CN104186368A - Environment-friendly, sanitary and saving type meat breeding duck fermentation bed raising house - Google Patents
Environment-friendly, sanitary and saving type meat breeding duck fermentation bed raising house Download PDFInfo
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- CN104186368A CN104186368A CN201410433219.0A CN201410433219A CN104186368A CN 104186368 A CN104186368 A CN 104186368A CN 201410433219 A CN201410433219 A CN 201410433219A CN 104186368 A CN104186368 A CN 104186368A
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Abstract
The invention discloses an environment-friendly, sanitary and saving type meat breeding duck fermentation bed raising house and belongs to the technical field of poultry raising. The environment-friendly, sanitary and saving type meat breeding duck fermentation bed raising house is mainly characterized in that a breeding duck shed comprises a bottom inflation fermentation bed, and the bottom inflation fermentation bed comprises a fermentation bed cushion layer and an inflation fermentation system below the fermentation bed cushion layer; the fermentation bed cushion layer comprises a surface layer discrete padding layer with the thickness of 20 cm and a lower layer straw layer with the thickness ranging from 15 cm to 20 cm; the inflation fermentation system comprises an inflation power device and an inflation pipeline device connected with the inflation power device and located below the cushion layer. Due to the environment-friendly, sanitary and saving type meat breeding duck fermentation bed raising house, the problem that fermentation bed padding hardens because of biological characteristics of ducks is effectively solved, the aerobic degradation capacity of fermentation bed padding for dung of the breeding ducks is improved, emission of foul gas and greenhouse gas is reduced, and the aerobic degradation capacity for dung of the breeding ducks is improved; the water requirement in the drought raising stage is met by a drinking device and a spraying cleaning device, and meanwhile, consumption of water sources is reduced.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to bird breeding technology field, particularly a kind of environmental protection, health and economizing type meat kind duck fermentation bed breeding house.
Background technology
Along with meat kind duck intensive culture, particularly promoting the use of Growth of Cherry Valley meat kind duck intensive culture, Growth of Cherry Valley meat kind duck water is supported mode and is brought many drawbacks: first, meat kind duck high-density rearing causes duck excreta to concentrate discharge at the water body of limited area, cause body eutrophication, destroy natural environment; The second, high-density rearing's mode, causes putting in a suitable place to breed various pathogenic microorganism content severe overweights in the water body of kind of duck, thereby causes the occurred frequently of kind of pest of duck disease, and death rate increases.
Plant duck fermentation bed feeding manner and realize the excremental original position degraded of kind of duck by the aerobic fermentation effect of fermentation bed, solved the excremental processing problem of duck group, optimized the breeding environment of planting duck; But the biological property of duck is different from pig, what it did not have a pig turns over arch habit, and the web structure of duck pawl more easily causes hardening of fermenting bed padding, causes bedding and padding gas permeability variation, and aerobic fermentation suppresses, minimizings of effectively degrading of duck excrement, dead of fermentation bed; Simultaneously, traditional fermenting bed padding thickness is many at 50-80cm, cause that to turn over the needed ploughing depth of machinery of rake for bedding and padding larger, power requires stronger (horsepower is many at 8-12 left and right diesel engine), thereby produce very large noise, the breeding of kind of duck is produced and had a strong impact on, and causing even stress be dead in the laying rate decline of producing kind of duck.
The artificial circulating water pool Growth of Cherry Valley of modified meat kind duck feeding manner, for kind of duck provides an artificial water body, efficiently solve intensive high density meat kind duck and raise the problem such as pollution, pathogenic microorganism content overproof that causes water body, obviously reduced incidence and the death rate of planting pest of duck disease; But, this mode need to be built the cement pit of certain area, and owing to need to keeping the cleannes of water body in pond, need to change frequently water, thereby cause this feeding manner fixation means and daily water source, energy resource consumption larger, simultaneously a large amount of externally discharged waste waters are to environment.
The non-irrigated mode of supporting of tradition, has solved and has planted the dependence of duck to water source, but owing to there is no the cleaning action at water source, caused kind of duck enteron aisle and genital diseases occurred frequently, cause that kind of duck lethality and mortality raise, and high-yielding variety duck more easily falls ill superseded.
Summary of the invention
For overcoming the shortcoming existing in prior art with not enough, primary and foremost purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of environmental protection, health and economizing type meat kind duck fermentation bed breeding house.Environmental protection of the present invention, health, economizing type Growth of Cherry Valley meat kind duck fermentation bed drought are supported pattern, on basis water body being relied in the cultivation of solution Growth of Cherry Valley meat kind duck, the original position degraded, the reduction plant that realize meat kind duck ight soil build area, effectively reduce infectious disease incidence and the death rate of Growth of Cherry Valley meat kind duck, improve the egg laying performance of Growth of Cherry Valley meat kind duck.
