CN104105620B - 防眩镜、车辆以及防眩镜的制造方法 - Google Patents
防眩镜、车辆以及防眩镜的制造方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明提供一种在成为镜面的玻璃基板的背面侧配置有能够被施加电压的电致变色层的防眩镜,其能够使可利用的镜面大并且实现小型化。在玻璃基板(18)的背面上依次层叠透明电极膜(19)、以及具有面对该透明电极膜(19)的一部分的切口部(25A)的电致变色层(20),在除切口部(25A)以外的部分向电致变色层(20)的背面层叠电极兼反射膜(21A),在电极兼反射膜(21A)上电连接第一端子(28),在切口部(25A)内在透明电极(19)上电连接第二端子(29)。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及在成为镜面的玻璃基板的背面侧配置有能够被施加电压的电致变色层的防眩镜、使用该防眩镜的车辆以及防眩镜的制造方法的改进。
背景技术
在专利文献1中已经公开有如下结构:在玻璃基板的背面依次层叠有透明电极膜、电致变色层、电极兼反射膜,与所述透明电极膜连接的夹式电极(clip electrode)以及与所述电极兼反射膜连接的夹式电极被设置在玻璃基板的上下两缘部,这些夹式电极被壳体覆盖。
在先技术文献
专利文献
专利文献1:日本特开平8-282374号公报
发明概要
发明要解决的课题
然而,在上述专利文献1所公开的结构中,供夹式电极设置的位置一带或者玻璃基板的周缘部无法用作防眩镜,可利用的镜面受到限制。另外,由于夹式电极从镜基板的外缘向外侧突出,因此不得已导致包含壳体的防眩镜装置整体的大型化。
发明内容
本发明是鉴于上述情况而完成的,其目的在于提供能够使可利用的镜面大并且可实现小型化的防眩镜、使用该防眩镜的车辆以及能容易地制造能够使可利用的镜面大并且可实现小型化的防眩镜的防眩镜的制造方法。
解决方案
为了实现上述目的,本发明提供一种防眩镜,其第一特征在于,所述防眩镜具有:成为镜面的玻璃基板;透明电极膜以及电致变色层,其在所述玻璃基板的背面侧依次配置,所述电致变色层具有面对该透明电极膜的一部分的切口部,且能够被施加电压;第一电极兼反射膜,其在除所述切口部以外的部分向所述电致变色层的背面层叠;第一端子,其与所述第一电极兼反射膜电连接;第二端子,其在所述切口部内与所述透明电极膜电连接。在所述玻璃基板的背面上依次层叠有透明电极膜、以及具有面对该透明电极膜的一部分的切口部的所述电致变色层,在除所述切口部以外的部分向所述电致变色层的背面层叠电极兼反射膜,在所述电极兼反射膜上电连接第一端子,在所述切口部内在所述透明电极膜上电连接第二端子。
另外,本发明在第一特征的结构的基础上,其第二特征在于,所述防眩镜还具有第二电极兼反射膜,该第二电极兼反射膜在所述切口部内层叠于所述透明电极膜的背面,且与第一电极兼反射膜隔绝,所述第二端子隔着所述第二电极兼反射膜而与所述透明电极膜电连接。
本发明在第二特征的结构的基础上,其第三特征在于,所述防眩镜还具有光检测传感器,该光检测传感器配置在所述第二电极兼反射膜的背面侧的所述切口部,所述第一电极兼反射膜及第二电极兼反射膜是对来自所述玻璃基板侧的光进行反射的半透半反镜。
本发明在第一特征的结构的基础上,其第四特征在于,所述防眩镜具有涂层,该涂层设在所述防眩镜的外周上,且通过使树脂固化而成。
本发明提供一种使用第一~第四特征中任一者的防眩镜的车辆,其第五特征在于,将所述防眩镜用作车厢内后视镜。
本发明提供一种使用第一~第四特征的结构中任一者的防眩镜的车辆,其第六特征在于,将所述防眩镜用作车门后视镜。
本发明在第六特征的结构的基础上,其第七特征在于,在所述防眩镜的车宽方向内方侧的端部配置所述切口部。
