CN108676563A - A kind of saline alkali soil conditioner - Google Patents

A kind of saline alkali soil conditioner Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108676563A
CN108676563A CN201810658485.1A CN201810658485A CN108676563A CN 108676563 A CN108676563 A CN 108676563A CN 201810658485 A CN201810658485 A CN 201810658485A CN 108676563 A CN108676563 A CN 108676563A
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parts
alkali soil
soil conditioner
charcoal
soil
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周克斌
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Anhui Meilan Landscape Engineering Co Ltd
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Anhui Meilan Landscape Engineering Co Ltd
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09KMATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K17/00Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials
    • C09K17/40Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials containing mixtures of inorganic and organic compounds
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05BPHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
    • C05B7/00Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05GMIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G3/00Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05GMIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G3/00Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
    • C05G3/80Soil conditioners
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09KMATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K2101/00Agricultural use
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09KMATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K2109/00MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE pH regulation

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Soil Conditioners And Soil-Stabilizing Materials (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of saline alkali soil conditioners, include the component of following parts by weight:9 parts of charcoal, 45 parts of calcined phosphogypsum, 20 parts of honeycomb coal ash, 7 parts of modified zeolite, 6.5 parts of expanded perlite, 5.5 parts of humic acid powder, 4 parts of citric acid waste, 3 parts of polymeric aluminium ferrum silicate, 3 parts of diatomite, 1 part of calcium activator, 0.4 part of composite bacteria agent, 5 parts of compoiste fertilizer.The present invention can effectively improve salt affected soil physics and chemistry shape, and it is short, quick to improve the alkaline earth earth time.

Description

A kind of saline alkali soil conditioner
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of land improvement, and in particular to a kind of saline alkali soil conditioner.
Background technology
Saline-alkali soil is the general name of solonchak and alkaline earth and various salinization and alkali soil.Wherein, solonchak refers to containing largely may be used Dissolubility salt and prevent most plants from the soil that grows, salt content is typically up to 0.6% or more;Alkaline earth refers to Sodium by substitution The percentage (ESP) of ionic cation replacement amount is more than 20% strong basicity soil.The physics and chemical property of salinized soil all compared with Difference is mainly shown as that salinity or basicity are excessively high, leads to root system of plant water shortage or is poisoned, the viscous weight of the soil texture, aggregate Less, soil hardening when arid is permeable, gas permeability is poor, totally unfavorable to agricultural production.
For this purpose, being retrieved to Chinese patent literature.In Chinese patent application document " saline-alkali soil conditioner and its preparation Method (application number:CN200910176749.0 a kind of saline alkali soil conditioner and preparation method thereof, the salt affected soil) " are disclosed Conditioner is made of the raw material of following weight proportion:Glacial acetic acid 20-30, citric acid 0.5-3, oxalic acid 0.5-3, tap water 69- 74.The modifying agent can realize the improvement of soil physico-chemical property, inhibit salt to rise, sweetening of the soil alkalinity, to reach improvement The purpose of soil.It since the soil conditioner is to be in a liquid state, imposes in soil, is easy infiltration downwards, leads to the soil conditioner Utilization rate it is low, meanwhile, the soil conditioner of liquid is readily volatilized, causes the forfeiture of active ingredient, to influence soil improvement Effect.
And in a kind of Chinese patent application document " preparation method (application number of saline-alkali soil conditioner: CN200610010593.5 a kind of preparation method of saline-alkali land soil conditioner) " is disclosed, after poly internal olefins acid water dissolution, Inorganic acid, wood vinegar and plant hormone are sequentially added under stiring, are uniformly mixed, the mass percent of each substance is:Polypropylene Sour 5-25, inorganic acid 10-50, wood vinegar 1-5, plant hormone 0.01-2.0, surplus are water.The saline alkali soil conditioner is in solid State, solve liquid soil conditioner it is easy under ooze, volatile disadvantage, can effectively improve soil particle state, improve soil Earth water retention property, but effect is not very ideal, all less extensively, various plant seedling stages and production period cannot be real for application range With rolling up come saline and alkaline for meeting water cannot administer more, while plant hormone has certain pollution to environment.
In consideration of it, it is necessary to provide a kind of saline alkali soil conditioner and preparation method thereof, to reach improvement salt affected soil, subtract The content of soluble-salt in few soil, and the basicity of soil is reduced, improve the producing level in soil.
