CN104058865A - New sprout cultivation matrix by taking straw as rice and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents
New sprout cultivation matrix by taking straw as rice and manufacturing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN104058865A CN104058865A CN201410318058.0A CN201410318058A CN104058865A CN 104058865 A CN104058865 A CN 104058865A CN 201410318058 A CN201410318058 A CN 201410318058A CN 104058865 A CN104058865 A CN 104058865A
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Abstract
Disclosed are a new sprout cultivation matrix by taking straw as rice and a manufacturing method of the matrix. The matrix is composed, by weight, 75 percent to 80 percent of the straw, 20 percent to 25 percent of rice field fine earth, fertilizer and water. The manufacturing method of the matrix comprises the following steps of firstly, drying and smashing the straw, secondly, modulating the fertilizer and blending the matrix, thirdly, performing stack retting and fermentation, and fourthly, performing disinfection treatment. According to the matrix, waste in the rice production is fully recycled, manufacturing and operation are easy and convenient to implement, and the rice seedling quality is good.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of rice seedling raising ground substance and preparation method, particularly a kind of rice machine rice transplanting industrial sprout cultivation matrix and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
South China is double rice cropping system mostly, double cropping paddy rice production link is many, seasonal strong, the recruitment of wherein rice transplanting link is many, labour intensity is large, widely popularize rice mechanization rice transplanting technology, can effectively fight for farming season, reducing labour intensity, is abridged edition saving of labor, the effective measure that improve Rice Production benefit.Current, China's rice mechanical transplanting area is less, and the technical bottleneck problem that popularization transplanting runs into is mainly seedling, and the quality of rice shoot is the key of rice machine rice transplanting success or failure.Transplanting requires rice shoot height of seedling moderate (12-15cm); Well developed root system, dish seedling becomes piece, Pan Jieli moderate; The every cm of seedling piece
2there is 2-4 young plant; Rise seedling, fortune seedling be not scattered.In Rice Production, seedling is lack of standardization at present, machine transplanting of rice seedling adopts rice field mud soil more, seedling-cultivation plate soil property amount is inconsistent, dish soil particle is not of uniform size, nutrient distribution is irregular etc., thereby seedling dish spread native thickness be uneven cause sprouting irregular, seedling growth is uneven, seedling quality is poor, and rotten and dead seedlings is short of seedling.Therefore plant after be short of seedling, hinder seedling, stiff seedling rate is high, impact turn green, tiller, directly cause and affect rice yield.Large face is promoted rice machine rice transplanting, and it is inexorable trend and precondition that rice shoot stdn, standardization, batch production are produced.At present seedling raising ground substance is mostly from rice field table soil, and development industrial sprout cultivation, needs a large amount of seedling raising ground substances, as got on the spot rice field table soil as seedling nutraceutical matrix, year after year, can destroy a large amount of agricultural land soil arable layers, because of but can not continue for a long time.Therefore, utilize other material to replace most of soil by ecological lasting to the protection of favourable farmland and rice field.
Double rice cropping system, because temperature during late rice seedling growth is high, rice seedling growth is fast, the length of time rice seedlings grow of 20-25 days, rice shoot plant height has exceeded the suitable height of transplanting, therefore, controlling the growing height of late rice rice shoot, is that the suitable rice transplanting of cultivation late rice is the key of important seedling.Prior art is after rice seedling, to spray growth regulator paclobutrazol, to control the growth of rice seedling plant height, but owing to often meeting thundershower weather during seedling, is often that dispenser is drenched invalid.Therefore during being necessary to adopt alternate manner to replace seedling growth, spray medicine, to reach the object of stablizing pesticide supplying effect.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome the defect that existing seedling-cultivation technique exists, provide a kind of straw of using as new matrix of raising rice seedlings and preparation method thereof, this matrix is fully by simple to waste cycling and reutilization and preparation manipulation in Rice Production, and Seedling Quality in Rice is good.Simultaneously for double rice cropping system, during late rice seedling growth, temperature is high, rice seedling growth is fast, rice shoot plant height very easily exceedes the suitable height of transplanting, the problem of the inconvenience machine transplanting of rice, in matrix, add paclobutrazol at this seedling raising ground substance, needn't spray again growth regulator after planting, effectively controlled plant height.