另外,本发明提供一种用于制造第二特征的防眩镜的防眩镜的制造方法,其第八特征在于,该防眩镜的制造方法依次执行如下步骤:在所述玻璃基板的背面上形成透明电极膜的第一步骤;在将覆盖与所述切口部对应的部分的防附着构件装配于所述玻璃基板以及所述透明电极膜的状态下,在所述透明电极膜的背面的除由所述防附着构件覆盖的部分以外的部分形成电致变色层的第二步骤;在卸下所述防附着构件的状态下,在所述电致变色层的背面、所述电致变色层的与所述切口部对应的侧面以及所述透明电极膜的背面上形成能够成为第一电极兼反射膜及第二电极兼反射膜的预成形膜的第三步骤;通过对由所述第三步骤形成的所述预成形膜中的、成为所述切口部的外缘的部分实施激光蚀刻处理而形成所述切口部,并且将所述预成形膜分离为相互隔绝的第一电极兼反射膜及第二电极兼反射膜的第四步骤;以及在第一电极兼反射膜上电连接第一端子并且在第二电极兼反射膜上电连接第二端子的第五步骤。
发明效果
根据本发明的第一特征,在电致变色层上设置面对将电致变色层夹持在其与电极兼反射膜之间的透明电极的一部分的切口部,在电极兼反射膜上电连接第一端子,在切口部内且在透明电极膜上电连接第二端子,因此无法用作防眩镜的仅是与切口部对应的部分的较小空间,能够使可利用的镜面大,由于第一端子及第二端子不会从镜面向侧方突出,因此能够实现小型化。
另外,根据本发明的第二特征,隔着与层叠于电致变色层的第一电极兼反射膜隔绝而在切口部内层叠于透明电极层的第二电极兼反射膜,第二端子与透明电极膜电连接,因此能够避免因设置切口部而透视玻璃基板的背后的情况。
根据本发明的第三特征,由于透过玻璃基板、透明电极以及作为半透半反镜的第二电极兼反射膜而进入的光由切口部内的光检测传感器检测出,因此在防眩镜的周围无须确保用于配置光检测传感器的空间,能够包含光检测传感器并实现小型化。
根据本发明的第四特征,能够确保作为防眩镜的车厢内后视镜的镜面较宽且实现该车厢内后视镜的小型化。
根据本发明的第五特征,能够确保作为防眩镜的车门后视镜的镜面较宽且实现该车门后视镜的小型化。
根据本发明的第六特征,车门后视镜的车宽方向内方侧的端部为映入本车的部分,不需要防眩功能,因此在该部分处配置切口部,从而能够高效地配置用作防眩镜的位置。
另外,根据本发明的第七特征,将能够成为第一电极兼反射膜及第二电极兼反射膜的预成形膜形成在电致变色层的背面、电致变色层的与切口部对应的侧面以及透明电极膜的背面之后,对该预成形膜中的成为切口部的外缘的部分实施激光蚀刻处理而形成切口部,并且将预成形膜分离为相互隔绝的第一电极兼反射膜及第二电极兼反射膜,因此能够容易且高效地形成切口部、第一电极兼反射膜及第二电极兼反射膜。
附图说明
图1表示第一实施方式,是从后方观察车厢内的前部的图。
图2是车厢内后视镜的放大图。
图3是图2的3-3线剖视图。
图4是图2的4-4线剖视图。
图5是依次表示防眩镜的制造过程的图。在此,图5(a)是表示第一步骤的图,图5(b)是表示第二步骤的图,图5(c)是表示第三步骤的图,图5(d)是表示第四步骤的图,图5(e)是表示第五步骤的图,图5(f)是表示第六步骤的图。
图6是第二实施方式的与图3对应的剖视图。
具体实施方式
以下,参照附图对本发明的实施方式进行说明。
参照图1~图5对本发明的第一实施方式进行说明时,首先,在图1中,就座在配置于乘用车辆的车厢11内的例如前部右侧的驾驶座位12上的车辆驾驶员为了获得车辆后方的视野,在车厢11内的前部的上部配置车厢内后视镜13,在车辆的左右的前部侧门15L、15R的外侧前部配置车门后视镜14L、14R。
在图2~图4中,所述车厢内后视镜13在形成为朝向后方打开的碗状而支承于车身的壳体16内以堵塞该壳体16的开口部的方式设置防眩镜17A而成,该防眩镜17A能够通过向在成为镜面的玻璃基板18的背面侧配置的电致变色层20施加电压而改变反射率。