Object of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: a kind of environmental protection, health and economizing type meat kind duck fermentation bed breeding house, comprise kind of duck booth and motion threshing ground, and described kind duck booth is connected with motion threshing ground; Described kind duck booth comprises She Qiang, ceiling and bottom inflation fermentation bed, and it is upper that described ceiling is arranged at She Qiang, described bottom inflation fermentation bed be layed in house circummure around ground on; Described bottom inflation fermentation bed comprises the inflation fermentation system of fermentation bed bed course and fermentation bed bed course below; Described fermentation bed bed course comprises the 20cm discreteness padding layer on top layer and the 15-20cm stalk layer of lower floor;
Described inflation fermentation system comprises the gas ducting device under the bed course of inflating power set and be connected;
Described gas ducting device comprises that nanometer aeration pipe, gas tube and gas tube solidify soleplate; Described nanometer aeration pipe is arranged in gas tube, on described gas tube, be provided with venthole, on described curing soleplate, be provided with triangle groove, described gas tube is arranged on triangle groove, described nanometer aeration pipe joins with inflation power set, provides air by inflation power set; Described gas tube is laid on fermenting bed padding bottom according to the spacing of 1～2m.
Described inflation power set comprise blower fan, supervisor, valve and are in charge of; Described blower fan is connected with supervisor, and described supervisor was connected with some being in charge of, and described being in charge of is provided with valve, and described being in charge of with nanometer aeration pipe joined.
Described blower fan is roots blower;
Described supervisor is steel volume flexible pipe;
Described is in charge of for steel volume flexible pipe;
Described kind duck booth is 1:1～1.5 with the Area Ratio in motion threshing ground; Described motion threshing ground adopts fragment of brick to lay; The water gradient is returned from planting duck shed canopy one side direction peripheral hardware 1-3% in described motion threshing ground.
Described motion threshing ground is provided with drinking device and spray cleaning device, and described drinking device and spray cleaning device be arranged in parallel with kind duck shed canopy; Described spray cleaning device is arranged at described drinking device top, and described drinking device comprises drinking trough, drain ditch and slatted floor, and described drain ditch is arranged at the both sides of drinking trough, and described slatted floor is arranged on drain ditch; Described drinking trough adopts external diameter 11-16cmPVC pipe to make, and outer block cement supports; On drain ditch, lay slatted floor for standing to drinking-water kind of a duck; Described slatted floor and drain ditch, below for kind of a duck drinking-water, the water clock part of playing with water are drained rapidly, keep sports ground dry on the one hand; Collect and drain for the water droplet for clean kind of duck health that duck group spray cleaning device is sprayed on the other hand.
Described ceiling comprises thermal insulation layer and the heat-insulation layer on supporter and supporter, set up; Described supporter is preferably triangle steelframe, and described thermal insulation layer is preferably color steel watt, and described heat-insulation layer is preferably 15cm foamed plastics; Can make kind of the insulation of duck booth and a good heat-insulation effect, and duck shed is sturdy and durable.
The top of described ceiling is provided with unpowered turbine ventilated device; Be beneficial to and regulate microclimate in duck shed.
Described She Qiang is by joining around forming near body of wall and other three face walls bodies of motion threshing ground one side; The described body of wall near motion threshing ground one side is made up of the volume film curtain of the high hollow concrete block fence of 1m and upside and ceiling side edge, and described other three face walls bodies are built into by hollow concrete block, on described other three face wall bodies, are provided with ventilation window.
In described fermentation bed, be provided with duck hopper.
In described fermentation bed, be provided with laying nest, described laying nest is arranged at the She Qiang side away from volume film curtain.
Described gas tube is PPR water pipe;
Described discreteness padding layer is waste matter or bacterium slag.
This Growth of Cherry Valley meat kind duck fermentation bed feeding and management method compares that traditional water is supported and the traditional zymotic bed drought pattern of supporting has following advantage:
First, adopt thin pad material fermentation bed structure and the management method of bottom inflation fermentation system, utilizing fermentation bed to realize under kind of the prerequisite of duck ight soil original position degraded, effectively overcome fermenting bed padding that duck biological property the causes problem that hardens, optimize fermenting bed padding structure and management mode, improve the aerobic degradation ability of fermenting bed padding to kind of duck ight soil, reduced the discharge of foul gas and greenhouse gases, made the breeding environment of meat kind duck much cleaner, environmental protection; Simultaneously, thin pad material fermentation bed structure has been saved kind duck fermenting bed padding and has been dropped into and management cost, wherein bedding and padding input cost declines more than 50%, and the machine power of turning over rake bedding and padding requires to decline a lot, purchase and the Energy Consumption Cost of machine for turning up the soil and harrowing tool are significantly declined, and mechanicalness noise decline reduce the stress reaction of planting duck.
Second, the ecological drought of Growth of Cherry Valley meat kind duck is supported booth, motion threshing ground and allocation of facility structure thereof, save the consumption for the facilities such as kind of the pond of duck raising and water source, raise and save water source more than 90% than the Traditional Man water surface according to statistics, thereby reduce the sewage discharge to surrounding enviroment, made that breeding process is saved more, environmental protection; Utilize the outer duck group spray cleaning system of house to meet the biological habit that kind of duck plays with water and clears up feather, the interpolation of disinfection agent of chlorine dioxide makes kind of a duck clean hygiene, effectively reduce epidemic disease incidence and the death rate of kind of duck, improved the productivity of planting duck, improved culture benefit.
The 3rd, this method has improved the aerobic degradation ability of fermenting bed padding to kind of duck ight soil, can improve according to statistics equal area colony house kind duck stock-carrying capacity 15-30%, has improved the cultivation amount of unit duck shed; Meanwhile, the outer duck group spray cleaning system of house described in this method has fundamentally solved traditional kind of duck and has cultivated the dependence to nature or artificial water, has reduced the input that plant builds area aspect.