Invention content
In view of the above-mentioned analysis to the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of saline alkali soil conditioner, can effectively improve saline and alkaline Soil physical chemistry shape, and it is short, quick to improve the alkaline earth earth time.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of saline alkali soil conditioner includes the component of following parts by weight:9 parts of charcoal, 45 parts of calcined phosphogypsum, honeycomb 20 parts of coal ash, 7 parts of modified zeolite, 6.5 parts of expanded perlite, 5.5 parts of humic acid powder, 4 parts of citric acid waste, polymeric aluminium ferrum silicate 3 Part, 3 parts of diatomite, 1 part of calcium activator, 0.4 part of composite bacteria agent, 5 parts of compoiste fertilizer.
Preferably, the charcoal is by rice hull carbon, straw charcoal and cow dung charcoal according to mass ratio 1:0.8:1.2 ratio Mixing, ground fully rear 80-120 mesh of crossing are sieved, powder will be uniformly mixed again.
Preferably, straw charcoal is made with cow dung charcoal by cracking 30min in 550 DEG C of anaerobism, and rice hull carbon is straw power generation The Litter generated afterwards.
Preferably, the calcined phosphogypsum is to crush ardealite, be ground into powdery, and put after sodium sulphate mixing is added Enter in calcining furnace, calcined phosphogypsum is made after being calcined 5 hours at 900 DEG C, wherein the addition of sodium sulphate is phosphogypsum powder 10%.
Preferably, the honeycomb coal ash is through supercooling, crushing, immersion and rinsed honeycomb coal ash.
Preferably, the preparation method of the modified zeolite is:Zeolite is crushed to 5 μm hereinafter, being with mass concentration 10% sodium hydroxide solution boils 30-40min, and the methyl sugar for being equivalent to Zeolites Zeolites weight 10-15% is added after drying Glycosides ether and the sodium cellulose glycolate for being equivalent to weight zeolite 3-5% carry out high-speed stirred 50min, are filtered by vacuum after standing, and It is washed with deionized three times, obtains filter cake, filter cake is dried, be subsequently placed in Muffle furnace the speed program heating with 15 DEG C/min It is cooling to 600 DEG C, constant temperature calcining 3-5h, obtain modified zeolite.
Preferably, the calcium activator ferrous sulfate, niter cake, alum, one kind in sodium dihydrogen phosphate or A variety of combinations.
Preferably, the composite bacteria agent is made of Bifidobacterium, bacillus subtilis, EM bacterium and saccharomycete.
Preferably, the content of organic matter 42.76%, nitrogen content 3.22%, phosphorus pentoxide contain in the compoiste fertilizer Amount 3.23%, potassium oxide content 2.26%.
Compared with prior art, the present invention the present invention has following advantageous effect:
(1) modifying agent of the invention has the advantages that the improvement saline-alkali soil time is short, quick, and can improve severe salt Alkaline earth.
(2) modifying agent of the invention can reduce saline-alkali soil pH, basicity, the soil weight, exchangeable sodium, improve saline-alkali soil Physicochemical property, meanwhile, after the modifying agent for applying the present invention, organic matter, alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen, available phosphorus, effective potassium in saline-alkali soil contain Amount is improved, and the nutrition condition of saline-alkali soil is significantly improved.
(3) present invention utilize calcined phosphogypsum and calcium activator itself acidic nature, in can occurring in saline-alkali soil with Reaction, to reduce rapidly soil pH, and ardealite is into crossing calcination processing, the increased activity of itself, in addition, in ardealite Calcium can effectively exchange the sodium adsorbed on soil colloid through calcium activator activation process, make the reduction of soil exchangeable sodium content, to Reduce the basicity of soil so that the strong basicity of soil is improved, and such soil colloid can form microaggregate so that salt The air-and water-permeable performance of alkaline earth is improved.
(4) honeycomb coal ash of the invention has preferable suction-operated, can reach the effect of retain water and nutrients, meanwhile, honeycomb Containing trace elements such as calcium, zinc, phosphorus, sodium, magnesium, copper, zinc, manganese in coal ash, solve the problems, such as that saline-alkali soil trace element is deficient.
(5) charcoal of the invention can increase the permeable breathable of saline-alkali soil so that saline-alkali soil becomes loose porous, simultaneously The organic matter and nutrient of soil can be increased.
(6) there is modified zeolite of the invention unique porous structure to make it have very strong suction-operated, can adsorb Salt in saline-alkali soil reduces the saline and alkaline degree of soil, meanwhile, there is stronger adsorption energy to free heavy metal ion in soil Power.
(7) present invention is by rice hull carbon, straw charcoal and the cow dung charcoal and citric acid waste, humic acid powder in charcoal Fermentation process is carried out, so that it is become fluffy and soft, while by the decomposition of composite bacteria agent, by the rice in charcoal Shell charcoal, straw charcoal and cow dung charcoal and citric acid waste, humic acid powder etc. are difficult to the substance being absorbed and utilized, and are converted into available nutrient, The fertility for improving soil reduces soil alkaline degree to effectively improve the structure of soil.