所述防眩镜17A在所述玻璃基板18的背面依次层叠有透明电极膜19、以及具有面对该透明电极19的一部分的切口部25A的所述电致变色层20,在除所述切口部25A以外的部分且所述电致变色层20的背面层叠的第一电极兼反射膜21A上电连接有第一端子28,在所述切口部25A内且在所述透明电极膜19上电连接有第二端子29,在该实施方式中,经由与第一电极兼反射膜21A隔绝且在所述切口部25A内层叠于所述透明电极膜19的第二电极兼反射膜21B而将第二端子29与所述透明电极膜19电连接。
所述透明电极膜19例如由氧化铟锡构成,所述电致变色层20从所述透明电极膜19侧起依次例如层叠有氧化镍层22、五氧化二钽层23以及氧化钨层24而成。另外,第一电极兼反射膜21A及第二电极兼反射膜21B例如由铝构成,成为对来自所述玻璃基板18侧的光进行反射的半透半反镜。
另外,所述切口部25A在该第一实施方式中以面对所述透明电极膜19的下部的宽度方向中央部的方式设于所述电致变色层20的宽度方向中央下部。
在第一电极兼反射膜21A处借助导电性粘合剂26而连接第一端子28,在所述切口部25A内且在第二电极兼反射膜21B处借助导电性粘合剂27而连接第二端子29。
所述防眩镜17A包括具有第一端子28以及第二端子29而粘贴于第一电极兼反射膜21A的背面的树脂面板30,该树脂面板30例如包含由聚乙烯构成的面板主要部分31、覆盖该面板主要部分31的一面的膜状的罩部32。所述罩部32例如由聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯-丙烯酸酯构成,以在所述面板主要部分31的一面上埋设有被制动铆接的第一端子28以及第二端子29的前端部的方式覆盖所述面板主要部分31的一面。
其中,在图3以及图4中,为了使构造明确而夸张描述所述透明电极膜19、所述电致变色层20、第一电极兼反射膜21A及第二电极兼反射膜21B的厚度,第二端子29以及第二电极膜兼反射膜21B间的间隔在图3中分开得较大,但实际的所述电致变色层20的厚度为1mm以下的极薄厚度,实际上借助较薄的导电性粘合剂27而使第二端子29以及第二电极膜兼反射膜21B如图3的虚线所示地进行电连接。
所述防眩镜17A处于如下所述的状态:向所述玻璃基板18的背面上层叠有所述透明电极膜19、所述电致变色层20以及第一电极兼反射膜21A,在切口部25A内向所述透明电极膜19上层叠第二电极兼反射膜21B,在第一电极兼反射膜21A粘贴有所述树脂面板30,在处于上述状态的所述防眩镜17A的外周,例如设有使环氧树脂固化而成的涂层33,由此,使所述玻璃基板18、所述透明电极膜19、所述电致变色层20、第一电极兼反射膜21A及第二电极兼反射膜21B、以及所述树脂面板30相互结合。
在所述树脂面板30的背面处设有供第一端子28以及第二端子29插入的基板34,在该基板34上安装有用于对成为使防眩镜17A的反射率发生变化的基准的光量进行检测的光检测传感器35。该光检测传感器35例如为光电二极管。
在图4中,所述树脂面板30形成为不覆盖所述切口部25A的形状,所述光检测传感器35以配置在第二电极兼反射膜21B的背面侧的所述切口部25A处的方式设置于所述基板34。
参照图5对这样的防眩镜17A的制造方法进行说明时,在第一步骤中,如图5(a)所示,在玻璃基板18的背面上形成透明电极膜19,在接下来的第二步骤中,如图5(b)所示,在将覆盖与切口部25A对应的部分的夹子状的防附着构件38装配于所述玻璃基板18以及所述透明电极膜19的状态下,在所述透明电极膜19的背面的除由所述防附着构件38覆盖的部分以外的部分上形成电致变色层20。