Through experiment statistics, apply raising method that of the present invention kind of duck breeding house carry out and compare the traditional zymotic bed drought pattern of supporting and improve laying rate 4.59%, compare traditional water pattern of supporting and improve laying rate 1.48%; Fertilization rate difference is not remarkable; Full phase feedstuff-egg ratio reduces by 3.68% than the tradition drought pattern of supporting, and supports pattern feedstuff-egg ratio reduce by 1.09% than traditional water.And laying period kind duck death rate than traditional zymotic bed non-irrigated support pattern low by 40.31%, than traditional water support pattern low by 29.96%; Effectively improve cultivation comprehensive benefit approximately 30%.How this method is promoted the use of in Pei County, Gaoyou etc., year raise duck and only exceed more than 80 ten thousand plumages, wherein Pei County drought is supported 400,000 plumages, account for local 80% of the total amount of raising, substantially solved problem of environmental pollution, save up to ten million waste water treatment expenses, social benefit and ecological benefits are remarkable, are subject to local government, enterprise and raiser's accreditation and favorable comment.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is overall structure profile of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the cross-sectional view of booth;
Fig. 3 is the profile of drinking device and spray cleaning apparatus structure;
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of gas ducting device;
Fig. 5 is the structural representation of inflation power set;
Wherein: a kind of duck booth, 2 motion threshing grounds, 3 ceilings, 4 unpowered turbine ventilated devices, 5 volume film curtains, 6 fences, 7 inflation power set, 8 fermentation bed bottom gas ducting devices, 9 fermentation bed bed courses, 10 laying nests, 11 duck hoppers, 12 ventilation windows, 21 spray cleaning devices, 22 drinking troughs, 23 drain ditchs, 24 slatted floors, 71 blower fans, 72 supervisors, 73 valves, 74 are in charge of, 81 nanometer aeration pipes, 82 gas tubes, 83 solidify soleplate, 84 ventholes, 85 triangle grooves.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment and accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in further detail, but embodiments of the present invention are not limited to this.
Embodiment 1
As shown in figures 1 and 3, the invention provides a kind of environmental protection, health and economizing type meat kind duck fermentation bed breeding house, be specially adapted to the raising of Growth of Cherry Valley meat kind duck, comprise the first, the ecological drought of Growth of Cherry Valley meat kind duck is supported kind of a duck booth 1, motion threshing ground 2 and allocation of facility structure and distribution thereof; The second, give up outer duck group spray cleaning device 21 and management method thereof; The 3rd, Growth of Cherry Valley meat kind duck fermentation bed structure and the daily management method of band bottom inflation fermentation system;
As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, the ecological drought of described Growth of Cherry Valley meat kind duck is supported kind of a duck booth 1, motion threshing ground 2 and allocation of facility structure and distribution thereof:
Growth of Cherry Valley meat kind duck booth 1 is east-west, sit in the north facing the south, long 50-60m, span 10-12m, the high 4.5m in roof, eaves height 2.4m, optimizes ventilation effect, provide simultaneously Growth of Cherry Valley meat kind duck abundance space, to be beneficial to duck only healthy; Use color steel watt with 15cm foamed plastics as ceiling 3, triangle steelframe is as supporter, insulation and good heat-insulation effect, duck shed is more sturdy and durable; Duck shed ceiling 3 is installed unpowered turbine ventilated device 4, is beneficial to and regulates microclimate in duck shed; Duck shed north side abutment wall uses hollow concrete block to be built into, and body of wall is at interval of 1m, arrange push-pull type ventilation window 12 apart from 1m place, ground, and duck shed southern side is used hollow concrete block to be built into the fence 6 that 1m is high, and duck shed southern side is provided with rolls up film curtain 5.The inner brick that uses of duck shed cuts off into 3 hurdles, is beneficial to observation and record, feeding and management and the epidemic disease isolation etc. of a duck creation data, makes it growth evenly; In duck shed, lay fermentation bed, fermenting bed padding thickness is 35～40cm, and laying nest 10 is set in the fermentation bed near abutment wall place, duck shed north side, and duck hopper 11 is evenly set in the middle of duck shed.Motion threshing ground 2 is outdoor formula, is connected with duck shed southern side fence 6, and motion threshing ground 2 is 1～1.5:1 with planting duck booth 1 area ratio; Motion threshing ground 2 adopts fragment of brick to lay, and motion 2 ground, threshing ground are established 1-3% by north orientation south and returned the water gradient, and a little greeneries of sports ground middle part plantation, for sheltering from heat or light summer; As shown in Figure 3, motion threshing ground 2 is provided with east-west drinking trough 22, drinking trough 22 both sides arrange drain ditch 23, drain ditch 23 width 30-40cm, the water gradient is returned by 0.5-1% being set to both sides in the middle of the threshing ground 2 of moving in 23 bottoms, drain ditch, on drain ditch 23, lay slatted floor 24 for standing to drinking-water kind of a duck, width 40-60cm; Directly over drinking trough 22,0.8-1m place arranges the outer duck group spray cleaning device 21 of house along drinking trough direction.Described slatted floor 24 and drain ditch, below 23 for kind of a duck drinking-water, the water clock part of playing with water are drained rapidly, keep motion threshing ground 2 dry on the one hand; Collect and drain for the water droplet for clean kind of duck health that duck group spray cleaning device 21 is sprayed on the other hand.