Specific implementation mode
Form by the following examples is described in further detail the above of the present invention again, but should not be by this The range for being interpreted as the above-mentioned theme of the present invention is only limitted to following embodiment, all based on the technology realized belonging to the above of the present invention It all belongs to the scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1
The saline alkali soil conditioner of the present embodiment includes the component of following parts by weight:5 parts of charcoal, calcined phosphogypsum 35- 55 parts, 15 parts of honeycomb coal ash, 4 parts of modified zeolite, 5 parts of expanded perlite, 3 parts of humic acid powder, 2 parts of citric acid waste, polymeric silicicacid 1 part of ferro-aluminum, 2 parts of diatomite, 0.5 part of calcium activator, 0.2 part of composite bacteria agent, 3 parts of compoiste fertilizer.
Wherein, the charcoal is by rice hull carbon, straw charcoal and cow dung charcoal according to mass ratio 1:0.8:1.2 ratio is mixed It closes, ground fully rear 80-120 mesh of crossing sieves, and powder will be uniformly mixed again.
Wherein, straw charcoal and cow dung charcoal be in 550 DEG C of anaerobism cracking 30min by being made, and rice hull carbon is to produce after straw power generation Raw Litter.
Wherein, the calcined phosphogypsum is to crush ardealite, be ground into powdery, and being added after sodium sulphate mixes to be put into and forge It burns in stove, calcined phosphogypsum is made after being calcined 5 hours at 900 DEG C, wherein the addition of sodium sulphate is phosphogypsum powder 10%.
Wherein, the honeycomb coal ash is through supercooling, crushing, immersion and rinsed honeycomb coal ash.
Wherein, the preparation method of the modified zeolite is:Zeolite is crushed to 5 μm hereinafter, being 10% hydrogen with mass concentration Sodium hydroxide solution boils 30-40min, after drying be added be equivalent to Zeolites Zeolites weight 10-15% methyl glucosides ether and Be equivalent to the sodium cellulose glycolate of weight zeolite 3-5%, carry out high-speed stirred 50min, be filtered by vacuum after standing, and spend from Sub- water washing three times, obtains filter cake, and filter cake is dried, and is subsequently placed in Muffle furnace and is warming up to 600 with the speed program of 15 DEG C/min DEG C, constant temperature calcining 3-5h is cooling, obtains modified zeolite.
Wherein, one or more in the calcium activator ferrous sulfate, niter cake, alum, sodium dihydrogen phosphate Combination.
Wherein, the composite bacteria agent is made of Bifidobacterium, bacillus subtilis, EM bacterium and saccharomycete.
Wherein, the content of organic matter 42.76%, nitrogen content 3.22%, phosphorus pentoxide content in the compoiste fertilizer 3.23%, potassium oxide content 2.26%.
The present invention also provides the preparation methods of above-mentioned saline alkali soil conditioner, include the following steps:
(1) charcoal, citric acid waste, humic acid powder are dried, is crushed after drying, sieved with 100 mesh sieve, mixed Material;
(2) composite bacteria agent is added into step (1) mixture, adding water makes water content be about 30%, then into Row sealed fermenting ferments 15-20 days at 25 DEG C, obtains fermentation material;
(3) calcined phosphogypsum, honeycomb coal ash, modified zeolite, expanded perlite, polymeric aluminium ferrum silicate, diatomite are mixed, Again it is ground fully after sieve with 100 mesh sieve, then add calcium activator, compoiste fertilizer and step (2) fermentation material, be uniformly mixed Afterwards, it then puts into hardening and tempering furnace, progress vapor is quenched, so that material is entered in comminutor at a temperature of 90-100 DEG C and makes Grain;
(4) particle after granulation is dried, then crushes, obtains saline alkali soil conditioner.
Embodiment 2
The saline alkali soil conditioner of the present embodiment includes the component of following parts by weight:12 parts of charcoal, calcined phosphogypsum 55 Part, 25 parts of honeycomb coal ash, 10 parts of modified zeolite, 8 parts of expanded perlite, 8 parts of humic acid powder, 6 parts of citric acid waste, polymer aluminium silicate 5 parts of iron, 4 parts of diatomite, 1.5 parts of calcium activator, 0.6 part of composite bacteria agent, 7 parts of compoiste fertilizer.
Wherein, the charcoal is by rice hull carbon, straw charcoal and cow dung charcoal according to mass ratio 1:0.8:1.2 ratio is mixed It closes, ground fully rear 80-120 mesh of crossing sieves, and powder will be uniformly mixed again.