在第三步骤中,如图5(c)所示,在卸下所述防附着构件38的状态下,在所述电致变色层20的背面、所述电致变色层20的与所述切口部25A对应的侧面以及所述透明电极膜19的背面上形成能够成为第一电极兼反射膜21A及第二电极兼反射膜21B的预成形膜21,在第四步骤中,如图5(d)所示,对通过第三步骤形成的预成形膜21中的成为所述切口部25A的外缘的部分实施激光蚀刻处理而形成所述切口部25A,并且将预成形膜21分离为相互隔绝的第一所述电极兼反射膜21A及第二所述电极兼反射膜21B。接下来,在第五步骤中,如图5(e)所示,以在第一电极兼反射膜21A上借助导电性粘合剂26而电连接第一端子28、并且在第二电极兼反射膜21B上借助导电性粘合剂27而电连接第二端子29的方式将树脂面板30粘贴于第一电极兼反射膜21A的背面,由此构成防眩镜17A。接下来,在第六步骤中,如图5(f)所示,在该防眩镜17A的外周涂敷环氧树脂而形成涂层33,所述玻璃基板18、所述透明电极膜19、所述电致变色层20、第一电极兼反射膜21A及第二电极兼反射膜21B、以及所述树脂面板30相互结合。
着眼于图1,配设在车辆的左右的前部侧门15L、15R的外侧前部的车门后视镜14L、14R在形成为朝向后方打开的碗状而支承于车身的壳体39L、39R内以堵塞上述壳体39L、39R的开口部的方式设置防眩镜17B、17C而成,防眩镜17B、17C构成为与所述车厢内后视镜13的防眩镜17A基本上相同,但在防眩镜17B、17C的车宽方向内方侧的端部处配置切口部25B、25C。
接下来,对该第一实施方式的作用进行说明时,防眩镜17A~17C在玻璃基板18的背面上依次层叠有透明电极膜19、以及具有面对该透明电极膜19的一部分的切口部25A~25C的电致变色层20,在除所述切口部25A~25C以外的部分向所述电致变色层20的背面层叠第一电极兼反射膜21A,在第一电极兼反射膜21A上电连接第一端子28,在切口部25A~25C内向透明电极膜19电连接第二端子29,因此无法用作防眩镜17A~17C的仅是与切口部25A~25C对应的部分的较少空间,能够使可利用的镜面大,由于第一端子28以及第二端子29不从镜面向侧方突出,因此能够实现小型化。
另外,与第一电极兼反射膜21A隔绝的第二电极兼反射膜21B在所述切口部25A~25C内层叠于所述透明电极膜19的背面,在所述切口部25A~25C内向第二电极兼反射膜21B连接第二端子29,因此能够避免因设置切口部25A~25C而透过玻璃基板18的背后看到的情况。
另外,由于在作为半透半反镜的第二电极兼反射膜21B的背面侧的切口部25A~25C处设置光检测传感器35,因此透过玻璃基板18、透明电极19以及第二电极兼反射膜21B而进入的光被切口部25A~25C内的光检测传感器35检测出,不需要在防眩镜17A~17C的周围确保用于配置光检测传感器35的空间,能够包含光检测传感器35并实现小型化。
另外,由于将防眩镜17A用作车厢内后视镜13,因此能够确保车厢内后视镜13的镜面较宽且实现该车厢内后视镜13的小型化,由于将防眩镜17B、17C用作车门后视镜14L、14R,因此能够确保车门后视镜14L、14R的镜面较宽且实现该车门后视镜14L、14R的小型化。
然而,车门后视镜14L、14R的车宽方向内方侧的端部是映入本车的部分,不需要防眩功能,在用作车门后视镜14L、14R的所述防眩镜17B、17C的车宽方向内方侧的端部配置所述切口部25B、25C,因此能够高效地配置用作防眩镜17B、17C的位置。