Described drinking trough 22 adopts external diameter 11-16cmPVC pipe to make, and outer block cement supports.
The outer duck group spray cleaning device 21 of described house is made up of time control switch, doser, water pump, water pipe, atomizer: the external duck shed running water pipe of doser, when can automatically chlorine dioxide concentrate being added by a certain percentage when water flow in water pipe in spraying water, doser of pressure pump, other end is connected with water pipe, on water pipe spraying pipeline, every 1-1.5m, atomizer is housed.The KG316T type microcomputer time-controlled switch that described time control switch adopts Zhejiang Ai Deli Electrical Appliances Co., Ltd to produce, time control switch directly connects power supply, controls the switch time of pump power every day; Pressure pump used is commercially available common carwash force pump, operating pressure 1-6MPa.Described water pipe adopts commercially available PVC4-7 hollow billet (internal diameter 4mm, external diameter 7mm), atomizer adopts the adjustable atomizer of closing of commercially available band threeway, capacity of sprinkler and atomizing effect can regulate, water fog particle is trickle≤and 70 microns, flow 0-7L/h, spread of spray diameter 80cm, nozzle is detachably convenient to clean.
Giving up outer duck group spray cleaning device 21 is to work like this:
According to daytime every day duck group characteristic of activities and seasonal characteristic, make kind of duck accept at drinking-water the water smoke (chlorine dioxide concentration 5-20ppm in spray water) that spray contains chlorine dioxide simultaneously; By regulating time control switch, set pressure pump work every day 3-5 time (general summer high temperature weather is opened 4-5 time, and spring and autumn is opened 3 times), each spray time 10-20min; According to the clean situation of kind of duck and temperature height, by regulating the each capacity of sprinkler of atomizer control at 3-5L/h, generally plant the higher or temperature of dirtier, the recent death rate of duck body surface and improve capacity of sprinkler when higher.
Give up outer duck group spray cleaning device 21 and spray mainly in spring, summer, three seasons of autumn, winter, cold snap was not sprayed.The weather that generally has a moderate climate is sprayed 3 times every day, is respectively morning kind duck and puts when circle, afternoon 1-2 point, afternoon kind duck and return duck shed first 1 hour.Concrete operations are: first, kind duck was just put into and opened the outer duck group spray cleaning system of house after sports ground and carry out whole day and spray for the first time morning, now plant duck in duck shed through a night, be badly in need of drinking-water, plant duck defecation at night and high density simultaneously and be in contact with one another, plant duck mating, cause duck body in morning, feather seriously polluted, so it is best to kind of duck cleaning effect now to spray, has reduced simultaneously and planted the pollution that duck plays with water to drinking water; The second, afternoon 1-2 point provides for the second time and sprays, now plant duck through the morning after the activity on sports ground, contact, defecation duck body dirtier, and now temperature is higher, spraying can effectively be cleaned duck body and reduce the heat stress of high-yielding variety duck; The 3rd, afternoon, kind duck returned duck shed first 1 hour, because duck excrement is accumulated at sports ground for one day, now plant duck contact ight soil amount maximum, simultaneously large by the kind duck density in night of loop, contact is many, easily cause epidemic disease to infect, now spraying can effectively be cleaned duck body, effectively avoids the propagation of duck disease.In the time that temperature is higher, can suitably increase 1-2 spraying in the high temperature period daytime every day, so that kind of duck is lowered the temperature on this basis.
The advantage of giving up outer duck group spray cleaning device 21 is: the first, meet Growth of Cherry Valley meat kind duck by the biological habit of play with water cleaning duck body and feather, and suppressed the kind duck frequency of dabbling in drinking trough simultaneously, reduce and planted pollution and the waste of duck to drinking water; Second, owing to adding chlorine dioxide in spray water, kind of a duck body surface is played to disinfective action, effectively reduce epidemic disease incidence and the death rate of Growth of Cherry Valley meat kind duck, take according to statistics the non-irrigated mode of supporting of fermentation bed kind duck of giving up external spraying cleaning systems than low by 40.3% without the foster full phase death rate of mode kind duck of fermentation bed kind duck drought of giving up external spraying cleaning systems; The 3rd, compared with the artificial circulating water pool Growth of Cherry Valley of modified meat kind duck feeding manner, significantly reduce water cost: taking summer as example, 4.5 tons of left and right of the artificial circulating water pool Growth of Cherry Valley of the modified meat kind every daily water consumption of duck shed of duck feeding manner, and duck group spray cleaning system starts 5 times every day, each 15-20min, (50 shower nozzle * 4L*1.5h) duck shed water consumption 300kg left and right, economizes on water more than 90% than the former; The 4th, at hot weather, Growth of Cherry Valley meat kind duck spraying is also played to cooling function, because slatted floor and ditch below arrange, unnecessary water is discharged fast simultaneously, keep being dried of sports ground, reduce the incidence of Growth of Cherry Valley meat kind duck heat stress.
As shown in Figure 1, the Growth of Cherry Valley meat kind duck fermentation bed structure of described band bottom inflation fermentation system, comprising: the discreteness padding layer of top layer 20cm, the 15-20cm of lower floor stalk layer, the fermentation bed bottom inflation fermentation system of bottom.
