CN109258511B - Local ventilation duck shed structure for multilayer intensive meat duck breeding and control method - Google Patents
Local ventilation duck shed structure for multilayer intensive meat duck breeding and control method Download PDFInfo
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- 241000272525 Anas platyrhynchos Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 238
- 235000013372 meat Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 211
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 75
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 70
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 70
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 241000272522 Anas Species 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000011217 control strategy Methods 0.000 claims description 26
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 claims description 26
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 206010010904 Convulsion Diseases 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000036461 convulsion Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000007306 turnover Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005202 decontamination Methods 0.000 claims 2
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- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 abstract description 8
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 7
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 4
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000009313 farming Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 244000144972 livestock Species 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 2
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 206010033799 Paralysis Diseases 0.000 description 1
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- 239000000443 aerosol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000005911 diet Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000037213 diet Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 description 1
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- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention discloses a local ventilation duck shed structure for multi-layer intensive meat duck cultivation and a control method, wherein flexible air distribution pipes which are concomitant with water supply pipelines are arranged on middle and lower two layers of meat duck cultivation layers, each flexible air distribution pipe penetrates through the meat duck cultivation layer at a corresponding position through guide rings which are sequentially distributed on the meat duck cultivation layers, ventilation holes which are distributed at intervals are arranged on the flexible air distribution pipes, and local area fixed-point air supply of a duck shed body is realized through ventilation of the flexible air distribution pipes; an exhaust pipeline distributed along the extending direction of the exhaust pipeline is arranged right below each multilayer meat duck breeding fence, a plurality of connecting pipelines perpendicular to the exhaust pipeline and distributed at equal intervals are arranged between the exhaust pipelines, the exhaust pipelines are communicated through the connecting pipelines, manual butterfly valves are arranged at the joints of the connecting pipelines and the exhaust pipelines, and one end of each connecting pipeline can be connected with a vacuum air pump. The invention reduces the death rate of the meat ducks, improves feed rewards, reduces the occurrence of diseases and ensures the healthy and rapid growth of the meat ducks.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of livestock breeding, and particularly relates to a local ventilation duck shed structure for multilayer intensive meat duck breeding and a control method.
Background
The meat duck has short feeding period, low feed-meat ratio, low price and delicious taste, and is an important food material in the diets of people. The traditional duck raising mode cannot timely and effectively remove the feces due to the design and facility lag, and has weak control on the environmental quality in the duck shed, so that epidemic diseases are frequent, and the meat ducks have low quality; in addition, the feeding density is low, a large amount of land resources are needed to be occupied, the labor and time are wasted, the production level is low, the degree of automation is low, and the novel requirements of high-efficiency, environment-friendly, quality and safe livestock and poultry production cannot be met.
At present, in order to solve the problem of low feeding density, a multilayer intensive meat duck breeding shed appears on the market, although the problem of low feeding density can be unilaterally solved. However, the following adverse effects are caused by the increase of the feeding density of the meat ducks, which are specifically described as follows:
(1) The raising density is increased, so that the raising environment of the duck shed can be ensured, the electric energy consumption of the ventilation equipment can be greatly increased, and the raising cost is virtually and greatly increased;
(2) The ventilation equipment that the duck shed used is most initiative ventilation equipment, and initiative ventilation effect is poor, can only guarantee that the local department ventilation effect of duck shed near the fan is good, however, be located in the middle of the duck shed or the bottom raise regional ventilation effect poor, harmful gas (like ammonia), aerosol microorganism etc. concentration increase, harm meat duck's health, this kind of environmental problem can lead to the appearance of the meat duck mortality rate in this kind of region high, the fodder return is low, the disease (mainly paralysis, especially be located the regional meat duck of bottom) scheduling problem, has greatly influenced the normal growth of meat duck.
