CN105123311B - A kind of pruning method of blueberry - Google Patents
A kind of pruning method of blueberry Download PDFInfo
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- CN105123311B CN105123311B CN201510628331.4A CN201510628331A CN105123311B CN 105123311 B CN105123311 B CN 105123311B CN 201510628331 A CN201510628331 A CN 201510628331A CN 105123311 B CN105123311 B CN 105123311B
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- blueberry
- branch
- plant
- growth
- pruning
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of pruning methods of blueberry, include the following steps：Trimming period is except other any growth periods of blueberry maturation fruiting period, and first, cleaning diameter is less than 4mm, and length is less than the blueberry branch of 15cm, retains the blueberry branch that basal diameter is more than 4mm and length is more than 15cm；Secondly, the branch towards plant growth inside is trimmed, retains 24 base life branches, in all notch coatings of branch, promotes wound healing, prevent the infection of virus and fungi, finally, often trimmed a plant, pruning shear will have been sterilized.The present invention operable trimming period is long, by effectively trimming, makes blueberry branches and tendrils reasonable layout space, takes full advantage of sunlight, ensure fruit quality；Selectively retain or extract branch, and control bud quantity, reduce nutrient consumption, balance reproductive growth and the nutrient growth of entire plant, efficiently solve the small phenomenon of the big fruit of amount of blueberry production, improve the quality and yield of blueberry.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the cultivation technique of blueberry, especially a kind of pruning method of blueberry.
Background technology
Blueberry belongs to Ericaceae (Ericaceae) Vaccinium (Vaccinium) perennial fruit shrubs, divides lagophthalmos, height
Four clump, half high clump and short clump blueberry types.Trimming refers to remove the part branch on plant or trees, promotes plant strongr
Growth, fruit is promoted more to get bumper crops.In terms of blueberry plantation, because blueberry belongs to shrub, referential fruit tree type is repaiied
It is less to cut technology, and China's blueberry industry is at the early-stage, the pruning technique of blueberry is very not perfect, suitable for domestic blueberry trimming skill
Art is immature, and it is small that current pruning technique often results in the big single fruit of blueberry tree fruit yield, and fruit quality is poor.Therefore, grope
It is most important to go out a kind of pruning technique for improving Blueberry quality again while yield is ensured.
Invention content
The purpose of the present invention is to overcome above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art, provide a kind of pruning method of blueberry, reach blue
The high-quality of the certain kind of berries, stable yields, efficient standard.
To achieve the above object, the present invention uses following technical proposals：
A kind of pruning method of blueberry, through the following steps that complete：
1) period is trimmed：Except other any growth periods of blueberry maturation fruiting period, selectable trimming period is longer, can be with
Retain preferable result branch, excessive nutrient growth is avoided to consume, fruit quality is improved while improving yield.
2) when trimming since blueberry tree bottom, cleaning diameter is less than 4mm, and length is less than the blueberry branch of 15cm, cleaning
Fall non-lignifying, spin out all branches for entering tree crown on the ground, from centre of tree across block sunlight.By to blueberry branch diameter
It is screened with the science of length, more sturdy blueberry branch can be obtained, so as to obtain more healthy strong fruitful branch.Retain
Blueberry branch is too short, and the bud quantity that can lead to reservation is inadequate, and leaf bud number is also less, causes mitogenetic side shoot also fewer, unfavorable
In the entire tree vigo(u)r of expansion；Diameter is too small, illustrates that nutrient storage is insufficient inside branch.
3) every branch of trimming is checked from branch bottom to top, retains basal diameter and is more than 15cm more than 4mm and length
Blueberry branch.Due to being required to the branch basal diameter selected and remain, the branch of reservation does not need to cutting back, utmostly retains plant
Internal nutrient reduces the wound of branch, then reduces infection probability, ensures the healthy growth of blueberry tree, ensures blueberry yield.
4) branch towards plant growth inside is trimmed, ensures that sunlight can enter inside plant, promotes from tree crown
Entire plant bud eye growth, if trimming is improper, some branches can be caused to be stopped throughout the year by other branches, by less than light
According to influencing fruit matter.
5) retain 2-4 base life branch, maintain and improve yield.
6) in all notch coatings of branch, promote wound healing, prevent the infection of virus and fungi.
7) pruning shear sterilizes：A plant has often been trimmed, thimerosal is sprayed to pruning shear or pruning shear is dipped into disinfection
It is sterilized in liquid, avoids the cross-infection of germ.