Described inflation fermentation system comprises the gas ducting device 8 under the bed course of inflating power set 7 and be connected.
As shown in Figure 4, described gas ducting device 8 comprises that nanometer aeration pipe 81, gas tube 82 and gas tube solidify soleplate 83; Described gas tube is PPR water pipe.
As shown in Figure 5, described inflation power set 7 comprise blower fan 71, supervisor 72, valve 73 and are in charge of 74; Described blower fan 71 is roots blower; Described supervisor 72 is steel volume flexible pipe; Described is in charge of 74 for steel volume flexible pipe.
HRE50L type roots blower (rated power 1.5kw, rated voltage 220/380v, maximum quantity of wind 180m that described roots blower adopts Zhenglin, Zhejiang Machinery Manufacturing Co., Ltd. to produce
3/ h, maximum gas pressure 30kpa, noise≤60db), one this kind specification Roots motor can be inflated with fermentation bed bottom the kind duck of the specification of the present invention of 4000-8000 ㎡, effectively promotes pad material fermentation.
Described steel volume flexible pipe adopts the steel wire reinforcement rubber outer covering layer flexible pipe (operating pressure 25Mpa, burst pressure 100Mpa) of commercially available internal diameter 6.4mm; Described nanometer aeration pipe adopt the hundred river board antimicrobial form micropore aeration pipes that hundred river oxygen increasing equipment Co., Ltds of Jiangyin City produce (aeration tube external diameter:
internal diameter:
micropore average pore size:
micropore is arranged density: 700～1200/meter).
Fermentation bed bottom inflation fermentation system structure comprises main line and branch line, the steel that comprises Roots's motor on main line structure and be attached thereto is compiled flexible pipe, steel is compiled flexible pipe and is provided with branch, the air-flow that Roots's motor is produced is transported to each duck shed, each bifurcation is provided with valve 73, controls the switch of each duck shed inflation fermentation air-flow, the steel volume flexible pipe arriving outside every duck shed extends along duck shed north side, form branch every 1-2 rice and be laid on bottom, duck shed fermenting bed padding pond, these branches form fermentation bed bottom inflation installation for fermenting branch line, branch line is compiled after flexible pipe is introduced bottom, duck shed fermenting bed padding pond, every 30-50cm, 10-15cm nanometer aeration pipe is installed by steel, 1 cun of PPR water pipe of nanometer aeration pipe overcoat diameter, water pipe two seals fixing by paraffin, diameter 0.2cm venthole 84 is opened at interval of 0.5-1cm distance in water pipe outer surface horizontal direction both sides and two skew backs below, for inflating to fermentation bed lower floor bedding and padding.
Inflation line is solidified soleplate 83: bottom, fermenting bed padding pond laying fermentation bed bottom inflation fermentation system props up the ground of line position and need tamp in advance, and lay the cement plate with triangle groove 85, for placing and solid-state fermentation bed bottom inflation installation for fermenting branch line.
Before laying fermentation bed bed course 9, the steel that installs nanometer aeration pipe 81 and overcoat PPR water pipe is compiled to hose line and be laid on bottom, fermenting bed padding pond according to the spacing of 1-2m.
The advantage of the Growth of Cherry Valley meat kind duck fermentation bed structure of band bottom inflation fermentation system is: first, pipe installation is simple, durable in use, cost is low: be main piping material owing to having adopted steel to compile flexible pipe, steel is compiled flexible pipe resistance to compression, pliability is good, the features such as flexible, acid and alkali-resistance, high temperature resistant, low temperature, be laid on earth's surface and fermenting bed padding bottom not fragile, and cost is very low; Meanwhile, because being directly inflates fermentation bed bottom, do not need the mechanicalness of bottom bedding and padding to turn over rake operation, so do not need to buy the large-scale machine for turning up the soil and harrowing tools such as powerful turner, reduced the consumption of machine for turning up the soil and harrowing tool and energy cost.The second, improve breeding environment, and more environmental protection: bottom inflation fermentation promotes fermentation bed bottom anaerobic environment to become aerobic environment, suppresses NH
3, H
2the foul gas such as S and CH
4, N
2the generation of O isothermal chamber gas, has improved cultivation and ecotope, has reduced the incidence of planting pest of duck disease.The 3rd, further improve the density of Growth of Cherry Valley meat kind duck intensive farm, bottom inflation fermentation system has also promoted the aerobic degradation of duck excrement in the 20cm of top layer, thereby has improved the stock-carrying capacity of unit are fermentation bed, has increased the kind duck number of animals raised of identical duck shed.The 4th, strengthen in the winter time opening frequency and can effectively improving the temperature of bedding and padding inside of inflation fermentation system, warm living environment is provided to Growth of Cherry Valley meat kind duck, avoid low temperature stress appearance.The 5th, the bedding and padding that adopt bottom inflation fermentation system to start leavening and syrup to adding are inflated fermentation, can improve fast bedding and padding temperature, can effectively kill sex pheromone residual in fermenting bed padding and parasitic ovum.