Wherein, straw charcoal and cow dung charcoal be in 550 DEG C of anaerobism cracking 30min by being made, and rice hull carbon is to produce after straw power generation Raw Litter.
Wherein, the calcined phosphogypsum is to crush ardealite, be ground into powdery, and being added after sodium sulphate mixes to be put into and forge It burns in stove, calcined phosphogypsum is made after being calcined 5 hours at 900 DEG C, wherein the addition of sodium sulphate is phosphogypsum powder 10%.
Wherein, the honeycomb coal ash is through supercooling, crushing, immersion and rinsed honeycomb coal ash.
Wherein, the preparation method of the modified zeolite is:Zeolite is crushed to 5 μm hereinafter, being 10% hydrogen with mass concentration Sodium hydroxide solution boils 30-40min, after drying be added be equivalent to Zeolites Zeolites weight 10-15% methyl glucosides ether and Be equivalent to the sodium cellulose glycolate of weight zeolite 3-5%, carry out high-speed stirred 50min, be filtered by vacuum after standing, and spend from Sub- water washing three times, obtains filter cake, and filter cake is dried, and is subsequently placed in Muffle furnace and is warming up to 600 with the speed program of 15 DEG C/min DEG C, constant temperature calcining 3-5h is cooling, obtains modified zeolite.
Wherein, one or more in the calcium activator ferrous sulfate, niter cake, alum, sodium dihydrogen phosphate Combination.
Wherein, the composite bacteria agent is made of Bifidobacterium, bacillus subtilis, EM bacterium and saccharomycete.
Wherein, the content of organic matter 42.76%, nitrogen content 3.22%, phosphorus pentoxide content in the compoiste fertilizer 3.23%, potassium oxide content 2.26%.
The present invention also provides the preparation methods of above-mentioned saline alkali soil conditioner, include the following steps:
(1) charcoal, citric acid waste, humic acid powder are dried, is crushed after drying, sieved with 100 mesh sieve, mixed Material;
(2) composite bacteria agent is added into step (1) mixture, adding water makes water content be about 30%, then into Row sealed fermenting ferments 15-20 days at 25 DEG C, obtains fermentation material;
(3) calcined phosphogypsum, honeycomb coal ash, modified zeolite, expanded perlite, polymeric aluminium ferrum silicate, diatomite are mixed, Again it is ground fully after sieve with 100 mesh sieve, then add calcium activator, compoiste fertilizer and step (2) fermentation material, be uniformly mixed Afterwards, it then puts into hardening and tempering furnace, progress vapor is quenched, so that material is entered in comminutor at a temperature of 90-100 DEG C and makes Grain;
(4) particle after granulation is dried, then crushes, obtains saline alkali soil conditioner.
Embodiment 3
The saline alkali soil conditioner of the present embodiment includes the component of following parts by weight:9 parts of charcoal, calcined phosphogypsum 45 Part, 20 parts of honeycomb coal ash, 7 parts of modified zeolite, 6.5 parts of expanded perlite, 5.5 parts of humic acid powder, 4 parts of citric acid waste, polymerization silicon 3 parts of sour ferro-aluminum, 3 parts of diatomite, 1 part of calcium activator, 0.4 part of composite bacteria agent, 5 parts of compoiste fertilizer.
Wherein, the charcoal is by rice hull carbon, straw charcoal and cow dung charcoal according to mass ratio 1:0.8:1.2 ratio is mixed It closes, ground fully rear 80-120 mesh of crossing sieves, and powder will be uniformly mixed again.
Wherein, straw charcoal and cow dung charcoal be in 550 DEG C of anaerobism cracking 30min by being made, and rice hull carbon is to produce after straw power generation Raw Litter.
Wherein, the calcined phosphogypsum is to crush ardealite, be ground into powdery, and being added after sodium sulphate mixes to be put into and forge It burns in stove, calcined phosphogypsum is made after being calcined 5 hours at 900 DEG C, wherein the addition of sodium sulphate is phosphogypsum powder 10%.
Wherein, the honeycomb coal ash is through supercooling, crushing, immersion and rinsed honeycomb coal ash.
Wherein, the preparation method of the modified zeolite is:Zeolite is crushed to 5 μm hereinafter, being 10% hydrogen with mass concentration Sodium hydroxide solution boils 30-40min, after drying be added be equivalent to Zeolites Zeolites weight 10-15% methyl glucosides ether and Be equivalent to the sodium cellulose glycolate of weight zeolite 3-5%, carry out high-speed stirred 50min, be filtered by vacuum after standing, and spend from Sub- water washing three times, obtains filter cake, and filter cake is dried, and is subsequently placed in Muffle furnace and is warming up to 600 with the speed program of 15 DEG C/min DEG C, constant temperature calcining 3-5h is cooling, obtains modified zeolite.
