CN108329925A - A kind of soil conditioner and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of soil conditioner and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN108329925A CN108329925A CN201810289712.8A CN201810289712A CN108329925A CN 108329925 A CN108329925 A CN 108329925A CN 201810289712 A CN201810289712 A CN 201810289712A CN 108329925 A CN108329925 A CN 108329925A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K17/00—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials
- C09K17/40—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials containing mixtures of inorganic and organic compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2101/00—Agricultural use
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of soil conditioners and preparation method thereof, are obtained by so that medicament is carried on inorganic porous property substance, wherein:The medicament includes oyster shell whiting, bamboo charcoal powder, chitosan powder and lignin;The BET specific surface area of the inorganic porous property substance is 600 950m2/ g and fine pore are 10 30nm;The load capacity of the medicament is per 100m2The BET specific surface area of inorganic porous property substance be 0.03 0.15ml;The percentage that the gross mass of the medicament accounts for the soil conditioner gross mass is 0.3wt% 2.5wt%.The soil conditioner of the present invention can effectively improve soil physical and chemical property, the soil organism and microbial population state, reduce the pH value of soil, reduce the content of soluble-salt in soil, and reduce the basicity of soil, to promote crop growth and improve output.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of land improvement, and in particular to a kind of soil conditioner and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
The soil salinization is to influence the serious problem of Global Agriculture production and ecological environment, and restrict China's agriculture at present
One of the two big edphic factors of industry volume increase.
The physics and chemical property in salt-soda soil are all poor, and under normal circumstances, porosity is small, and soil is easy to hardened, breathe freely saturating
Aqueous variation;C, the mineralization degree of N is low, and the activity of enzyme is suppressed in soil, influences activity and the organic matter of edaphon
Conversion, soil nutrient utilization rate decline, the content of organic matter decline, cause soil fertility to decline.Excessive salt separation in soil
Son has inhibiting effect to the reproductive growth of plant and nutrient growth, some ions can also directly poison plant, cause
The form and structure of plant change.
For this purpose, in Chinese patent application document " saline-alkali soil conditioner and preparation method thereof(Application number:
CN200910176749.0)" a kind of saline-alkali soil conditioner and preparation method thereof is disclosed, the saline-alkali soil conditioner is by following
Made of the raw material of weight proportion:Glacial acetic acid 20-30, citric acid 0.5-3, oxalic acid 0.5-3, tap water 69-74. the modifying agent energy
It enough realizes the improvement of soil physico-chemical property, inhibit salt to rise, sweetening of the soil alkalinity, to achieve the purpose that improve soil.By
It is to be in a liquid state in the soil conditioner, imposes in soil, is easy infiltration downwards, leads to the utilization rate of the soil conditioner, meanwhile,
The soil conditioner of liquid is readily volatilized, causes the forfeiture of active ingredient, to influence the effect of soil improvement.
And in a kind of Chinese patent application document " preparation method of saline-alkali soil conditioner(Application number:
CN200610010593.5)" a kind of preparation method of saline-alkali land soil conditioner is disclosed, after poly internal olefins acid water dissolution,
Inorganic acid, wood vinegar and plant hormone are sequentially added under stiring, are uniformly mixed, the mass percent of each substance is:Polypropylene
Sour 5-25, inorganic acid 10-50, wood vinegar 1-5, plant hormone 0.01-2.0, surplus are water.The saline-alkali soil conditioner is in solid
State, solve liquid soil conditioner it is easy under ooze, volatile disadvantage, can effectively improve soil particle state, improve soil
Earth water retention property, but effect is not very ideal, all less extensively, various plant seedling stages and production period cannot be real for application range
With rolling up saline and alkaline cannot administering of coming for meeting water more.
In this regard, in a kind of Chinese patent application document " biological salt-decomposition bacterial manure and preparation method thereof(Application number:
CN200810016501.3)" a kind of biological salt-decomposition bacterial manure and preparation method thereof is disclosed, it is grouped as by the group of following parts by weight:
0.0013-0.0045 parts of gibberellin, 0.00002-0.0002 parts of the basic element of cell division, 15-35 parts of bacillus megaterium, solution salt flora
50-80 parts, 5-15 parts of amino acid, 2-10 parts of humic acid;The solution salt flora is grouped as by the group of following parts by weight:Corruption is planted
95-110 parts sour, 8-12 parts of composite bacteria liquid;The composite bacteria liquid is grouped as by the group of following parts by weight:Compound EM bacterium 34-
38 parts, solve 62-66 parts of salt fermented liquid.The biological salt-decomposition bacterial manure can solve the problems such as the primary, secondary salinization of soil, moreover it is possible to
Improve soil environment, increase soil fertility, have wide range of applications, various plant seedling stages and production period can be practical, for meeting water
It is roll up come saline and alkaline and can also administer more.But it is added to gibberellin, the basic element of cell division in the solution salt fertilizer and is although conducive to strain and exist
Production in soil and vigor, still, the steroids fertilizer are also easy to accumulate in the soil, cause Pedotransfer function.
