CN103843710A - Breeding and culture method of erythroculter ilishaeformis - Google Patents
Breeding and culture method of erythroculter ilishaeformis Download PDFInfo
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- CN103843710A CN103843710A CN201410105974.6A CN201410105974A CN103843710A CN 103843710 A CN103843710 A CN 103843710A CN 201410105974 A CN201410105974 A CN 201410105974A CN 103843710 A CN103843710 A CN 103843710A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
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Abstract
The invention relates to a breeding and culture method of erythroculter ilishaeformis. The breeding and culture method of erythroculter ilishaeformis comprises the following steps that 1. wild erythroculter ilishaeformis is selected; 2, a pond is treated before the erythroculter ilishaeformis is put into the pond; 3, the caught wild erythroculter ilishaeformis is put into the treated pond, and after the erythroculter ilishaeformis is put into the pond, povidone iodine is splashed and poured in the whole pond; 4, feed domestication is carried out: compound feed is put, fish feed comprises forage fish and floating feed, and the feeding quantity of the forage fish is decreased progressively according to the eating condition of the erythroculter ilishaeformis; 5, common fish diseases are prevented and controlled; 6, artificial propagation including spawning pond preparation, antenatal water flushing simulation, parent selection, hasten parturition medicine injection, hasten parturition, artificial insemination, debonding incubation and the like is carried out. Through the breeding and culture method, the wild erythroculter ilishaeformis is domesticated into fish which can completely eat high-quality artificial compound feed, can be artificially bred and become an optimized variety bred and released in large-scale ponds, and the breeding and culture method has the advantages that the damage to fish is little, the survival rate and the growth rate are high, and the like.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the breeding method of a kind of fish in biological field, be specifically related to a kind of Propogation and culture method of erythroculter ilishaeformis.
Background technology
Erythroculter ilishaeformis (Erythroculter ilishaeformis) is commonly called as and sticks up shell, belongs to Cypriniformes, Cyprinidae, Culter subfamily, red Culter genus, and build is larger, and body is elongated, flat-sided, is wicker leaf shape, and a back side is straight, a back part protuberance, and eye is justified greatly, and squama is little.Erythroculter ilishaeformis is to live in water body economic fish at the middle and upper levels, and action is swift and violent, and disposition is hot-tempered, frightened kind jump.Its growth rapidly, because of fine and tender taste, delicious flavour, nutritious, and is well received by consumers, and has very high economic worth.
Wild erythroculter ilishaeformis is the violent predacious fish take live fish as staple food, and seedling stage is take plankton and aquatic insect as staple food.Wild erythroculter ilishaeformis meat is better, growth rate is faster, therefore, develops and a set of wild erythroculter ilishaeformis is carried out domestic and can effectively breed and have important application prospect.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of Propogation and culture method of erythroculter ilishaeformis, by the method, wild erythroculter ilishaeformis is domesticated for to the high-quality artifical compound feed of can ingesting completely, and can carry out artificial propagation, become the preferred kind that large-scale pond culture is released, and the method is little to the injury of fish, survival rate, rate of growth are high.
The object of the invention is to be achieved through the following technical solutions:
A Propogation and culture method for erythroculter ilishaeformis, the Propogation and culture method of described erythroculter ilishaeformis comprises the following steps:
1. choosing of wild erythroculter ilishaeformis: catch individual more than 1.2 kilograms, 3 ages in winter of age above and body surface without the normal wild erythroculter ilishaeformis of sick and wounded build as raising and train parent;
2. pond treatment: erythroculter ilishaeformis enters before pond, cleans up the pond described pond with quicklime, and is that 2% salt adds the water logging of 300ppm gall nut and washes 3～5 minutes by weight ratio, and water temperature remains between 7-34 ℃, and gall nut water soaked the gallic water of Chinese herbal medicine;
The wild erythroculter ilishaeformis of 3. step being caught in is 1. put into the pond that 2. step was processed, and erythroculter ilishaeformis enters behind pond, full pool spilling head povidone iodine, every day 1 time, continuous two days;
4. feed domestication: throw in manufactured feed in described pond, described fish meal comprises forage fiss and buoyancy feed, and in described buoyancy feed, the content of protein is more than 40%; In 3 months, described wild erythroculter ilishaeformis input pond, within 3～4 days, throw in a manufactured feed, the weight ratio of at every turn throwing forage fiss is 0.7%; While entering pond 3～4 months, within 1 day, throw in a buoyancy feed, forage fiss is thrown in once for 20～40 days, and the weight ratio of at every turn throwing forage fiss is 0.5～1.5%, and according to the food situation of erythroculter ilishaeformis, the injected volume of described forage fiss successively decreases;
