CN107118018A - A kind of soil conditioner and its preparation method and application - Google Patents
A kind of soil conditioner and its preparation method and application Download PDFInfo
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- CN107118018A CN107118018A CN201710321589.9A CN201710321589A CN107118018A CN 107118018 A CN107118018 A CN 107118018A CN 201710321589 A CN201710321589 A CN 201710321589A CN 107118018 A CN107118018 A CN 107118018A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
- C05D3/00—Calcareous fertilisers
- C05D3/02—Calcareous fertilisers from limestone, calcium carbonate, calcium hydrate, slaked lime, calcium oxide, waste calcium products
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
- A01C1/06—Coating or dressing seed
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Conditioners And Soil-Stabilizing Materials (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to field of environment protection, a kind of soil conditioner and its preparation method and application is disclosed.Soil conditioner disclosed by the invention includes following components by weight：50~60 parts of wood-fibred, 14~18 parts of charcoal, 25~30 parts of humus, 3~6 parts of polysaccharide, 1~3 part of algae essence, 0.001~0.005 part of Trichoderma and nitrogen-fixing bacteria 0.001~0.005.The invention also discloses the preparation method of the soil conditioner, using and application method, the soil conditioner have it is good improve soil physico-chemical property and promote plant Cheng Ping performance, and prepare and application process is simple, beneficial to popularization and application.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of environment protection, more particularly to a kind of soil conditioner and its preparation method and application.
Background technology
Plant growth needs sunlight, air, temperature, water and soil top 5 factor, with restoration of the ecosystem, Slope greening breath manner of breathing
What is closed is edphic factor.Soil directly provides nutrient and moisture and fixed plant for plant.
The remote districts of mine site or shortage organic matter can be existed under the problem of soil fertility is barren, soil fertility
Be not suitable for plant growth, be also unfavorable for water and soil conservation.
The soil organism is the product after plant and animal residues is decomposed by the microorganisms in soil, and organic matter can alleviate the plate of clay
Character is tied, can also improving the structures of sandy soil, there is provided water holding fertilizer-preserving ability.Organic matter carries negative electrical charge, using the teaching of the invention it is possible to provide substantial amounts of
Basic point improves cation exchange capacity (CEC) (CEC) so as to combine more mineral cations beneficial to plant growth in soil.Organic matter
Content should account for the 3~5% of soil dry weight, and the content of organic matter is low to cause the shortage of soil mineral and nitrogen, long-term conventional
Plant fertilizer deficiency can be caused.
Topsoil refers to the deep soil of the soil the superiors about 5~20cm, is that soil nutrient is most abundant, microorganism is most active
Level (0 layer in accompanying drawing 1 and A layers), root system of plant, which is generally concentrated, to be grown in topsoil and obtains most of growth from topsoil
Required nutrient.Most of building site causes topsoil due to operation, leaves behind subsoil and the bottom of unsuitable plant growth
Soil layer (the B layers that 1 kinds of accompanying drawing and C layers), Slope greening it is necessary to have certain thickness topsoil for plant take root growth (10~
20cm)。
Although the topsoil for being adapted to serike is valuable agricultural resource, condition is not met enough in reality
Table soil is available.Traditional solution is top layer earthing, but the table soil stored up still is table soil, only top layer activity, not
Soil texture can be changed from substantial, and the transport of table soil and the expense that paves are surprising, and can pollute.Table soil can not
Pave on abrupt slope, and the table soil paved is easily caused and corroded.
Therefore, it is that those skilled in the art need the technology solved to ask to research and develop a kind of more preferable soil improvement method of effect
Topic.
The content of the invention
In view of this, the invention discloses a kind of soil conditioner and preparation method thereof, repaired to solve existing improvement
Repairing effect is not good in soil method, and vegetation such as is still difficult to grow at the technological deficiency after repairing.
The technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows.