Therefore, how to construct a multilayer intensive meat duck breeding shed with low cost, good local (region with large harmful gas concentration) ventilation effect, environmental protection and energy saving, and create a good living environment for the healthy and rapid growth of meat ducks positioned on each layer is a current urgent problem to be solved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problem of ventilation of the existing multilayer intensive meat duck breeding shed. According to the local ventilation duck shed structure and the control method for multi-layer intensive meat duck cultivation, disclosed by the invention, the local ventilation of the multi-layer intensive meat duck cultivation shed is realized, energy conservation and emission reduction are realized, meanwhile, the meat ducks positioned in the middle part, middle and lower layers of the meat duck cultivation shed can be ensured, the growth environment is good, the death rate of the meat ducks is greatly reduced, the feed compensation is improved, the generation of diseases is reduced, the healthy and rapid growth of the meat ducks is ensured, the multi-layer intensive conservation of meat duck cultivation in a real sense is realized, the economic benefit is improved, the structure is ingenious, the conception is novel, and the application prospect is good.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the utility model provides a local ventilation duck shed structure that multilayer intensive meat duck was bred, includes the duck shed canopy body, the internal a plurality of multilayer meat duck of interval distribution breeds rail that is provided with of duck shed, each multilayer meat duck breeds rail and all includes upper, middle, the lower three-layer meat duck of from the top down distribution in proper order breeds the layer, and each meat duck breeds the layer and is provided with equidistant baffle and divide into a plurality of meat duck breeds areas that the meat duck breeds the layer in, the duck shed body top is provided with the truss, be provided with the feed rail unanimous with multilayer meat duck breeds rail quantity on the truss, each feed rail parallel arrangement, all install the feeding bin on the feed rail, the bottom of feeding bin is provided with the feed pipeline unanimous with every multilayer meat duck breeds the layer quantity in the rail, the lower extreme of feed pipeline extends to the mouth department of receiving of corresponding position department meat duck breeds the layer, is provided with the water supply pipeline that runs through it on each meat duck breeds the layer;
the flexible air distribution pipes are arranged on the middle and lower two meat duck cultivation layers and are accompanied with the water supply pipeline, each flexible air distribution pipe penetrates through the meat duck cultivation layer at the corresponding position through guide rings which are sequentially distributed on the meat duck cultivation layer, ventilation holes which are distributed at intervals are formed in the flexible air distribution pipes, one end of each flexible air distribution pipe is communicated with an air supply fan through a pipeline, and fixed-point air supply to a local area of the shed body is realized through ventilation of the flexible air distribution pipes;
an exhaust pipeline distributed along the extending direction of the exhaust pipeline is arranged right below each multilayer meat duck breeding fence, a plurality of connecting pipelines which are perpendicular to the exhaust pipeline and distributed at equal intervals are arranged between the exhaust pipelines, each connecting pipeline is communicated with the exhaust pipeline, a manual butterfly valve is arranged at the joint of each connecting pipeline and the exhaust pipeline, one end of each connecting pipeline can be connected with a vacuum suction pump, the other end of each connecting pipeline can be connected with an air pump, a time switch is arranged on the vacuum suction pump, the vacuum suction pump is used for exhausting air to the bottom of the duck shed body through the exhaust pipeline, and the air pump is used for reversely inflating and cleaning the exhaust pipeline to realize regular maintenance of the exhaust pipeline.
The local ventilation duck shed structure for multi-layer intensive meat duck cultivation is characterized in that a harmful gas sensor, a dust sensor and a temperature and humidity sensor are arranged in the middle of a feeding pipeline in the duck shed body.
The local ventilation duck shed structure for multi-layer intensive meat duck cultivation further comprises a control box, wherein the control box is respectively connected with the air supply fan, the harmful gas sensor, the dust sensor, the temperature and humidity sensor and the time switch and is used for automatically controlling local area fixed-point air supply and bottom air draft of the duck shed body.
In the local ventilation duck shed structure for multi-layer intensive meat duck cultivation, the distance between two adjacent connecting pipelines is 15-20m.
The control method of the local ventilation duck shed structure for multilayer intensive meat duck cultivation comprises the following steps,
step (A), constructing a local fixed-point ventilation unit, and installing the local fixed-point ventilation unit into a multi-layer intensive meat duck breeding shed;
step (B), constructing a bottom air draft unit and installing the bottom air draft unit into a multi-layer intensive meat duck breeding shed;
constructing an environment monitoring unit and installing the environment monitoring unit into a multi-layer intensive meat duck breeding shed;
and (D) constructing an air supply control strategy and an air draft control strategy aiming at the multilayer intensive meat duck breeding duck shed provided with the local fixed-point ventilation unit, the bottom air draft unit and the environment monitoring unit, and realizing ventilation control on the local fixed points of the multilayer intensive meat duck breeding according to the air supply control strategy and the air draft control strategy.
The control method of the local ventilation duck shed structure for multilayer intensive meat duck cultivation comprises the following steps of,
(A1) The flexible air distribution pipes are arranged on the water supply pipelines of the middle and lower two layers of meat duck cultivation layers in the multilayer intensive meat duck cultivation shed in a concomitant manner, and each flexible air distribution pipe penetrates through the meat duck cultivation layer at the corresponding position through guide rings distributed on the meat duck cultivation layers in sequence;
(A2) The method comprises the steps that ventilation holes which are distributed at intervals are distributed on each flexible air distribution pipe, and one end of each flexible air distribution pipe is communicated with an air supply fan through a pipeline;
(A3) The ventilation of the flexible air distribution pipe is used for realizing fixed-point air supply to the local area of the multilayer intensive meat duck breeding shed, so that the construction and the installation of the local fixed-point ventilation unit are completed.
The control method of the local ventilation duck shed structure for multi-layer intensive meat duck cultivation comprises the following steps of,
(B1) Exhaust pipelines distributed along the extending direction of the meat duck breeding layer are distributed under the lowest meat duck breeding layer;
(B2) A plurality of connecting pipelines which are perpendicular to the exhaust pipelines and are distributed at equal intervals are arranged among the exhaust pipelines;
(B3) The connecting pipelines are communicated with the exhaust pipelines, manual butterfly valves are arranged at the joints of the connecting pipelines and the exhaust pipelines, one end of each connecting pipeline can be connected with a vacuum air pump, and the other end of each connecting pipeline can be connected with an inflator pump;
(B4) The time switch is arranged on the vacuum air pump, the bottom air draft of the multi-layer intensive meat duck breeding shed body is realized through the time switch, and the construction and the installation of the bottom air draft unit are completed.
