CN114057529A - Soil remediation agent and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Soil remediation agent and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114057529A CN114057529A CN202111527767.6A CN202111527767A CN114057529A CN 114057529 A CN114057529 A CN 114057529A CN 202111527767 A CN202111527767 A CN 202111527767A CN 114057529 A CN114057529 A CN 114057529A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F3/00—Fertilisers from human or animal excrements, e.g. manure
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K17/00—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials
- C09K17/40—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials containing mixtures of inorganic and organic compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2101/00—Agricultural use
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Soil Conditioners And Soil-Stabilizing Materials (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of soil remediation. The invention provides a soil repairing agent and a preparation method thereof, wherein the preparation method comprises the following steps: mixing coal ash, mineral soil and an acid solution, and then reacting to obtain slurry; and mixing the slurry, the organic waste and the microorganisms, and then sequentially stacking and fermenting to obtain the soil remediation agent. The soil remediation agent disclosed by the invention contains rich organic matters, mineral elements and trace elements, also contains rich microbial flora, and has higher nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium contents; not only can effectively improve the contents of mineral elements and trace elements in the soil and the fertility of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, but also can improve the content of organic matters in the soil and promote the propagation of microorganisms. The soil restoration agent provided by the invention can be used for remarkably increasing the crop yield, improving the crop taste and improving the immunity and the disease and insect resistance of crops.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of soil remediation, in particular to a soil remediation agent and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The non-circular agricultural production mode causes the continuous loss of soil mineral elements, trace elements and organic matters, and the serious loss is easily caused after the soil is used for a long time. The serious consequence of the method causes the continuous decrease of the crop yield, the appearance of the field of no production, the product is more and more difficult to eat, and the plant diseases and insect pests are more and more serious. Chemical fertilizers are the mainstream technology of agricultural production and are mainly used for improving soil fertility. However, with the continuous improvement of the soil fertility, the soil mineral elements, the trace elements and the organic matters are continuously lost, so that the hardening of the soil is accelerated, and the soil fertility is no longer a short-plate control factor for agricultural production. The fertilizer dosage is continuously increased, so that the yield of crops is not increased or decreased.
The quality problem of soil is solved to a certain extent by technologies such as organic fertilizers, trace element fertilizers, ferment fertilizers, microbial fertilizers and the like, but the problem is difficult to be solved comprehensively and systematically. The method has the advantages of recovering the inherent contents of the mineral elements and the trace elements in the soil, improving the content of organic matters, promoting the propagation of microorganisms and comprehensively improving the soil fertility, and is a fundamental way for realizing the sustainable development of agriculture with the advantages of high yield, high quality and disease and insect resistance.
Therefore, the research and development of the multifunctional soil remediation agent for improving the organic matter content of soil and soil fertility and realizing high yield, high quality and disease and insect resistance of crops have important research value and significance.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a soil remediation agent and a preparation method thereof aiming at the defects of the prior art.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
the invention provides a preparation method of a soil remediation agent, which comprises the following steps:
1) mixing coal ash, mineral soil and an acid solution, and then reacting to obtain slurry;
2) and mixing the slurry, the organic waste and the microorganisms, and then sequentially stacking and fermenting to obtain the soil remediation agent.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the coal ash to the mineral soil in the step 1) is 1-2: 2-4; the acid solution is sulfuric acid solution or nitric acid solution.
Preferably, the sulfuric acid solution is an aqueous solution of concentrated sulfuric acid, the mass concentration of the concentrated sulfuric acid is 95-98%, and the volume ratio of the concentrated sulfuric acid to water in the aqueous solution of the concentrated sulfuric acid is 1: 5-30; the nitric acid solution is a concentrated nitric acid aqueous solution, the mass concentration of the concentrated nitric acid is 65-70%, and the volume ratio of the concentrated nitric acid to water in the concentrated nitric acid aqueous solution is 1: 5 to 30.
Preferably, the pH value of the mixture obtained in the step 1) is 2-7; the reaction time is 2-6 h.
Preferably, in the ore soil in the step 1), the mass fraction of silicon is less than or equal to 60%, the mass fractions of aluminum, iron, potassium, magnesium and calcium are independently 0.5-40%, the mass fractions of sodium and titanium are independently 0.1-4.5%, and the sum of the mass fractions of trace elements is less than or equal to 7%; in the coal ash, the mass fraction of calcium element is more than or equal to 35%, the mass fractions of silicon element, aluminum element and sulfur element are independently 6-13%, the mass fractions of iron element and sodium element are independently 1-8%, and the sum of the mass fractions of trace elements is less than or equal to 5%.
Preferably, in the mixture obtained by mixing in the step 2), the mass fraction of the slurry is 20-40%, and the organic waste contains one or more of crop straws, agricultural and forestry waste and human and animal manure.