The invention discloses a kind of soil conditioner, by weight including following components：
Preferably, the soil conditioner also include mushroom residue, carboxymethyl chitosan, biochemical fulvic acid sodium, diatomite,
Oyster shell whiting and composite bacillus, the soil conditioner include following components by weight：
The wood-fibred is the wood-fibred by sterilization and recycling heat treatment, is a kind of string of reusable edible
Material, the unique a large amount of irregular spaces of the wood-fibred, with superpower hydrophilicity, rate of moisture absorption is fast, is difficult after drying
It is hardened, sprouted rapidly for seed, strong sprout provides preferable growing environment.The wood-fibred can provide organic matter for soil, and
Improve water holding capacity；The wood-fibred passes through high-temperature sterilization, without weed seed and pathogenic bacteria.
The charcoal from timber pyrolytic by being made.The charcoal has highly porous grain structure, institute
The aperture for stating charcoal is 0.1809 μm, and porous particle very easily assembles nutriment and beneficial microbe, can also improve
The liquid manure holding capacity of soil, increases cation exchange capacity (CEC), playground is provided for soil probiotic microorganisms, so that soil becomes
Obtain fertile, beneficial to plant growth.Fig. 2 be charcoal particle micro- enlarged drawing, left, center, right be respectively amplification 120 times, 220 times and
1200 times of microscope figure.
The humus is the major part of the soil organism, and the humus is the unbodied organic colloid of black,
Containing the element required for growth and development of plants, soil can be improved, increase fertility.The humus can be in certain bar in soil
Slowly decomposed under part, discharge the nutrient based on nitrogen and sulphur to supply plant absorption.
The mushroom residue is produced the size-reduced fermentation of leftover bits and pieces by mushroom class and is made, and it contains protein, amino acid, thalline egg
In vain, a large number of nutrients such as Ca, Zn, Mg, it is fermented to be easy to be absorbed and used by plants.
The polysaccharide is polysaccharide cross-linking agent, can provide water holding capacity, while can also increase the viscosity of substrate matrix and glue
Knotting strength, to prevent from washing away.
The algae essence is using alginic acid as main component, also containing element, plant growth factor (growth necessary to plant
Element, the basic element of cell division, gibberellin etc.), vitamin, humic acid and the plant stress-resistance factor etc..The algae essence can promote seed to sprout
Hair, improves germination percentage, beneficial to plant growth.The algae essence is conducive to educating full stand, educates strong sprout, can promote plant root system development,
Be conducive to plant absorption moisture and nutrient.
The carboxymethyl chitosan be a kind of water-solubility chitosan derivative, by chitosan in the basic conditions with monoxone
It is made.The carboxymethyl chitosan contains the materials, energy such as almost all amino acid, nitrogen, phosphorus, the potassium needed for growing process
Promote plant absorption nutrient, increase plant resistance to environment stress, the effect also with antibacterial ability and improvement soil.The carboxymethyl chitosan
With good stability and degradability, its degradation product is available for crop to absorb as the organic fertilizer of high-quality, can effectively improve
The crumb structure of soil simultaneously has certain soil moisture conservation effect.
The biochemical fulvic acid potassium is pure natural fermentation product, rich in the almost all amino needed for growing process
The materials such as acid, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, carbohydrate and a variety of enzymes, the growth promoting factor with high bioactivity function improves minimum plant member
The absorption and operating of element, and with certain cold-resistant drought resistance function, plant root growth can be promoted and root system activity is improved, favorably
In the absorption of plant pair moisture and nutrient.
The diatomite is a kind of siliceous rock, with special porous configuration and larger specific surface area, absorption property
By force, unit weight is light, can play a part of moisturizing, loose soil property and improved soil in soil, encourages crop growth effect and has
There is improved soil.
The main component of the oyster shell whiting 95% is calcium carbonate, and contains a small amount of amino acid, polysaccharide material and a small amount of
Chitin element, oyster shell whiting also contains certain trace element (copper, magnesium, potassium, molybdenum, phosphorus, manganese, iron, zinc), can provide many for plant growth
Nutrient is planted, and with antibacterial and bacteriostasis.