Wherein, one or more in the calcium activator ferrous sulfate, niter cake, alum, sodium dihydrogen phosphate Combination.
Wherein, the composite bacteria agent is made of Bifidobacterium, bacillus subtilis, EM bacterium and saccharomycete.
Wherein, the content of organic matter 42.76%, nitrogen content 3.22%, phosphorus pentoxide content in the compoiste fertilizer 3.23%, potassium oxide content 2.26%.
The present invention also provides the preparation methods of above-mentioned saline alkali soil conditioner, include the following steps:
(1) charcoal, citric acid waste, humic acid powder are dried, is crushed after drying, sieved with 100 mesh sieve, mixed Material;
(2) composite bacteria agent is added into step (1) mixture, adding water makes water content be about 30%, then into Row sealed fermenting ferments 15-20 days at 25 DEG C, obtains fermentation material;
(3) calcined phosphogypsum, honeycomb coal ash, modified zeolite, expanded perlite, polymeric aluminium ferrum silicate, diatomite are mixed, Again it is ground fully after sieve with 100 mesh sieve, then add calcium activator, compoiste fertilizer and step (2) fermentation material, be uniformly mixed Afterwards, it then puts into hardening and tempering furnace, progress vapor is quenched, so that material is entered in comminutor at a temperature of 90-100 DEG C and makes Grain;
(4) particle after granulation is dried, then crushes, obtains saline alkali soil conditioner.
Embodiment 4
The saline alkali soil conditioner of the present embodiment includes the component of following parts by weight:6 parts of charcoal, calcined phosphogypsum 35- 55 parts, 18 parts of honeycomb coal ash, 5 parts of modified zeolite, 6 parts of expanded perlite, 4 parts of humic acid powder, 2-6 parts of citric acid waste, polymerization silicon 2 parts of sour ferro-aluminum, 2.5 parts of diatomite, 0.8 part of calcium activator, 0.3 part of composite bacteria agent, 4 parts of compoiste fertilizer.
Wherein, the charcoal is by rice hull carbon, straw charcoal and cow dung charcoal according to mass ratio 1:0.8:1.2 ratio is mixed It closes, ground fully rear 80-120 mesh of crossing sieves, and powder will be uniformly mixed again;Wherein, straw charcoal and cow dung charcoal are in 550 DEG C of anaerobism Cracking 30min is made, and rice hull carbon is the Litter that generates after straw power generation.
Wherein, the calcined phosphogypsum is to crush ardealite, be ground into powdery, and being added after sodium sulphate mixes to be put into and forge It burns in stove, calcined phosphogypsum is made after being calcined 5 hours at 900 DEG C, wherein the addition of sodium sulphate is phosphogypsum powder 10%.
Wherein, the honeycomb coal ash is through supercooling, crushing, immersion and rinsed honeycomb coal ash.
Wherein, the preparation method of the modified zeolite is:Zeolite is crushed to 5 μm hereinafter, being 10% hydrogen with mass concentration Sodium hydroxide solution boils 30-40min, after drying be added be equivalent to Zeolites Zeolites weight 10-15% methyl glucosides ether and Be equivalent to the sodium cellulose glycolate of weight zeolite 3-5%, carry out high-speed stirred 50min, be filtered by vacuum after standing, and spend from Sub- water washing three times, obtains filter cake, and filter cake is dried, and is subsequently placed in Muffle furnace and is warming up to 600 with the speed program of 15 DEG C/min DEG C, constant temperature calcining 3-5h is cooling, obtains modified zeolite.
Wherein, one or more in the calcium activator ferrous sulfate, niter cake, alum, sodium dihydrogen phosphate Combination.
Wherein, the composite bacteria agent is made of Bifidobacterium, bacillus subtilis, EM bacterium and saccharomycete.
Wherein, the content of organic matter 42.76%, nitrogen content 3.22%, phosphorus pentoxide content in the compoiste fertilizer 3.23%, potassium oxide content 2.26%.