另外,在制造防眩镜17A~17C时,依次执行如下所述的步骤:在玻璃基板18的背面形成透明电极膜19的第一步骤;在将覆盖与切口部25A~25C对应的部分的防附着构件38装配于所述玻璃基板18以及所述透明电极膜19的状态下,在所述透明电极膜19的背面的除由所述防附着构件38覆盖的部分以外的部分上形成电致变色层20的第二步骤;在卸下所述防附着构件38的状态下,在所述电致变色层20的背面、所述电致变色层20的与所述切口部25A~25C对应的侧面以及所述透明电极膜19的背面上形成能够成为第一电极兼反射膜21A及第二电极兼反射膜21B的预成形膜21的第三步骤;对由第三步骤形成的预成形膜21中的成为所述切口部25A~25C的外缘的部分实施激光蚀刻处理而形成所述切口部25A~25C,并且将预成形膜21分离为相互隔绝的第一所述电极兼反射膜21A及第二所述电极兼反射膜21B的第四步骤;在第一电极兼反射膜21A处电连接第一端子28并且在第二电极兼反射膜21B处电连接第二端子29的第五步骤,因此能够容易且高效地形成切口部25A~25C、第一电极兼反射膜21A及第二电极兼反射膜21B。
作为本发明的第二实施方式,如图6所示,用作车厢内后视镜13的防眩镜17A的切口部25A也可以通过面对透明电极膜19的上部的宽度方向中央部的方式设置于电致变色层20的宽度方向中央上部。
以上,对本发明的实施方式进行了说明,但本发明并不限定于上述实施方式,能够在不脱离权利要求书所记载的本发明的前提下进行各种设计变更。
附图标记说明如下:
13…车厢内后视镜
14L、14R…车门后视镜
17A、17B、17C…防眩镜
18…玻璃基板
19…透明电极膜
20…电致变色层
21…预成形膜
21A…第一电极兼反射膜
21B…第二电极兼反射膜
25A、25B、25C…切口部
35…光检测传感器
38…防附着构件
Claims (7)
1.一种防眩镜,其中,
所述防眩镜具有:
成为镜面的玻璃基板(18);
透明电极膜(19)以及电致变色层(20),其在所述玻璃基板(18)的背面侧依次配置,所述电致变色层(20)具有面对该透明电极膜(19)的一部分的切口部(25A、25B、25C),且能够被施加电压;
第一电极兼反射膜(21A),其在除所述切口部(25A、25B、25C)以外的部分向所述电致变色层(20)的背面层叠;
第二电极兼反射膜(21B),其在所述切口部(25A、25B、25C)内层叠于所述透明电极膜(19)的背面,且与第一电极兼反射膜(21A)隔绝,
第一端子(28),其与所述第一电极兼反射膜(21A)电连接;
第二端子(29),其在所述切口部(25A、25B、25C)内与所述透明电极膜(19)电连接,
所述第二端子(29)隔着所述第二电极兼反射膜(21B)而与所述透明电极膜(19)电连接。
2.根据权利要求1所述的防眩镜,其中,
所述防眩镜还具有光检测传感器(35),该光检测传感器(35)配置在所述第二电极兼反射膜(21B)的背面侧的所述切口部(25A),
所述第一电极兼反射膜(21A)及第二电极兼反射膜(21B)是对来自所述玻璃基板(18)侧的光进行反射的半透半反镜。
3.根据权利要求1所述的防眩镜,其中,
所述防眩镜具有涂层,该涂层设在所述防眩镜的外周上,且通过使树脂固化而成。
4.一种车辆,其中,
将权利要求1至3中任一项所述的防眩镜(17A)用作车厢内后视镜(13)。
5.一种车辆,其中,
将权利要求1至3中任一项所述的防眩镜(17B及17C)用作车门后视镜(14L及14R)。
6.根据权利要求5所述的车辆,其中,
在所述防眩镜(17B及17C)的车宽方向内方侧的端部配置有所述切口部(25B及25C)。
7.一种防眩镜的制造方法,该防眩镜在成为镜面的玻璃基板(18)的背面侧依次配置透明电极膜(19)以及电致变色层(20),该电致变色层(20)具有切口部(25A、25B、25C)且能够被施加电压,所述电致变色层(20)隔着第一电极兼反射膜(21A)而与第一端子(28)电连接,所述透明电极膜(19)隔着第二电极兼反射膜(21B)而与第二端子(29)电连接,其中,
所述防眩镜的制造方法依次执行如下步骤:
在所述玻璃基板(18)的背面上形成所述透明电极膜(19)的第一步骤;