The Trichoderma, the organic matter such as energy decomposition of cellulose, produces the things such as amino acid, polysaccharide during growth and breeding
Matter, can not only promote growth and development of plants, and can increase the resistance of plant, the effectively native transmissibility fungal disease of preventing and treating, extensive
For biological control, bio-feritlizer and soil conditioner.
The nitrogen-fixing bacteria, can voluntarily breed the nomadic nitrogen in fixed air in soil.Nitrogen-fixing bacteria carbon source is extensive, including Portugal
Grape sugar, fructose, sucrose, acetic acid, nitrate, ammonia, amino acid, fumaric acid, gluconic acid and ethanol.Nitrogen-fixing bacteria are used as beneficial fixed nitrogen
Bacterium, the nitrogen in air is fixed in soil in energy and various plants rhizosphere, for plant nitrogen nutrition, and can secreting hormone stimulation plant
Thing grows.
The composite bacillus includes bacillus subtilis, bacillus licheniformis, bacillus laterosporus and biology enzyme, dimension
The adjuvants such as element, trace element are given birth to, can produce organic acid, amino acid, polysaccharide and hormone etc. during growth and breeding is conducive to
Plant absorption and the material utilized.The several physiological active substances such as gibberellin, heteroauxin can be produced after being bred in soil, are made
Plant growth is healthy and strong, and enhancing crop cold resistance drought resisting is disease-resistant and anti-adversity ability, in crop root formation profitable strain, effectively suppresses soil
Pass disease.
The Trichoderma, nitrogen-fixing bacteria, composite bacillus, in organic matters such as growth and breeding procedure decomposition celluloses, are produced
The materials such as amino acid, polysaccharide are beneficial to plant absorption and utilization, moreover it is possible in crop root formation profitable strain, effectively suppress soil-borne disease
Evil occurs, and strengthens plant resistant germ ability.
The chemical property of the further improved soil of remaining component energy such as the mushroom residue, humus, oyster shell whiting, increases soil
Vigor, promotes plant planting.
The invention also discloses the preparation method of the soil conditioner, comprise the following steps：
1) by the polysaccharide, the carboxymethyl chitosan, the algae essence, the biochemical fulvic acid potassium, the diatom
Native and described oyster shell whiting mixing, dissolving obtains mixture；
2) by step 1) mixture add the Trichoderma, the nitrogen-fixing bacteria and composite bacillus mixing, obtain
To mixture；
3) by step 2) mixture add the wood-fibred, the charcoal, the humus and the mushroom residue, obtain
To mixture；
4) by step 3) mixture pH be adjusted to 6.0~6.3, after low temperature drying be made the soil conditioner.
The preparation method of each component is as follows：
The wood-fibred is crushed to 1-3cm by bark and lumber fibre are cleaved, in the pressure and temperature higher than 345 kPas
Under conditions of 380 degrees Fahrenheits (193 degree), the heat time more than 5 minutes after by hot recycling refine and be made.
The charcoal is in low-oxygen environment and temperature model by biomass such as timber, grass, stalk and other Wastes of Crops
Enclose at a high temperature of 500~700 DEG C, controlledly to carry out pyrolytic to biomass and make.
The humus is to crush crops rice straw, adds poultry manure, and adding water makes stalk drench completely, is added a small amount of
Urea, is thoroughly mixed, and the sealing of plastic covering film is stacked, and per film turning is taken off within 6-8 days, is spread out after 3-4 times is taken off film turning, the sun
It is lower to shine 3-5 days, produce native Reel humus.
The mushroom residue be by the solid waste of edible mushroom after crushed, after being fermented using task equipment be made.
The polysaccharide is that plant cell is carried out into enzymolysis break process, uses alcohols material soak degreasing.Sample after degreasing
Product, are extracted using water extraction and alcohol precipitation method, are made after extract solution concentration through dialysing, precipitating, dry.