Therefore, for the technical problems in the prior art, it is necessary to which a kind of soil conditioner and its preparation side are provided
Method reduces the pH value of soil to reach improvement salt-soda soil, reduces the content of soluble-salt in soil, and reduce the alkalization of soil
Degree, improves the producing level in soil.
Invention content
In view of the above-mentioned analysis to the prior art, a kind of soil conditioner of present invention offer and preparation method thereof can be effective
Soil physical chemistry shape, the soil organism and microbial population state are improved, the pH value of soil is reduced, reduces soluble-salt in soil
Content, and reduce soil basicity, to promote crop growth and improve output.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of soil conditioner is obtained by so that medicament is carried on inorganic porous property substance, wherein:
The medicament includes oyster shell whiting, bamboo charcoal powder, chitosan powder and lignin;
The BET specific surface area of the inorganic porous property substance is 600-950m2/ g and fine pore are 10-30nm;
The load capacity of the medicament is per 100m2The BET specific surface area of inorganic porous property substance be 0.03-0.15ml;
The percentage that the gross mass of the medicament accounts for the soil conditioner gross mass is 0.3wt%-2.5wt%.
Preferably, weight percent shared by the medicament each component is:Chitosan powder 20%-30%, bamboo charcoal powder 15%-
25%, lignin 10-20%, remaining is oyster shell whiting.
Preferably, the inorganic porous property substance is in silicate compound, silica gel, zeolite and phosphate compounds
At least one.
Preferably, the inorganic porous property substance is modified processing, specific modifying processing step is as follows:
(1)Metatitanic acid fourth fat is weighed by formula ratio, is dissolved in absolute ethyl alcohol, stirs 30 minutes, obtains metatitanic acid fourth fat -ol solution;
(2)Inorganic porous property substance is weighed by formula ratio, pours into step(1)In gained metatitanic acid fourth fat -ol solution, in blender
Stirring 1 hour;
(3)Under conditions of uniform stirring at a slow speed, distilled water is slowly added into solution, until forming gel;
(4)Gel is dried at 100 DEG C, uses distilled water flushing after grinding uniformly again 2 times;
(5)Modified inorganic porous material after flushing is put into baking oven at 100 DEG C to dry, places into Muffle furnace at 300 DEG C
Lower roasting 2 hours;
(6)It is spare after gained modified inorganic porous material is cooled down.
The preparation method of above-mentioned soil conditioner, includes the following steps:
(1)The modification of inorganic porous property substance;
(2)By step(1)Middle modified inorganic porous material, which is put into acetone, to be stirred, and is subsequently placed in centrifuge and is realized
Inorganic porous property substance and acetone separation are dried after finally handling inorganic porous property substance with clear water;
(3)Carboxyethyl cellulose is configured to 6% solution, then puts into the inorganic porous property substance after above-mentioned drying process
It is wherein stirred, then carries out centrifugal treating and realize that inorganic porous property substance is detached with carboxyethyl cellulose solution, it is most laggard
Row is dried;
(4)Medicament is crushed, sieving, and is added in dispersion machine and is uniformly mixed;
(5)Add inorganic porous property substance to be placed in mixing machine the medicament after dispersion to be uniformly mixed, obtain mixture, then should
Mixture heat drying obtains the soil conditioner.
Preferably, step(2)The condition of middle centrifugal treating:Rotating speed 4000-5000r/min, centrifugal treating time 12-
14min。
Preferably, step(4)In sieving be sieve with 100 mesh sieve.
Preferably, step(4)The speed control of middle dispersion machine disperses 14-18min in 600-700r/min.
Preferably, step(5)In heat drying condition:The dry 60-70min at 80-90 DEG C.
Compared with prior art, the present invention the present invention has following advantageous effect:
(1)The soil conditioner of the present invention imposes in soil, adheres in this way by the way that medicament to be carried in inorganic porous property substance
Medicament in inorganic porous will slow release come out, achieve the purpose that improve soil, meanwhile, inorganic porous property substance passes through
Modification has stronger adsorption capacity and ion-exchange capacity, can adsorb the salt in salt-soda soil in this way, reduces soil
Saline and alkaline degree, while the harmful substances such as heavy metal in soil can be adsorbed, achieve the purpose that purification soil, simultaneously because more
Hole substance can improve the permeability of soil, improve the physics and chemistry shape of soil, increase the effect of soil fertility.
(2)Include the substance of a variety of improvement soil in the medicament of the present invention, oyster shell whiting therein has improvement acidification
The function of soil property, and can the discarded aquatic products Litter of regeneration, to improve nature utilization rate;Bamboo charcoal powder can be
Plant growth provides required minerals, while increasing the aeration, water penetration, water-retaining property of soil;And chitosan has improvement
The effect of soil can promote microbial reproduction, improve the physicochemical property of soil, enhance gas permeability and retain water and nutrients ability, be
Root system provides good edaphon environment;And the active group that lignin has reticular structure and is distributed in reticular structure
Group has absorption, chelating, complexing to fertilizer ion, can reduce in this way fertilizer element with ooze under water, runoff and volatilization
Environmental pollution caused by environment is lost and be lost to, the utilization rate of fertilizer is improved.
