CN1876759A - Soil modifying agent, manufacturing and use method thereof - Google Patents
Soil modifying agent, manufacturing and use method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN1876759A CN1876759A CN 200510078219 CN200510078219A CN1876759A CN 1876759 A CN1876759 A CN 1876759A CN 200510078219 CN200510078219 CN 200510078219 CN 200510078219 A CN200510078219 A CN 200510078219A CN 1876759 A CN1876759 A CN 1876759A
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Abstract
The invention relates the soil conditioner, comprising the following steps: using porous inorganic matter as raw material, adding 3wt%-50wt% forming agent and 0.1-50wt% activating agent, granulating, and getting the product. The soil conditioner can modify soil physicochemistry deseription; it can be mixed with inorganic or organic fertilizer. It also can be used as carrier to product microbe soil conditioner. It is mixed with organic matter to product organic fertilizer which contains high nitrogen content.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to soil improvement agent and manufacturing technology thereof and use technology field.
Technical background
In recent years, along with agriculture production activity and the excessive human factors such as chemical fertilizer of use, make Soil structure be subjected to destruction.Improve the utilization ratio of chemical fertilizer, reduce the consumption of chemical fertilizer, the Soil structure that improvement is ploughed prevents the Desertification of ploughing, and the global environment of protecting we mankind to depend on for existence is the important topic of pendulum in face of our contemporary people.
Trade wastes such as slag, combustion ash, flyash, slag all have a large amount of generations every year, are very big pollutions to environment.Trade waste through modification, harmless treatment, is made the required material of agriculture production, for agriculture production provides new tool, is that we pursue when solving environmental pollution.
Mostly the inorganic soil modifying agent that provides on the market up to now is various chemical, main potential of hydrogen in order to improve, to improve the soil, or in order to increase the micronutrient levels of soil.The CN1398949A patented invention be a kind of soil improving and water maintaining agent that main raw material makes with flyash, its raw material is four kinds of catalyzer, solidifying agent, gypsum, flyash.This disclosure of the Invention the title and the weight percentage ranges of raw material, and the chemical principal constituent of unexposed its product and the leading indicator of product, one of raw material of the solidifying agent that uses because of this technology is a silicic acid solonchak, the kind of silicate minerals just has hundreds of, also there is very big-difference in chemical ingredients with the raw material in the different places of production of title, and the different raw material of active constituent content can cause the phenomenon of unstable product quality; The pH value of this product is 4-5, is only applicable to the part salt affected soil; This patented technology has only solved the utilization of coal ash problem, and inorganic porous matter trade waste such as a large amount of slag that takes place, combustion ash, slag and porous matter mineral wealth still fail to develop.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is soil improvement agent and production method and using method.This soil improvement agent be a kind of raw material extensively, be suitable for all kinds of acid, basicity soil, product standard is clear and definite and soil improvement agent is easily implemented in operation, the effect that this soil improvement agent has the structure of improving the soil, soil physico-chemical property and improves utilization rate of fertilizer.
The raw materials for production of soil improvement agent of the present invention are three kinds of porous matter inorganicss, excipient, activator.During manufacturing at first with the porous matter inorganics of 50% to 80% weight percent and the excipient uniform mixing of 3% to 30% weight percent, add 2% to 15% activator or the activator granulation after the water dilution then, the average anti-crushing power of particle that acquisition has a cell texture greater than the 15N/ grain, put into water disintegration rate less than 6%, the methylene blue adsorptive value is greater than the granular soil soil improver of 0.4mg/g, the principal constituent of its composition by the weight percent that oxide compound calculates is: SiO
2: 30-65%; Al
2O
3: 5-25%; CaO:5-35%; MgO:1-10%; Fe
2O
3: 1-10%; Na
2O (contains K
2O): 1-10%.