The carboxymethyl chitosan is obtained with chloroacetate reaction in the basic conditions by chitosan.Chitosan is dissolved in dilute
In acetic acid, with excessive acetone precipitation, chitosan acetate is obtained, a certain amount of NaOH solution and isopropanol, side stirring is added
Chloroacetic aqueous isopropanol is added dropwise in side, and controlling reaction temperature is 70 DEG C, reacts a few hours, is cooled to room temperature, pH is adjusted with diluted acid
Value is washed with 85% methanol, dried, produce carboxymethyl chitosan to neutrality.
The algae essence is by sea-tangle and marine alga freshwater soaking and is crushed to the following particle of 1cm sizes, and biofermentation is allowed to
Degraded, plus alkaline matter are degraded and digested, and drying, milling are formed after filtering, concentration.
The biochemical fulvic acid potassium, through biofermentation, fulvic acid is extracted using biochemical technology system using plant slag body as raw material
Material, potassium fulvate is made with potassium oxide, is concentrated by high temperature, is atomized by spraying tower, dries, is sprayed into powder.
The diatomite is made with diatomite modified, and diatomite is soaked in acid solution, and heating is boiled, and cooling, suction filtration are washed
It is neutrality to wash to water outlet, is dried after roasting, cooling, grinding in Muffle furnace 600 DEG C, after the sieving of 100 mesh, with FeCl3Solution
Mixing, adjust pH, 80 DEG C be incubated 2 hours, filtering and washing to water outlet for neutrality, dry after in Muffle furnace 600 DEG C roasting, it is cold
But, grind, the sieving of 100 mesh.
The oyster shell whiting is to clean up shell, drying, with pH 1~2 H2SO4Pickling 12 hours, in Muffle furnace
At 1000 DEG C calcine 1 hour, ground 120 mesh sieve and make.
The Trichoderma is produced by Hubei Qiming Bio Engineering Co., Ltd., and nitrogen-fixing bacteria are by Su Kehan (Weifang) bioengineering
Co., Ltd is produced, and composite bacillus is produced by Baoding Rui Gu bio tech ltd.
The above-mentioned wood-fibred being processed into, charcoal, algae essence, polysaccharide, carboxymethyl chitosan, biochemical fulvic acid potassium,
Diatomite, oyster shell whiting and humus, mushroom residue, polysaccharide, essence of loosening the soil etc. carry out plant sterilization, remove the grass-seed adulterated in material
And pathogen.
The invention also discloses soil conditioner made from the soil conditioner or the preparation method in improved soil
Application in fertility and ecological recovery.
Further, the invention discloses the application method of the soil conditioner, comprise the following steps：
A) collection soil sample is detected, is planned and is measured soil erosion of sowing grass seeds by duster, determines the usage amount of soil conditioner；
B) cleaning and hydroseeding equipment of prewetting, are loaded into the soil conditioner；Add water mixing, and mixing of sowing grass seeds by duster is made after mixing
Thing；
C) the obtained mixtures of sowing grass seeds by duster of step b) are added after vegetable seeds is mixed and step a) soil of sowing grass seeds by duster is sprayed
Broadcast.
Preferably, the application method of the soil conditioner, further comprising the steps of：
1st, Collecting operation face top layer 5cm soil samples and Soil K+adsorption is carried out, plans and measure working area.It is organic according to soil
Matter content detection result determines soil conditioner usage amount.
2nd, soil conditioner is thoroughly mixed with water, obtains mixture of sowing grass seeds by duster, opened mixing pump and carry out mechanical agitation 30s.
3rd, by step 2) in sow grass seeds by duster mixture add vegetable seeds after mix.
4th, step 3) obtain containing seed-bearing mixture of sowing grass seeds by duster sow grass seeds by duster operation, it is ensured that sow grass seeds by duster uniform.