(3)Before medicament is combined with inorganic porous property substance, acetone is first passed through to inorganic porous property material surface and surface
Pore cleaning, the impurity in Silica Surface and surface pores is cleaned up, then again by being used as the carboxyethylcellulose of binder
It is plain to be mixed with inorganic porous property substance so as to adhere to carboxyethyl in the pore on inorganic porous property material surface and surface
Cellulose to increase medicament and inorganic porous property substance bonding force, and then increases the stability of pharmaceutical preparation, then carries out again
Centrifugal treating so that Silica Surface and the upper carboxyethyl cellulose of surface pores attachment, which adds medicament with it is inorganic porous
Property substance binding force, falls off which prevent medicament, influences the effect of soil improvement, to increase the stabilization of soil conditioner
Property.
Specific implementation mode
Form by the following examples is described in further detail the above of the present invention again, but should not be by this
The range for being interpreted as the above-mentioned theme of the present invention is only limitted to following embodiment, all based on the technology realized belonging to the above of the present invention
It all belongs to the scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1
A kind of soil conditioner is obtained by so that medicament is carried on inorganic porous property substance, wherein:
The medicament includes oyster shell whiting, bamboo charcoal powder, chitosan powder and lignin;
The BET specific surface area of the inorganic porous property substance is 600m2/ g and fine pore are 30nm;
The load capacity of the medicament is per 100m2The BET specific surface area of inorganic porous property substance be 0.09ml;
The percentage that the gross mass of the medicament accounts for the soil conditioner gross mass is 1.5wt%.
Wherein, weight percent shared by the medicament each component is:Chitosan powder 20%, bamboo charcoal powder 25%, lignin 10%,
Oyster shell whiting 45%.
Wherein, the inorganic porous property substance is selected from silica gel.
Wherein, the inorganic porous property substance is modified processing, and specific modifying processing step is as follows:
(1)Metatitanic acid fourth fat is weighed by formula ratio, is dissolved in absolute ethyl alcohol, stirs 30 minutes, obtains metatitanic acid fourth fat -ol solution;
(2)Inorganic porous property substance is weighed by formula ratio, pours into step(1)In gained metatitanic acid fourth fat -ol solution, in blender
Stirring 1 hour;
(3)Under conditions of uniform stirring at a slow speed, distilled water is slowly added into solution, until forming gel;
(4)Gel is dried at 100 DEG C, uses distilled water flushing after grinding uniformly again 2 times;
(5)Modified inorganic porous material after flushing is put into baking oven at 100 DEG C to dry, places into Muffle furnace at 300 DEG C
Lower roasting 2 hours;
(6)It is spare after gained modified inorganic porous material is cooled down.
The preparation method of above-mentioned soil conditioner, includes the following steps:
(1)The modification of inorganic porous property substance;
(2)By step(1)In modified inorganic porous material put into acetone and be stirred, be subsequently placed in centrifuge real
Existing inorganic porous property substance and acetone separation, are dried after finally handling inorganic porous property substance with clear water;
(3)Carboxyethyl cellulose is configured to 6% solution, then puts into the inorganic porous property substance after above-mentioned drying process
It is wherein stirred, then carries out centrifugal treating and realize that inorganic porous property substance is detached with carboxyethyl cellulose solution, it is most laggard
Row is dried;
(4)Medicament is crushed, sieving, and is added in dispersion machine and is uniformly mixed;
(5)Add inorganic porous property substance to be placed in mixing machine the medicament after dispersion to be uniformly mixed, obtain mixture, then should
Mixture heat drying obtains the soil conditioner.
Wherein, step(2)The condition of middle centrifugal treating:Rotating speed 4000r/min, centrifugal treating time 12min.
Wherein, step(4)In sieving be sieve with 100 mesh sieve.
Wherein, step(4)The speed control of middle dispersion machine disperses 14min in 600r/min.
Wherein, step(5)In heat drying condition:The dry 60min at 80 DEG C.
Embodiment 2
A kind of soil conditioner is obtained by so that medicament is carried on inorganic porous property substance, wherein:
The medicament includes oyster shell whiting, bamboo charcoal powder, chitosan powder and lignin;
The BET specific surface area of the inorganic porous property substance is 950m2/ g and fine pore are 30nm;
The load capacity of the medicament is per 100m2The BET specific surface area of inorganic porous property substance be 0.15ml;
The percentage that the gross mass of the medicament accounts for the soil conditioner gross mass is 2.5wt%.
Preferably, weight percent shared by the medicament each component is:Chitosan powder 20%, bamboo charcoal powder 15%, lignin
10, oyster shell whiting 55%.
Wherein, the inorganic porous property substance is selected from silicone zeolite.