在将覆盖与所述切口部(25A、25B、25C)对应的部分的防附着构件(38)装配于所述玻璃基板(18)以及所述透明电极膜(19)的状态下,在所述透明电极膜(19)的背面的除由所述防附着构件(38)覆盖的部分以外的部分形成电致变色层(20)的第二步骤;
在卸下所述防附着构件(38)的状态下,在所述电致变色层(20)的背面、所述电致变色层(20)的与所述切口部(25A、25B、25C)对应的侧面以及所述透明电极膜(19)的背面上形成能够成为第一电极兼反射膜(21A)及第二电极兼反射膜(21B)的预成形膜(21)的第三步骤;
通过对由所述第三步骤形成的所述预成形膜(21)中的、成为所述切口部(25A、25B、25C)的外缘的部分实施激光蚀刻处理而形成所述切口部(25A、25B、25C),并且将所述预成形膜(21)分离为相互隔绝的第一电极兼反射膜(21A)及第二电极兼反射膜(21B)的第四步骤;以及
在第一电极兼反射膜(21A)上电连接第一端子(28)并且在第二电极兼反射膜(21B)上电连接第二端子(29)的第五步骤。
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PCT/JP2013/059020 WO2014013759A1 (ja) | 2012-07-17 | 2013-03-27 | 防眩ミラー、車両および防眩ミラーの製造方法 |
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JP7086715B2 (ja) * | 2017-06-08 | 2022-06-20 | キヤノン株式会社 | エレクトロクロミックミラー |
CN108528343B (zh) * | 2018-04-18 | 2020-11-20 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | 一种防眩目后视镜及其控制方法 |
CN109466455B (zh) * | 2018-11-27 | 2021-06-18 | 绍兴市亿跃智能科技有限公司 | 一种新能源汽车自动防眩目后视镜 |
CN109591704B (zh) | 2019-01-02 | 2021-01-22 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | 防眩光装置和后视镜 |
EP3712694A1 (en) * | 2019-03-19 | 2020-09-23 | Ricoh Company, Ltd. | Electronic device, method for producing electronic device, photochromatic lens unit, and electrochromic element |
JP7274122B2 (ja) * | 2019-03-20 | 2023-05-16 | 株式会社リコー | 電子デバイス及びその製造方法、並びに、調光レンズユニット |
WO2021001287A1 (en) * | 2019-07-02 | 2021-01-07 | Merck Patent Gmbh | Switchable optical device and switchable glazing unit |
TWI745950B (zh) * | 2019-11-27 | 2021-11-11 | 欣興電子股份有限公司 | 電致變色鏡片模組 |
JP7373463B2 (ja) * | 2020-05-29 | 2023-11-02 | 美里工業株式会社 | 全固体型ecミラー、車両用ミラー装置 |
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