Preferably, during a kind of pruning method step 2) the cleaning blueberry branch of blueberry, retain blueberry branch residing for bud
Vascular bundle, vascular bundle have the ability for transporting a large amount of nutrients and moisture, and when bud is larger, fruit can obtain preferable nutrient and water
Supply, fruit bigger, quality are more preferable.
Preferably, the blueberry branch retained in a kind of pruning method step 3) of blueberry will be with bud, and flower bud number
Amount cannot be more than 7.The bud of reservation is not more than 7, is that can consume more nutrients based on excessive bud, so as to cause
Final fruit yield is big and single fruit is small, mellow fruit poor quality, and the economic benefit is not high.
Preferably, the base life branch retained in a kind of pruning method step 5) of blueberry is born, and court from tree crown base portion
It is grown to four direction datum mark, it is impossible to towards plant growth inside.
Preferably, the length model of base life branch is retained according to kind difference in a kind of pruning method step 5) of blueberry
It is trapped among between 25~40cm.Since blueberry is shrub, Ji Shengzhi can be constantly grown, is the new force of innovation shoot clump, to retaining
Base life branch number and length restriction, can promote base life branch growth maintain, while base life branch different update can keep away
Exempt from the weak of tree body, so as to improve the yield and quality of fruit.
Preferably, coating described in a kind of pruning method step 6) of blueberry is the azoles bacterium that volumetric concentration is 0.2%
Amine ester fungicide.
Preferably, coating described in a kind of pruning method step 6) of blueberry is not less than for Colony Forming Unit
The Trichoderma harzianum of 100cfu/ml.
Preferably, thimerosal described in a kind of pruning method step 7) of blueberry is the secondary chlorine that volumetric concentration is 2%
Acid sodium aqueous solution.
Preferably, thimerosal described in a kind of pruning method step 7) of blueberry is the Gao Meng that volumetric concentration is 2%
Sour aqueous solutions of potassium.
The invention has the advantages that
1. the pruning method for fruit tree has different modes, but the application is combining a large amount of realities generally according to Various Seasonal
After example, the trim mode of the application is obtained, trimming can be completed in other any growth periods except blueberry maturation fruiting period,
Operable trimming period is longer, is convenient for people to management fruit tree, improves fruit yield；
2. timely and effectively being trimmed to branch, make blueberry branches and tendrils distribution space reasonable, sunlight can be taken full advantage of,
Ensure fruit quality；
3. selectively retaining or extracing branch, and bud quantity is controlled, reduce nutrient consumption, balance entire plant
Reproductive growth and nutrient growth；
4. efficiently solving the small phenomenon of the big fruit of amount of blueberry production, the quality and yield of blueberry are improved.
Specific embodiment
With reference to embodiment, the present invention is further described.
Embodiment 1
A kind of pruning method of blueberry, through the following steps that complete：
1) the blueberry trimming time is since autumn and winter, blueberry plant entered rest period.Except other of blueberry maturation fruiting period
Any growth period can trim, and selectable trimming period is longer.
2) since blueberry tree bottom, cleaning diameter is less than 4mm, and length is less than the blueberry branch of 15cm, retains bud institute
Locate the vascular bundle of blueberry branch, clean up non-lignifying, spin out ground, block sunlight is passed through to enter all of tree crown from centre of tree
Branch；
3) every branch of trimming is checked from branch bottom to top, retains basal diameter and is more than 15cm more than 4mm and length
Blueberry branch, the blueberry branch is with bud, and bud quantity cannot be more than 7；
4) branch towards plant growth inside is trimmed, ensures that sunlight can enter inside plant, promotes from tree crown
Entire plant bud eye growth, if trimming is improper, some branches can be caused to be stopped throughout the year by other branches, by less than light
According to influencing fruit matter；
5) retaining 2-4 base life branch, the base life branch is born, and grown towards four direction datum mark from tree crown base portion,
It cannot maintain between 25~40cm towards plant growth inside, the length range of the base life branch and improve yield；
6) the pyraclostrobin fungicide coating of volume a concentration of 0.2% is smeared on all notch of branch, promotes wound
Healing prevents the infection of virus and fungi；
7) pruning shear sterilizes：A plant has often been trimmed, thimerosal is sprayed to pruning shear, avoids the cross-infection of germ,
Thimerosal is the aqueous sodium hypochlorite solution that volumetric concentration is 2%.