Wherein, the inorganic porous property substance is modified processing, and specific modifying processing step is as follows:
(1)Metatitanic acid fourth fat is weighed by formula ratio, is dissolved in absolute ethyl alcohol, stirs 30 minutes, obtains metatitanic acid fourth fat -ol solution;
(2)Inorganic porous property substance is weighed by formula ratio, pours into step(1)In gained metatitanic acid fourth fat -ol solution, in blender
Stirring 1 hour;
(3)Under conditions of uniform stirring at a slow speed, distilled water is slowly added into solution, until forming gel;
(4)Gel is dried at 100 DEG C, uses distilled water flushing after grinding uniformly again 2 times;
(5)Modified inorganic porous material after flushing is put into baking oven at 100 DEG C to dry, places into Muffle furnace at 300 DEG C
Lower roasting 2 hours;
(6)It is spare after gained modified inorganic porous material is cooled down.
The preparation method of above-mentioned soil conditioner, includes the following steps:
(1)The modification of inorganic porous property substance;
(2)By step(1)In modified inorganic porous material put into acetone and be stirred, be subsequently placed in centrifuge real
Existing inorganic porous property substance and acetone separation, are dried after finally handling inorganic porous property substance with clear water;
(3)Carboxyethyl cellulose is configured to 6% solution, then puts into the inorganic porous property substance after above-mentioned drying process
It is wherein stirred, then carries out centrifugal treating and realize that inorganic porous property substance is detached with carboxyethyl cellulose solution, it is most laggard
Row is dried;
(4)Medicament is crushed, sieving, and is added in dispersion machine and is uniformly mixed;
(5)Add inorganic porous property substance to be placed in mixing machine the medicament after dispersion to be uniformly mixed, obtain mixture, then should
Mixture heat drying obtains the soil conditioner.
Wherein, step(2)The condition of middle centrifugal treating:Rotating speed 5000r/min, centrifugal treating time 14min.
Wherein, step(4)In sieving be sieve with 100 mesh sieve.
Wherein, step(4)The speed control of middle dispersion machine disperses 18min in 700r/min.
Wherein, step(5)In heat drying condition:The dry 70min at 90 DEG C.
Embodiment 3
A kind of soil conditioner is obtained by so that medicament is carried on inorganic porous property substance, wherein:
The medicament includes oyster shell whiting, bamboo charcoal powder, chitosan powder and lignin;
The BET specific surface area of the inorganic porous property substance is 800m2/ g and fine pore are 20nm;
The load capacity of the medicament is per 100m2The BET specific surface area of inorganic porous property substance be 0.03ml;
The percentage that the gross mass of the medicament accounts for the soil conditioner gross mass is 1.5wt%.
Wherein, weight percent shared by the medicament each component is:Chitosan powder 25%, bamboo charcoal powder 20%, lignin 15%,
Oyster shell whiting 40%.
Wherein, the inorganic porous property substance is selected from silicate compound, preferably alumina silicate.
Wherein, the inorganic porous property substance is modified processing, and specific modifying processing step is as follows:
(1)Metatitanic acid fourth fat is weighed by formula ratio, is dissolved in absolute ethyl alcohol, stirs 30 minutes, obtains metatitanic acid fourth fat -ol solution;
(2)Inorganic porous property substance is weighed by formula ratio, pours into step(1)In gained metatitanic acid fourth fat -ol solution, in blender
Stirring 1 hour;
(3)Under conditions of uniform stirring at a slow speed, distilled water is slowly added into solution, until forming gel;
(4)Gel is dried at 100 DEG C, uses distilled water flushing after grinding uniformly again 2 times;
(5)Modified inorganic porous material after flushing is put into baking oven at 100 DEG C to dry, places into Muffle furnace at 300 DEG C
Lower roasting 2 hours;
(6)It is spare after gained modified inorganic porous material is cooled down.
The preparation method of above-mentioned soil conditioner, includes the following steps:
(The modification of 1 inorganic porous property substance;
(2)By step(1)In modified inorganic porous material put into acetone and be stirred, be subsequently placed in centrifuge real
Existing inorganic porous property substance and acetone separation, are dried after finally handling inorganic porous property substance with clear water;
(3)Carboxyethyl cellulose is configured to 6% solution, then puts into the inorganic porous property substance after above-mentioned drying process
It is wherein stirred, then carries out centrifugal treating and realize that inorganic porous property substance is detached with carboxyethyl cellulose solution, it is most laggard
Row is dried;
(4)Medicament is crushed, sieving, and is added in dispersion machine and is uniformly mixed;
(5)Add inorganic porous property substance to be placed in mixing machine the medicament after dispersion to be uniformly mixed, obtain mixture, then should
Mixture heat drying obtains the soil conditioner.
Wherein, step(2)The condition of middle centrifugal treating:Rotating speed 4500r/min, centrifugal treating time 13min.
Wherein, step(4)In sieving be sieve with 100 mesh sieve.
Wherein, step(4)The speed control of middle dispersion machine disperses 16min in 650r/min.
Wherein, step(5)In heat drying condition:The dry 75min at 85 DEG C.
Embodiment 4
A kind of soil conditioner is obtained by so that medicament is carried on inorganic porous property substance, wherein:
The medicament includes oyster shell whiting, bamboo charcoal powder, chitosan powder and lignin;
The BET specific surface area of the inorganic porous property substance is 950m2/ g and fine pore are 10nm;
The load capacity of the medicament is per 100m2The BET specific surface area of inorganic porous property substance be 0.15ml;
The percentage that the gross mass of the medicament accounts for the soil conditioner gross mass is 2.5wt%.