5. fish disease prevention and cure: in feed domesticating and cultivating process, only prevent and treat Ciliata parasite with protozoon, prevent and treat Dactylogyrus with chlorophos, by the bacillary foster disease of povidone iodine control, monthly once; (described protozoon is clean, chlorophos and povidone iodine be prior art);
6. the antenatal bath of artificial propagation: a. stimulates: from breeding previous month, for the erythroculter ilishaeformis in pond is washed by water weekly 1 time, one time 2 hours, wash by water two weeks; Started from 15 days from breeding, wash by water once every day, each 1～2 hour; B. from pond, select female-male proportion to be generally some tail erythroculter ilishaeformis of 1: 1 as parent; C. in ready spawning pond, net cage is set, selected parent is transported in described net cage, and injection injection oxytocic drug, oxytocic drug: raun is 5-6mg DOM and 10-12 μ gLHRH-A2 (DOM: DOM; LHRH-A2: luliberin), milter dosage reduces by half, every tail parent population injection 1～2mL, the injection of pectoral fin base portion.; D. hasten parturition: inject after described medicine, carry out stimulation by running water in spawning pond, flow velocity is 0.1～0.2 about meter per second, enter draining and keep balance, and in spawning pond, hang a small amount of polyvinyl chloride screen cloth bar etc. and lure use laying nest; E. artificial insemination: in the time that parent starts to oestrus and forms peak, described female male parent has been caught respectively, then ovum is clamp-oned to drying receptacle together with seminal fluid, and stirred, added again clear water to stir after fully mixing and make its fertilization, obtained fertilized egg; F. unsticking hatching: after artificial insemination 3-4 minute, described fertilized egg is poured into lentamente and prepared unsticking in talcous water, continue to stir, till not luming to fertilized egg; Then the fertilized egg of unsticking is placed in clear water and cleans, then be poured into and in hatching pail, carry out Lotic hatching; G. the fertilized egg after hatching is put into pond and carry out fry rearing.
The quicklime of the use of cleaning up the pond further preferably, is 100kg/ mu.
Further preferably, the water quality in described pond is detected weekly once, low temperature season changes water once in 10～15 days, and high temperature season changes weekly water once.
Further preferably, the volume that at every turn changes water is 20-30%.
Further preferably, forage fiss is the silver carp of 2-3 cun.
Further preferably, the step method that 6. middle parent selects: female erythroculter ilishaeformis ovary profile is obvious, and belly is soft and flexible; The a large amount of pearl stars in male erythroculter ilishaeformis side, hand touches with harsh feeling, gently presses belly to have milky thickness seminal fluid to flow out.Female-male proportion is generally 1: 1.
Further preferably, spawning pond: the circular spawning pond of 8 meters of diameters, dark 1.2-1.5 rice; Water temperature stability is more than 25 ℃.
Further preferably, be transported to the method for spawning pond from pond: jump because erythroculter ilishaeformis is kind, hot-tempered, the easy anoxic of disposition, draw in the net operation brisk, means of transport is the long soft cloth clamp of 80cm, and cloth clamp once transports 1 tail parent population, avoids mutual grazing wound.One small-sized net cage is set in spawning pond, and the parent who ships first weighs, after put into net cage, parent population is contained in cloth clamp and is placed in water and injects oxytocic drug, the personnel of hastening parturition require coordination, shorten the dried up time of erythroculter ilishaeformis as far as possible.
Further preferably, must the good close net sheet of cover above described spawning pond.
Further preferably, 10 mu of described pond areas, the dark 2.5m in pond, depth of water 2m, the soil end, mud 5-10cm, smooth at the bottom of pond, note draining convenience, is equipped with one, 3KW aerator
The invention provides a kind of Propogation and culture method of erythroculter ilishaeformis, the main beneficial effect of the method comprise following some:
1. the high-quality manufactured feed that contains high protein that by this method, wild erythroculter ilishaeformis is domesticated for to the manual manufacture of can ingesting completely, makes its nutrition more reasonable, and growth rate is faster, and meat is better;
2. by this method, wild transferring to propagated artificially, made it not only can propagate but also can keep the advantage of wild erythroculter ilishaeformis artificially, have more market using value;
3. in addition, method of the present invention is little to the injury of fish, and survival rate, rate of growth are high, and artificial induced spawning effect is remarkable, and artificial propagation is simple to operate, do not need to use large-scale or expensive equipment, and the method is more effective, can complete smoothly fertilization process.