For achieving the above object, the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of using straw as the new matrix of raising rice seedlings, it is characterized in that, the straw that described matrix is 75%-80% by massfraction, the fine earth of 20%-25%, fertilizer and water form.
A preparation method using straw as the new matrix of raising rice seedlings, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
Step 1, straw is Daed to Bales be transported to threshing ground, tan by the sun dryly, tan by the sun dried straw feed grinder and pulverize;
Step 2, required fertilizer amount are by adding 70-80g purity nitrogen, 40-60g Vanadium Pentoxide in FLAKES, 60-80g potassium oxide in every 100L matrix, water fully dissolves, then with the straw crushing and by volume 3-4 of fine earth: 1 abundant uniform mixing; Also can be first by the uniform mixing in advance of the straw of fertilizer and pulverizing, fine earth, then add clear water and mix and stir rear stack retting, in said process, the required water yield is that the volume ratio of matrix and water is 5:1;
Step 3, the material of becoming reconciled is placed in container, slightly compacting, adds a cover, or be deposited in the ground that is covered with plastics film, slightly make real, more real with plastics film bag, in pile fermentation process, turning in 3-5 days is once, pile fermentation turns black, limbers up to rice straw, and good water absorption enters under water heavy;
Step 4, the matrix that stack retting is good are used disinfectant disinfection again.
In above-mentioned steps 1, straw is pulverized granular size below 2mm.
The good matrix of above-mentioned steps 4 stack rettings is in the time using disinfectant disinfection again, and every 100L matrix is mixed 70% fenaminosulf 20-25g.
The 3 pile fermentation times of above-mentioned steps are 15-30 days.
In order to make matrix be more suitable for double cropping late rice, avoid during late rice seedling, because of other factors dispenser in time, also comprising step 5 below, through the rice straw of sterilization, every 100L mixes 15% paclobutrazol 100mg.
The present invention compared with prior art, has the following advantages:
(1) material source is in paddy rice self product, and source is wide, is the waste cycling and reutilization in Rice Production.
(2) less investment, cost are low, and operation is simple for matrix composition, disperse preparation or scale production all right; Rice straw is lightweight, convenient transportation.
(3) reduce field after rice agriculture rice harves and burned straw, environmental.
(4) save in a large number the required a large amount of paddy soils of raising rice seedlings year after year, be of value to farmland protection.
(5) during as late rice seedling raising ground substance, in matrix, add paclobutrazol, needn't spray again growth regulator after planting, can effectively control plant height.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the preparation flow figure of the new matrix of raising rice seedlings of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the preparation flow figure of the new matrix of raising rice seedlings of the present invention as late rice matrix.
Embodiment
The present invention be directed to rice machine rice transplanting seedling needs a large amount of Nutrition Soils, and the long-term difficult problem that fetches earth on the spot in a large number, utilizes straw as matrix, has solved a rice mechanical transplanting seedling raising ground substance difficult problem, is also a kind of new way of opening up farmland waste cycling and reutilization.The evidence of several years, straw can be used as raising rice seedlings completely.The seedling effect that straw mixes with paddy soils different ratios is in table 1.
The impact of table 1 rice straw proportionings different from paddy soils on early rice seedling quality (kind: in good early 17)
Embodiment 1: the preparation method of straw seedling raising ground substance, comprises the following steps:
(1) straw is the paddy rice producing region abundant material of originating, and in the rice machine time receiving, requires herb harvesting, to play Bales transport.After harvesting, (have ready conditions and can dry in field) Daed Bales by straw and is transported to threshing ground, tans by the sun dry.Tan by the sun dry straw, available feed grinder is pulverized, and pulverized particles size is below 2mm.