Wherein, weight percent shared by the medicament each component is:Chitosan powder 20%, bamboo charcoal powder 25%, lignin 20%,
Oyster shell whiting 35%.
Wherein, the inorganic porous property substance is selected from silica gel and zeolite.
Wherein, the inorganic porous property substance is modified processing, and specific modifying processing step is as follows:
(1)Metatitanic acid fourth fat is weighed by formula ratio, is dissolved in absolute ethyl alcohol, stirs 30 minutes, obtains metatitanic acid fourth fat -ol solution;
(2)Inorganic porous property substance is weighed by formula ratio, pours into step(1)In gained metatitanic acid fourth fat -ol solution, in blender
Stirring 1 hour;
(3)Under conditions of uniform stirring at a slow speed, distilled water is slowly added into solution, until forming gel;
(4)Gel is dried at 100 DEG C, uses distilled water flushing after grinding uniformly again 2 times;
(5)Modified inorganic porous material after flushing is put into baking oven at 100 DEG C to dry, places into Muffle furnace at 300 DEG C
Lower roasting 2 hours;
(6)It is spare after gained modified inorganic porous material is cooled down.
The preparation method of above-mentioned soil conditioner, includes the following steps:
(1)The modification of inorganic porous property substance;
(2)By step(1)In modified inorganic porous material put into acetone and be stirred, be subsequently placed in centrifuge real
Existing inorganic porous property substance and acetone separation, are dried after finally handling inorganic porous property substance with clear water;
(3)Carboxyethyl cellulose is configured to 6% solution, then puts into the inorganic porous property substance after above-mentioned drying process
It is wherein stirred, then carries out centrifugal treating and realize that inorganic porous property substance is detached with carboxyethyl cellulose solution, it is most laggard
Row is dried;
(4)Medicament is crushed, sieving, and is added in dispersion machine and is uniformly mixed;
(5)Add inorganic porous property substance to be placed in mixing machine the medicament after dispersion to be uniformly mixed, obtain mixture, then should
Mixture heat drying obtains the soil conditioner.
Wherein, step(2)The condition of middle centrifugal treating:Rotating speed 4000r/min, centrifugal treating time 12min.
Wherein, step(4)In sieving be sieve with 100 mesh sieve.
Wherein, step(4)The speed control of middle dispersion machine disperses 14min in 700r/min.
Wherein, step(5)In heat drying condition:The dry 60min at 90 DEG C.
Embodiment 5
A kind of soil conditioner is obtained by so that medicament is carried on inorganic porous property substance, wherein:
The medicament includes oyster shell whiting, bamboo charcoal powder, chitosan powder and lignin;
The BET specific surface area of the inorganic porous property substance is 600m2/ g and fine pore are 30nm;
The load capacity of the medicament is per 100m2The BET specific surface area of inorganic porous property substance be 0.05ml;
The percentage that the gross mass of the medicament accounts for the soil conditioner gross mass is 0.8wt%.
Wherein, weight percent shared by the medicament each component is:Chitosan powder 20%, bamboo charcoal powder 15%, lignin 20%,
Oyster shell whiting 45%.
Wherein, the inorganic porous property substance is selected from phosphate compounds.
Wherein, the inorganic porous property substance is modified processing, and specific modifying processing step is as follows:
(1)Metatitanic acid fourth fat is weighed by formula ratio, is dissolved in absolute ethyl alcohol, stirs 30 minutes, obtains metatitanic acid fourth fat -ol solution;
(2)Inorganic porous property substance is weighed by formula ratio, pours into step(1)In gained metatitanic acid fourth fat -ol solution, in blender
Stirring 1 hour;
(3)Under conditions of uniform stirring at a slow speed, distilled water is slowly added into solution, until forming gel;
(4)Gel is dried at 100 DEG C, uses distilled water flushing after grinding uniformly again 2 times;
(5)Modified inorganic porous material after flushing is put into baking oven at 100 DEG C to dry, places into Muffle furnace at 300 DEG C
Lower roasting 2 hours;
(6)It is spare after gained modified inorganic porous material is cooled down.
The preparation method of above-mentioned soil conditioner, includes the following steps:
(1)The modification of inorganic porous property substance;
(2)By step(1)In modified inorganic porous material put into acetone and be stirred, be subsequently placed in centrifuge real
Existing inorganic porous property substance and acetone separation, are dried after finally handling inorganic porous property substance with clear water;
(3)Carboxyethyl cellulose is configured to 6% solution, then puts into the inorganic porous property substance after above-mentioned drying process
It is wherein stirred, then carries out centrifugal treating and realize that inorganic porous property substance is detached with carboxyethyl cellulose solution, it is most laggard
Row is dried;
(4)Medicament is crushed, sieving, and is added in dispersion machine and is uniformly mixed;
(5)Add inorganic porous property substance to be placed in mixing machine the medicament after dispersion to be uniformly mixed, obtain mixture, then should
Mixture heat drying obtains the soil conditioner.