The control method of the local ventilation duck shed structure for multi-layer intensive meat duck cultivation comprises the step (C), wherein the environment monitoring unit comprises a harmful gas sensor, a dust sensor and a temperature and humidity sensor, the harmful gas sensor, the dust sensor and the temperature and humidity sensor are arranged in the middle of a feeding pipeline in the multi-layer intensive meat duck cultivation duck shed, and environmental parameters of the shed body are monitored in the course of accompanying the feeding structure, so that the construction and the installation of the environment monitoring unit are realized.
The control method of the local ventilation duck shed structure for multi-layer intensive meat duck cultivation comprises the steps of (D) constructing an air supply control strategy and an air draft control strategy, realizing ventilation control of local fixed points for multi-layer intensive meat duck cultivation according to the air supply control strategy and the air draft control strategy,
the air supply control strategy comprises an automatic air supply mode and a regulation air supply mode, wherein the automatic air supply mode is a data value monitored by a harmful gas sensor, a dust sensor and a temperature and humidity sensor, when any one of the data values is larger than a corresponding air supply alarm threshold value, the air supply fan is automatically started until all real-time monitoring data values are 15min after being lower than the corresponding air supply alarm threshold value, and the air supply fan is automatically closed; the regulation air supply mode is to start an air supply fan in a regulation way between 0.5h before each feeding and 0.5h after the feeding is finished;
the air suction control strategy comprises an automatic air suction mode and a regulation air suction mode, wherein the automatic air suction mode is a data value monitored by a harmful gas sensor, and the vacuum air suction pump is automatically started when the data value is larger than a corresponding air suction alarm threshold value until 15min after the real-time monitored data value is lower than the corresponding air suction alarm threshold value; the regulation type air suction mode is that after 1.5h-2.5h of each feeding, the vacuum air suction pump is started for air suction for 1h, and then the vacuum air suction pump is closed.
The control method of the local ventilation duck shed structure for multi-layer intensive meat duck cultivation further comprises the step (E) of periodic maintenance, wherein the periodic maintenance comprises an air supply maintenance mode and an air draft maintenance mode,
the air supply maintenance mode is to regularly take down and clean the flexible air distribution pipe from the meat duck breeding layer, turn over and dry the flexible air distribution pipe, and then install the flexible air distribution pipe on the meat duck breeding layer;
the air draft maintenance mode is to install an air pump at the other end of a connecting pipeline regularly, close the connecting pipeline to be communicated with the adjacent connecting pipeline through a manual butterfly valve, reversely inflate the connecting pipeline to clean the dirt, and reversely inflate the connecting pipelines to clean the dirt sequentially.
According to the control method of the local ventilation duck shed structure for multi-layer intensive meat duck cultivation, the regulation air supply mode is that an air supply fan is started in a regulation mode between 0.5H before each feeding and 0.5H after the feeding, the regulation air supply fan is started for Q+K+H, wherein Q is 0.5H before feeding, H is 0.5H after the feeding, K is feeding time, K is variable, and the feeding time is increased according to the increase of the week age of meat ducks.
According to the control method of the local ventilation duck shed structure for multi-layer intensive meat duck cultivation, the air supply alarm threshold value and the air draft alarm threshold value can be set to be the same, and when one or more of three environmental indexes exceeds an upper limit, an automatic air supply mode is started to perform local area fixed-point air supply; simultaneously, start automatic convulsions mode and carry out bottom convulsions.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: according to the local ventilation duck shed structure and the control method for multi-layer intensive meat duck cultivation, disclosed by the invention, the local ventilation of the multi-layer intensive meat duck cultivation shed can ensure that meat ducks positioned in the middle part, middle and lower layers of the meat duck cultivation shed are well grown in the middle and lower layers of the meat duck cultivation area, so that the death rate of the meat ducks is greatly reduced, the feed rewards are improved, the generation of diseases is reduced, the healthy and rapid growth of the meat ducks is ensured, the multi-layer intensive meat duck cultivation in a real sense is realized, the economic benefit is improved, the structure is ingenious, the conception is novel, and the specific advantages are as follows:
(1) According to the characteristic of low aggressiveness of the meat ducks, air is supplied through the flexible air distribution pipe, when the meat ducks are not used, the air is discharged and pulled on the corresponding meat duck breeding layer, the meat ducks cannot be attacked, when the meat ducks are used, air is supplied to the meat ducks in the meat duck breeding layer through the ventilation holes, the flexible air distribution pipe is convenient to disassemble and assemble, the sanitation of the meat ducks can be ensured, the breeding of bacteria on the inner wall of the flexible air distribution pipe is effectively prevented, the bacteria are prevented from being inhaled by the meat ducks through air supply, and the health of the meat ducks is ensured;