(2) before straw pile fermentation, the fertilizer such as nitrogen, phosphorus, K composite fertilizer, biological organic fertilizer or the composite organic-inorganic fertilizer being equipped with by institute's expense in advance, add 70-80g purity nitrogen, 40-60g Vanadium Pentoxide in FLAKES, 60-80g potassium oxide at this fertilizer in preferably by every 100L matrix.The fertilizer modulating is fully dissolved by matrix and 5: 1 water consumptions of water volume ratio, then with the straw crushing and by volume 3-4 of fine earth: 1 abundant uniform mixing.Also can be first by the uniform mixing in advance of the straw of fertilizer and pulverizing, fine earth, then add clear water and mix and stir rear stack retting.Add 20%-25% fine earth be not only supplement a small amount of nutrition, prior is mainly in earth, to have rotten stalk mushroom, contributes to the fermentation of straw, destroys the original weave construction of straw, make more easily to merge between straw pulverized particles, the acid-basicity after substrate fermentation is played to shock absorption simultaneously.
(3) material mixing and stirring is placed in container, slightly compacting, add a cover, or be deposited in the ground that is covered with plastics film, slightly make real, real with plastics film bag again, pile fermentation 15-30 days (the high time of temperature is short, the low time of temperature is long), to rice straw blackout, limber up, good water absorption, enters under water heavy.
(4) the good matrix of matrix sterilization stack retting is used disinfectant disinfection again.
Matrix early rice seedling effect is in table 2.
The seedling of table 2 rice straw and Seedling Quality in Rice (kind: middle morning 39)
Embodiment 2: as the preparation method of the special straw seedling raising ground substance of late rice, comprise the following steps:
(1) straw is the paddy rice producing region abundant material of originating, and in the rice machine time receiving, requires herb harvesting, to play Bales transport.After harvesting, (have ready conditions and can dry in field) Daed Bales by straw and is transported to threshing ground, tans by the sun dry.Tan by the sun dry straw, available feed grinder is pulverized, and pulverized particles size is below 2mm.
(2) before straw pile fermentation, the fertilizer such as nitrogen, phosphorus, K composite fertilizer, biological organic fertilizer or the composite organic-inorganic fertilizer being equipped with by institute's expense in advance, add 70-80g purity nitrogen, 40-60g Vanadium Pentoxide in FLAKES, 60-80g potassium oxide at this fertilizer in preferably by every 100L matrix.The fertilizer modulating is fully dissolved by matrix and 5: 1 water consumptions of water volume ratio, then with the straw crushing and by volume 3-4 of fine earth: 1 abundant uniform mixing.Also can be first by the uniform mixing in advance of the straw of fertilizer and pulverizing, fine earth, then add clear water and mix and stir rear stack retting.Add 20%-25% fine earth be not only supplement a small amount of nutrition, prior is mainly in earth, to have rotten stalk mushroom, contributes to the fermentation of straw, destroys the original weave construction of straw, make more easily to merge between straw pulverized particles, the acid-basicity after substrate fermentation is played to shock absorption simultaneously.
(3) material mixing and stirring is placed in container, slightly compacting, add a cover, or is deposited in the ground that is covered with plastics film, slightly make real, more real with plastics film bag, and pile fermentation 15-30 days, to rice straw blackout, limber up, good water absorption, enters under water heavy.
(4) matrix that stack retting is good is in using disinfectant disinfection again, and every 100L matrix is mixed 70% fenaminosulf 20-25g.
(5) through the rice straw of sterilization, every 100L mixes 15% paclobutrazol 100mg.
The seedling effect of late rice dedicated substrate and non-dedicated substrate is in table 3 and table 4.
The special seedling raising ground substance of table 3 late rice with contrast seedling quality difference (kind: Huang Huazhan)
The special seedling raising ground substance of table 4 late rice with contrast seedling transplantating quality and plant after root of hair situation (kind: Huang Huazhan)
Claims (6)
1. using straw as the new matrix of raising rice seedlings, it is characterized in that, the straw that described matrix is 75%-80% by massfraction, the fine earth of 20%-25%, fertilizer and water form.
