JPH06169665A - Artificial onshore cultivation of pearl oyster, etc. - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To promote the growth of pearl oyster and reduce the death rate of the oyster by using a complete onshore factory, proliferating enteric bacteria with artificial seawater and properly feeding the oyster with defatted milk powder as harmless organic material. CONSTITUTION:The seed collection and the artificial culture of pearl oyster or other fish and shellfish are carried out in an onshore factory using defatted milk powder as a feed in an artificial seawater having water quality controlled to a condition close to natural environment. The seed collection and the cultivation can be carried out under harmless condition to enable the reduction of cost. The growth of the pearl oyster is promoted and the death rate is decreased by the use of a complete onshore factory, the supply of oxygen, the proliferation of bacteria and the application of proper amount of defatted milk powder as a feed.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention is a land for pearl oysters, etc. that artificially collects seedlings (artificial hatching) and aquaculture (cultivation) of pearl oysters and other shellfishes on land using skim milk powder (for example, skim milk, trade name) as feed. It concerns artificial culture methods.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventional seedlings are collected on land and aquaculture is carried out in the natural sea.
The plankton is used as feed. However, plankton is a protozoan in micro units, and its artificial culture is very cumbersome and difficult, and requires an experienced engineer with specialized education.

[0003] A large amount of culture drug must be used, a culture room in a special facility is required, and a lot of fixed costs such as land acquisition cost and facility cost are required, and plankton is cultured and propagated by photosynthesis. For 6000
Since it is necessary to irradiate light of about 10000 lux without interruption during the day and night, electricity charges are heavy, and a large amount of expenses such as personnel drug costs are required.

In the natural sea culture method, rafts or ropes are attached to the sea and fixed laying with anchors, shellfish are put in pearl nets for aquaculture, and natural disasters such as earthquakes, tsunamis, heavy rain, intense heat, and cold waves are caused. There was no means of defense. In the natural sea culture method, when the seawater temperature is 15 ° C or lower, plankton, which should be nutritive for pearl oysters, becomes seeds and sunk into the mud on the seabed, so there is no plankton in the sea. . Therefore, since there is nothing to be nourished, pearl oysters are forced to hibernate for about 6 months from November to April of the following year, during which growth and development are stopped.

[0005]

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] A large fixed cost such as land acquisition cost, construction cost, facility cost for plankton culture facility is required, and a large amount of plankton culture equipment, culture chemicals, electric charges, labor cost, etc. are recorded. Cost money. Again about 1
Since the culture is performed using 0 kinds of chemicals, the chemical damage remains, and it is difficult to control the plankton artificial culture technology, and a specialist is required. In addition, plankton is sensitive to the conditioned reaction, and it has to be said that it is extremely difficult to completely culture the target quantity due to a slight change, and stable supply could not be achieved.

The present invention was devised in order to solve the above-mentioned drawbacks of the prior art, and was completely factory-made on land to generate and proliferate intestinal bacteria (bacteria) by artificial seawater and harmless organic feed. The purpose is to provide a land-based artificial culture method for pearl oysters, etc., which promotes growth and growth and reduces mortality by appropriately feeding skim milk powder.

[0007]

Means for Solving the Problems The gist of the present invention is to use skim milk powder as a feed and artificial seawater whose water quality is controlled under conditions close to the natural environment to collect and artificially cultivate pearl mussels and other fish and shellfish on land. This is a land-based artificial culture method for pearl oysters and the like.