(2) Exhaust pipelines distributed along the extending direction of the exhaust pipelines are distributed under the multi-layer meat duck cultivation fences, so that the exhaust of the bottoms of the duck shed bodies can be realized, the exhaust pipelines can be reversely inflated and cleaned by using an inflator pump, the periodic maintenance of the exhaust pipelines can be realized, and the good growth environment of meat ducks in the middle part, middle and lower layer meat duck cultivation areas of the meat duck cultivation sheds can be ensured;
(3) According to the self-growth condition of meat ducks in the multi-layer intensive meat duck breeding shed and the monitoring result of the shed environment, an automatic air supply mode, a regulation air supply mode, an automatic air draft mode and a regulation air draft mode are arranged, and four control modes are adopted, so that the degree of automation is high, the energy consumption is greatly reduced, the energy is saved, the environment is protected, and the environment with the best growth of the meat ducks is replaced with the minimum cost;
(4) Through air supply and convulsions, the local ventilation of the multilayer intensive meat duck breeding shed is completed, the growth environment of the meat ducks in the middle part, middle and lower layers of the meat duck breeding shed is good, the death rate of the meat ducks is greatly reduced, the feed compensation is improved, the disease is reduced, the construction cost is low, the use cost is low, and the maintenance cost is low.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a structure of a local ventilation duckshed for multi-layer dense meat duck farming of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a top view of a partially ventilated duck shed structure for multi-layer dense meat duck farming of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a side view of a partially ventilated duck shed structure for multi-layer dense meat duck farming of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the connection relationship between the exhaust duct and the connecting duct according to the present invention;
fig. 5 is a flow chart of a control method of the local ventilation duck shed structure for multi-layer dense meat duck farming of the present invention.
The meaning of the symbols in the drawings is as follows:
1: a duck shed body; 2: multilayer meat duck breeding fence; 3: a meat duck breeding layer; 4: a partition plate; 5: a truss; 6: a feed rail; 7: a feeding bin; 8: a feeding pipe; 9: a material receiving port; 10: a water supply pipe; 11: a flexible air distribution pipe; 12: an air draft pipeline; 13: a connecting pipe; 14: a manual butterfly valve; 15: a vacuum pump; 16: an inflator pump; 17: a time switch; 18: and an exhaust fan.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the drawings.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the local ventilation duck shed structure for multi-layer intensive meat duck cultivation comprises a duck shed body 1, wherein a plurality of multi-layer meat duck cultivation fences 2 distributed at intervals are arranged in the duck shed body 1, each multi-layer meat duck cultivation fence 2 comprises an upper layer, a middle layer and a lower layer of meat duck cultivation layers 3 distributed from top to bottom in sequence, each meat duck cultivation layer 3 is internally provided with a partition board 4 distributed at equal intervals to divide the meat duck cultivation layer 3 into a plurality of meat duck cultivation areas, a truss 5 is arranged above the duck shed body 1, feeding guide rails 6 with the same number as that of the multi-layer meat duck cultivation fences are arranged on the truss 5, each feeding guide rail 6 is arranged in parallel, feeding bins 7 are arranged on the feeding guide rails 6, feeding pipelines 8 with the same number as that of the meat duck cultivation layers 3 in each multi-layer meat duck cultivation fence 2 are arranged at the bottom of the feeding bins 7 are arranged, the lower ends of the feeding pipelines 8 extend to material receiving ports 9 of the meat duck cultivation layers 3 at corresponding positions, and water supply pipelines 10 penetrate through the water supply pipelines 10, and are characterized in that:
the flexible air distribution pipes 11 which are concomitant with the water supply pipeline 10 are arranged on the middle and lower two layers of meat duck cultivation layers 3, each flexible air distribution pipe 11 penetrates through the meat duck cultivation layer 3 at the corresponding position through guide rings which are sequentially distributed on the meat duck cultivation layers 3, ventilation holes which are distributed at intervals are arranged on the flexible air distribution pipes 11, one end of each flexible air distribution pipe 11 is communicated with an air supply fan through a pipeline, and fixed-point air supply to a local area of the duck shed body 1 is realized through ventilation of the flexible air distribution pipes 11;
as shown in fig. 4, an air suction pipeline 12 distributed along the extending direction of each multi-layer meat duck breeding fence 2 is arranged under each multi-layer meat duck breeding fence 2, a plurality of connecting pipelines 13 which are perpendicular to each air suction pipeline 12 and distributed at equal intervals are arranged between each air suction pipeline 12, each connecting pipeline 13 is communicated with each air suction pipeline 12, a manual butterfly valve 14 is arranged at the joint of each connecting pipeline 13 and each air suction pipeline 12, one end of each connecting pipeline 13 is connected with a vacuum suction pump 15, the other end of each connecting pipeline 13 is connected with an air pump 16, a time switch 17 is arranged on each vacuum suction pump 15, the vacuum suction pumps 15 are used for realizing bottom air suction of the duck shed body 1 through the air suction pipelines 12, the air pumps 16 are used for reversely inflating and cleaning the air suction pipelines 12, periodic maintenance of the air suction pipelines 12 is realized, and the time switch 17 can be started or closed at regular time.