Embodiment
As an example of specific experiment case example, embodiment is described below, should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein, only in order to explain the present invention, is not intended to limit the present invention.
Embodiment 1: wild erythroculter ilishaeformis is raised and train
The collection of wild erythroculter ilishaeformis: fish for wild erythroculter ilishaeformis in Changshou, Chongqing lake during year February in December, 2011 to 2012, and choose individuality more than 1.2 kilograms, the age, body surface was anosis without wound, the normal erythroculter ilishaeformis of build for raising and train parent more than 3 ages in winter; To choose in parent and transportation operation soft, avoid parent injured as far as possible.
The selection in pond: select the long-lived Hu Zhen in Changshou District, Chongqing City to converge a fishpond in town as the pond of breeding wild erythroculter ilishaeformis of the present invention, 10 mu of this pond areas, the dark 2.5m in pond, depth of water 2m, the soil end, mud 5-10cm, smooth at the bottom of the pond in pond, note draining convenience, is equipped with one, 3KW aerator in pond.Water quality situation: water temperature 7-34 ℃, water quality meets national fishery cultivating water supply standard.
Pond treatment: clean up the pond with 100kg/ mu quicklime in the pool, fishpond on the 26th November in 2011, parent enters to add the water logging of 300ppm gall nut with 2% salt before pond and wash 3-5 minute; Every batch of fish enters behind pond, and full pool spilling head povidone iodine connects and sprinkles two days, once a day.
Enter the pond time: on February 27,12 days to 2012 December in 2011.
Quantity: gross weight 236kg, the average 2.1kg/ tail of specification, wherein large individuality has 3.2kg/ tail, little individual 1.3kg/ tail.
Pond management: (1) special messenger is in charge of, and morning, noon and afternoon every day are patrolled pond; (2) fishpond water quality is detected weekly once, low temperature season 10-15 days changes water once, and high temperature season changes weekly water once, once changes water 20-30%, keeps fishpond water quality good; (3) perform every day and raise and train management accounts.
Feed domestication: throw in the silver carp of 2-3 cun of approximately 800 jin in fishpond as forage fiss, the more than 40% buoyancy feed of protein content of simultaneously throwing something and feeding, had both met the feeding habits demand of its wildlife property, got back and promoted the nutritional requirement of gonad development.The manufactured feed of can throwing something and feeding one time 3 days winters, inferior feeding rate 0.7%, throw one day after once in March, 2012, inferior feeding rate 0.5-1.5%, specifically increase and decrease with parent's the situation of ingesting, forage fiss adds once according to variable density January, just reduces gradually the interpolation of forage fiss after parent population is robbed food buoyancy feed.
Fish disease prevention and cure: in the process of raising and train, monthly regularly only prevent and treat Ciliata parasite, prevent and treat Dactylogyrus with chlorophos with protozoon, have the bacillary foster disease of povidone iodine control.
Embodiment 2: prepare prefecundation
Parent's stimulation of washing by water: after parent propagation is mid-April in previous month, for the erythroculter ilishaeformis in pond is washed by water weekly 1 time, one time 2 hours; Before hastening parturition the first tenday period of a month in late April to May, wash by water once every day, each 1～2 hour.
Spawning pond is prepared: May, early and middle ten days was prepared spawning pond, and this spawning pond is the circular spawning pond of 8 meters of diameters, dark 1.2-1.5 rice, and water temperature stability is more than 25 ℃; One small-sized net cage is set in spawning pond; For preventing that parent population from jumping out, cause unnecessary injures and deaths, must the good close net sheet of cover above spawning pond.
Parent selects: female erythroculter ilishaeformis ovary profile is obvious, and belly is soft and resilient as female parent.The a large amount of pearl stars in male erythroculter ilishaeformis side, hand touches with harsh feeling, gently press belly have milky thickness seminal fluid flow out as male parent; Female-male proportion is generally 1: 1, about 10 groups of the every crowd of parents.
