CN101463334A - Fermentation liquor composition for preparing biological organic fertilizer and preparation and use thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a fermented liquid composition for preparing bio-organic fertilizer, which is composed of the following components by weight percentage: 60-70% of Bacillus subtilis fermented liquid, 15-20% of Bacillus pumilus fermented liquid, fluorescent pseudo-sheet Bacteria fermentation broth 15-20%. The present invention also provides a preparation method of the fermented liquid composition, which comprises separately fermenting Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus pumilus and Pseudomonas fluorescens respectively, and then mixing the obtained fermented liquids. The strain combination of this product is optimized to achieve multi-functionality. The selected strains not only have growth-promoting effects, but more importantly, have antagonistic effects on various plant soil-borne diseases; Bacillus subtilis and Pseudomonas fluorescens in this product are plant rhizosphere growth-promoting bacteria, which can stimulate the growth of induced crops. Systemic resistance, improve autoimmunity, enhance disease resistance.

Description

Fermentation liquid composition for preparing bio-organic fertilizer and its preparation method and application

technical field

The invention relates to a fermented liquid composition for preparing bio-organic fertilizer, a preparation method and application thereof, and belongs to the field of agricultural biotechnology.

Background technique

Bio-organic fertilizer refers to a type of fertilizer that combines the effects of microbial fertilizers and organic fertilizers, which is composed of specific functional microorganisms and organic materials that are mainly derived from animal and plant residues and have been harmlessly treated and decomposed. Compared with ordinary organic fertilizers, the technical content of bio-organic fertilizer production is relatively high. In addition to adding biological agents to promote the decomposition and decomposition of organic materials in the process of decomposing, in order to achieve the purpose of directional decomposing, etc., the products also need Microorganisms with specific functions are added to enhance the effect of the product.

Bio-organic fertilizers are currently developing rapidly. More than 120 manufacturers have registered with the Ministry of Agriculture and obtained product registration certificates, with an annual output of more than 2 million tons. They already have a certain production scale and are becoming a new bright spot in the agricultural materials market. The enterprise mainly uses livestock and poultry manure or crop stalks from nearby farms as raw materials, and also includes leftovers and domestic waste from some fermentation industries. In terms of fermentation process, the trough stacking fermentation method is mostly used, and other fermentation methods, such as flat stacking fermentation method, fermentation tank fermentation method, sealed warehouse fermentation method, tower fermentation method, etc., have also been applied in production. In terms of post-processing of fermented materials, most enterprises add functional bacteria for compounding and shaping. Disc granulation technology.

Microbial strains are the core of microbial fertilizer products. In the production process, there are generally two links involving the use of microorganisms. One is to add a decomposing bacterial agent that promotes material decomposition, decomposing and deodorizing functions during the decomposing process. Composed of complex bacteria, common bacteria include photosynthetic bacteria, lactic acid bacteria, yeast, actinomycetes, Penicillium, Trichoderma, Rhizopus, etc.; the second is the functional bacteria added after the material is decomposed, generally nitrogen-fixing bacteria, phosphorus-dissolving bacteria , silicate bacteria, lactic acid bacteria, pseudomonas, bacillus, actinomycetes, etc., play a specific fertilizer effect in the product.

Bio-organic fertilizer combines the advantages of biological fertilizer and organic fertilizer, which is not only beneficial to increase the production and income of agricultural products, but also can fertilize the soil, improve the soil micro-ecological system, reduce the amount of inorganic fertilizers, and improve the quality of agricultural products. Judging from the development of the entire agricultural industry and the fertilizer market, bio-organic fertilizers should indeed become a development direction for agricultural fertilizers. However, this kind of product is still in the stage of marketing, and there are still many problems in all links from product production to field application, especially in terms of product technology content, microorganisms are the technical core of products, and the screening and compounding of strains are of great importance. The role of bio-organic compound fertilizer is extremely important. A considerable part of the current products have the disadvantages of single strain function and low microbial content of the product, which cannot meet the product quality requirements.