The soil conditioner is rich in organic matter and a variety of soil activation materials, and the soil conditioner can provide for soil
Quick-acting and long-acting fertility is especially notable in barren region.The soil conditioner fundamentally improves the content of soil ratio
Example, and then improve soil texture, improve soil itself water holding fertilizer-preserving ability.
The soil conditioner can improve the physicochemical property of soil, and activation in-depth topsoil helps plant planting and held
It is continuous, increase microbial activity, finally set up the recyclable small ecosystem of nutrient and water.
Compared to prior art, the consumption of soil conditioner disclosed by the invention is few, can greatly save cost of transportation.For
4000 square meter side slopes provide about 10cm tables soil, if 4000 square meter side slopes are coated with 10cm table soil needs to transport 36 trucies.But
It is to reach that same effect only needs to 2240kg soil conditioners, soil conditioner disclosed by the invention sow grass seeds by duster handling and only needed
Want the consumption of two about 23 tons of water of tank waterwheel.It is below the content of organic matter and the relation of the soil conditioner consumption：
| The native soil content of organic matter (%) | Pound/acre | Kg/ha |
| <0.75 | 5000 | 5600 |
| >=0.75~<1.5 | 4500 | 5040 |
| >=1.5~<2.0 | 4000 | 4480 |
| >=2.0~<3 | 3500 | 3920 |
By test, compared to prior art, growth of the soil conditioner disclosed by the invention to plant has more preferable
Facilitation.Meanwhile, soil conditioner disclosed by the invention can improve the physicochemical property of original soil, promote plant Cheng Ping,
Improve soil vegetation coverage.
In summary, soil conditioner disclosed by the invention be rich in organic matter and soil activation material, have after
Good scour resistance, promotes the performance of plant Cheng Ping and raising soil vegetation coverage strong, and prepares and application process letter
It is single, beneficial to popularization and application.
Brief description of the drawings
In order to illustrate more clearly about the embodiment of the present invention or technical scheme of the prior art, below will be to embodiment or existing
There is the accompanying drawing used required in technology description to be briefly described, it should be apparent that, drawings in the following description are only this
Some embodiments of invention, for those of ordinary skill in the art, on the premise of not paying creative work, can be with
Other accompanying drawings are obtained according to these accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is soil profile figure；
Fig. 2 is the micro- enlarged drawing of charcoal particle；
Fig. 3 is the root system of plant comparison diagram after being constructed 60 days in hothouse plants growth test.
Embodiment
The invention discloses a kind of soil conditioner and its preparation method and application, soil conditioner energy disclosed by the invention
Improve soil vitality, scour resistance.Those skilled in the art can use for reference present disclosure, be suitably modified technological parameter realization.It is special
Not it is pointed out that all similar replacements and change it is apparent to those skilled in the art, they all by
It is considered as and is included in the present invention.The method of the present invention and application are described by preferred embodiment, and related personnel is obvious
Can not departing from present invention, method described herein and application are modified in spirit and scope or suitably change and group
Close, to realize and apply the technology of the present invention.
With reference to embodiment, the present invention is expanded on further.
The raw material or component used in the embodiment of the present invention is commercially available or self-control source.
Embodiment 1 prepares soil conditioner
Preparation method：
Plant sterilization is carried out to component, the grass-seed and pathogen adulterated in component is removed.
1) by the polysaccharide, the carboxymethyl chitosan, the algae essence, the biochemical fulvic acid potassium, the diatom
Native and described oyster shell whiting mixing, dissolving obtains mixture；
2) by step 1) mixture add the Trichoderma, the nitrogen-fixing bacteria and composite bacillus mixing, obtain
To mixture；
3) by step 2) mixture add the wood-fibred, the charcoal, the humus and the mushroom residue, obtain
To mixture；
4) by step 3) mixture pH be adjusted to 6.0, contained humidity is evaporated in low temperature drying, packaging be made the soil
Modifying agent.