Parent transfer: because of the kind jump of erythroculter ilishaeformis, hot-tempered, the easy anoxic of disposition, therefore select to draw in the net parent to be transported to spawning pond from pond, draw in the net to operate brisk, means of transport is the long soft cloth clamp of 80cm, cloth clamp once transports 1 tail parent population, avoid mutual grazing wound, the parent who ships first weighs, after put into net cage.
Injection oxytocic drug: parent is contained in cloth clamp and is placed in water and injects oxytocic drug, and the personnel of hastening parturition require coordination, shorten the dried up time of erythroculter ilishaeformis as far as possible; Oxytocic drug dosage: 5-6mg DOM and 10～12 μ g LHRH-A2 rauns, milter dosage reduces by half, every tail parent population injection 1～2mL, the injection of pectoral fin base portion, wherein, DOM is DOM; LHRH-A2 is luliberin.
Antenatal stimulation: after injectable drug, spawning pond can carry out stimulation by running water, flow control, in about 0.1-0.2 meter per second, enters draining and keeps balance, and in pond, hangs a small amount of polyvinyl chloride screen cloth bar etc. and lure and use laying nest.
Embodiment 3: artificial insemination:
Parent population is hastened parturition to about approximately 8 hours estrus times.In the time that parent population starts to oestrus and forms peak, male and female parent population is caught respectively, with the moisture on soft towel fish body, then ovum is clamp-oned in dry washbasin together with seminal fluid, and constantly stirred with hard chicken feather, add again clear water to stir after making it fully mixed to allow its fertilization.
Embodiment 4: unsticking hatching
After artificial insemination 3-4 minute, fertilized egg is poured at leisure and prepared unsticking in talcous water, continue to stir, till not luming to fish-egg.Again through several minutes, the ovum of unsticking is placed in clear water and is cleaned, be then poured into and in hatching pail, carry out Lotic hatching.Fish-egg is generally at 48 hours rear demouldings, and within 4 days, low back point forms, and can carry out fry rearing in the following pool.
Embodiment 5: parent population nursing in postpartum
Because of erythroculter ilishaeformis disposition hot-tempered, kind jump, after artificial insemination, injured heavier, physique is poor only has the processing of the marketable fish of work, injured less, good being handled as follows of physique: 1. inject anti-microbial type medicine: postpartum, parent population was all injected gentamicin (2-4 ten thousand units/tail); 2. body surface processing: postpartum, parent population body surface had the liquor potassic permanganate of the place 2000-3000PPM of wound to put foam (liquid must guard against can not flow into the gill in) on the skin, then smear Hui Chi after erythromycin ointment; 3. fishpond waterbody sterilization: after postpartum parent population Hui Chi, 2 times/day of the povidone iodine of splashing, sprinkle once for 2 days.
The present invention is not limited to above-mentioned preferred forms, any modification relevant of the present invention or change that anyone does under enlightenment of the present invention, and every have identical with a application or akin technical scheme, within all dropping on protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a Propogation and culture method for erythroculter ilishaeformis, is characterized in that: the Propogation and culture method of described erythroculter ilishaeformis comprises the following steps:
1. choosing of wild erythroculter ilishaeformis: more than catching individual 1.2kg, 3 ages in winter of age above and body surface without sick and wounded wild erythroculter ilishaeformis as raising and train parent;
2. pond treatment: erythroculter ilishaeformis enters before pond, cleans up the pond described pond with quicklime, and is that 2% salt adds the water logging of 300ppm gall nut and washes 3～5 minutes by weight ratio, and water temperature remains between 7～34 ℃;
The wild erythroculter ilishaeformis of 3. step being caught in is 1. put into the pond that 2. step was processed, and erythroculter ilishaeformis enters behind pond, full pool spilling head povidone iodine, every day 1 time, continuous two days;
4. feed domestication: throw in manufactured feed in described pond, described fish meal comprises forage fiss and buoyancy feed, and in described buoyancy feed, the content of protein is more than 40%; In 3 months, described wild erythroculter ilishaeformis input pond, within 3～4 days, throw in a manufactured feed, the weight ratio of at every turn throwing forage fiss is 0.7%; While entering pond 3～4 months, within 1 day, throw in a buoyancy feed, forage fiss is thrown in once for 20～40 days, and the weight ratio of at every turn throwing forage fiss is 0.5～1.5%, and according to the food situation of erythroculter ilishaeformis, the injected volume of described forage fiss successively decreases;
