation of succulent plants in south China is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:

2. The method for promoting the over-summer cultivation of succulent plants in southern areas of China as claimed in claim 1, wherein: in the step 1, 50-60 cm above the ground is planted in a lapping bed, non-woven fabrics are paved on the planting bed for heat insulation, and the planting pot is placed on the non-woven fabrics of the planting bed.

3. The method for promoting the over-summer cultivation of succulent plants in southern areas of China as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the particle size of each component in the culture medium is as follows:

4. The method for promoting the over-summer cultivation of succulent plants in southern areas of China as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the culture medium comprises the following components:

5. The method for promoting the over-summer cultivation of succulent plants in southern areas of China as claimed in claim 1, wherein: during planting, a layer of ceramsite is uniformly paved on the bottom of the planting pot, and the thickness of the ceramsite is 12-20 mm; then, a culture medium is paved, and finally, granular soil is uniformly paved on the culture medium, wherein the thickness of the granular soil ranges from 8 mm to 12 mm.

6. The method for promoting the over-summer cultivation of succulent plants in southern areas of China according to claim 5, wherein: the granular soil is at least one of green zeolite, volcanic rock, yellow gold stone and medical stone.

7. The method for promoting the over-summer cultivation of succulent plants in southern areas of China as claimed in claim 1, wherein: after field planting, spraying the diluted pesticide to leaf surfaces and stems every 15-20 days for 3-9 months, and timely cutting off fleshy flowers and arrows; once the black rot of the leaves is found, the rotten parts are cut off by a blade disinfected by alcohol in time.