Preferably, the height of the stack in the step 2) is 1-2 m, and the width is 2-10 m.
Preferably, the fermentation temperature in the step 2) is 20-70 ℃, and the fermentation time is 20-60 days.
The invention also provides a soil remediation agent obtained by the preparation method.
The beneficial effects of the invention include the following:
1) the soil remediation agent disclosed by the invention contains rich organic matters, mineral elements and trace elements, also contains rich microbial flora, and has higher nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium contents; not only can effectively improve the contents of mineral elements and trace elements in the soil and the fertility of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, but also can improve the content of organic matters in the soil and promote the propagation of microorganisms.
2) The soil restoration agent provided by the invention can be used for remarkably increasing the crop yield, improving the crop taste and improving the immunity and the disease and insect resistance of crops.
Detailed Description
The invention provides a preparation method of a soil remediation agent, which comprises the following steps:
1) mixing coal ash, mineral soil and an acid solution, and then reacting to obtain slurry;
2) and mixing the slurry, the organic waste and the microorganisms, and then sequentially stacking and fermenting to obtain the soil remediation agent.
The mass ratio of the coal ash to the mineral soil in the step 1) of the invention is preferably 1-2: 2-4, and more preferably 1: 2; the ore soil is preferably an ore soil mixture consisting of a plurality of kinds of ore soil, and in the ore soil mixture, the ore soil is preferably mixed according to equal mass ratio; the acid solution is preferably a sulfuric acid solution or a nitric acid solution.
The sulfuric acid solution is preferably an aqueous solution of concentrated sulfuric acid, and the mass concentration of the concentrated sulfuric acid is preferably 95-98%; in the aqueous solution of concentrated sulfuric acid, the volume ratio of concentrated sulfuric acid to water is preferably 1: 5-30, and more preferably 1: 8-20, more preferably 1: 10-15; the nitric acid solution is preferably a concentrated nitric acid water solution, and the mass concentration of the concentrated nitric acid is preferably 65-70%; in the aqueous solution of concentrated nitric acid, the volume ratio of concentrated nitric acid to water is preferably 1: 5-30, and more preferably 1: 8-20, more preferably 1: 10 to 15.
The mixing in the step 1) of the invention is preferably carried out by mixing coal ash and mineral soil and then mixing with acid solution; the pH value after mixing is preferably 2-7, more preferably 3-6, and even more preferably 4-5; the reaction time is preferably 2-6 h, more preferably 3-5 h, and even more preferably 4 h; the reaction is preferably carried out under stirring.
In the ore soil in the step 1), the preferable mass fraction of silicon element is less than or equal to 60%, the mass fractions of aluminum element, iron element, potassium element, magnesium element and calcium element are 0.5-40% independently, the mass fractions of sodium element and titanium element are 0.1-4.5% independently, and the sum of the mass fractions of trace elements is less than or equal to 7%; more preferably, the mass fraction of silicon is less than or equal to 55%, the mass fraction of aluminum is 13.5-22.5%, the mass fraction of iron is 8-14%, the mass fraction of potassium is 4-13%, the mass fraction of magnesium is 1-5%, the mass fraction of calcium is 0.5-34%, the mass fractions of sodium and titanium are independently 0.1-4.5%, and the sum of the mass fractions of trace elements is less than or equal to 5%; more preferably, the compositions of the elements of the ores 1 to 11 in tables 1 and 2.
In the coal ash in the step 1), the mass fraction of calcium is preferably more than or equal to 35%, the mass fractions of silicon, aluminum and sulfur are independently 6-13%, the mass fractions of iron and sodium are independently 1-8%, and the sum of the mass fractions of trace elements is less than or equal to 5%; more preferably, the mass fraction of calcium is more than or equal to 45%, the mass fraction of silicon is 9-11%, the mass fractions of aluminum and sulfur are independently 7-9%, the mass fractions of iron and sodium are independently 2-6%, and the sum of the mass fractions of trace elements is less than or equal to 3%, and more preferably, the composition of the elements in the coal ash in Table 2.
TABLE 1 elemental composition comparison of different mineral and agricultural soils
TABLE 2 elemental composition comparison of different ores and coal ashes
As can be seen from table 1, the coal ash of the present invention is rich in mineral elements and trace elements, but its strong alkaline property limits the application of coal ash in soil improvement and agriculture, resulting in low value utilization of large amount of coal ash, even discarding. After the coal ash is acidified, the strong basicity of the coal ash can be converted into the state close to neutrality, the mineral elements and the trace elements can be converted into the ionic state, and various metal ions provided can effectively activate the activities of various enzyme proteins in the fermentation and humification processes, thereby greatly promoting the fermentation and humification processes and improving the efficiency.