5. fish disease prevention and cure: in feed domesticating and cultivating process, only prevent and treat Ciliata parasite with protozoon, prevent and treat Dactylogyrus with chlorophos, by the bacillary foster disease of povidone iodine control, monthly once;
6. the antenatal bath of artificial propagation: a. stimulates: from breeding previous month, wash by water weekly 1 time for the red platinum of mouth that sticks up in pond, one time 2 hours, wash by water two weeks; 15 days from breeding start, and wash by water once every day, each 1～2 hour; B. from pond, selecting female-male proportion is that some tail erythroculter ilishaeformis of 1: 1 are as parent; C. in ready spawning pond, net cage is set, selected parent is transported in described net cage, and injects oxytocic drug, described oxytocic drug is: raun is 5-6mg DOM and 10-12 μ g LHRH-A2, milter dosage is the half of raun, every tail parent population injection 1～2mL; D. hasten parturition: inject after described oxytocic drug, carry out stimulation by running water in spawning pond, flow velocity is 0.1～0.2 meter per second, hangs with polyvinyl chloride screen cloth bar in described spawning pond; E. artificial insemination: in the time that described parent oestruses and forms peak, described parent has been caught, then ovum has been clamp-oned together with seminal fluid in drying receptacle, stirred, added again clear water to stir after fully mixing and make its fertilization, obtained fertilized egg; F. unsticking hatching: artificial insemination was poured described fertilized egg lentamente into and prepared unsticking in talcous water after 3～4 minute, continues to stir, till not luming to fertilized egg; Then the fertilized egg of unsticking is placed in clear water and cleans, then be poured into and in hatching pail, carry out Lotic hatching; G. the fertilized egg after hatching is put into pond and carry out fry rearing.
2. the Propogation and culture method of erythroculter ilishaeformis according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described in the clean up the pond quicklime of use be 100kg/ mu.
3. the Propogation and culture method of erythroculter ilishaeformis according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the water quality to described pond detects, and weekly at least one times, low temperature season changes water once in 10～15 days, and high temperature season changes weekly water once.
4. the Propogation and culture method of erythroculter ilishaeformis according to claim 3, is characterized in that: the volume that at every turn changes water is 20～30%.
5. the Propogation and culture method of erythroculter ilishaeformis according to claim 1, is characterized in that: forage fiss is the silver carp of 2～3 cun.
6. the Propogation and culture method of erythroculter ilishaeformis according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described spawning pond is the circular spawning pond of diameter 8m, the degree of depth 1.2～1.5m, and water temperature is more than 25 ℃.
7. the Propogation and culture method of erythroculter ilishaeformis according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: being transported to the means of transport that spawning pond uses from pond is the long soft cloth clamp of 80cm, the each transportation of described cloth clamp 1 tail parent population, puts into net cage after the parent who ships is weighed.
8. the Propogation and culture method of erythroculter ilishaeformis according to claim 1, is characterized in that: above described spawning pond, be covered with close net sheet.
9. Propogation and culture method of sticking up the red platinum of mouth according to claim 1, is characterized in that: 10 mu of described pond areas, and dark 2.5 meters of pond, 2 meters of the depth of waters, the soil end, mud 5～10cm is smooth at the bottom of pond.
10. the Propogation and culture method of erythroculter ilishaeformis according to claim 9, is characterized in that: in described pond, be equipped with aerator.
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| CN103814849A (en) * | 2014-03-04 | 2014-05-28 | 江西省水产科学研究所 | Method for breeding winter fries by co-pond self-reproduction in Ancherythroculter nigrocauda main cultivated pond |
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| CN106719131A (en) * | 2016-11-28 | 2017-05-31 | 山东省淡水渔业研究院 | A kind of propagation method suitable for sticking up mouth Culter family selective breedings |
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| CN104719224A (en) * | 2015-04-15 | 2015-06-24 | 安徽富煌三珍食品集团有限公司 | Natural spawning and hatching dual-function equipment and artificial mass propagation method for erythroculter ilishaeformis |
| CN105475200A (en) * | 2015-12-24 | 2016-04-13 | 南宁学院 | Artificial insemination method of pangasius sutchi |
| CN105994075A (en) * | 2016-06-28 | 2016-10-12 | 苏州市相城区阳澄湖镇剑美水产生态养殖专业合作社 | Method for breeding Lake Tai whitefish |
| CN106719131A (en) * | 2016-11-28 | 2017-05-31 | 山东省淡水渔业研究院 | A kind of propagation method suitable for sticking up mouth Culter family selective breedings |
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