Above-mentioned porous matter inorganics be slag, combustion ash, flyash, slag, etc. other multiple natural porous matter mineral such as trade waste and zeolite, medical stone, perlite, vermiculite, tourmalinite, sepiolite.The weight percent of its usage quantity is: slag 0-70%, fire grey 0-70%, flyash 0-70%, slag 0-50%, zeolite 0-65%, medical stone 0-70%, perlite 0-35%, vermiculite 0-35%, tourmalinite 0-70%, sepiolite 0-70%.
Above-mentioned excipient is by the clay of 30%-80% weight percent, the alumina of 0-10% weight percent, and the alkaline earth metal oxide of 10-50% weight percent or alkaline earth metal hydroxides are formed.
The clay that uses in the above-mentioned excipient can be single: the A. carclazyte, and on B, the high mountain range, C, wilkinite, D polynite, E, sial magnesia, F, dust Lip river soil; Also can be the mixture of the several materials in the above-mentioned materials.
Alkaline earth metal oxide that uses in the above-mentioned excipient or alkaline earth metal hydroxides can be single: A, BeO or Be (OH)
2, B, MgO or Mg (OH)
2, C, CaO or Ca (OH)
2, D, SrO or Sr (OH)
2, E, BaO or Ba (OH)
2Also can be the mixture of the several materials in the above-mentioned materials.
The alumina that uses in the above-mentioned excipient can be single: A, alunite breeze, B, siderotil breeze, C, leonite breeze also can be the mixture of the several materials in the above-mentioned materials.
Above-mentioned activator is an acidic liquid, and this activator can be used by water dilution back, and the principal constituent of its chemical constitution is pressed oxide compound and calculated, and its content is: Fe
2O
3: 0～100g/L, MgO:0～50g/L, CuO:0～5g/L, ZnO:0～5g/L, Al
2O
3: 0～250g/L, MnO:0～5g/L, B
2O
3: 0～5g/l, CoO:0～1g/L, free acid: 0～400g/L.
The free acid that uses in the above-mentioned activator is: A. sulfuric acid, B: hydrochloric acid, C: nitric acid, D: phosphoric acid, E: citric acid, F: oxalic acid, G: several the sour mixtures in a kind of or above-mentioned acid in the acetic acid.
The production method of soil improvement agent of the present invention is that porous matter inorganic material and required excipient are mixed, and adds an amount of activator or the activator granulation after the water dilution then, thereby obtains soil improvement agent.
Soil improvement agent of the present invention can be used separately, also can with various chemical fertilizer by chemical fertilizer 5% to 80% with use after soil improvement agent 20% to 95% weight percent mixes.
Soil improvement agent of the present invention can be used as karyosome, various chemical fertilizer can be coated on the soil improvement agent, just can obtain containing the soil improvement agent of fertilizer.
Soil improvement agent of the present invention can be made the carrier of liquid fertilizer, and the mode of various liquid fertilizers with dipping or spraying made it to adsorb, and is attached on the soil improvement agent, becomes the soil improvement agent that contains fertilizer.
Soil improvement agent of the present invention can be made microorganism carrier, the method of beneficial microorganism bacterium liquid with spraying or immersion made it to adsorb or be attached on the carrier, or with soil improvement agent of the present invention and organism mixed fermentation, beneficial microorganism bacterium liquid is adsorbed, is attached on the carrier, become and contain the beneficial microorganism soil improvement agent
Soil improvement agent of the present invention, raw materials for production are extensive, can effectively control and reduce cost.
Soil improvement agent of the present invention, its pH value can be adjusted into acidity, alkalescence or neutral as required, makes it to be suitable for all kinds of acid, the use of basicity soil.
Soil improvement agent of the present invention can detect according to the chemical principal constituent of product or the key technical indexes of product, has made things convenient for operation and enforcement.
Soil improvement agent of the present invention, the physical and chemical character that can improve the soil not only improves the permeability of soil, also has water retention, and water, gas, the soil solution are had very strong adsorption and ion exchange.The water, gas, the soil solution that are adsorbed by soil improvement agent of the present invention are not easy to move, and reduce loss so can maintain fertilizer nutrient, improve fertilizer utilization ratio.Because its adsorption exists the moisture film that is formed by planar water around soil improvement agent, this moisture film is in the same place water molecules and water molecules by Sauerstoffatom, is to move.When the root of plant secreted organic acid, by the charge effect of free water, plant can absorb free water, various nutrients also are absorbed thereupon when free water is by plant absorbing, thereby can promote growth and development of plant, improve stress resistance of plant, reach the effect that improves output.