Wherein, step(2)The condition of middle centrifugal treating:Rotating speed 4000r/min, centrifugal treating time 14min.
Wherein, step(4)In sieving be sieve with 100 mesh sieve.
Wherein, step(4)The speed control of middle dispersion machine disperses 18min in 700r/min.
Wherein, step(5)In heat drying condition:The dry 60min at 80 DEG C.
Comparative example 1
Using Chinese patent application document " saline-alkali soil conditioner and preparation method thereof(Application number:CN200910176749.0)”
In method prepare saline-alkali soil conditioner.
Comparative example 2
A kind of Chinese patent application document " preparation method of saline-alkali soil conditioner(Application number:CN200610010593.5)" in
Method prepare saline-alkali soil conditioner.
Comparative example 3
A kind of Chinese patent application document " biological salt-decomposition bacterial manure and preparation method thereof(Application number:CN200810016501.3)In
Method prepare biological salt-decomposition bacterial manure.
Comparative example 4
It is essentially identical with the preparation process of embodiment 1, have only unlike prepare inorganic porous property in the raw material of soil conditioner
Substance changes inorganic substances, such as gypsum, calcium-base bentonite, zinc sulfate etc. into.
Comparative example 5
It is essentially identical with the preparation process of embodiment 1, have only unlike prepare and eliminated in the preparation process of soil conditioner
Step(3):Carboxyethyl cellulose is configured to 6% solution, then puts into the inorganic porous property substance after above-mentioned drying process
It is wherein stirred, then carries out centrifugal treating and realize that inorganic porous property substance is detached with carboxyethyl cellulose solution, it is most laggard
Row is dried.
Test example 1
1, experimental field
Sample plot:The Liuan City, Anhui Province Jinzhai County Nanxi town villages Wu Wan, the wasteland newly opened up wasteland, soil salt content is in 0.4%-0.9%.
Material to be tested:Soil conditioner prepared by comparative example 1-5, soil conditioner of the present invention are (according to embodiment method system
It is standby).
2. experimental design
Experimental field prepare:The soil in the gardens halophytes Yuan Xin is chemically examined in advance.To ensure that it is certain that general long-term cropping has
It grows (salt resistance ability of halophytes is generally in 0.4--0.6%), tests the salt content in plot in 0.4-0.9%.Plot will be tested
It is divided into 66.6m2Cell.
3. test process
The screening test of 3.1 modifying agents
If three blank control, comparative example and soil conditioner of the present invention experimental groups, each experimental group repeat three times.
The application of modifying agent:Modifying agent is manured into soil by (mid-April) before spring is sowed.Soil conditioner of the present invention is
Solid particle can directly be spread fertilizer over the fields.
Setting soil conditioner of the present invention repeats three times per tri- processing of cell dosage 2Kg, 4Kg, 6Kg, each processing.This
It is uniformly spread fertilizer over the fields before the sowing of invention soil conditioner in experimental field, long-term cropping cucumber, size row is planted, big row 80cm, small row
50cm, spacing in the rows 25cm, artificial dibbling, covering with ground sheeting.
3.2 soil salt contents measure
Sampling:Before modifying agent application, with before the latter moon, vigorous period, harvest, after harvest the evaporation salification phase fetch earth for five times
Sample.Per cell, fixed 3 points of " S " types sampling, plugs sign board.
Assay method:Conductance method.
The measurement of 3.3 soil physico-chemical properties
Sampling:Per cell, fixed 3 points of " S " types sampling, plugs sign board, before soil conditioner of the present invention application, uses the latter
Month, soil sampling three times after crop harvest.
PH value assay method:Potentiometry
Soil weight assay method:Core cutter method
Porosity determination method:Calculating method Jie 1-pb/ps
Soil available N content assaying method:Alkaline hydrolysis diffusion method
Soil rapidly available P content assaying method:Sodium bicarbonate method
Soil Available K content assaying methods:Tetraphenylboron sodium extraction method
Soil organism assay method:Hot potassium dichromate oxidation-volumetric method outside high temperature
Soil microbial biomass
Sampling:20 days after soil conditioner application of the present invention;Assay method:Tablet is coated with counting method.
Soil microbial activities
Sampling:5 days after reclamation material for saline-alkali soil application, 10 days, 15 days, 20 days, 25 days totally five sub-samplings;Assay method:With
Closed stationary culture surveys C02 methods.
4. test result
Influence of the 4.1 different modifying agents of application to soil salt content
Under normal circumstances, the variation of upper soll layer salinity can be divided into four-stage in 1 year, and spring evaporates salification phase, summer rainfall
Drench salt phase, evaporation salification phase in autumn, winter relatively stable period.As it can be seen from table 1 using modifying agent the latter lunar regolith saliferous
Amount begins to reduce, it was demonstrated that modifying agent has worked;Most, one side is reduced in crop vigorous period (rainy season) salt content
It is the effect of modifying agent, is on the other hand the leaching salt action of rainfall:Salt content starts to increase before harvest, on the one hand because of rainfall
It reduces, on the other hand with the maturation of crop, covered ground is reduced;Stablize to the evaporation salification phase in certain numerical value.Due to plantation
The salt content of the effect of crop, blank control group also has a certain number of reductions.Compared with blank control group, each different
The soil salt content in period, modifying agent group of the present invention is below comparative example group and blank control group, illustrates soil of the present invention
Modifying agent, which has, preferably changes salt effect.
