CN104255614A - Artificial propagation method of schizothorax gymnocypris potanini firmispinatus - Google Patents
Artificial propagation method of schizothorax gymnocypris potanini firmispinatus Download PDFInfo
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- CN104255614A CN104255614A CN201410537307.5A CN201410537307A CN104255614A CN 104255614 A CN104255614 A CN 104255614A CN 201410537307 A CN201410537307 A CN 201410537307A CN 104255614 A CN104255614 A CN 104255614A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
Abstract
The invention provides an artificial propagation method of schizothorax gymnocypris potanini firmispinatus. The method comprises the following steps: a, selecting pollution-free water; 2, collecting wild gymnocypris potanini firmispinatus as backup parent fishes for domestication by using a net fishing mode; 3, selecting robust, disease-free, non-injury and nonteratogenic gymnocypris potanini firmispinatus, of which the weight of each male fish is not less than 10 g and the weight of each female fish is not less than 20 g, as breeding parent fishes for breeding from the wild backup parent fishes of the wild gymnocypris potanini firmispinatus after one-year domestication; 4, performing spawning induction preparation for the bred parent fishes bred for one year; 5, selecting mature parent fishes for artificial spawning induction; 6, performing artificial insemination on the parent fishes after artificial spawning induction; 7, performing artificial incubation by using a water flowing method. By using the method, the spawning induction rate of the gymnocypris potanini firmispinatus reaches 75 percent, the fertilization rate reaches 65 percent and the hatching rate is 65 percent, large-scale artificial breeding of the gymnocypris potanini firmispinatus can be realized, and the gymnocypris potanini firmispinatus resource is effectively protected.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of schizothoracin hard Juniperus formosana Pan naked carp artificial fecundation method.
Background technology
Hard Juniperus formosana Pan naked carp (
gymnocypris potanini firmispinatus)be under the jurisdiction of Cypriniformes, Cyprinidae, Schizothoracinae, Gymnocypris, local by name: bamboo root fish, river fish etc.Belong to cold water fishes, its distribution height can reach height above sea level 2-3000 rice, lives in the river, plateau of water quality clarification more, the Hui Shuichu at limpid Heavenly Stems and Earthly Branches stream is perched in outstanding happiness, dwells life in the battalion end, is eat with animal bait, for producing the fish of demersal egg in miniflow water, it is small-sized economic fish.Hard Juniperus formosana Pan naked carp is distributed in tributary, Jinsha jiang River Shuo Duo Gang He of end of the bridge under Lijiang, yunnan drum-shaped stone blocks and Zhong Dian (now claiming Xianggelila country) and rushes downstream river, He Deng waters, Yongchun, tributary, the Wei Xi Lancang River.At present, except taxonomic identification and distribution research except (
new genus, the new species and subspecies of Wu Yunfei, Wu Cui precious .1988. Upper Yangtze River fish. high protistology collected papers, (8): 15-24.
the initial analysis of Wu Yunfei, Wu Cui precious section, Jinsha jiang River .1990. the western regions of the Yunnan Province fish fauna. high protistology collected papers, (9): 63-75.