Contents of the invention

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to make up for the deficiencies of the prior art, and the purpose is to provide a bio-organic fertilizer that has an antagonistic effect on various plant soil-borne diseases and can stimulate and induce the systemic resistance of crops to improve their own Fermented liquid composition for enhancing immunity and disease resistance.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a preparation method of the above fermentation broth composition.

Another object of the present invention is to provide the application of the above-mentioned fermentation broth composition in the preparation of bio-organic fertilizer.

The present invention realizes above-mentioned object through following technical scheme:

A fermented liquid composition for preparing bio-organic fertilizer, which is composed of the following components by weight percentage: 60-70% of Bacillus subtilis fermented liquid, 15-20% of Bacillus pumilus fermented liquid, and Pseudomonas fluorescens fermented liquid 15-20%.

The Bacillus subtilis fermentation liquid is a mixture of one Bacillus subtilis fermentation liquid or two different Bacillus subtilis fermentation liquids; the two Bacillus subtilis fermentation liquids are preferably mixed in equal proportions.

A stabilizer may also be added to the fermentation broth composition of the present invention, and the stabilizer is preferably methyl p-hydroxybenzoate; the amount of the stabilizer is 0.1-0.2‰ of the total weight of the fermentation broth composition.

The preparation method of the above fermentation liquid composition is to separately ferment Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus pumilus and Pseudomonas fluorescens respectively, and then mix the obtained fermentation liquids, and a stabilizer may be added during mixing. At the end of fermentation, more than 85% of Bacillus subtilis form spores, and the count of viable bacteria is ≥5×10 ⁸ cfu/mL; more than 85% of Bacillus pumilus form spores, and the count of viable bacteria is ≥1×10 ⁹ cfu/mL; Pseudomonas fluorescens Fermentation live bacteria count ≥ 1×10 ⁹ cfu/mL.

The present invention also provides the application of the above-mentioned fermented liquid composition in the preparation of bio-organic fertilizer, which is to add the fermented liquid composition to the naturally decomposed organic fertilizer, and the addition amount is 150-250mL of fermented liquid per 1000g of organic fertilizer Composition, mix well. The mixed product is directly bagged or made into granular bio-organic fertilizer.

The organic fertilizer is formed by stacking the collected litter organic wastes and naturally decomposing them. After decomposing, they are crushed and passed through a _1-2mm sieve _. K ₂ O% is greater than 4%.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

1) The strain combination of this product is optimized to achieve multi-functionality. The selected strain not only has the effect of promoting growth (fertilizer), but more importantly, has the antagonistic effect on various plant soil-borne diseases;

2) Bacillus subtilis A and Pseudomonas fluorescens in this product are plant rhizosphere growth-promoting bacteria (PGPR), which can stimulate and induce systemic resistance of crops, improve self-immunity, and enhance disease resistance;

3) In the preparation method of this product, by improving the fermentation process, the fermentation level of each compatible bacterial strain is improved, and the number of effective bacteria in the product is greatly increased, thereby ensuring the product's growth-promoting and antagonistic effects in the application process. The increase in the quantity ensures that the obtained fertilizer products gain an advantage in the competition with the indigenous microorganisms and effectively occupy the ecological niche; at the same time, the increase in the number of viable bacteria ensures the product quality within the validity period of the commodity;

4) Tests have proved that the chemical fertilizer prepared by using this product has a good control effect on various soil-borne diseases such as tomato bacterial wilt, zucchini wilt, pepper bacterial wilt, and banana wilt, and can increase crop yield;

5) The chemical fertilizer products made by applying this product make full use of biomass waste resources such as litter and fallen leaves in the production process, which greatly improves the utilization rate of resources;

6) The addition of the stabilizer in the product of the present invention can further ensure the functional bacteria content within the validity period.

Detailed ways

The technical solution of the present invention is further illustrated below through specific examples.