In the yield of base, plant and the adjoining tree trimmed according to the method described above (do not limit fruitful branch length and bud
Quantity), output statistics analysis is carried out by experiment material of 6 years blueberry trees, 6 repetitions are set, interpretation of result is as follows：
Table 1：Different trim mode single plant yields compare
| Processing | Single plant yield (kg) |
| Limit fruitful branch length and the trimming of bud quantity | 4.03a |
| Fruitful branch length and the trimming of bud quantity are not limited | 3.43b |
These data are to carry out variance analysis to the data of 6 repetition values by Data Analysis Software spss17.0, different
Lowercase letter in 0.05 level significant difference (DuncanShi newly answer range test, P<0.05) it is, if identical
Lowercase although numerical value may have small variations, is comparable to what is be not significantly different in data analysis meaning.
As can be seen from the table above, the single plant yield of the blueberry tree after being trimmed using above-mentioned trim mode is not with limiting knot
Fruit branch length is compared with the blueberry tree single plant yield of bud quantity, single plant yield difference 0.6kg, and difference has been used behind numerical value
Lowercase a and b represent, both illustrate after numerical computations significant difference, calculated according to 300 plants of 0.07 hectare,
The two is compared to difference 180kg, it is seen that the blueberry tree after being trimmed according to the application pruning method is more considerable on yield increase effect.
Above content is only to present inventive concept example and explanation, affiliated those skilled in the art couple
Described specific embodiment does various modifications or additions or substitutes in a similar way, without departing from invention
Conceive or surmount range defined in the claims, be within the scope of protection of the invention.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of pruning method of blueberry, it is characterized in that, it is completed by following steps：
1) period is trimmed：Except other any growth periods of blueberry maturation fruiting period；
2) since blueberry tree bottom, cleaning diameter be less than 4mm, and length be less than 15cm blueberry branch, clean up non-lignifying,
Spin out all branches for entering tree crown on the ground, from centre of tree across block sunlight；
3) every branch of trimming is checked from branch bottom to top, retains the indigo plant that basal diameter is more than 4mm and length is more than 15cm
Certain kind of berries branch, the blueberry branch of reservation will be with bud, and bud quantity cannot be more than 7；
4) branch towards plant growth inside is trimmed, ensures that sunlight can enter inside plant, promotes entire from tree crown
The growth of plant bud eye；
5) retain 2-4 base life branch, maintain and improve yield；The base life branch retained is born, and direction four from tree crown base portion
A directional reference point growth, it is impossible to towards plant growth inside；The length of base life branch retained, according to kind difference, model
It is trapped among between 25~40cm；
6) in all notch coatings of branch, promote wound healing, prevent the infection of virus and fungi；
7) pruning shear sterilizes：A plant has often been trimmed, thimerosal is sprayed to pruning shear or pruning shear has been dipped into thimerosal
Disinfection, avoids the cross-infection of germ.
2. a kind of pruning method of blueberry as described in claim 1, it is characterized in that, when step 2) selects the blueberry branch, protect
Stay the vascular bundle of blueberry branch residing for bud.
3. a kind of pruning method of blueberry as described in claim 1, it is characterized in that, coating described in step 6) is volumetric concentration
For 0.2% pyraclostrobin fungicide.
4. a kind of pruning method of blueberry as described in claim 1, it is characterized in that, coating described in step 6) is formed for bacterium colony
Unit is not less than the Trichoderma harzianum of 100cfu/ml.
5. a kind of pruning method of blueberry as described in claim 1, it is characterized in that, thimerosal described in step 7) is dense for volume
Spend the aqueous sodium hypochlorite solution for 2%.
6. a kind of pruning method of blueberry as described in claim 1, it is characterized in that, thimerosal described in step 7) is dense for volume
Spend the potassium permanganate solution for 2%.
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| CN201510628331.4A CN105123311B (en) | 2015-09-28 | 2015-09-28 | A kind of pruning method of blueberry |
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| CN105123311B true CN105123311B (en) | 2018-06-19 |
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| CN110506563A (en) * | 2019-09-29 | 2019-11-29 | 曲靖佳沃现代农业有限公司 | It is suitble to the summer pruning method of plateau blueberry plantation |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104170610A (en) * | 2013-05-25 | 2014-12-03 | 贵州省植物园 | Rabbiteye blueberry high-yield cultivation and management technique |
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Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104170610A (en) * | 2013-05-25 | 2014-12-03 | 贵州省植物园 | Rabbiteye blueberry high-yield cultivation and management technique |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| 蓝莓冬季修剪技术;王贺春;《北方园艺》;20131231(第13期);第58-61页 * |
| 高丛蓝莓修剪技术;苏佳明等;《烟台果树》;20141231(第1期);第54-55页 * |
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