2. a kind of preparation method using straw as the new matrix of raising rice seedlings according to claim 1, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
Step 1, straw is Daed to Bales be transported to threshing ground, tan by the sun dryly, tan by the sun dried straw feed grinder and pulverize;
Step 2, required fertilizer amount are by adding 70-80g purity nitrogen, 40-60g Vanadium Pentoxide in FLAKES, 60-80g potassium oxide in every 100L matrix, water fully dissolves, then with the straw crushing and by volume 3-4 of fine earth: 1 abundant uniform mixing; Also can be first by the uniform mixing in advance of the straw of fertilizer and pulverizing, fine earth, then add clear water and mix and stir rear stack retting, in said process, the required water yield is that the volume ratio of matrix and water is 5:1;
Step 3, the material of becoming reconciled is placed in container, slightly compacting, adds a cover, or be deposited in the ground that is covered with plastics film, slightly make real, more real with plastics film bag, in pile fermentation process, turning in 3-5 days is once, pile fermentation turns black, limbers up to rice straw, and good water absorption enters under water heavy;
Step 4, the matrix that stack retting is good are used disinfectant disinfection again.
3. a kind of preparation method using straw as the new matrix of raising rice seedlings according to claim 2, is characterized in that, in described step 1, straw is pulverized granular size below 2mm.
4. a kind of preparation method using straw as the new matrix of raising rice seedlings according to claim 2, is characterized in that, the good matrix of described step 4 stack retting is in the time using disinfectant disinfection again, and every 100L matrix is mixed 70% fenaminosulf 20-25g.
5. a kind of preparation method using straw as the new matrix of raising rice seedlings according to claim 2, is characterized in that, the described step 3 pile fermentation time is 15-30 days.
6. a kind of preparation method using straw as the new matrix of raising rice seedlings according to claim 2, is characterized in that, also comprises step 5, and through the rice straw of sterilization, every 100L mixes 15% paclobutrazol 100mg.
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Cited By (5)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105272482A (en) * | 2015-11-25 | 2016-01-27 | 江西农业大学 | Mechanically-transplanted rice seedling raising matrix prepared by taking composted straws as raw materials and preparation method of mechanically-transplanted rice seedling raising matrix |
| CN105330409A (en) * | 2015-11-05 | 2016-02-17 | 周美文 | Preparation method of rice seedling raising nutrition soil for mechanized rice transplanting |
| CN105601421A (en) * | 2015-12-25 | 2016-05-25 | 江西农业大学 | Rice seedling culturing substrate using Chinese medicinal residue as main raw material and preparation method of rice seedling culturing substrate |
| CN106105930A (en) * | 2016-07-25 | 2016-11-16 | 江西农业大学 | The rice cultivating method of double season mechanization straw incorporations |
| CN106489690A (en) * | 2015-10-28 | 2017-03-15 | 江西省农业科学院农业工程研究所 | A kind of soilless breeding seeding substrate and preparation method thereof |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106489690A (en) * | 2015-10-28 | 2017-03-15 | 江西省农业科学院农业工程研究所 | A kind of soilless breeding seeding substrate and preparation method thereof |
| CN105330409A (en) * | 2015-11-05 | 2016-02-17 | 周美文 | Preparation method of rice seedling raising nutrition soil for mechanized rice transplanting |
| CN105272482A (en) * | 2015-11-25 | 2016-01-27 | 江西农业大学 | Mechanically-transplanted rice seedling raising matrix prepared by taking composted straws as raw materials and preparation method of mechanically-transplanted rice seedling raising matrix |
| CN105601421A (en) * | 2015-12-25 | 2016-05-25 | 江西农业大学 | Rice seedling culturing substrate using Chinese medicinal residue as main raw material and preparation method of rice seedling culturing substrate |
| CN105601421B (en) * | 2015-12-25 | 2020-05-15 | 江西农业大学 | Rice seedling raising matrix taking traditional Chinese medicine residues as main raw materials and preparation method thereof |
| CN106105930A (en) * | 2016-07-25 | 2016-11-16 | 江西农业大学 | The rice cultivating method of double season mechanization straw incorporations |
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