Laying structure and the management method thereof of Growth of Cherry Valley meat kind duck fermentation bed:
The described kind of about 35-40cm of duck fermenting bed padding thickness.Fermenting bed padding laying structure and processing method are: the 20cm of lower floor adopts complete maize straw or rice and wheat straw, stalk is 90 ° of intersections every 5cm thickness and lays, lay in every layer of stalk process, evenly in stalk, spray inoculation fermentation bed startup leavening, keep lower floor's stalk padding layer humidity at 35-45%; The bedding and padding such as vinasse, bacterium chaff that adopt discreteness are laid on upper strata, process of deployment is sprayed inoculation fermentation bed startup leavening in bedding and padding, keep upper strata stalk padding layer humidity in 45% left and right, then overlay film fermentation, in 7 days winters of fermentation time, in 14 days summers, open during this time fermentation bed bottom inflation fermentation system every day to bottom bedding and padding inflation 0.5-1 hour, thereby promote the fermenting bed padding bulk temperature of just having laid to be climbed to 55-60 DEG C, complete and start fermentation.
Plant the daily management method of duck fermenting bed padding:
Because the web structure of duck pawl easily causes hardening of fermenting bed padding top layer, cause bedding and padding gas permeability variation, so regularly kind of duck shed fermentation bed top layer 15-20cm bedding and padding being turned over to rake processes, fermentation bed bottom stalk layer also needs regular replenishment oxygenation, promote aerobic fermentation, accelerate fermenting bed padding entirety to kind of a zymohydrolysis for duck ight soil, suppress reproducibility foul gas (NH
3, H
2s etc.) generation.Specifically: according to the top layer bedding and padding degree that hardens, every 3-5 days, top layer bedding and padding are turned over to rake.Morning, take advantage of kind of duck and all go out kind of duck sports ground after activity from duck shed, kind of a duck is isolated in to duck shed outside with isolation purse seine, prevent from planting individually duck kind of the duck shed of running back; Then, plant one jiao of duck playground duck shed farthest in distance and start machine for turning up the soil and harrowing, after each startup machine for turning up the soil and harrowing, first keep 1-2 minute under machine for turning up the soil and harrowing idling mode, observe kind of a duck group state, when after the stress reactions such as duck group performance is not obviously dodged noise, convulsions, operation machine for turning up the soil and harrowing, turns over rake, fragmentation to kind of duck shed fermentation bed top layer bedding and padding, turns over rake degree of depth 17.5-20cm; After fermenting bed padding turns over and has harrowed, start centrifugal humidifier, advance along duck shed southern side, to even spraying in house, remove rapidly in kind of duck shed the airborne dust producing owing to turning over rake bedding and padding, open fermentation bed bottom inflation fermentation system simultaneously, to the bedding and padding inflation oxygenating of fermentation bed bottom, promote aerobic fermentation, inflation fermentation time is controlled at 0.5-1 hour according to bedding and padding humidity situation, when high humidity, inflationtime is long, and humidity hour inflationtime shortens; After kind of duck shed airborne dust is removed, remove isolation purse seine and allow kind of a duck freely to enter duck shed.In the time using centrifugation humidifier spray for dust suppression, can in the Water in Water Tank of centrifugation humidifier, add as required 5-10ppm chlorine dioxide for colony house is sterilized, also can in Water in Water Tank, add fermentation bed fermenting agent in order to supplement the beneficial bacterium in bedding and padding, promote the carrying out of the useful fermentation of fermentation bed.Described fermentation bed fermenting agent adopts the II type fermentation bed fermenting agent of academy of agricultural sciences of Jiangsu Province herding Research Institute.
The management of bottom inflation fermentation system to fermentation bed lower floor bedding and padding:
While rake except turning at top layer bedding and padding, to bottom bedding and padding, inflation is fermented, also comprise that following situation manages bottom bedding and padding: first, daily inflation fermentation, lay eggs early stage Growth of Cherry Valley meat kind duck, every 2-3 days once, each 20-30min, Growth of Cherry Valley meat kind duck laying period, is to eliminating, every 1-2 days once, and each 30min generally takes advantage of kind of duck and in the time of sports ground, inflates fermentation daytime, the second, winter low temperature weather, in order to improve fermentation bed duck shed temperature, 8-10 point starts fermentation bed bottom inflation fermentation system at night, and each 30-50min, generally can improve kind of a duck ABD pad material temperature degree 3-5 DEG C, the 3rd, introduce before novel species duck newly-hatched duckling, when fermenting bed padding is restarted to fermentation, the bedding and padding that start leavening and white sugar to adding are inflated fermentation, can improve fast bedding and padding temperature, can effectively kill sex pheromone residual in fermenting bed padding and parasitic ovum, specifically, first bedding and padding are carried out to entirety and turn over rake, degree of depth 30-35cm, then add by the I type fermentation bed that contains academy of agricultural sciences of Jiangsu Province herding Research Institute and start fermenting agent and white sugar water, fermentation bed bacteria addition 1kg/500-600 ㎡, white sugar addition 5-10kg/100 ㎡, adjust bedding and padding humidity to 40-50%, the now overcover such as fermentation bed Surface mulch film or straw screen or mat, start fermentation bed bottom inflation fermentation system, every day 3 times, each 30-50min, rise to 50 DEG C of left and right through 3-5 days bedding and padding ensemble average temperature, local temperature exceedes 60 DEG C, remove Surface mulch thing, mean temperature continues the 5 DEG C of left and right of rising, maintain 3-5 days, harmful sex pheromone and parasitic ovum in bedding and padding are killed substantially, now stop above-mentioned inflation fermentation operation, fermenting bed padding is restarted and has been fermented, raise through within 7-10 days, introducing newly-hatched duckling again.