.2000. Fauna Sinica Osteichthyes Cypriniformes (last volume) such as happy pendant fine jade. Beijing: Science Press: 358-359.); to hard other aspects of Juniperus formosana Pan naked carp; particularly artificial propagation aspect is not studied substantially; this forms limitation of the technology to the enhancement releasing of upstream, Jinsha jiang River hard Juniperus formosana Pan naked carp and species conservation; hard Juniperus formosana Pan naked carp is the small-sized economic fish of upstream branching flow simultaneously; its delicious meat is the kind having cultivation potentiality in cold water fish.Under the prerequisite of protection wild resource; a large amount of fry and fingerlings is provided by artificial propagation; realize hard Juniperus formosana Pan naked carp large-scale cultivation; release to realizing artificial fecundation; protect the local stock of fish; create new fish culture kind, promote local economic development, all there is potential economic worth and important social value.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is for above-mentioned Problems existing, a set of hard Juniperus formosana Pan naked carp artificial fecundation method is provided, protects hard Juniperus formosana Pan naked carp resource, and realize hard Juniperus formosana Pan naked carp scale artificial culture.The present invention is achieved in that
1, water quality requirement: cultivate water is pure and fresh, pollution-free, and dissolved oxygen is not less than 5mg/L, pH value 6.5-7.5, water temperature 0-20 DEG C;
2, parent population collection and raise and train: collect the wild hard Juniperus formosana Pan naked carp of more than body weight 10g parent population in support in the net mode of catching, rendered to by reserve parent fish to raise and train in pond and carry out domesticating and cultivating, raising and train pool area is 50-200m
2, at the bottom of pond, ratio reduces to 2-3%, and pond height is 1.5-2.0m, and the depth of water is 1-1.5m, and discharge is 0.1-0.2m
3/ s, every square metre of breeding density is no more than 2kg, and raising and train feed is carp commercial feed, protein content 35-45%, and every day, feeding volume was the 1-2% of fish body weight, and every day respectively throws something and feeds once sooner or later;
3, screening and the cultivation of parent population is bred: from wild hard Juniperus formosana Pan naked carp reserve parent fish of raising and train through 1 year, select the physique that milter body weight is not less than 10g/ tail, raun body weight is not less than 20g/ tail healthy and strong, anosis without hindering hard Juniperus formosana Pan naked carp of nothing deformity as breeding parent population, parent fish rearing pool area is 10-30m
2, at the bottom of pond, ratio reduces to 1-2%, and pond height is 1.5-2.0m, and the depth of water is 1-1.5m, and discharge is 0.1-0.2m
3/ s, every square metre of breeding density is no more than 2kg, and raising and train feed is carp commercial feed, protein content 35-45%, and every day, feeding volume was the 1-2% of fish body weight, and every day respectively throws something and feeds once sooner or later;
4, to hasten parturition preparation: the breeding parent population cultivated through 1 year, in the 2-4 month, the sexual maturity situation of inspection 1 parent population is drawn in the net weekly in parent fish rearing pond, inspection method is: by the raun fish body of maturation upwards, slightly dew face, ovary profile is obviously seen in both sides, presses belly with have gentle hands, and soft high resilience is sexual maturity; Milter " pearl star " is obvious, and the gap between anal fin 4-6 root branch fin ray is strengthened, and be significantly hook-shaped in end specialization, hand touches body surface very strong harsh feeling, and upwards, light pressure belly both sides, have milky dense thick seminal fluid to flow out for sexual maturity to fish body belly; Before hastening parturition, strengthen parent fish rearing Chi Shui turnover amount, Chi Shui exchange per hour once, promotes parent population sexual maturity;
5, artificial induced spawning: select sexually matured raun, at its pectoral fin base portion injection fish ocyodinic, ocyodinic divides 1-3 injection, if 2-3 injection, with the 1st injected dose for benchmark, 2nd time injected dose is higher than the 1st time 1 times, 3rd time injected dose is higher than the 2nd time 1 times, 24 hours double injection time intervals, the active situation of raun is observed after per injection, if there is phenomenon of laying eggs, just carry out artificial insemination, no longer carry out injection below, milter is also injected at its pectoral fin base portion, ocyodinic consumption is the half of raun, the no longer injection ocyodinic that milter sexual maturity is good, fish ocyodinic can select LRH, DOM, HCG, can with two kinds or three kinds of ocyodinic compatibilities according to the developmental state of parent population, and various ocyodinic injected dose is respectively LRH:1-20ug/kg, DOM:1-20mg/kg, HCG:500-1000 unit/kg,
6, artificial insemination, puts into spawning pond by the parent population of injecting ocyodinic, spawning pond area 1-3m
2, pond height 0.7-1.0m, about depth of water 0.5m, the same pond of male and female, ceaselessly put stimulation by running water, observe parent population active situation at any time, when raun oestrus reach a climax time, if light pressure raun belly, fish-egg flows out, raun is mentioned, wipe body surface moisture, squeeze in ovum engagement, exist side by side and to mention by milter, wipe body surface moisture, rapidly seminal fluid is clamp-oned in basin, fish-egg 1-2 minute is stirred with feather, smart ovum is fully mixed, add a small amount of clear water again, stir slightly, leave standstill 1-2 minute, then ovum is washed 3-6 time with clear water, wash away the water of seminal fluid, add water and be placed on lucifuge place, sunlight and light direct projection should be avoided in whole operating process, prevent ultraviolet to the injury of sperm with insemination ovum, after artificial insemination, rehabilitation cultivation is carried out to parent population in postpartum,
7, artificial incubation: adopt Lotic hatching, incubator box is put into incubation tank, puts into insemination ovum after adding water, it is 3-6 grain Luan/㎝ that each incubator box puts into density
2hatch, incubator box depth of water 10-15cm, hatching water quality requirement is with step 1, and at water temperature 12-18 DEG C, through the hatching of 192-240 hour, fertilized egg just starts rupture of membranes and emerges.