The porous structure of soil improvement agent of the present invention can become soil beneficial microorganism nest, water, the gas of absorption can promote the beneficial microorganism breeding again, along with beneficial microorganism rolls up, various tethelin, microbiotic and the enzyme that beneficial microorganism produces in the soil quickens the plant health growth again, and reaching improves the soil improves the purpose of crop yield.
Soil improvement agent of the present invention also is applicable to the serious and micro-insufficient soil application of continuous cropping diseases, is applicable to various farm crop.
The invention solves with porous matter inorganics is main raw material, produces the method for soil improvement agent.Porous matter inorganics raw material of the present invention not only can derive from slag, combustion ash, slag, flyash and also comprise natural porous matter inorganic mineral.Method provided by the invention not only can make porous matter trade waste become resource and obtain utilizing, and also can produce soil improvement agent of the present invention for agricultural use with various other porous matter inorganic minerals simultaneously with suiting measures to local conditions.
Embodiment 1 soil improvement agent of the present invention forms by the weight percent cooperation of following raw material: A, porous matter inorganics: flyash 76.7%, B, vehicle 18.5%, C, activator 4.8%, its vehicle contains following composition by weight percentage: clay 60%, alkaline earth metal hydroxides 40%; Its activator contains citric acid 100g/L, aqueous sulfuric acid 200g/L, ferrous sulfate 150g/L, Tai-Ace S 150 50g/L, sal epsom 30g/L, copper sulfate 15g/L, zinc sulfate 25g/L, manganous sulfate 14g/L, borax 20/L.
Embodiment 2 soil improvement agents of the present invention cooperate manufacturing to form by the weight percent of following raw material: A, porous matter inorganics: flyash 43%, pulverized slag 10%, zeolite powder 20%, B, vehicle 22%, C, activator 5%, its vehicle contains following composition by weight percentage: clay 75%, alkaline earth metal oxide 25%; Its activator contains sulfuric acid 200g/L, nitric acid 130, ferrous sulfate 150g/L, Tai-Ace S 150 50g/L, sal epsom 30g/L, copper sulfate 15g/L, zinc sulfate 25g/L, manganous sulfate 14g/L, borax 20/L.
Embodiment 3 soil improvement agents of the present invention cooperate manufacturing to form by the weight percent of following raw material: A, porous matter inorganics: flyash 50%, steel-making slag powder 28.5%, B, vehicle 15.5%, C, activator 6%, its vehicle contains following composition by weight percentage: clay 64%, alkaline earth metal hydroxides 36%; Its activator contains nitric acid 250g/L, sulfuric acid 100g/L, ferrous sulfate 150g/L, Tai-Ace S 150 50g/L, sal epsom 30g/L, copper sulfate 15g/L, zinc sulfate 25g/L, manganous sulfate 14g/L, borax 20/L.
Embodiment 4 soil improvement agents of the present invention cooperate manufacturing to form by the weight percent of following raw material: A, porous matter inorganics: pulverized slag 70%, B, vehicle 22%, C, activator 8%, its vehicle contains following composition by weight percentage: clay 60%, alkaline earth metal hydroxides 40%; Its activator contains sulfuric acid 200g/L, nitric acid 100g/L, ferrous sulfate 150g/L, Tai-Ace S 150 50g/L, sal epsom 30g/L, copper sulfate 15g/L, zinc sulfate 25g/L, manganous sulfate 14g/L, borax 20/L.