As can be seen from tables 1 and 2, the mineral soil provided by the invention is rich in mineral elements and trace elements, and the mineral elements and trace elements of the mineral soil can be converted into ionic states by acidifying the mineral soil, so that the fermentation and humification processes are effectively promoted, and the efficiency is improved.
In the mixture obtained by mixing in the step 2), the mass fraction of the slurry is preferably 20-40%, more preferably 25-35%, and more preferably 30%; the organic waste preferably comprises one or more of crop straws, agricultural and forestry waste and human and animal manure; when the organic waste contains several components at the same time, the components are preferably mixed in an equal mass ratio; the agricultural and forestry waste is preferably hay and residual branches and fallen leaves of trees; the microorganism is any microorganism well known to those skilled in the art.
In the step 2), the mass ratio of the organic waste to the microorganisms is preferably 5000-100000: 1, more preferably 7000-50000: 1, and even more preferably 10000-30000: 1.
The slurry, the organic waste and the microorganisms in the step 2) are uniformly mixed and then stacked, wherein the stacking height is preferably 1-2 m, more preferably 1.2-1.8 m, and more preferably 1.5-1.6 m; the width of the stack is preferably 2 to 10m, more preferably 3 to 8m, and still more preferably 4 to 6 m.
The acidified coal ash and the acidified mineral soil are used as promoters, and are mixed with organic wastes and microorganisms to naturally ferment humus.
The fermentation in the step 2) of the invention is preferably natural fermentation, and the fermentation temperature is preferably 20-70 ℃, more preferably 25-65 ℃, and more preferably 30-60 ℃; the fermentation time is preferably 20-60 days, more preferably 25-50 days, and even more preferably 30-40 days.
The soil restoration agent is prepared by using crop straws, forestry and agricultural wastes, human and animal excreta, coal ash wastes and mineral soil with huge reserves as raw materials, has the advantages of wide raw material sources, waste-to-benefit, waste recycling, simple production process and low production cost, and can be used for comprehensively improving soil fertility and realizing a high-efficiency agricultural production mode with high yield, high quality and disease and insect resistance.
The invention also provides a soil remediation agent obtained by the preparation method.
The technical solutions provided by the present invention are described in detail below with reference to examples, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
Mixing the mineral soil 4, the mineral soil 6 and the coal ash in the following ratio of 1: 1: 1, and the resulting mixture is called fly ash. Mixing 50L of concentrated sulfuric acid (the mass concentration is 97%) with 550L of water to obtain a sulfuric acid solution, gradually adding the mineral coal ash into the sulfuric acid solution at room temperature until the pH value reaches 5, and stirring for 5 hours to fully react to obtain slurry. Uniformly mixing the slurry, the corn straws and the microorganisms to obtain a mixture, wherein the slurry accounts for 30% of the mass of the mixture, and the mass ratio of the corn straws to the microorganisms is 5000: 1, after the mixture is piled up according to the height of 1.5m and the width of 3m, the mixture is naturally fermented at 34 ℃ (the temperature is increased to 65 ℃) for 30 days to obtain the soil remediation agent.
Example 2
Mixing the mineral soil 7, the mineral soil 8 and the coal ash in the following ratio of 2: 1: 1, and the resulting mixture is called fly ash. 49L of concentrated nitric acid (the mass concentration is 67 percent) and 500L of water are mixed to obtain a nitric acid solution, the mineral coal ash is gradually added into the nitric acid solution at room temperature until the pH value reaches 6, and the mixture is stirred for 4 hours to fully react to obtain slurry. Uniformly mixing the pulp, corn straws, pig manure, forest leaves and microorganisms to obtain a mixture, wherein the pulp accounts for 27% of the mass of the mixture, the mass ratio of the total amount of the corn straws, the pig manure and the forest leaves to the microorganisms is 10000:1, the mixture is stacked according to the height of 1.2m and the width of 2.5m, and then naturally fermenting at 32 ℃ (the temperature is raised to 70 ℃ in the fermentation process) for 35d to obtain the soil remediation agent.
Example 3
Mixing mineral soil 3, mineral soil 5 and coal ash in the following mass ratio of 1: 2: 1, and the resulting mixture is called fly ash. Mixing 51L of concentrated sulfuric acid (with the mass concentration of 98%) and 550L of water to obtain a sulfuric acid solution, gradually adding the mineral coal ash into the sulfuric acid solution at room temperature until the pH value reaches 4, and stirring for 6 hours to fully react to obtain slurry. Uniformly mixing the slurry, the residual branches and leaves of the trees in the forestry waste, the sheep manure and the microorganisms to obtain a mixture, wherein the slurry accounts for 32% of the mass of the mixture, the mass ratio of the total amount of the residual branches and leaves of the trees in the forestry waste and the microorganisms is 50000:1, the mixture is stacked according to the height of 1.7m and the width of 6m, and then the mixture is naturally fermented at the temperature of 30 ℃ (the temperature is increased to 68 ℃ in the fermentation process) for 45 days to obtain the soil remediation agent.