Preferably, the flexible air distribution pipe 11 is made of oxford, so that the cost is low, the flexible air distribution pipe is not easy to damage in the disassembly and assembly process, and the service life is guaranteed.
Preferably, a harmful gas sensor, a dust sensor and a temperature and humidity sensor are installed in the middle of a feeding pipeline 8 in the duck shed body 1, so as to realize the companion with a feeding bin, in the daily travelling process, the environmental parameters of the front part, the middle part and the rear part in the duck shed can be monitored in real time, the arrangement positions of the harmful gas sensor and the dust sensor are the middle layer positions of the feeding pipeline of the feeding crane, the environmental parameters of the duck shed are monitored at 5 points along with the movement process of the feeding bin, as shown in fig. 3, the side wall of the duck shed body 1 is provided with a large-sized exhaust fan 18 (the conventional configuration can be used for greatly reducing the energy consumption by regularly opening the exhaust fan 18 through the structural design of the multi-layer intensive meat duck shed, the environment at the middle position of the duck shed body 1 is usually the most representative region, in the feeding process, the monitoring of the middle air and other parameters of the duck shed body 1 can reflect the current state of the duck shed body 1 most, and the harmful gas sensor is the ammonia concentration sensor, so that the environmental parameters of the duck shed can be selected and installed in the monitoring process, and the quantity of the environmental parameters can be reduced.
Preferably, the intelligent duck shed further comprises a control box, wherein the control box is respectively connected with an air supply fan, a harmful gas sensor, a dust sensor, a temperature and humidity sensor and a time switch 17 and is used for automatically controlling local area fixed-point air supply and bottom air draft of the duck shed body 1, so that intelligent control is realized.
Preferably, the distance between two adjacent connecting pipelines 13 is 15-20m, and the designed air draft system can infinitely lengthen the length of the multilayer meat duck breeding fence 2 and improve the breeding density of meat ducks.
Preferably, the air inlet end of the air supply fan and the air outlet end of the air suction pipeline 12 are both provided with filter screens, so that the reliability of air supply is ensured, the blockage of the air suction pipeline 12 is prevented, and the filter screens at the air inlet end of the air supply fan are used for preventing external air from being brought into duck susceptible microorganisms; the filter screen at the air outlet end of the air draft pipeline 12 is used for preventing the environment from being polluted by malodorous gas and dust in the duck shed.
As shown in fig. 5, the ventilation control method for local fixed point of multilayer intensive meat duck breeding of the present invention comprises the following steps,
step (A), constructing a local fixed-point ventilation unit, installing the local fixed-point ventilation unit into a multi-layer intensive meat duck breeding shed, specifically comprising the following steps of,
(A1) A flexible air distribution pipe is arranged on a water supply pipeline of a middle and a lower two-layer meat duck breeding layers in the multilayer intensive meat duck breeding shed in a concomitant way, and each flexible air distribution pipe penetrates through the meat duck breeding layers at corresponding positions through guide rings distributed on the meat duck breeding layers in sequence;
(A2) The method comprises the steps that ventilation holes which are distributed at intervals are distributed on each flexible air distribution pipe, and one end of each flexible air distribution pipe is communicated with an air supply fan through a pipeline;
(A3) The ventilation of the flexible air distribution pipe is used for realizing fixed-point air supply to the local area of the multilayer intensive meat duck breeding shed, so that the construction and the installation of the local fixed-point ventilation unit are completed;
step (B), constructing a bottom air draft unit and installing the bottom air draft unit into a multi-layer intensive meat duck breeding shed, which comprises the following steps,
(B1) Exhaust pipelines distributed along the extending direction of the meat duck breeding layer are distributed under the lowest meat duck breeding layer;
(B2) A plurality of connecting pipelines which are perpendicular to the exhaust pipelines and are distributed at equal intervals are arranged among the exhaust pipelines;
(B3) The connecting pipelines are communicated with the exhaust pipelines, manual butterfly valves are arranged at the joints of the connecting pipelines and the exhaust pipelines, one end of each connecting pipeline can be connected with a vacuum air pump, and the other end of each connecting pipeline can be connected with an inflator pump;
(B4) A time switch is arranged on the vacuum air pump, the bottom air suction of the multi-layer intensive meat duck breeding shed body by the vacuum air pump is realized through the time switch, and the construction and the installation of a bottom air suction unit are completed;
the method comprises the following steps of (C) constructing an environment monitoring unit and installing the environment monitoring unit into a multilayer intensive meat duck breeding shed, wherein the environment monitoring unit comprises a harmful gas sensor, a dust sensor and a temperature and humidity sensor, the harmful gas sensor, the dust sensor and the temperature and humidity sensor are installed in the middle of a feeding pipeline in the multilayer intensive meat duck breeding shed, and environmental parameters of the shed body are monitored in the process of being accompanied with a feeding structure, so that the construction and installation of the environment monitoring unit are realized;
step (D), constructing an air supply control strategy and an air draft control strategy aiming at the multi-layer intensive meat duck breeding duck shed provided with the local fixed-point ventilation unit, the bottom air draft unit and the environment monitoring unit, realizing the ventilation control of the local fixed points of the multi-layer intensive meat duck breeding according to the air supply control strategy and the air draft control strategy,
the air supply control strategy comprises an automatic air supply mode and a regulation air supply mode, wherein the automatic air supply mode is a data value monitored by a harmful gas sensor, a dust sensor and a temperature and humidity sensor, when any one of the data values is larger than a corresponding air supply alarm threshold value, the air supply fan is automatically started until all real-time monitoring data values are 15min after being lower than the corresponding air supply alarm threshold value, and the air supply fan is automatically closed; the regulation air supply mode is to start an air supply fan in a regulation way between 0.5h before each feeding and 0.5h after the feeding is finished;