The present invention also provides the preparation methods of above-mentioned saline alkali soil conditioner, include the following steps:
(1) charcoal, citric acid waste, humic acid powder are dried, is crushed after drying, sieved with 100 mesh sieve, mixed Material;
(2) composite bacteria agent is added into step (1) mixture, adding water makes water content be about 30%, then into Row sealed fermenting ferments 15-20 days at 25 DEG C, obtains fermentation material;
(3) calcined phosphogypsum, honeycomb coal ash, modified zeolite, expanded perlite, polymeric aluminium ferrum silicate, diatomite are mixed, Again it is ground fully after sieve with 100 mesh sieve, then add calcium activator, compoiste fertilizer and step (2) fermentation material, be uniformly mixed Afterwards, it then puts into hardening and tempering furnace, progress vapor is quenched, so that material is entered in comminutor at a temperature of 90-100 DEG C and makes Grain;
(4) particle after granulation is dried, then crushes, obtains saline alkali soil conditioner.
Embodiment 5
The saline alkali soil conditioner of the present embodiment includes the component of following parts by weight:10 parts of charcoal, calcined phosphogypsum 50 Part, 22 parts of honeycomb coal ash, 9 parts of modified zeolite, 7 parts of expanded perlite, 7 parts of humic acid powder, 5 parts of citric acid waste, polymer aluminium silicate 4 parts of iron, 3.5 parts of diatomite, 1.3 parts of calcium activator, 0.5 part of composite bacteria agent, 6 parts of compoiste fertilizer.
Wherein, the charcoal is by rice hull carbon, straw charcoal and cow dung charcoal according to mass ratio 1:0.8:1.2 ratio is mixed It closes, ground fully rear 80-120 mesh of crossing sieves, and powder will be uniformly mixed again;Wherein, straw charcoal and cow dung charcoal are in 550 DEG C of anaerobism Cracking 30min is made, and rice hull carbon is the Litter that generates after straw power generation.
Wherein, the calcined phosphogypsum is to crush ardealite, be ground into powdery, and being added after sodium sulphate mixes to be put into and forge It burns in stove, calcined phosphogypsum is made after being calcined 5 hours at 900 DEG C, wherein the addition of sodium sulphate is phosphogypsum powder 10%.
Wherein, the honeycomb coal ash is through supercooling, crushing, immersion and rinsed honeycomb coal ash.
Wherein, the preparation method of the modified zeolite is:Zeolite is crushed to 5 μm hereinafter, being 10% hydrogen with mass concentration Sodium hydroxide solution boils 30-40min, after drying be added be equivalent to Zeolites Zeolites weight 10-15% methyl glucosides ether and Be equivalent to the sodium cellulose glycolate of weight zeolite 3-5%, carry out high-speed stirred 50min, be filtered by vacuum after standing, and spend from Sub- water washing three times, obtains filter cake, and filter cake is dried, and is subsequently placed in Muffle furnace and is warming up to 600 with the speed program of 15 DEG C/min DEG C, constant temperature calcining 3-5h is cooling, obtains modified zeolite.
Wherein, one or more in the calcium activator ferrous sulfate, niter cake, alum, sodium dihydrogen phosphate Combination.
Wherein, the composite bacteria agent is made of Bifidobacterium, bacillus subtilis, EM bacterium and saccharomycete.
Wherein, the content of organic matter 42.76%, nitrogen content 3.22%, phosphorus pentoxide content in the compoiste fertilizer 3.23%, potassium oxide content 2.26%.
The present invention also provides the preparation methods of above-mentioned saline alkali soil conditioner, include the following steps:
(1) charcoal, citric acid waste, humic acid powder are dried, is crushed after drying, sieved with 100 mesh sieve, mixed Material;
(2) composite bacteria agent is added into step (1) mixture, adding water makes water content be about 30%, then into Row sealed fermenting ferments 15-20 days at 25 DEG C, obtains fermentation material;
(3) calcined phosphogypsum, honeycomb coal ash, modified zeolite, expanded perlite, polymeric aluminium ferrum silicate, diatomite are mixed, Again it is ground fully after sieve with 100 mesh sieve, then add calcium activator, compoiste fertilizer and step (2) fermentation material, be uniformly mixed Afterwards, it then puts into hardening and tempering furnace, progress vapor is quenched, so that material is entered in comminutor at a temperature of 90-100 DEG C and makes Grain;
(4) particle after granulation is dried, then crushes, obtains saline alkali soil conditioner.
Comparative example 1
Using Chinese patent application document " saline alkali soil conditioner and preparation method thereof (application number: Saline alkali soil conditioner prepared by the method in CN200910176749.0) ".
Comparative example 2
A kind of Chinese patent application document " preparation method (application number of saline alkali soil conditioner: Saline alkali soil conditioner prepared by the method in CN200610010593.5) ".
Comparative example 3
In addition to using ardealite to replace the calcined phosphogypsum in embodiment, implemented with the same procedure with embodiment 1 Comparative example 3, obtains saline alkali soil conditioner.