The soil remediation agent disclosed by the invention contains rich organic matters, mineral elements and trace elements, also contains rich microbial flora, and has higher nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium contents; not only can effectively improve the contents of mineral elements and trace elements in the soil and the fertility of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, but also can improve the content of organic matters in the soil and promote the propagation of microorganisms. The soil restoration agent can obviously improve the crop yield, improve the crop taste and improve the immunity and the disease and insect resistance of crops.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications and decorations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A method for preparing a soil remediation agent, comprising the following steps:
1) mixing coal ash, mineral soil and an acid solution, and then reacting to obtain slurry;
2) and mixing the slurry, the organic waste and the microorganisms, and then sequentially stacking and fermenting to obtain the soil remediation agent.
2. The preparation method according to claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of the coal ash to the mineral soil in the step 1) is 1-2: 2-4; the acid solution is sulfuric acid solution or nitric acid solution.
3. The preparation method according to claim 2, wherein the sulfuric acid solution is an aqueous solution of concentrated sulfuric acid, the mass concentration of the concentrated sulfuric acid is 95-98%, and the volume ratio of the concentrated sulfuric acid to water in the aqueous solution of concentrated sulfuric acid is 1: 5-30; the nitric acid solution is a concentrated nitric acid aqueous solution, the mass concentration of the concentrated nitric acid is 65-70%, and the volume ratio of the concentrated nitric acid to water in the concentrated nitric acid aqueous solution is 1: 5 to 30.
4. The preparation method according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the pH value after the mixing in the step 1) is 2-7; the reaction time is 2-6 h.
5. The preparation method according to claim 4, wherein in the ore soil in the step 1), the mass fraction of silicon is less than or equal to 60%, the mass fractions of aluminum, iron, potassium, magnesium and calcium are independently 0.5 to 40%, the mass fractions of sodium and titanium are independently 0.1 to 4.5%, and the sum of the mass fractions of trace elements is less than or equal to 7%; in the coal ash, the mass fraction of calcium element is more than or equal to 35%, the mass fractions of silicon element, aluminum element and sulfur element are independently 6-13%, the mass fractions of iron element and sodium element are independently 1-8%, and the sum of the mass fractions of trace elements is less than or equal to 5%.
6. The preparation method of claim 5, wherein in the mixture obtained by mixing in the step 2), the mass fraction of the slurry is 20-40%, and the organic waste comprises one or more of crop straws, agricultural and forestry waste and human and animal manure.
7. The method of claim 5 or 6, wherein the height of the stack of step 2) is 1 to 2m and the width is 2 to 10 m.
8. The preparation method of claim 7, wherein the fermentation temperature in the step 2) is 20-70 ℃ and the fermentation time is 20-60 days.
9. The soil remediation agent prepared by the method of any one of claims 1 to 8.
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1876759A (en) * | 2005-06-10 | 2006-12-13 | 王培武 | Soil modifying agent, manufacturing and use method thereof |
| CN107556132A (en) * | 2017-09-04 | 2018-01-09 | 锡林郭勒职业学院 | A kind of preparation method of fly ash base artificial soil |
| CN108383654A (en) * | 2018-04-13 | 2018-08-10 | 通化海汇龙洲化工有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of kalium contained mineral base soil remediation material, the kalium contained mineral base soil remediation material prepared by this method and purposes |
| CN111040769A (en) * | 2019-12-17 | 2020-04-21 | 河南省地质环境规划设计院有限公司 | Soil restoration improving agent and soil restoration improving method |
-
2021
- 2021-12-14 CN CN202111527767.6A patent/CN114057529A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1876759A (en) * | 2005-06-10 | 2006-12-13 | 王培武 | Soil modifying agent, manufacturing and use method thereof |
| CN107556132A (en) * | 2017-09-04 | 2018-01-09 | 锡林郭勒职业学院 | A kind of preparation method of fly ash base artificial soil |
| CN108383654A (en) * | 2018-04-13 | 2018-08-10 | 通化海汇龙洲化工有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of kalium contained mineral base soil remediation material, the kalium contained mineral base soil remediation material prepared by this method and purposes |
| CN111040769A (en) * | 2019-12-17 | 2020-04-21 | 河南省地质环境规划设计院有限公司 | Soil restoration improving agent and soil restoration improving method |
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