Soil salt content relative reduction amount=(The modifying agent rear soil salt content of preceding soil salt content -) the preceding soil of ÷
Salt content.Since the plot for selecting salt content completely the same is impossible, the different location salt content even if in areal
There is different.Therefore, can only just there be comparativity with soil salt content relative reduction amount to weigh.As it can be seen from table 1 using
Modifying agent soil salt content relative reduction amount is all higher than blank control group, and comparative example group compared with blank control group has notable
Difference, soil conditioner group of the present invention is with pole significant difference compared with blank control group, and soil conditioner of the present invention is imitated
Fruit is better than comparative example group.
1 severe salinized soil soil salt content of table(%)Dynamic change
Modifying agent | With preceding | With the latter moon | Vigorous period | Before harvest | The salification phase is evaporated after harvest | Relative reduction amount |
Embodiment 1 | 0.752 | 0.604 | 0.522 | 0.582 | 0.624 | 17.02** |
Embodiment 2 | 0.748 | 0.631 | 0.562 | 0.588 | 0.629 | 15.91** |
Embodiment 3 | 0.762 | 0.628 | 0.543 | 0.574 | 0.651 | 14.57** |
Embodiment 4 | 0.713 | 0.639 | 0.573 | 0.576 | 0.616 | 13.60** |
Embodiment 5 | 0.726 | 0.602 | 0.557 | 0.575 | 0.618 | 14.88** |
Comparative example 1 | 0.732 | 0.641 | 0.581 | 0.623 | 0.657 | 10.24** |
Comparative example 2 | 0.739 | 0.721 | 0.608 | 0.668 | 0.708 | 4.19** |
Comparative example 3 | 0.742 | 0.648 | 0.586 | 0.612 | 0.648 | 12.67** |
Comparative example 4 | 0.725 | 0.685 | 0.648 | 0.674 | 0.702 | 5.52** |
Comparative example 5 | 0.736 | 0.654 | 0.615 | 0.642 | 0.682 | 7.34** |
Blank control group | 0.739 | 0.736 | 0.619 | 0.661 | 0.715 | 3.25 |
Compared with blank control group.*P<0.05**P<0.01
As shown in Table 1, all higher than blank control group using modifying agent soil salt content relative reduction amount of the present invention, comparative example group with
Blank control group, which compares, also has significant difference, and soil conditioner group of the present invention is compared with blank control group with pole significance difference
It is different, and soil conditioner effect of the present invention is better than comparative example group, meanwhile, by comparative example 4, comparative example 5 it is found that with inorganic porous
Property substance replace inorganic substances, have stronger adsorption capacity and ion-exchange capacity, the salt in salt-soda soil can be adsorbed in this way
Class, reduces the saline and alkaline degree of soil, while can adsorb the harmful substances such as heavy metal in soil, achievees the purpose that purification soil,
Simultaneously because porous mass, can improve the permeability of soil, improves the physics and chemistry shape of soil, increase the effect of soil fertility
Fruit, and inorganic porous property substance is handled by binder carboxyethyl cellulose, to increase medicament and inorganic porous property substance
Bonding force increases medicament and inorganic porous property substance binding force, and which prevent medicaments to fall off, and influences the effect of soil improvement
Fruit, to increase the stability of soil conditioner.
Influence of 4.2 soil conditioners of the present invention to soil physico-chemical property
4.2.1 unit weight, porosity.
Influence of 2 soil conditioner of the present invention of table to the soil weight, porosity
Cell dosage(kg) | With preceding volume weight of soils(g/cm3) | With preceding interstices of soil rate(%) | With rear volume weight of soils(g/cm3) | With rear interstices of soil rate(%) | Porosity incrementss(%) |
0 | 1.48 | 47.22 | 1.41 | 48.33 | 2.35 |
2 | 1.48 | 47.22 | 1.36 | 49.26 | 4.32 |
4 | 1.48 | 47.22 | 1.25 | 50.87 | 7.73 |
6 | 1.48 | 47.22 | 1.22 | 51.11 | 8.24 |
From table 2 it can be seen that soil conditioner of the present invention can reduce the soil weight, increase the porosity of soil.For guarantee test
As a result reliability and representativeness, the sampling before soil conditioner application of the present invention before non-site preparation, making by the sampling after
Without any farm work after object harvest, through what is carried out after after a period of time steady and sure, nevertheless, due to the growth of crop
Also there are certain reduction, porosity also to have increase, but application present invention soil with the soil weight of inevitable human factor, control
Earth modifying agent effect becomes apparent from, this shows that soil conditioner of the present invention has the reduction soil weight, increases the effect of soil porosity,
So that the salt affected soil of excessively consolidation is become more loose, increase the permeability of soil, be conducive to Nutrient Transformation, while being soil
Microorganism and crop root provide breathing condition, improve soil texture.