Embodiment 2 prepares soil conditioner
Preparation method：
Plant sterilization is carried out to component, the grass-seed and pathogen adulterated in component is removed.
1) by the polysaccharide, the carboxymethyl chitosan, the algae essence, the biochemical fulvic acid potassium, the diatom
Native and described oyster shell whiting mixing, dissolving obtains mixture；
2) by step 1) mixture add the Trichoderma, the nitrogen-fixing bacteria and composite bacillus mixing, obtain
To mixture；
3) by step 2) mixture add the wood-fibred, the charcoal, the humus and the mushroom residue, obtain
To mixture；
4) by step 3) mixture pH be adjusted to 6.3, contained humidity is evaporated in low temperature drying, packaging be made the soil
Modifying agent.
Embodiment 3 prepares soil conditioner
Preparation method：
Plant sterilization is carried out to component, the grass-seed and pathogen adulterated in component is removed.
1) by the polysaccharide, the carboxymethyl chitosan, the algae essence, the biochemical fulvic acid potassium, the diatom
Native and described oyster shell whiting mixing, dissolving obtains mixture；
2) by step 1) mixture add the Trichoderma, the nitrogen-fixing bacteria and composite bacillus mixing, obtain
To mixture；
3) by step 2) mixture add the wood-fibred, the charcoal, the humus and the mushroom residue, obtain
To mixture；
4) by step 3) mixture pH be adjusted to 6.2, contained humidity is evaporated in low temperature drying, packaging be made the soil
Modifying agent.
The hothouse plants growth test of embodiment 4
Test group 1：Soil conditioner prepared by embodiment 1；
Test group 2：Soil conditioner prepared by embodiment 2；
Test group 3：Soil conditioner prepared by embodiment 3；
Control group 1：Organic fertilizer 1 is peat soil；
Control group 2：Organic fertilizer 2 is cattle and sheep excrement；
Control group 3：Organic fertilizer 3 is biological organic fertilizer.
Process of the test
1. the other planning experiments area of each group is 40m2, the peat soil 20kg of control group 1, control group 2 cattle and sheep excrement 14kg are right
According to 3 biological organic fertilizer 10kg of group, the soil conditioner 18kg of test group 1, the soil conditioner 17kg of test group 2, the soil of test group 3 changes
Good dose of 20kg, consistent (the rye grass 13g/m of each group of consumption of grass seed mix2, Festuca Arundinacea 13g/m2)。
2. soil deep tillage 15cm-20cm, and flatten soil surface.
3. peat soil, cattle and sheep excrement, the biological organic fertilizer in control group are manured into soil at the 6cm of top layer respectively, and mixed with soil
Close uniform.
4. grass seeds is spread fertilizer over the fields in the scope of operation in control group, and makes grass seeds to soil 0.5cm with rake rake is whole
5. soil conditioner is thoroughly mixed with water, mixture of sowing grass seeds by duster is obtained.Open the agitator of hydroseeding equipment and follow again
Ring valve, loads grass seed mix.
6. continue to stir to the complete fragmentation of all material, it is ensured that all material is mixed evenly (at least 10min, cold snap
Mixing time can be increased).
7. recycle valve is closed to reduce the bubble in slurries.
8. agitator is decelerated into minimum speed, and suitable nozzle is installed, carries out operation of sowing grass seeds by duster, it is ensured that sow grass seeds by duster uniform.
9. after the completion of operation of sowing grass seeds by duster, water source is back to, as early as possible cleaning tank body, pump and pipe of sowing grass seeds by duster.
10. later stage control group is consistent with test group maintenance process, watered weekly 15mm, and composite fertilizer is applied after 40 days
16g/m2。
11. after sowing 40 days, vegetal cover degree is determined using method of taking pictures.Take at random at 3, camera is set away from ground 40cm, ISO
Put 120 rows to take pictures, and use SigamaScan software analysis, calculate vegetal cover degree.