Embodiment 5 soil improvement agents of the present invention cooperate manufacturing to form by the weight percent of following raw material: A, porous matter inorganics: combustion ash 60%, B, vehicle 25%, C, activator 15%, its vehicle contains following composition by weight percentage: clay 78%, alumina 2%, alkaline earth metal oxide 20%; Its activator contains phosphatase 11 00g/L, citric acid 25g/L.
Embodiment 6 soil improvement agents of the present invention cooperate manufacturing to form by the weight percent of following raw material: A, porous matter inorganics: steel-making slag powder 40%, pulverized slag 30%, B, vehicle 25%, C, activator 5%, its vehicle contains following composition by weight percentage: clay 60%, alumina 10%, alkaline earth metal oxide 30%; Its activator contains hydrochloric acid 300g/L, sulfuric acid 50g/L.
Embodiment 7 soil improvement agents of the present invention cooperate manufacturing to form by the weight percent of following raw material: A, porous matter inorganics: zeolite 65, B, vehicle 27%, C, activator 8%, its vehicle contains following composition by weight percentage: clay 54%, alumina 6%, alkaline earth metal hydroxides 40%; Its activator contains oxalic acid 350g/L, citric acid 50g/L.
Embodiment 8 soil improvement agents of the present invention cooperate manufacturing to form by the weight percent of following raw material: A, porous matter inorganics: medical stone 65%, B, vehicle 25%, C, activator 10%, its vehicle contains following composition by weight percentage: clay 58%, alumina 2%, alkaline earth metal hydroxides 40%; Its activator contains sulfuric acid 250g/L.
Embodiment 9 soil improvement agents of the present invention cooperate manufacturing to form by the weight percent of following raw material: A, porous matter inorganics: perlite powder 30%, flyash 25%, B, vehicle 30%, C, activator 15%, its vehicle contains following composition by weight percentage: clay 74%, alumina 7%, alkaline earth metal oxide 19%; Its activator contains sulfuric acid 150g/L.
Embodiment 10 soil improvement agents of the present invention cooperate manufacturing to form by the weight percent of following raw material: A, porous matter inorganics: vermiculite 30%, flyash 25%, B, vehicle 30%, C, activator 15%, its vehicle contains following composition by weight percentage: clay 74%, alumina 7%, alkaline earth metal oxide 19%; Its activator contains sulfuric acid 150g/L.
Embodiment 11 soil improvement agents of the present invention cooperate manufacturing to form by the weight percent of following raw material: A, porous matter inorganics: sepiolite 60%, B, vehicle 25%, C, activator 15%, its vehicle contains following composition by weight percentage: clay 60%, alumina 1%, alkaline earth metal hydroxides 39%; Its activator contains sulfuric acid 200g/L.
Embodiment 12 soil improvement agents of the present invention cooperate manufacturing to form by the weight percent of following raw material: A, porous matter inorganics: slag 50%, zeolite 15%, B, vehicle 25%, C, activator 10%, its vehicle contains following composition by weight percentage: clay 70%, alumina 3%, alkaline earth metal oxide 27%; Its activator contains sulfuric acid 250g/L.
Embodiment 13 soil improvement agents of the present invention cooperate manufacturing to form by the weight percent of following raw material: A, porous matter inorganics: slag 10%, slag 20%, medical stone 20%, sepiolite 15%, B, vehicle 30%, C, activator 5%, its vehicle contains following composition by weight percentage: clay 80%, alumina 3%, alkaline earth metal oxide 17%; Its activator contains sulfuric acid 350g/L.
Embodiment 14 soil improvement agents of the present invention cooperate manufacturing to form by the weight percent of following raw material: A, porous matter inorganics: slag 35%, slag 10%, flyash 20%, B, vehicle 25%, C, activator 10%, its vehicle contains following composition clay 65%, alumina 2%, alkaline earth metal hydroxides 33% by weight percentage; Its activator contains sulfuric acid 250g/L.
Embodiment 15 soil improvement agents of the present invention cooperate manufacturing to form by the weight percent of following raw material: A, porous matter inorganics: sepiolite 10%, slag 15%, medical stone 20%, slag 10%, B, vehicle 30%, C, activator 15%, its vehicle contains following composition by weight percentage: clay 78%, alumina 5%, alkaline earth metal oxide 17%; Its activator contains sulfuric acid 200g/L.