Example 1

Use a strain of Bacillus subtilis A that has no antagonistic effect on related strains to ferment alone, and its fermentation broth is mixed with 15% of Bacillus pumilus fermentation broth and 15% of Pseudomonas fluorescens fermentation broth at a ratio of 70% to prepare a fermentation broth combination The mixture is fully absorbed and mixed in the prepared organic fertilizer according to the ratio of 150-250mL fermentation broth composition/1000g organic fertilizer to make functional bio-organic fertilizer.

The functional bio-organic fertilizer obtained in this example has antagonistic and growth-promoting effects on various plant soil-borne diseases.

Example 2

1. Separate fermentation of functional bacteria

Bacillus subtilis A (Bacillus subtilis) 1.1630, Bacillus subtilis B (Bacillus subtilis 1.1468), Bacillus pumilus 1.937 and Pseudomonas fluorescens GIM1.49 were purchased from Guangdong Institute of Microbiology Microorganism Collection Center.

The fermentation conditions of each strain are as follows:

1) Bacillus subtilis A (Bacillus subtilis 1.1630)

Fermentation medium: starch 0.5% sucrose 0.8% bean cake powder 0.3% K ₂ HPO ₄ 3H ₂ O 0.2% MgSO ₄ 7H ₂ O 0.06% ammonium sulfate 0.04% calcium carbonate 0.2% yeast extract 0.03% culture conditions: pH 7.0～ 7.5 Temperature 30～31℃, time 30～36h

2) Bacillus subtilis B (Bacillus subtilis 1.1468)

Fermentation medium: starch 0.5% sucrose 0.3% bean cake powder 0.1% K ₂ HPO ₄ 3H ₂ O 0.1% MgSO ₄ 7H ₂ O 0.1% ammonium sulfate 0.08% calcium carbonate 0.2% yeast extract 0.1% Culture conditions: pH 7.2～ 7.5 Temperature 30～34℃, time 30～36h

3) Bacillus pumilus 1.937

Fermentation medium: starch 0.4% sucrose 0.2% bean cake powder 0.1% K ₂ HPO ₄ 3H ₂ O 0.1% KH ₂ PO ₄ 12H ₂ O 0.1% calcium carbonate 0.1% yeast extract 0.04% ferrous sulfate 0.002% manganese sulfate 0.002 %

Culture conditions: pH 7.0～7.5, temperature 30～32℃, time 24～28h

4) Pseudomonas fluorescens GIM1.49

Fermentation medium: beef extract 0.5% peptone 1% sodium chloride 0.5%

Culture conditions: pH 7.0～7.2, temperature 25～30℃, time 24～28h

The selected four functional strains have been proved to have no antagonistic effect on each other by antagonism experiment.

After the above fermentation, at the end of the fermentation, more than 85% of the two strains of Bacillus subtilis formed spores, and the count of viable bacteria was ≥5×10 ⁸ cfu/mL; more than 85% of Bacillus pumilus formed spores, and the count of viable bacteria was ≥1×10 ⁹ cfu /mL; the viable count of Pseudomonas fluorescens was ≥1×10 ⁹ cfu/mL.

2. Mix the separate fermentation broth of Bacillus subtilis A, Bacillus subtilis B, Bacillus pumilus and Pseudomonas fluorescens according to the ratio of 30%+30%+20%+20%; at the same time, add a stabilizer with a quality of 0.2‰ of the fermentation broth Methylparaben.

3. After the litter is stacked and decomposed naturally, crushed through a 2mm sieve, the water content is 10-20%, the organic matter content is ≥30%, and the total nutrient (N+P ₂ O ₅ +K ₂ O)% is greater than 4.0%. ;

4. Adsorb the fermentation liquid composition and the prepared organic fertilizer by 20%, fully mix and evenly, and the product after adsorption is directly bagged or granulated to make granular bio-organic fertilizer.

Example 3

The organic fertilizer that embodiment 2 makes is used for following experiment:

1. Application effect of functional bio-organic fertilizer on pepper

In this experiment, peppers were cultivated in field greenhouses, and the disease occurred for many years.

Fertilizer dosage and usage: 100kg/mu, used as base fertilizer when transplanting pepper seedlings (converted to 20g/plant).