12. after sowing 40 days, test group and the control group topsoil 15cm soil bodys are taken respectively, the dark green plant in top and spray are removed
Covering is broadcast, every group takes 3 parts at random, detect its underground content of organics.Content of organics detection method is as follows：
Every part of sample number into spectrum is moved into the crucible accordingly numbered, 100 DEG C of dryings 24 hours are weighed and recorded (Wi).So
Sample 440 DEG C of Muffle furnace of immigration is continued 8 hours afterwards, weighs and records (Wii).Remove in crucible and material and weigh crucible respectively
(W0).Content of organics is evaluated by the average value of the percentage of organic matter in each sample.
Organic matter %=(Wi-Wii)/(Wi-Wo)
* after Wi=100 DEG C sample weight；The weight of sample after Wii=440 DEG C；The weight of W0=crucibles.
13. after sowing 40 days, every group takes at 3 at random, underground biomass is detected using shoveling block method.Specific method is as follows：
The cylindrical soil block of diameter 10cm, high 20cm is taken, the soil containing root system is all collected to hermetic bag, Buddhist nun is put into
Rinsed in imperial mesh bag with water.The root system developed is dried, weighs to obtain the underground biomass of certain soil body.
14. using diameter 5cm soil samplers, the 30cm soil bodys are taken in plant main root growth position, ruler determines most long root length,
Every group takes at 3 at random, root system average length at calculating.
Result of the test is as follows：
The hothouse plants growth test of table 1
As can be seen from Table 1：
1. vegetal cover degree：Plant cover degree is contrasted after sowing 28 days, and test group vegetal cover degree is significantly higher than all controls
Group (P<0.05).Each group vegetal cover degree is contrasted：Soil conditioner prepared by embodiment 2>Soil conditioner prepared by embodiment 1
>Soil conditioner prepared by embodiment 3>Biological organic fertilizer>Peat soil>Cattle and sheep excrement.
2. underground biomass：Rescarch of underground biomass is contrasted after sowing 40 days, and test group phytomass is higher than all right
According to group (P<0.05).Underground biomass is contrasted：Soil conditioner prepared by embodiment 2>Soil conditioner prepared by embodiment 1>
Soil conditioner prepared by embodiment 3>Biological organic fertilizer>Peat soil>Cattle and sheep excrement.
3. root length：The most long root system contrast of plant after sowing 40 days, the most long root system average length of test group is higher than 3 groups pairs
According to group (P<0.05).Most long root system average length contrast：Soil conditioner prepared by embodiment 2>Soil prepared by embodiment 1 changes
Good dose>Soil conditioner prepared by embodiment 3>Biological organic fertilizer>Peat soil>Cattle and sheep excrement.
4. the underground content of organic matter：The underground content of organic matter highest of test group, significantly high up to 4.17% after sowing 40 days
In all control group (P<0.05).Underground content of organic matter contrast：Soil conditioner prepared by embodiment 2>Prepared by embodiment 1
Soil conditioner>Soil conditioner prepared by embodiment 3>Biological organic fertilizer>Cattle and sheep excrement>Peat soil.
Conclusion：The soil of soil conditioner, soil conditioner prepared by embodiment 1 and the preparation of embodiment 3 prepared by embodiment 2
Either vegetal cover degree, rescarch of underground biomass or root length are superior to 3 groups of control groups to earth modifying agent test effect, card
Soil conditioner prepared by real embodiment 1,2,3 is developed beneficial to plant root growth.And the test group content of organic matter is far above 3 groups
Control group, it was demonstrated that soil conditioner prepared by embodiment 1,2,3 can effectively improve the original soil property of soil, increases soil with organic matter
Content, the best results of lasting effect, the wherein soil conditioner of embodiment 2 are provided for plant growth.
After Seeded growth 60 days, it is applied with the ground of the plant of test group soil conditioner, the growing way of under ground portion and compares
More vigorous growing way is all showed in control group.As shown in figure 3, left figure is test group root system development in Fig. 3, right figure is in Fig. 3
The root system of plant growing way of control group 3.
