CN104170610A - Rabbiteye blueberry high-yield cultivation and management technique - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a rabbiteye blueberry high-yield cultivation and management technique, comprising the following steps: (1) surface planting in big holes, and stumping; (2) pinching and expanding; (3) flower thinning and fruit controlling; (4) thinning in summer and autumn; (5) winter manuring at autumn. The rabbiteye blueberry high-yield cultivation and management technique has the following advantages: (1) pinching and sprouting are performed to adjust canopies of a bush by taking full advantage of growing seasons, nutrients of tree bodies are effective utilized, plenty of pruning in winter to cause nutrient waste and increase the workload is avoided; (2) pruning is performed in autumn, ventilation transmitting conditions in the canopies can be timely improved, the formation of flower buds is promoted, and the healthy development of the flower buds is facilitated; (3) the flower thinning and fruit controlling are performed, the balanced outcomes of the bush is adjusted, biennial fruiting is controlled, and the quality of fruit is guaranteed.

Description

Vaccinium ashei high-yield culturing and administrative skill

Technical field

The present invention relates to field of planting, be specifically related to Vaccinium ashei high-yield culturing and administrative skill.

Background technology

Vaccinium ashei is the little berry fruit tree of Ericaceae bush type, and supply falls short of demand in its fresh fruit market, and converted products price is high, and within nearly 5 years, south China each province and city start large-scale planting.Vaccinium ashei strong adaptability, grove is tall and big, and growing way is vigorous.Because the artificial cultivation time of China's Vaccinium ashei is short, the at present domestic cultivation management method of conventional dungarunga fruit trees that mainly adopts in its cultivation, surely dry 50cm～60cm after planting, except sprouting, the winter cuts and stays major branch, executes the methods such as Winter-Spring fertilizer, result causes grove branch few, hat is little, fruit bearing shoot is few, yields poorly, fruit quality is not good, and economic benefit is low.

Experimental study through 10 years, we have summed up " stump plants seedlings; pinching expanding, and really, Xia Qiu prunes off; the winter top dressing autumn executes in flower thinning control " high-yield culturing tree body administrative skill, effectively promote a minute branch growth, expand grove hat width, controlled the consumption of high growth to nutrition, increase single plant yield, realized stable high yield every year.

Summary of the invention

The object of the invention is to overcome the shortcomings and deficiencies of traditional technology, and Vaccinium ashei high-yield culturing and administrative skill are provided, to solve the problem in background technology.

Vaccinium ashei high-yield culturing and administrative skill, comprise the following steps: (1) large cave surface planting, stump: Vaccinium ashei is planted while building garden, adopt the surface planting of large cave, be that large cave specification is 60cm (length) * 60cm (wide) * 40cm (deeply), backfill organic matter and earth 30--40cm above ground level, and jam on consolidation, and then container seedling is implanted at center, cave, plant seedlings to build after garden completes and immediately transplanting stock is sheared to stump, promote clump branch to sprout; (2) pinching expanding: then 5～July, the 1st shoot growth peak period, when shoot growth height reaches 30～40cm, extract branch terminal bud, remove apical dominance, inspire side shoot; When collateral generation to 5～10cm is long, carry out bud picking, the branch of 3～4 robust growth of selecting and remain is cultivated; (3) flower thinning control fruit: Vaccinium ashei starts after planting the 3rd year to go into operation, in order to guarantee fruit quality and to control solid biennial bearing, should remove in flowering stage in March middle and lower part and cella spray, controls result quantities balanced; (4) Xia Qiu prunes off: in Vaccinium ashei summer of summit of growth for the first time, immediately prune overstocked branch, steep long shoot off, to guarantee ventilation and penetrating light, after autumn, Fruit harvested, supplement in time pruning, wipe out tree crown cella fruit bearing shoot, weak branch then, make it have sufficient illumination to guarantee that flower bud differentiation carries out; (5) the winter top dressing autumn executes: Vaccinium ashei grove is relatively tall and big, solid amount is large, and output is high, but nutrient consumption amount is also relatively large, therefore, southern area starts to discharge (must guard against and use chemical fertilizer) such as fertilizer, farmyard manures in the fall latter stage, recovers in time tree vigo(u)r, promotes flower bud differentiation, consumption is 1.5 tons every mu of lifes in 3～4 years, 1.5～2 tons every mu of lifes in 5 years, need not refertilize the 2nd year afterwards spring, otherwise can cause the steep long and shedding of grove.

Beneficial effect:

The present invention has following advantage: 1. pinching and bud picking take full advantage of season of growth adjusting grove hat width, have effectively utilized the nutrient of tree body simultaneously, have avoided a large amount of pruning in winter, cause nutrient waste and increase workload; 2. prune in the fall, can improve in time the ventilation and penetrating light situation in tree crown, promote the formation of bud, be beneficial to the healthy development of bud; 3. by flower thinning control fruit, regulate grove result quantities balanced, control biennial bearing, guarantee fruit quality.