The YYS-101 self-propelled rotary cultivator that described machine for turning up the soil and harrowing adopts Yiwu Yuan You plant equipment Co., Ltd to produce, adopts 6.5 petrol engines, ploughing depth 175-350mm.
Described centrifugal humidifier adopts the SC-LX-YD type spinning disk humidifier that above sea cowry water chestnut Electrical Appliances Co., Ltd produces, rated voltage 220V, Maximum Ventilatory Volume 6000m
3, maximum spray amount 50kg/h.
The laying structure of Growth of Cherry Valley meat kind duck fermentation bed and the advantage of management method thereof are: first, the cost that has reduced fermenting bed padding drops into, the bedding and padding thickness of general fermentation bed cultivation is 50-80cm, and the higher bedding and padding raw materials of relative cost such as wood chip, rice husk that adopt more, the bedding and padding thickness that the present invention adopts only has 35-40cm, and the lower floor's bedding and padding that adopt are corn or the rice and wheat straw that can easily obtain in vast rural area, what top layer adopted is also the agricultural wastes such as waste matter and bacterium slag, thereby greatly reduces the bedding and padding cost that Growth of Cherry Valley meat kind duck fermentation bed is raised, second, adopt top layer machine for turning up the soil and harrowing tool horsepower little, noise is little, kind of duck is produced stress be little, do not affect kind of a duck productivity: because the duck shed fermenting bed padding gross thickness adopting is less than 40cm, top layer discreteness bedding and padding thickness only has 20cm, institute's use rotovator adopts 6.5 petrol engines, it is little a lot of that noise is compared conventional diesel rotovator, simultaneously, only need 15-20cm owing to turning over the rake bedding and padding degree of depth, little to turning over the power demand of rake, the output of general warranty 1/3-1/2 power can complete top layer bedding and padding and turn over rake, while turning over rake, kind duck is driven into outside house simultaneously, so substantially can not exert an influence to kind of a duck.
This Growth of Cherry Valley meat kind duck fermentation bed feeding and management method compares that traditional water is supported and the traditional zymotic bed drought pattern of supporting has following advantage:
First, adopt thin pad material fermentation bed structure and the management method of bottom inflation fermentation system, utilizing fermentation bed to realize under kind of the prerequisite of duck ight soil original position degraded, effectively overcome fermenting bed padding that duck biological property the causes problem that hardens, optimize fermenting bed padding structure and management mode, improve the aerobic degradation ability of fermenting bed padding to kind of duck ight soil, reduced the discharge of foul gas and greenhouse gases, made the breeding environment of meat kind duck much cleaner, environmental protection; Simultaneously, thin pad material fermentation bed structure has been saved kind duck fermenting bed padding and has been dropped into and management cost, wherein bedding and padding input cost declines more than 50%, and the machine power of turning over rake bedding and padding requires to decline a lot, purchase and the Energy Consumption Cost of machine for turning up the soil and harrowing tool are significantly declined, and mechanicalness noise decline reduce the stress reaction of planting duck.
Second, the ecological drought of Growth of Cherry Valley meat kind duck is supported booth, sports ground and allocation of facility structure thereof, save the consumption for the facilities such as kind of the pond of duck raising and water source, raise and save water source more than 90% than the Traditional Man water surface according to statistics, thereby reduce the sewage discharge to surrounding enviroment, made that breeding process is saved more, environmental protection; Utilize the outer duck group spray cleaning system of house to meet the biological habit that kind of duck plays with water and clears up feather, the interpolation of disinfection agent of chlorine dioxide makes kind of a duck clean hygiene, effectively reduce epidemic disease incidence and the death rate of kind of duck, improved the productivity of planting duck, improved culture benefit.
The 3rd, this method has improved the aerobic degradation ability of fermenting bed padding to kind of duck ight soil, can improve according to statistics equal area colony house kind duck stock-carrying capacity 15-30%, has improved the cultivation amount of unit duck shed; Meanwhile, the outer duck group spray cleaning system of house described in this method has fundamentally solved traditional kind of duck and has cultivated the dependence to nature or artificial water, has reduced the input that plant builds area aspect.
Through experiment statistics, this raising method is compared the traditional zymotic bed drought pattern of supporting and is improved laying rate 4.59%, compares traditional water pattern of supporting and improves laying rate 1.48%; Fertilization rate difference is not remarkable; Full phase feedstuff-egg ratio reduces by 3.68% than the tradition drought pattern of supporting, and supports pattern feedstuff-egg ratio reduce by 1.09% than traditional water.And laying period kind duck death rate than traditional zymotic bed non-irrigated support pattern low by 40.31%, than traditional water support pattern low by 29.96%; Effectively improve cultivation comprehensive benefit approximately 30%.How this method is promoted the use of in Pei County, Gaoyou etc., year raise duck and only exceed more than 80 ten thousand plumages, wherein Pei County drought is supported 400,000 plumages, account for local 80% of the total amount of raising, substantially solved problem of environmental pollution, save up to ten million waste water treatment expenses, social benefit and ecological benefits are remarkable, are subject to local government, enterprise and raiser's accreditation and favorable comment.