Embodiment 16 soil improvement agents of the present invention cooperate manufacturing to form by the weight percent of following raw material: A, porous matter inorganics: slag 40%, slag 20%, B, vehicle 30%, C, activator 10%, its vehicle contains following composition by weight percentage: clay 80%, alumina 3%, alkaline earth metal oxide 17%; Its activator contains sulfuric acid 250g/L.
The described material proportional quantity of embodiment by 1 to 16, earlier with behind porous matter inorganics and the excipient uniform mixing, add activator or the activator after the water dilution, through the soil improvement agent that granulation obtains, have following feature: the average anti-crushing power of particle is greater than the 15N/ grain; Put into water disintegration rate less than 6%; The methylene blue adsorptive value is greater than 0.4mg/g; Water-intake rate is greater than 45% of own wt; The weight percent meter that its chemical principal constituent is pressed oxide compound is at last: SiO
2: 30-65%; Al
2O
3: 5-25%; CaO:5-35%; MgO:1-10%; Fe
2O
3: 1-10%; Na
2O (contains K
2O): 1-10%.
The present invention is not restricted to the described embodiments, and can determine concrete embodiment with the technical program according to the situation of actual raw material sources.
Soil improvement agent that forms with embodiment 1,2 and 3 manufacturings and compound manure (N, P, K 〉=44%) are processed respectively and are used the tomato cultivation comparison test, its result such as following table:
| Raise crop | Using composite fertilizer handles | A handles composite fertilizer+soil improvement agent | B handles composite fertilizer+soil improvement agent | C handles composite fertilizer+soil improvement agent | |
| Tomato | Rate of fertilizer application (Kg/ mu) | 50 | 25+25 | 25+25 | 25+25 |
| Fruit fresh weight/strain (g) | 1,152 | 1,397 | 1,299 | 1,473 | |
Annotate: A is that embodiment 1 soil improvement agent+composite fertilizer handles, and B is that embodiment 2 soil improvement agents+composite fertilizer handles, and C is that embodiment 3 soil improvement agents+composite fertilizer handles.
The soil improvement agent and the compound manure (N, P, K 〉=44%) that form with embodiment 1,2 manufacturings carry out the culture of cotton comparison test respectively, and the mu amount of application carries out test design by same cost, its result such as following table:
| Raise crop (surveying the product project) | Using composite fertilizer handles | A handles composite fertilizer+soil improvement agent | B handles composite fertilizer+soil improvement agent | |
| Cotton | Rate of fertilizer application (Kg/ mu) | 45 | 30+30 | 30+30. |
| Output (Kg/ mu) | 298 | 352 | 387 | |
Annotate: A is that embodiment 1 soil improvement agent+composite fertilizer handles, and B is that embodiment 2 soil improvement agents+composite fertilizer handles.
The soil improvement agent and the compound manure (N, P, K 〉=44%) that form with embodiment 1,2 and 3 manufacturings carry out the maize culture test respectively, and the mu amount of application is used its result such as following table by same cost
| Raise crop | Using composite fertilizer handles | A Processing Example 1+ composite fertilizer | B Processing Example 2+ composite fertilizer | C Processing Example 3+ composite fertilizer | |
| Corn | Rate of fertilizer application (kg/ mu) | 60 | 30+30 | 30+30 | 30+30 |
| Amount to output (kg/ mu) | 735.4 | 809.7 | 831.7 | 827.6 | |
The soil improvement agent that forms with embodiment 1,2 and 3 manufacturings carries out microbial reproduction test-results such as following table:
| Sterilization back microbe inoculation breeding potential (%) | |
| Embodiment 1 | 246 |
| Embodiment 2 | 224 |
| Embodiment 3 | 230 |
| Soil (contrast) | 100 |
Claims (12)
1, soil improvement agent of the present invention; system is a raw material with the porous matter inorganics of 50% to 80% weight percent, the excipient of 3% to 30% weight percent, the activator of 2% to 15% weight percent; a kind of cell texture that obtains through granulation, anti-crushing power greater than the 15N/ grain, put into water disintegration rate less than 6% saccharoid, the weight percent meter that the principal constituent of its chemical constitution is pressed oxide compound at last: SiO
2: 30-65%; Al
2O
3: 5-25%; CaO:5-35%; MgO:1-10%; Fe
2O
3: 1-10%; Na
2O (contains K
2O): 1-10%.