Embodiment 5
Application Example 1 carries out revegetation to Tibet Autonomous Region, La Lin highways, and specific steps and result are as follows：
Situation before construction：Operation area natural vegetation coverage rate is relatively low, and soil is fatted up barren based on grit.Top layer is broken
Stone is more, and soil soil erosion is more serious, and many places are as deep as 30cm gullies.
Construction method and process：
1. collection soil carries out Soil K+adsorption before construction, it is found that its content of organic matter about 1%, pH is 5, soil is in weak acid
Property, husky content about 50%, soil nutrient is barren.
2. according to the original soil organic matter content of Soil K+adsorption result about 1%, determine soil conditioner prepared by embodiment 1
Consumption is 500g/m2, grass seed mix 27g/m2。
Filled and led up 3. being fetched earth at gully, the scope of operation carries out soil pH regulation with lime, and pH is adjusted into 6.8.
4. the scope of operation is sprinkled water to soil surface 5cm moistenings.
5. soil conditioner presses 500g/m2Consumption is well mixed in grass seed mix, is sowed grass seeds by duster.
6. late maintaining, irrigation amount 20mm weekly.
Formed after constructing 5 weeks " 0 layer of engineering construction ", the existing lawn plants covering of the scope of operation overwhelming majority, domatic region
Situations such as without slope, soil erosion is rushed.
The situation of construction after two months：Scope of operation lawn has been completely covered, and density is higher, and vegetation growing way is healthy and strong, greatly
Improve original region looks.The administration of soil conditioner, allows script to be not suitable for the soil of plant growth, and vegetation coverage is up to
90%, and disease-free generation.
The soil conditioner prepared using embodiment 2 and 3 repeats the work progress, situation and the implementation constructed after two months
The condition of construction of example 1 is quite similar, and scope of operation lawn has been completely covered, and density is higher, and vegetation growing way is healthy and strong, greatly improves
Original region looks, vegetation coverage is up to 92% and 88%, and disease-free generation, the condition of construction phase with embodiment 1 respectively
Together.
Described above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that for the ordinary skill people of the art
For member, under the premise without departing from the principles of the invention, some improvements and modifications can also be made, these improvements and modifications also should
It is considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of soil conditioner, it is characterised in that by weight including following components：
2. soil conditioner according to claim 1, it is characterised in that also including mushroom residue, carboxymethyl chitosan, biochemistry
SODLUM FULVATE, diatomite, oyster shell whiting and composite bacillus, the soil conditioner include following components by weight：
3. the preparation method of the soil conditioner described in claim 2, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
1) by the polysaccharide, the carboxymethyl chitosan, the algae essence, the biochemical fulvic acid potassium, the diatomite and
The oyster shell whiting mixing, dissolving obtains mixture；
2) by step 1) mixture add the Trichoderma, the nitrogen-fixing bacteria and composite bacillus mixing, mixed
Compound；
3) by step 2) mixture add the wood-fibred, the charcoal, the humus and the mushroom residue, mixed
Compound；
4) by step 3) mixture pH be adjusted to 6.0~6.3, low temperature drying obtains the soil conditioner.
4. soil conditioner made from the preparation method described in soil conditioner or claim 3 described in claim 1 or 2 exists
Increase soil fertility and the application in Revegetation of Eco-environment.
5. a kind of application method of soil conditioner, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
A) collection soil sample is detected, is planned and is measured soil erosion of sowing grass seeds by duster, determines the usage amount of soil conditioner；
B) cleaning and hydroseeding equipment of prewetting, are loaded into the soil conditioner；Add water mixing, and mixture of sowing grass seeds by duster is made after mixing；
C) the obtained mixture products of sowing grass seeds by duster of step b) are sowed grass seeds by duster to step a) soil of sowing grass seeds by duster.
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