Use method of the present invention to carry out the artificial propagation of hard Juniperus formosana Pan naked carp, hard Juniperus formosana Pan naked carp spawning rate reach more than 75%, fertilization rate more than 65%, incubation rate more than 65%.Hard Juniperus formosana Pan naked carp scale artificial culture can be realized, available protecting hard Juniperus formosana Pan naked carp resource.
Embodiment
1, water quality requirement: cultivate water is pure and fresh, pollution-free, and dissolved oxygen is not less than 5mg/L, pH value 6.5-7.5, water temperature 0-20 DEG C, springwater, underground water, streams water, reservoir bottom water can be selected in water source;
2, parent population collection and raise and train: collect the wild hard Juniperus formosana Pan naked carp of more than body weight 10g parent population in support in the net mode of catching, rendered to by reserve parent fish to raise and train in pond and carry out domesticating and cultivating, raising and train pool area is 50-200m
2, at the bottom of pond, ratio reduces to 2-3%, is convenient to release water, and pond height is 1.5-2.0m, and the depth of water is 1-1.5m, and discharge is 0.1-0.2m
3/ s, every square metre of breeding density is no more than 2kg, and raising and train pond can be cement pit, also can be the fishpond of natural material, build up and prevent escaping facility, be equipped with culvert system; Raising and train feed is carp commercial feed, and protein content 35-45% can select the carp commercial feed that Tong Wei feed companies produces; Every day, feeding volume was the 1-2% of fish body weight, and every day respectively throws something and feeds once sooner or later;
3, screening and the cultivation of parent population is bred: from wild hard Juniperus formosana Pan naked carp reserve parent fish of raising and train through 1 year, select the physique that milter body weight is not less than 10g/ tail, raun body weight is not less than 20g/ tail healthy and strong, anosis without hindering hard Juniperus formosana Pan naked carp of nothing deformity as breeding parent population, parent fish rearing pool area is 10-30m
2, at the bottom of pond, ratio reduces to 1-2%, is convenient to release water, and pond height is 1.5-2.0m, and the depth of water is 1-1.5m, and be equipped with and prevent escaping facility and culvert system, discharge is 0.1-0.2m
3/ s, every square metre of breeding density is no more than 2kg, and raising and train feed is carp commercial feed, and protein content 35-45% can select the carp commercial feed that Tong Wei feed companies produces; Every day, feeding volume was the 1-2% of fish body weight, and every day respectively throws something and feeds once sooner or later;
4, to hasten parturition preparation: the breeding parent population cultivated through 1 year, in the 2-4 month, the sexual maturity situation of inspection 1 parent population is drawn in the net weekly in parent fish rearing pond, inspection method is: by the raun fish body of maturation upwards, slightly dew face, ovary profile is obviously seen in both sides, presses belly with have gentle hands, and soft high resilience is sexual maturity; Milter " pearl star " is obvious, and the gap between anal fin 4-6 root branch fin ray is strengthened, and be significantly hook-shaped in end specialization, hand touches body surface very strong harsh feeling, and upwards, light pressure belly both sides, have milky dense thick seminal fluid to flow out for sexual maturity to fish body belly; It is best for meeting the water person that do not scatter rapidly; Before hastening parturition, strengthen parent fish rearing Chi Shui turnover amount, Chi Shui exchange per hour once, promotes parent population sexual maturity;
5, artificial induced spawning: select sexually matured raun, at its pectoral fin base portion injection fish ocyodinic, ocyodinic divides 1-3 injection, if 2-3 injection, with the 1st injected dose for benchmark, 2nd time injected dose is higher than the 1st time 1 times, 3rd the injected dose 1 times double injection time interval 24 higher than the 2nd time is time little, the active situation of raun is observed after per injection, if there is phenomenon of laying eggs, just carry out artificial insemination, no longer carry out injection below, milter is also injected at its pectoral fin base portion, ocyodinic consumption is the half of raun, the no longer injection ocyodinic that milter sexual maturity is good, fish ocyodinic can select LRH(injection luteotropin analog releasing hormone-Ningbo Sansheng Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. to produce), DOM(maleic acid DOM-Ningbo Sansheng Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. produces), HCG(pregnyl ampoule-Ningbo Sansheng Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. produces), inject after can being dissolved in physiological saline with two kinds or three kinds of ocyodinic compatibilities according to the developmental state of parent population, various ocyodinic injected dose is respectively LRH:1-20ug/kg, DOM:1-20mg/kg, HCG:500-1000 unit/kg, the per injection amount of every tail fish controls at 0.1-0.2ml.As carried out 1 injection, by being dissolved in physiological saline after LRH5ug/kg, HCG500 unit/kg and DOM5mg/kg compatibility, every tail presses 0.1ml injection.