2, require 1 described soil improvement agent, it is characterized in that the porous matter inorganics that uses is other multiple natural porous matter mineral such as trade waste such as slag, combustion ash, flyash, slag and zeolite, medical stone, perlite, vermiculite, tourmalinite, sepiolite.
3, require 1 described soil improvement agent, it is characterized in that the excipient that uses clay by the 30%-80% weight percent, the alumina of 0-10% weight percent, the alkaline earth metal oxide of 10-50% weight percent or alkaline earth metal hydroxides are formed.
4, soil improvement agent as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that the alkaline earth metal oxide or the alkaline earth metal hydroxides that use in the excipient can be single: A, BeO or Be (OH)
2, B, MgO or Mg (OH)
2, C, CaO or Ca (OH)
2, D, SrO or Sr (OH)
2, E, BaO or Ba (OH)
2Also can be the mixture of the several materials in the above-mentioned materials.
5, soil improvement agent as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that the alumina that excipient uses can be single: A, alunite breeze, B, siderotil breeze, C, leonite breeze also can be the mixture of the several materials in the above-mentioned materials.
6, soil improvement agent as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that the activator that uses is acidic liquid, and activator chemistry principal constituent is pressed oxide compound and calculated, and its content is: Fe
2O
3: 0～100g/L, MgO:0～50g/L, CuO:0～5g/L, ZnO:0～5g/L, Al
2O
3: 0～250g/L, MnO:0～5g/L, B
2O
3: 0～5g/l, CoO:0～1g/L, free acid: 0～400g/L.
7, the employed activator of soil improvement agent as claimed in claim 8 is characterized in that the free acid of the activator that uses is: A. sulfuric acid, B: hydrochloric acid, C: nitric acid, D: phosphoric acid, E: citric acid, F: oxalic acid, G: several the sour mixtures in a kind of or above-mentioned acid in the acetic acid.
8, the production method of soil improvement agent as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that earlier porous matter inorganic material and required excipient are mixed, and adds an amount of activator granulation then, thus the acquisition soil improvement agent.
9, the described soil improvement agent of claim 1 is characterized in that soil improvement agent of the present invention can use separately, also can with various chemical fertilizer by chemical fertilizer 1% to 80% with use after soil improvement agent 20% to 99% weight percent mixes.
10, soil improvement agent as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that and this soil improvement agent can be used as karyosome, and various chemical fertilizer are coated on the karyosome, just can obtain containing the soil improvement agent of fertilizer.
11, soil improvement agent as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that soil improvement agent of the present invention can be used as carrier, the mode of various types of liquid fertilizers with dipping or spraying made it absorption, is attached on the soil improvement agent of the present invention, become the soil improvement agent that contains fertilizer.
12, soil improvement agent as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that soil improvement agent of the present invention can be used as carrier, the method of beneficial microorganism bacterium liquid with spraying or immersion made it to adsorb or be attached on the soil improvement agent of the present invention, or with soil improvement agent of the present invention and organism mixed fermentation with the absorption of beneficial microorganism bacterium liquid, adhering on soil improvement agent of the present invention, become and hold the beneficial microorganism soil improvement agent.
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| CNB2005100782194A CN100465246C (en) | 2005-06-10 | 2005-06-10 | Soil modifying agent, manufacturing and use method thereof |
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| CNB2005100782194A CN100465246C (en) | 2005-06-10 | 2005-06-10 | Soil modifying agent, manufacturing and use method thereof |
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