the air suction control strategy comprises an automatic air suction mode and a regulation air suction mode, wherein the automatic air suction mode is used for automatically starting the vacuum air suction pump 15 when a data value monitored by the harmful gas sensor is larger than a corresponding air suction alarm threshold value, and automatically closing the vacuum air suction pump 15 after 15min after the real-time monitored data value is lower than the corresponding air suction alarm threshold value; the regulation type air suction mode is that after 1.5h-2.5h of each feeding, the vacuum air suction pump 15 is started through the time switch 17, and after 1h of air suction, the vacuum air suction pump 15 is closed, and the selection after 1.5h-2.5h of each feeding is scientific, because due to the living characteristics of ducks, the air quality of the multi-layer intensive meat duck breeding duckshed can be aggravated and deteriorated after 1.5h-2.5h of feeding, and therefore the air suction ventilation is needed, and the air quality of the multi-layer intensive meat duck breeding duckshed is improved.
The air supply alarm threshold and the air draft alarm threshold can be set the same, and the thresholds of all environmental indexes can be specifically set as follows: the upper limit of humidity is 75%, the upper limit of temperature is 30 ℃, the upper limit of ammonia concentration is 15mg/m, and when one or more of three environmental indexes exceeds the upper limit, an automatic air supply mode is started to perform local area fixed-point air supply; simultaneously, start automatic convulsions mode and carry out bottom convulsions.
The control method of the local ventilation duck shed structure for multilayer intensive meat duck cultivation further comprises a maintenance strategy, wherein the maintenance strategy comprises an air supply maintenance mode and an air draft maintenance mode,
the air supply maintenance mode is to take the flexible air distribution pipe 11 off the meat duck cultivation layer 3 for cleaning at regular intervals (air supply maintenance is carried out in an empty period after the meat duck cultivation is finished), turn over the flexible air distribution pipe 11 for airing, and then install the flexible air distribution pipe 11 on the meat duck cultivation layer 3;
the air suction maintenance mode is to install an air pump 16 at the other end of the connecting pipeline 13 at regular intervals (air suction maintenance is performed in the period of empty circles after the end of the cultivation of a batch of meat ducks, before and after winter and before and after the rainy season), close the communication with the adjacent connecting pipeline 13 through a manual butterfly valve 14, perform reverse inflation and cleaning on the connecting pipeline 13, and sequentially perform reverse inflation and cleaning on the plurality of connecting pipelines 13.
Preferably, the regulation air supply mode is to start the air supply fan in a regulation way between 0.5H before each feeding and 0.5H after the feeding is finished, and the time for starting the air supply fan in a regulation way is Q+K+H, wherein Q is 0.5H before feeding, H is 0.5H after the feeding is finished, K is feeding time, and the feeding time K is variable and is increased according to the increase of the week of meat ducks.
In summary, the local ventilation duck shed structure and the control method for multi-layer intensive meat duck cultivation have the advantages that through the local ventilation of the multi-layer intensive meat duck cultivation duck shed, energy conservation and emission reduction can be realized, meanwhile, the meat ducks positioned in the middle part, the middle and lower layer of the meat duck cultivation duck shed can be ensured, the growth environment is good, the death rate of the meat ducks is greatly reduced, the feed return is improved, the generation of diseases is reduced, the healthy and rapid growth of the meat ducks is ensured, the multi-layer intensive meat duck cultivation in the real sense is realized, the economic benefit is improved, the structure is ingenious, the conception is novel, and the specific advantages are as follows:
(1) According to the characteristic of low aggressiveness of the meat ducks, air is supplied through the flexible air distribution pipe, when the meat ducks are not used, the air is discharged and pulled on the corresponding meat duck breeding layer, the meat ducks cannot be attacked, when the meat ducks are used, the air is supplied to bulge and supply air to the meat ducks in the meat duck breeding layer through the ventilation holes, moreover, the flexible air distribution pipe is convenient to disassemble and assemble, the sanitation of the meat ducks can be ensured, the breeding of bacteria on the inner wall of the flexible air distribution pipe is effectively prevented, the bacteria are prevented from being inhaled by the meat ducks through the air supply, and the health of the meat ducks is ensured;
(2) Exhaust pipelines distributed along the extending direction of the exhaust pipelines are distributed under the multi-layer meat duck cultivation fences, so that the exhaust of the bottoms of the duck shed bodies can be realized, the exhaust pipelines can be reversely inflated and cleaned by using an inflator pump, the periodic maintenance of the exhaust pipelines can be realized, and the good growth environment of meat ducks in the middle part, middle and lower layer meat duck cultivation areas of the meat duck cultivation sheds can be ensured;
(3) According to the self-growth condition of meat ducks in the multi-layer intensive meat duck breeding shed and the monitoring result of the shed environment, an automatic air supply mode, a regulation air supply mode, an automatic air draft mode and a regulation air draft mode are arranged, and four control modes are adopted, so that the degree of automation is high, the energy consumption is greatly reduced, the energy is saved, the environment is protected, and the environment with the best growth of the meat ducks is replaced with the minimum cost;
(4) Through air supply and convulsions, the local ventilation of the multilayer intensive meat duck breeding shed is completed, the growth environment of the meat ducks in the middle part, middle and lower layers of the meat duck breeding shed is good, the death rate of the meat ducks is greatly reduced, the feed compensation is improved, the disease is reduced, the construction cost is low, the use cost is low, and the maintenance cost is low.