Above-described embodiment is preferably embodiment of the present invention; but embodiments of the present invention are not restricted to the described embodiments; other any do not deviate from change, the modification done under Spirit Essence of the present invention and principle, substitutes, combination, simplify; all should be equivalent substitute mode, within being included in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. environmental protection, health and an economizing type meat kind duck fermentation bed breeding house, is characterized in that comprising kind of duck booth and motion threshing ground, and described kind duck booth is connected with motion threshing ground; Described kind duck booth comprises She Qiang, ceiling and bottom inflation fermentation bed, and it is upper that described ceiling is arranged at She Qiang, described bottom inflation fermentation bed be layed in house circummure around ground on; Described bottom inflation fermentation bed comprises the inflation fermentation system of fermentation bed bed course and fermentation bed bed course below; Described fermentation bed bed course comprises discreteness padding layer and the 15-20cm of the lower floor stalk layer of top layer 20cm; Described inflation fermentation system comprises the gas ducting device under the bed course of inflating power set and be connected;
Described gas ducting device comprises that nanometer aeration pipe, gas tube and gas tube solidify soleplate; Described nanometer aeration pipe is arranged in gas tube, on described gas tube, be provided with venthole, on described curing soleplate, be provided with triangle groove, described gas tube is arranged on triangle groove, described nanometer aeration pipe joins with inflation power set, provides air by inflation power set; Described gas tube is laid on fermenting bed padding bottom according to the spacing of 1～2m.
2. environmental protection according to claim 1, health and economizing type meat kind duck fermentation bed breeding house, is characterized in that: described inflation power set comprise blower fan, supervisor, valve and are in charge of; Described blower fan is connected with supervisor, and described supervisor was connected with some being in charge of, and described being in charge of is provided with valve, and described being in charge of with nanometer aeration pipe joined.
3. environmental protection according to claim 2, health and economizing type meat kind duck fermentation bed breeding house, is characterized in that: described blower fan is roots blower;
Described supervisor is steel volume flexible pipe;
Described is in charge of for steel volume flexible pipe.
4. environmental protection according to claim 1, health and economizing type meat kind duck fermentation bed breeding house, is characterized in that: described kind duck booth is 1:1～1.5 with the Area Ratio in motion threshing ground;
Described motion threshing ground adopts fragment of brick to lay; The water gradient is returned from planting duck shed canopy one side direction peripheral hardware 1-3% in described motion threshing ground.
5. environmental protection according to claim 1, health and economizing type meat kind duck fermentation bed breeding house, it is characterized in that: described motion threshing ground is provided with drinking device and spray cleaning device, described drinking device and spray cleaning device be arranged in parallel with kind duck shed canopy; Described spray cleaning device is arranged at described drinking device top, and described drinking device comprises drinking trough, drain ditch and slatted floor, and described drain ditch is arranged at the both sides of drinking trough, and described slatted floor is arranged on drain ditch; Described drinking trough adopts external diameter 11-16cmPVC pipe to make, and outer block cement supports.
6. environmental protection according to claim 1, health and economizing type meat kind duck fermentation bed breeding house, is characterized in that: described ceiling comprises thermal insulation layer and the heat-insulation layer on supporter and supporter, set up; Described supporter is triangle steelframe, and described thermal insulation layer is color steel watt, and described heat-insulation layer is 15cm foamed plastics.
7. environmental protection according to claim 1, health and economizing type meat kind duck fermentation bed breeding house, is characterized in that: the top of described ceiling is provided with unpowered turbine ventilated device.
8. environmental protection according to claim 1, health and economizing type meat kind duck fermentation bed breeding house, is characterized in that: described She Qiang is by joining around forming near body of wall and other three face walls bodies of motion threshing ground one side; The described body of wall near motion threshing ground one side is made up of the volume film curtain of the high hollow concrete block fence of 1m and upside and ceiling side edge, and described other three face walls bodies are built into by hollow concrete block, on described other three face wall bodies, are provided with ventilation window.
9. environmental protection according to claim 1, health and economizing type meat kind duck fermentation bed breeding house, is characterized in that: in described fermentation bed, be provided with duck hopper;
In described fermentation bed, be provided with laying nest, described laying nest is arranged at the She Qiang side away from volume film curtain.
10. environmental protection according to claim 1, health and economizing type meat kind duck fermentation bed breeding house, is characterized in that: described gas tube is PPR water pipe;
Described discreteness padding layer is waste matter or bacterium slag.
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| CN109511561A (en) * | 2018-12-24 | 2019-03-26 | 北京中农和赢农牧科技发展有限公司 | A kind of environmentally friendly pig house that excrement is separated by solid-liquid separation automatically |
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| CN111977926A (en) * | 2019-05-22 | 2020-11-24 | 江苏省农业科学院 | Device and method for improving excrement treatment efficiency of ectopic fermentation bed |
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| CN114258872A (en) * | 2022-01-05 | 2022-04-01 | 吕梁学院 | Automatic change laying hen breeding device |
| CN114258872B (en) * | 2022-01-05 | 2023-02-24 | 吕梁学院 | Automatic change laying hen breeding device |
| CN115316309A (en) * | 2022-09-02 | 2022-11-11 | 黑龙江省农垦科学院 | Farming, animal husbandry and fishing are combined ecological cycle and are raised goose system |
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