6, artificial insemination, puts into spawning pond by the parent population of injecting ocyodinic, spawning pond area 1-3m
2, pond height 0.7-1.0m, about depth of water 0.5m, the same pond of male and female, ceaselessly put stimulation by running water, observe parent population active situation at any time, when raun oestrus reach a climax time, if light pressure raun belly, fish-egg flows out, raun is mentioned, wipe body surface moisture, squeeze in ovum engagement, exist side by side and to mention by milter, wipe body surface moisture, rapidly seminal fluid is clamp-oned in basin, fish-egg 1-2 minute is stirred with feather, smart ovum is fully mixed, add a small amount of clear water again, stir slightly, leave standstill 1-2 minute, then ovum is washed 3-6 time with clear water, wash away the water of seminal fluid, add water and be placed on lucifuge place, sunlight and light direct projection should be avoided in whole operating process, prevent ultraviolet to the injury of sperm with insemination ovum, after artificial insemination, to parent population injection compound gentamicine sulphate in postpartum (4000 units/kg) or penicillin (10000 units/kg), carry out rehabilitation cultivation,
7, artificial incubation: adopt Lotic hatching, incubator box is put into incubation tank, puts into insemination ovum after adding water, it is 3-6 grain Luan/㎝ that each incubator box puts into density
2hatch, incubator box depth of water 10-15cm, hatching water quality requirement is with step 1, and at water temperature 12-18 DEG C, through the hatching of 192-240 hour, fertilized egg just starts rupture of membranes and emerges; Incubation tank and incubator box are that glass-reinforced plastic material is made, and specification is: hatching flute length 2-3m, wide 0.4m, dark 0.17m; The long 0.4m of incubator box, wide 0.4m, dark 0.15m, at incubator box liner 60 object screen cloth, water freely can exchange at in-out-snap.
Claims (3)
1. schizothoracin hard Juniperus formosana Pan naked carp artificial fecundation method, is characterized in that:
(1) water quality requirement: cultivate water is pure and fresh, pollution-free, and dissolved oxygen is not less than 5mg/L, pH value 6.5-7.5, water temperature 0-20 DEG C;
(2) parent population collection and raise and train: collect the wild hard Juniperus formosana Pan naked carp of more than body weight 10g parent population in support in the net mode of catching, rendered to by reserve parent fish to raise and train in pond and carry out domesticating and cultivating, raising and train pool area is 50-200m
2, at the bottom of pond, ratio reduces to 2-3%, and pond height is 1.5-2.0m, and the depth of water is 1-1.5m, and discharge is 0.1-0.2m
3/ s, every square metre of breeding density is no more than 2kg, and raising and train feed is carp commercial feed, protein content 35-45%, and every day, feeding volume was the 1-2% of fish body weight, and every day respectively throws something and feeds once sooner or later;
(3) screening and the cultivation of parent population is bred: from wild hard Juniperus formosana Pan naked carp reserve parent fish of raising and train through 1 year, select the physique that milter body weight is not less than 10g/ tail, raun body weight is not less than 20g/ tail healthy and strong, anosis without hindering hard Juniperus formosana Pan naked carp of nothing deformity as breeding parent population, parent fish rearing pool area is 10-30m
2, at the bottom of pond, ratio reduces to 1-2%, and pond height is 1.5-2.0m, and the depth of water is 1-1.5m, and discharge is 0.1-0.2m
3/ s, every square metre of breeding density is no more than 2kg, and raising and train feed is carp commercial feed, protein content 35-45%, and every day, feeding volume was the 1-2% of fish body weight, and every day respectively throws something and feeds once sooner or later;