The foregoing has outlined and described the basic principles, features, and advantages of the present invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, and that the above embodiments and descriptions are merely illustrative of the principles of the present invention, and various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, which is defined in the appended claims. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (4)
1. The utility model provides a local ventilation duck shed structure that intensive meat duck of multilayer was bred, includes the duck shed canopy body (1), be provided with a plurality of multilayer meat duck of interval distribution in the duck shed canopy body (1) and breed rail (2), each multilayer meat duck breeds rail (2) and all includes from the top down in proper order that upper, well, lower three-layer meat duck breeds layer (3), is provided with equidistant distributed baffle (4) in each meat duck breeds layer (3) and divide into a plurality of meat ducks and breed the region, duck shed canopy body (1) top is provided with truss (5), be provided with on the truss (5) with the unanimous feed guide rail (6) of multilayer meat duck breeds rail quantity, each feed guide rail (6) parallel arrangement, all install feeding feed bin (7) on feed guide rail (6), the bottom of feeding bin (7) is provided with breeds layer (3) quantity unanimous feed pipe (8) in each multilayer meat duck breeds rail (2), breed layer (8) lower extreme corresponds layer (3) and runs through its characteristic in that layer (10) are located on the water supply pipe (3) is stretched into to its place.
The flexible air distribution pipes (11) which are concomitant with the water supply pipelines (10) are arranged on the middle and lower two layers of meat duck cultivation layers (3), each flexible air distribution pipe (11) penetrates through the meat duck cultivation layer (3) at the corresponding position through guide rings which are sequentially distributed on the meat duck cultivation layers (3), ventilation holes which are distributed at intervals are formed in the flexible air distribution pipes (11), one end of each flexible air distribution pipe (11) is communicated with an air supply fan through a pipeline, and local area fixed-point air supply to the duck shed body (1) is realized through ventilation of the flexible air distribution pipes (11);
an exhaust pipeline (12) distributed along the extending direction of each multilayer meat duck breeding fence (2) is arranged under each multilayer meat duck breeding fence (2), a plurality of connecting pipelines (13) which are perpendicular to the exhaust pipelines (12) and are distributed at equal intervals are arranged between each exhaust pipeline (12), each connecting pipeline (13) is used for communicating the exhaust pipeline (12), a manual butterfly valve (14) is arranged at the joint of each connecting pipeline (13) and each exhaust pipeline (12), one end of each connecting pipeline (13) can be connected with a vacuum suction pump (15), the other end of each connecting pipeline (13) can be connected with an air pump (16), a time switch (17) is arranged on each vacuum suction pump (15), the vacuum suction pumps (15) are used for realizing bottom exhaust of a duck shed body (1) through the exhaust pipelines (12), each exhaust pump (16) is used for reversely inflating and cleaning the exhaust pipelines (12), a harmful gas sensor, a dust sensor and a dust sensor are arranged in the middle part of a feeding pipeline (8) in the duck shed body (1), the dust sensor and a dust sensor are also used for controlling the temperature and humidity sensor and the dust sensor to be connected with a local air supply area (17) through the exhaust pipeline (12), the distance between two adjacent connecting pipelines (13) is 15-20m.