The present invention will be described in detail below. i) Use skim milk powder as feed. The present natural sea is polluted, and due to the decrease in all types of fish and shellfish, many types are cultivated by artificial seedlings and aquaculture. Especially, it is necessary to pay attention to the seedlings, and since the live leave at the time of the seedlings is very small, it is necessary to have fine nutrition. Currently, about 5μ of plankton is artificially cultured and collected. However, culturing this plankton is very difficult and requires a large amount of cost and labor cost, so I sought to find a nutritional source to replace plankton, and I found out that skim milk powder (trade name skim milk) was the focus. The skim milk powder has the following features. (A) Nonfat dry milk is a well-balanced feed because it has superior nutritional components in all aspects compared to other organic substances. (See Table 1) (b) It can be easily dissolved in both fresh water and seawater. (C) Feeding does not take time and effort. (D) Harmless cultivation is possible because no chemicals are used. (E) There is no need for rework. (F) Particles and nutrient composition are almost in plankton. (See Table 1) (G) Even amateurs can cultivate and culture. (H) The volume of 1 bottle, the calculation of particles per 1g, etc. are simple, the required feeding amount is easily calculated, and stable supply is possible. (I) Cultivation test results (see Table 2) (nu) If plankton is not cultivated, according to the initial data, about 65% of the electricity bill will be saved. ii) The quality of artificial seawater was controlled to conditions close to the natural environment. The so-called "manufactured seawater that has been water quality controlled to a condition close to the natural environment" means that the presence of bacteria is essential for the purification of seawater, so the existing mechanical filtration device that removes dirt, dust, and bacteria. It means that the water quality is controlled in the natural environment where bacteria are propagated by adopting a filtration device for growing organisms (for example, a coral sand oyster shell filtration device), that is, a bacteria growth device that is fundamentally different from It is a thing. Thus, the above-mentioned propagated bacteria purify seawater and assist the growth of organisms as intestinal bacteria. Table 3 shows the formulation table of artificial seawater.

[0009]

[Table 1]

[0010]

[Table 2]

[0011]

[Table 3]

[0012]

[Table 4]

When artificially culturing fish and shellfish in an aquarium, the biggest problem is the work of removing manure. As shown in the open / close valve A in Table 4, a dung sewage reservoir is created at the bottom of the aquaculture tank, and the open / close valve is used twice in the morning and evening to remove the manure and protect the decrease in PH to prevent seawater oxidation. (The amount of seawater removed should be supplemented from the seawater reserve tank) (According to the test results,
It accumulates at the bottom of the aquarium.) Biological reactor tank shown in Table 4 The root of organism growth is intestinal bacteria.
According to the test results, if the intestinal bacteria do not operate normally,
No matter how much nutrition you give, shellfish will not grow and pearls will not be wound. For this biofiltration device, coral sand or oyster shells or other furnace materials are used to promote the proper cultivation of bacteria. The natural sea is artificially polluted, and aquaculture using the natural sea culture method
60-70% dead. I don't think the Japanese environment is good, but because of the good nutritional balance, the mortality rate due to illness is 6%. (Traffic accidents Accidental deaths are not included) (according to Ministry of Health and Welfare data) Make thorough adjustments to habitat such as indoor temperature, seawater temperature, specific gravity, oxygen, pH, light and degree of water exchange, and carefully consider nutritional conditions. (Because this is a room temperature facility, the shellfish will not hibernate 36
As a result of the test by the above-mentioned cultivation method, the shellfish grew well and the pearls were well wound and the rapid cultivation was successful as compared with the natural sea culture method.
With the short-term rapid cultivation method, it becomes possible to grow large mother oysters, and double crop cultivation of large balls of 10 to 12 mm is possible.
(It will be completed in 6 months) (It takes 1 to 2 years in the natural sea culture method)

[0014]

EFFECTS OF THE INVENTION In the present invention, skim milk powder is used as the feed, so that the required amount of organic nutrients can be planned and prepared, and easily supplied. Harmless harvesting and aquaculture (cultivation) of fish and shellfish such as pearl oysters are harmless. It is epoch-making because it can be done in the same place, saves expenses, and contributes to the industry.

Further, according to the present invention, it is possible to promote growth and growth and reduce mortality by completely factorying on land, supplying oxygen, generating and growing bacteria, and feeding an appropriate amount of harmless organic nutrients.

Further, since the land culture method of the present invention is completely constructed on land, there is no fear of natural disasters.
In addition, since this aquaculture method is at room temperature (22 to 23 ° C.) all year round, it grows and grows all year round, and it is possible to eliminate the hibernation period and realize short-term forced cultivation.

Claims (1)

[Claims] A land-based artificial culture method for pearl oysters and the like, which comprises using non-fat dry milk as a feed and performing artificial seedling and artificial culture of pearl mussels and other fish and shellfish on land with artificial seawater whose water quality is controlled under conditions close to those of the natural environment.