(4) to hasten parturition preparation: the breeding parent population cultivated through 1 year, in the 2-4 month, the sexual maturity situation of inspection 1 parent population is drawn in the net weekly in parent fish rearing pond, inspection method is: by the raun fish body of maturation upwards, slightly dew face, ovary profile is obviously seen in both sides, presses belly with have gentle hands, and soft high resilience is sexual maturity; Milter " pearl star " is obvious, and the gap between anal fin 4-6 root branch fin ray is strengthened, and be significantly hook-shaped in end specialization, hand touches body surface very strong harsh feeling, and upwards, light pressure belly both sides, have milky dense thick seminal fluid to flow out for sexual maturity to fish body belly; Before hastening parturition, strengthen parent fish rearing Chi Shui turnover amount, Chi Shui exchange per hour once, promotes parent population sexual maturity;
(5) artificial induced spawning: select sexually matured raun, at its pectoral fin base portion injection fish ocyodinic, ocyodinic divides 1-3 injection, if 2-3 injection, with the 1st injected dose for benchmark, 2nd time injected dose is higher than the 1st time 1 times, 3rd time injected dose is higher than the 2nd time 1 times, 24 hours double injection time intervals, the active situation of raun is observed after per injection, if there is phenomenon of laying eggs, just carry out artificial insemination, no longer carry out injection below, milter is also injected at its pectoral fin base portion, ocyodinic consumption is the half of raun, the no longer injection ocyodinic that milter sexual maturity is good, fish ocyodinic can select LRH, DOM, HCG, can with two kinds or three kinds of ocyodinic compatibilities according to the developmental state of parent population, and various ocyodinic injected dose is respectively LRH:1-20ug/kg, DOM:1-20mg/kg, HCG:500-1000 unit/kg,
(6) artificial insemination, puts into spawning pond by the parent population of injecting ocyodinic, spawning pond area 1-3m
2, pond height 0.7-1.0m, about depth of water 0.5m, the same pond of male and female, ceaselessly put stimulation by running water, observe parent population active situation at any time, when raun oestrus reach a climax time, if light pressure raun belly, fish-egg flows out, raun is mentioned, wipe body surface moisture, squeeze in ovum engagement, exist side by side and to mention by milter, wipe body surface moisture, rapidly seminal fluid is clamp-oned in basin, fish-egg 1-2 minute is stirred with feather, smart ovum is fully mixed, add a small amount of clear water again, stir slightly, leave standstill 1-2 minute, then ovum is washed 3-6 time with clear water, wash away the water of seminal fluid, add water and be placed on lucifuge place, sunlight and light direct projection should be avoided in whole operating process, prevent ultraviolet to the injury of sperm with insemination ovum, after artificial insemination, rehabilitation cultivation is carried out to parent population in postpartum,
(7) artificial incubation: adopt Lotic hatching, incubator box is put into incubation tank, puts into insemination ovum after adding water, it is 3-6 grain Luan/㎝ that each incubator box puts into density
2hatch, incubator box depth of water 10-15cm, hatching water quality requirement is with step 1, and at water temperature 12-18 DEG C, through the hatching of 192-240 hour, fertilized egg just starts rupture of membranes and emerges.
2. schizothoracin according to claim 1 hard Juniperus formosana Pan naked carp artificial fecundation method, when it is characterized in that artificial induced spawning, every tail fish per injection amount ocyodinic controls at 0.1-0.2ml.
3. schizothoracin according to claim 1 hard Juniperus formosana Pan naked carp artificial fecundation method, it is characterized in that incubation tank and incubator box are that glass-reinforced plastic material is made, specification is: hatching flute length 2-3m, wide 0.4m, dark 0.17m; The long 0.4m of incubator box, wide 0.4m, dark 0.15m, at incubator box liner 60 object screen cloth.
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| CN112136728B (en) * | 2020-10-10 | 2022-07-15 | 华电云南发电有限公司 | Artificial breeding method for first-filial generation parent fish of Gymnocypris duringii in circulating water system |
| CN113557990A (en) * | 2021-05-17 | 2021-10-29 | 青海湖裸鲤救护中心(青海省鱼类原种良种场) | Artificial domestication method for cyprinus carpio fries |
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