2. The control method of the local ventilation duck shed structure based on multilayer intensive meat duck cultivation as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: comprises the steps of,
step (A), constructing a local fixed-point ventilation unit, and installing the local fixed-point ventilation unit into a multi-layer intensive meat duck breeding shed;
step (B), constructing a bottom air draft unit and installing the bottom air draft unit into a multi-layer intensive meat duck breeding shed;
constructing an environment monitoring unit and installing the environment monitoring unit into a multi-layer intensive meat duck breeding shed;
step (D), constructing an air supply control strategy and an air draft control strategy aiming at the multi-layer intensive meat duck breeding duck shed provided with the local fixed-point ventilation unit, the bottom air draft unit and the environment monitoring unit, realizing the ventilation control of the local fixed points of the multi-layer intensive meat duck breeding according to the air supply control strategy and the air draft control strategy,
wherein step (A) comprises the following steps,
(A1) The flexible air distribution pipes are arranged on the water supply pipelines of the middle and lower two layers of meat duck cultivation layers in the multilayer intensive meat duck cultivation shed in a concomitant manner, and each flexible air distribution pipe penetrates through the meat duck cultivation layer at the corresponding position through guide rings distributed on the meat duck cultivation layers in sequence;
(A2) The method comprises the steps that ventilation holes which are distributed at intervals are distributed on each flexible air distribution pipe, and one end of each flexible air distribution pipe is communicated with an air supply fan through a pipeline;
(A3) The ventilation of the flexible air distribution pipe is used for realizing fixed-point air supply to the local area of the multilayer intensive meat duck breeding shed, so that the construction and the installation of the local fixed-point ventilation unit are completed;
wherein step (B) comprises the following steps,
(B1) Exhaust pipelines distributed along the extending direction of the meat duck breeding layer are distributed under the lowest meat duck breeding layer;
(B2) A plurality of connecting pipelines which are perpendicular to the exhaust pipelines and are distributed at equal intervals are arranged among the exhaust pipelines;
(B3) The connecting pipelines are communicated with the exhaust pipelines, manual butterfly valves are arranged at the joints of the connecting pipelines and the exhaust pipelines, one end of each connecting pipeline can be connected with a vacuum air pump, and the other end of each connecting pipeline can be connected with an inflator pump;
(B4) A time switch is arranged on the vacuum air pump, the bottom air suction of the multi-layer intensive meat duck breeding shed body by the vacuum air pump is realized through the time switch, and the construction and the installation of a bottom air suction unit are completed;
the environment monitoring unit comprises a harmful gas sensor, a dust sensor and a temperature and humidity sensor, wherein the harmful gas sensor, the dust sensor and the temperature and humidity sensor are arranged in the middle of a feeding pipeline of the multilayer intensive meat duck breeding shed and monitor the environment parameters of the shed body (1) in the course of being accompanied with a feeding structure, so that the construction and the installation of the environment monitoring unit are realized;
wherein, the step (D) constructs an air supply control strategy and an air draft control strategy, and realizes the ventilation control of local fixed points of the multilayer intensive meat duck breeding according to the air supply control strategy and the air draft control strategy, specifically as follows,
the air supply control strategy comprises an automatic air supply mode and a regulation air supply mode, wherein the automatic air supply mode is a data value monitored by a harmful gas sensor, a dust sensor and a temperature and humidity sensor, when any one of the data values is larger than a corresponding air supply alarm threshold value, the air supply fan is automatically started until all real-time monitoring data values are 15min after being lower than the corresponding air supply alarm threshold value, and the air supply fan is automatically closed; the regulation air supply mode is to start an air supply fan in a regulation way between 0.5h before each feeding and 0.5h after the feeding is finished;
the air suction control strategy comprises an automatic air suction mode and a regulation air suction mode, wherein the automatic air suction mode is used for automatically starting the vacuum air suction pump (15) when a data value monitored by the harmful gas sensor is larger than a corresponding air suction alarm threshold value, and automatically closing the vacuum air suction pump (15) 15 minutes after the real-time monitored data value is lower than the corresponding air suction alarm threshold value; the regulation air suction mode is that after 1.5h-2.5h of each feeding, a vacuum air suction pump (15) is started through a time switch (17) for air suction for 1h, and then the vacuum air suction pump (15) is closed;
also comprises a step (E), a periodic maintenance, wherein the periodic maintenance comprises an air supply maintenance mode and an air draft maintenance mode,
the air supply maintenance mode is to regularly take down and clean the flexible air distribution pipe (11) from the meat duck breeding layer (3), turn over and dry the flexible air distribution pipe (11) and then install the flexible air distribution pipe (11) on the meat duck breeding layer (3);
the air draft maintenance mode is that an air pump (16) is arranged at the other end of a connecting pipeline (13) at regular intervals, an opposite air pump (15) and a filter screen are detached and removed so that the air pump is cleaned, the air pump is closed and communicated with the adjacent connecting pipelines (13) through a manual butterfly valve (14), reverse inflation and decontamination of the connecting pipelines (13) are carried out, and reverse inflation and decontamination of a plurality of connecting pipelines (13) are carried out in sequence.
3. The control method of the local ventilation duck shed structure for multi-layer dense meat duck cultivation as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the regulation air supply mode is to start an air supply fan in a regulation way between 0.5H before each feeding and 0.5H after the feeding, wherein the time for starting the air supply fan in a regulation way is Q+K+H, Q is 0.5H before feeding, H is 0.5H after the feeding is finished, K is feeding time, and the feeding time K is variable and is increased according to the increase of the week age of meat ducks.
4. The control method of the local ventilation duck shed structure for multi-layer dense meat duck cultivation as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the air supply alarm threshold value and the air draft alarm threshold value can be set to be the same, and when one or more of three environmental indexes exceeds an upper limit, an automatic air supply mode is started to perform local area fixed-point air supply; simultaneously, start automatic convulsions mode and carry out bottom convulsions.
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