Comparative example 4
(it is not modified processing) in addition to using zeolite to replace the modified zeolite in embodiment, with the phase with embodiment 1 Comparative example 4 is implemented with method, obtains saline alkali soil conditioner.
Comparative example 5
In addition to being not added with calcium activator, comparative example 5 is implemented with the same procedure with embodiment 1, obtains salt affected soil Conditioner.
Comparative example 6
In addition to being not added with composite bacteria agent and not carrying out fermentation process, implemented with the same procedure with embodiment 1 Comparative example 6, obtains saline alkali soil conditioner.
Test example
1, experimental field
Sample plot:The big peace area of West in Jilin Province, the wasteland newly opened up wasteland, soil salt content is in 1.2%-1.6%.
Material to be tested:Salt affected soil conditioning prepared by saline alkali soil conditioner, the comparative example 1-6 of 1-5 of the embodiment of the present invention Agent.
2. experimental design
Experimental field prepare:The soil of saline-alkali soil is chemically examined in advance.To ensure that general long-term cropping has certain growth (salt resistance ability of halophytes is generally in 0.4--0.6%) tests the salt content in plot in 1.2%-1.6%.Plot will be tested It is divided into 66.6m2Cell.
3. test process
The screening test of 3.1 modifying agents
If six control groups of comparative example 1-6 and five experimental groups of soil conditioner of the present invention, each experimental group is three times It repeats.
3.2 soil salt contents measure
Sampling:Before modifying agent application, with before the latter moon, vigorous period, harvest, after harvest the evaporation salification phase take for five times Soil sample.Per cell, fixed 3 points of " S " types sampling, plugs sign board.
Assay method:Conductance method.
The measurement of 3.3 soil physico-chemical properties
Sampling:Per cell, fixed 3 points of " S " types sampling, plugs sign board, before soil conditioner of the present invention application, with latter A month, soil sampling three times after crop harvest.
Soil weight assay method:Core cutter method.
Porosity determination method:Calculating method Jie 1-pb/ps.
4. test result
Influence of the 4.1 different modifying agents of application to soil salt content
Wherein, soil salt content relative reduction amount=(the modifying agent rear soil salt content of preceding soil salt content -) ÷ is used Preceding soil salt content.Since the plot for selecting salt content completely the same is impossible, even if different location contains in areal Salt amount also has different.Therefore, can only just there be comparativity with soil salt content relative reduction amount to weigh.The knot specifically tested Fruit is shown in Table 1.
Table 1 saline-alkali soil soil salt content (%) dynamic change
As shown in Table 1, it is higher than comparative example using the soil salt content relative reduction amount of the saline alkali soil conditioner of the present invention 1-6, and by comparative example 3-6 it is found that ardealite carries out calcination processing, zeolite is modified processing, adds calcium activator and answers The purpose for reducing soil salt content can be played by closing bacteria agent.
Influence of the saline alkali soil conditioner of 4.2 present invention to soil physico-chemical property
4.2.1 unit weight, porosity.
The saline alkali soil conditioner of 2 1-5 of embodiment of the present invention saline alkali soil conditioners of table and comparative example 1-6 hold soil The influence of weight, porosity.
Table 2
As shown in Table 2, saline alkali soil conditioner of the invention is excellent in terms of reducing the soil weight, increasing interstices of soil rate In comparative example 1-6, and comparative example 3-6 is it is found that ardealite carries out calcination processing, zeolite is modified processing, addition calcium activation Agent and composite bacteria agent can play the role of reducing the soil weight, increase interstices of soil rate.
4.3 soil organism, pH value, alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen, available phosphorus, effective potassium content
Table 3 is by the saline alkali soil conditioner of 1-5 of the embodiment of the present invention and the saline alkali soil conditioner of comparative example 1-6 The soil organism, pH value, alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen, available phosphorus, effective potassium content after improvement.
Table 3
Can be seen that saline alkali soil conditioner of the present invention from 3 test result of table can reduce the pH value of soil, and increasing soil has Machine matter alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen, available phosphorus, effective potassium content, and better than the saline alkali soil conditioner of the prior art, meanwhile, by comparative example 3-6 Test data be modified processing, addition calcium activator and composite bacteria agent it is found that ardealite carries out calcination processing, zeolite The pH value for reducing soil, the purpose for increasing soil organism alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen, available phosphorus, effective potassium content can be played.
The content of beary metal detection to dissociate in 4.4 soil
Table 4 is the salt affected soil conditioning by the saline alkali soil conditioner and comparative example 1-6 of the present embodiment 1-5 of the present invention The content of beary metal (mg/kg) to dissociate in soil after agent improvement.