4.2.2 soil salt content, pH value and available N, P, K content
3 soil conditioner of the present invention of table, comparative example group and blank control group to severe salt-soda soil salt content, pH value and available N,
P, K contents(mg/L)Influence
Can be seen that soil conditioner of the present invention from 3 test result of table can reduce the pH value of soil, reduce soluble-salt in soil
Content, increase soil available N, P, K content, and be better than comparative example group and blank control group.
In conclusion the soil conditioner of the present invention imposes on soil by the way that medicament to be carried in inorganic porous property substance
In, be attached in this way it is inorganic porous in medicament will slow release come out, achieve the purpose that improve soil, meanwhile, it is inorganic more
Permeability substance passes through modification, has stronger adsorption capacity and ion-exchange capacity, can adsorb in salt-soda soil in this way
Salt, reduces the saline and alkaline degree of soil, while can adsorb the harmful substances such as heavy metal in soil, reaches the mesh of purification soil
, simultaneously because porous mass, can improve the permeability of soil, improves the physics and chemistry shape of soil, increase soil fertility
Effect.
It is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention, is not intended to restrict the invention, although with reference to aforementioned implementation described in upper
Invention is explained in detail for example, for those skilled in the art, still can be to foregoing embodiments
Recorded technical solution is modified or equivalent replacement of some of the technical features.All spirit in the present invention
Within principle, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and so on should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of soil conditioner, which is characterized in that it is obtained by so that medicament is carried on inorganic porous property substance, wherein:
The medicament includes oyster shell whiting, bamboo charcoal powder, chitosan powder and lignin;
The BET specific surface area of the inorganic porous property substance is 600-950m2/ g and fine pore are 10-30nm;
The load capacity of the medicament is per 100m2The BET specific surface area of inorganic porous property substance be 0.03-0.15ml;
The percentage that the gross mass of the medicament accounts for the soil conditioner gross mass is 0.3wt%-2.5wt%.
2. soil conditioner according to claim 1, which is characterized in that weight percent shared by the medicament each component
For:Chitosan powder 20%-30%, bamboo charcoal powder 15%-25%, lignin 10-20%, remaining is oyster shell whiting.
3. soil conditioner according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the inorganic porous property substance is selected from silicated
Close at least one of object, silica gel, zeolite and phosphate compounds.
4. the soil conditioner according to right 1 or 3, which is characterized in that the inorganic porous property substance is modified processing,
Specific modifying processing step is as follows:
(1)Metatitanic acid fourth fat is weighed by formula ratio, is dissolved in absolute ethyl alcohol, stirs 30 minutes, obtains metatitanic acid fourth fat -ol solution;
(2)Inorganic porous property substance is weighed by formula ratio, pours into step(1)In gained metatitanic acid fourth fat -ol solution, in blender
Stirring 1 hour;
(3)Under conditions of uniform stirring at a slow speed, distilled water is slowly added into solution, until forming gel;
(4)Gel is dried at 100 DEG C, uses distilled water flushing after grinding uniformly again 2 times;
(5)Modified inorganic porous material after flushing is put into baking oven at 100 DEG C to dry, places into Muffle furnace at 300 DEG C
Lower roasting 2 hours;
(6)It is spare after gained modified inorganic porous material is cooled down.
5. a kind of preparation method of soil conditioner, which is characterized in that include the following steps:
(1)Inorganic porous property substance modification processing;
(2)By step(1)Middle modified inorganic porous material, which is put into acetone, to be stirred, and is subsequently placed in centrifuge and is realized
Inorganic porous property substance and acetone separation are dried after finally handling inorganic porous property substance with clear water;
(3)Carboxyethyl cellulose is configured to 6% solution, then puts into the inorganic porous property substance after above-mentioned drying process
It is wherein stirred, then carries out centrifugal treating and realize that inorganic porous property substance is detached with carboxyethyl cellulose solution, it is most laggard
Row is dried;
(4)Medicament is crushed, sieving, and is added in dispersion machine and is uniformly mixed;
(5)Add inorganic porous property substance to be placed in mixing machine the medicament after dispersion to be uniformly mixed, obtain mixture, then should
Mixture heat drying obtains the soil conditioner.
6. the preparation method of soil conditioner according to claim 5, which is characterized in that step(2)Middle centrifugal treating
Condition:Rotating speed 4000-5000r/min, centrifugal treating time 12-14min.
7. the preparation method of soil conditioner according to claim 5, which is characterized in that step(4)In sieving be
100 mesh sieve.
8. the preparation method of soil conditioner according to claim 5, which is characterized in that step(4)The speed of middle dispersion machine
Degree control disperses 14-18min in 600-700r/min.
9. the preparation method of soil conditioner according to claim 5, which is characterized in that step(5)In heat drying
Condition:The dry 60-70min at 80-90 DEG C.
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CN112322305A (en) * | 2020-11-02 | 2021-02-05 | 王庆乐 | Method for producing soil conditioner by using iron ore tailings |
CN114456008A (en) * | 2022-02-25 | 2022-05-10 | 峰景园林工程集团有限公司 | Modifying agent for improving tree transplanting survival rate and preparation method thereof |
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