Embodiment

In order to make technological means of the present invention, creation characteristic, workflow, using method reach object and effect is easy to understand, below in conjunction with tool embodiment, further set forth the present invention.

Vaccinium ashei high-yield culturing and administrative skill, comprise the following steps: (1) large cave surface planting, stump: Vaccinium ashei is planted while building garden, adopt the surface planting of large cave, be that large cave specification is 60cm (length) * 60cm (wide) * 40cm (deeply), backfill organic matter and earth 30--40cm above ground level, and jam on consolidation, and then container seedling is implanted at center, cave, plant seedlings to build after garden completes and immediately transplanting stock is sheared to stump, promote clump branch to sprout;

(2) pinching expanding: then 5～July, the 1st shoot growth peak period, when shoot growth height reaches 30～40cm, extract branch terminal bud, remove apical dominance, inspire side shoot; When collateral generation to 5～10cm is long, carry out bud picking, the branch of 3～4 robust growth of selecting and remain is cultivated;

(3) flower thinning control fruit: Vaccinium ashei starts after planting the 3rd year to go into operation, in order to guarantee fruit quality and to control solid biennial bearing, should remove in flowering stage in March middle and lower part and cella spray, controls result quantities balanced;

(4) Xia Qiu prunes off: in Vaccinium ashei summer of summit of growth for the first time, immediately prune overstocked branch, steep long shoot off, to guarantee ventilation and penetrating light, after autumn, Fruit harvested, supplement in time pruning, wipe out tree crown cella fruit bearing shoot, weak branch then, make it have sufficient illumination to guarantee that flower bud differentiation carries out;

(5) the winter top dressing autumn executes: Vaccinium ashei grove is relatively tall and big, solid amount is large, and output is high, but nutrient consumption amount is also relatively large, therefore, southern area starts to discharge (must guard against and use chemical fertilizer) such as fertilizer, farmyard manures in the fall latter stage, recovers in time tree vigo(u)r, promotes flower bud differentiation, consumption is 1.5 tons every mu of lifes in 3～4 years, 1.5～2 tons every mu of lifes in 5 years, need not refertilize the 2nd year afterwards spring, otherwise can cause the steep long and shedding of grove.

Show and described basic principle of the present invention and principal character and advantage of the present invention.The technical staff of the industry should understand; the present invention is not restricted to the described embodiments; that in above-described embodiment and specification, describes just illustrates principle of the present invention; without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention; the present invention also has various changes and modifications, and these changes and improvements all fall in the claimed scope of the invention.The claimed scope of the present invention is defined by appending claims and equivalent thereof.

Claims (1)

1. Vaccinium ashei high-yield culturing and administrative skill, it is characterized in that, comprise the following steps: (1) large cave surface planting, stump: Vaccinium ashei is planted while building garden, adopt the surface planting of large cave, large cave specification is 60cm (length) * 60cm (wide) * 40cm (deeply), backfill organic matter and earth 30--40cm above ground level, and jam on consolidation, and then center, cave implantation container seedling, plant seedlings to build after garden completes and immediately transplanting stock is sheared to stump, promote clump branch to sprout;

(2) pinching expanding: then 5～July, the 1st shoot growth peak period, when shoot growth height reaches 30～40cm, extract branch terminal bud, remove apical dominance, inspire side shoot; When collateral generation to 5～10cm is long, carry out bud picking, the branch of 3～4 robust growth of selecting and remain is cultivated;

(3) flower thinning control fruit: Vaccinium ashei starts after planting the 3rd year to go into operation, in order to guarantee fruit quality and to control solid biennial bearing, should remove in flowering stage in March middle and lower part and cella spray, controls result quantities balanced;

(4) Xia Qiu prunes off: in Vaccinium ashei summer of summit of growth for the first time, immediately prune overstocked branch, steep long shoot off, to guarantee ventilation and penetrating light, after autumn, Fruit harvested, supplement in time pruning, wipe out tree crown cella fruit bearing shoot, weak branch then, make it have sufficient illumination to guarantee that flower bud differentiation carries out;

(5) the winter top dressing autumn executes: Vaccinium ashei grove is relatively tall and big, solid amount is large, and output is high, but nutrient consumption amount is also relatively large, therefore, southern area starts to discharge (must guard against and use chemical fertilizer) such as fertilizer, farmyard manures in the fall latter stage, recovers in time tree vigo(u)r, promotes flower bud differentiation, consumption is 1.5 tons every mu of lifes in 3～4 years, 1.5～2 tons every mu of lifes in 5 years, need not refertilize the 2nd year afterwards spring, otherwise can cause the steep long and shedding of grove.