Results: Most of the untreated control peppers withered and had no yield, while the treatment treated with bio-organic fertilizer basically grew normally without any disease.

2. Application effect of functional bio-organic fertilizer on potted tomatoes:

This experiment is a potted plant in a net room, and the soil selected for the potted plant is vegetable garden soil with perennial disease.

Fertilizer dosage and usage: 14.3g/kg soil, base application when transplanting seedlings.

Results: 1) After 40 days of inoculation with R. solanacearum, all the controls without bio-organic fertilizers were diseased and wilted, while only a few of the treatments had mild disease.

2) The number of pathogenic bacteria in the soil was sampled and detected during the onset period. The control was 2.5×10 ⁷ cfu/g dry soil, while the fertilized treatment was only 3.7×10 ⁶ cfu/g dry soil. The difference was extremely obvious, indicating that the pathogenic bacteria in the soil after fertilization The number is significantly reduced, thereby reducing the incidence.

3. Control effect of functional bio-organic fertilizer on zucchini wilt

This experiment is a field application experiment, and the location is Danzhou Farm, Hainan.

Fertilizer dosage and usage: Functional bio-organic fertilizer is applied as base fertilizer. Two different dosages are set, namely 100g/plant and 150g/plant. There are three treatments plus the control. Each treatment is repeated three times, and 10 plants are selected for each repetition as a plot .

Result: Two different dosages have control effects on the Fusarium wilt of Chickpea, as shown in Table 1. In this test, when the dosage of each plant is 150g, the effect is better than that of 100g/plant.

Table 1 Control effect of functional bio-organic fertilizer on zucchini wilt

The following items should also be noted when applying the method of the present invention:

When the moisture content of the organic fertilizer used for adsorption is low, the fermentation broth composition and the decomposed organic fertilizer can be adsorbed at 25%, while when the moisture content of the organic fertilizer is high, it is generally adsorbed at 15%. The composition of the composition mainly depends on the application situation. If it is applied to a field with a serious disease incidence, the proportion of the two strains of Bacillus subtilis can be appropriately increased, each using 35%, and each of Bacillus pumilus and Pseudomonas fluorescens can be used 15%, otherwise, generally mix according to the preferred scheme of 30%+30%+20%+20%.

Claims (9)

1. a fermentation liquor composition that is used to prepare biological organic fertilizer is made up of following components in weight percentage: fermentation of bacillus subtilis liquid 60～70%, bacillus pumilus fermented liquid 15～20%, Pseudomonas fluorescens fermented liquid 15～20%.

2. fermentation liquor composition as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that described fermentation of bacillus subtilis liquid is the mixture of the different fermentation of bacillus subtilis liquid of a bacillus subtilis fermented liquid or two strains.

3. fermentation liquor composition as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that described mixture is the equal proportion mixture of two bacillus subtilis fermented liquids.

4. as the described arbitrary fermentation liquor composition of claim 1～3, it is characterized in that also adding in the described fermentation liquor composition stablizer of fermented liquid gross weight 0.1～0.2 ‰.

5. composition as claimed in claim 4 is characterized in that described stablizer is a methyl p-hydroxybenzoate.

6. the preparation method of the described arbitrary fermentation liquor composition of claim 1～3 is with the fermentation separately respectively of subtilis, bacillus pumilus, Pseudomonas fluorescens, the fermented liquid that obtains is mixed again.

7. the preparation method of the described fermentation liquor composition of claim 4 is with the fermentation separately respectively of subtilis, bacillus pumilus, Pseudomonas fluorescens, the fermented liquid that obtains is mixed again, and adds stablizer, mixing during mixing.

8. the application of the described fermentation liquor composition of claim 1 in the preparation biological organic fertilizer is to add described fermentation liquor composition in the fertilizer that the nature of banking up becomes thoroughly decomposed, and addition is to add 150～250mL fermentation liquor composition, mixing in every 1000g fertilizer.

9. application as claimed in claim 6 is characterized in that described fertilizer is become thoroughly decomposed and formed by the dry branches and fallen leaves organic waste materials of the collecting nature of banking up.