Table 4
Saline alkali soil conditioner of the present invention is can be seen that from 4 test result of table can reduce effective heavy metal in soil contain Amount, and better than the saline alkali soil conditioner of the prior art, meanwhile, by the test data of comparative example 3-6 it is found that ardealite is forged Burning is handled, zeolite is modified processing, addition calcium activator and composite bacteria agent can play effective heavy metal in soil The effect of content.
In conclusion creative major embodiment the following aspects of the present invention:
(1) modifying agent of the invention has the advantages that the improvement saline-alkali soil time is short, quick, and can improve severe salt Alkaline earth.
(2) modifying agent of the invention can reduce saline-alkali soil pH, basicity, the soil weight, exchangeable sodium, improve saline-alkali soil Physicochemical property, meanwhile, after the modifying agent for applying the present invention, organic matter, alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen, available phosphorus, effective potassium in saline-alkali soil contain Amount is improved, and the nutrition condition of saline-alkali soil is significantly improved.
(3) present invention utilize calcined phosphogypsum and calcium activator itself acidic nature, in can occurring in saline-alkali soil with Reaction, to reduce rapidly soil pH, and ardealite is into crossing calcination processing, the increased activity of itself, in addition, in ardealite Calcium can effectively exchange the sodium adsorbed on soil colloid through calcium activator activation process, make the reduction of soil exchangeable sodium content, to Reduce the basicity of soil so that the strong basicity of soil is improved, and such soil colloid can form microaggregate so that salt The air-and water-permeable performance of alkaline earth is improved.
(4) honeycomb coal ash of the invention has preferable suction-operated, can reach the effect of retain water and nutrients, meanwhile, honeycomb Containing trace elements such as calcium, zinc, phosphorus, sodium, magnesium, copper, zinc, manganese in coal ash, solve the problems, such as that saline-alkali soil trace element is deficient.
(5) charcoal of the invention can increase the permeable breathable of saline-alkali soil so that saline-alkali soil becomes loose porous, simultaneously The organic matter and nutrient of soil can be increased.
(6) there is modified zeolite of the invention unique porous structure to make it have very strong suction-operated, can adsorb Salt in saline-alkali soil reduces the saline and alkaline degree of soil, meanwhile, there is stronger adsorption energy to free heavy metal ion in soil Power.
(7) present invention is by rice hull carbon, straw charcoal and the cow dung charcoal and citric acid waste, humic acid powder in charcoal Fermentation process is carried out, so that it is become fluffy and soft, while by the decomposition of composite bacteria agent, by the rice in charcoal Shell charcoal, straw charcoal and cow dung charcoal and citric acid waste, humic acid powder etc. are difficult to the substance being absorbed and utilized, and are converted into available nutrient, The fertility for improving soil reduces soil alkaline degree to effectively improve the structure of soil.
(8) preparation method of the invention is simple, easy to operate, is easy to produce in enormous quantities, by by each component of the present invention The advantages of can giving full play to each component with the saline-alkali soil conditioner obtained by said ratio and preparation method and each group divide it Between synergistic effect, especially improving soil water sorption soil moisture conservation, activation edaphon, increasing soil fertility and passivation There is significant cooperative synergism effect in terms of heavy metal.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, is not intended to restrict the invention, although with reference to aforementioned reality Applying example, invention is explained in detail, for those skilled in the art, still can be to aforementioned each implementation Technical solution recorded in example is modified or equivalent replacement of some of the technical features.All essences in the present invention With within principle, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and so on should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention god.

Claims (9)

1. a kind of saline alkali soil conditioner, which is characterized in that include the component of following parts by weight:9 parts of charcoal, calcined phosphogypsum 45 parts, 20 parts of honeycomb coal ash, 7 parts of modified zeolite, 6.5 parts of expanded perlite, 5.5 parts of humic acid powder, 4 parts of citric acid waste, polymerization 3 parts of aluminium iron silicate, 3 parts of diatomite, 1 part of calcium activator, 0.4 part of composite bacteria agent, 5 parts of compoiste fertilizer.
2. saline alkali soil conditioner according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the charcoal is by rice hull carbon, stalk Charcoal and cow dung charcoal are according to mass ratio 1:0.8:1.2 ratio mixing, ground fully rear 80-120 mesh of crossing are sieved, powder will be mixed again Uniformly.
3. saline alkali soil conditioner according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the straw charcoal is 550 with cow dung charcoal DEG C anaerobism cracking 30min is made, and the rice hull carbon is the Litter generated after straw power generation.
4. saline alkali soil conditioner according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the calcined phosphogypsum is by phosphogypsum powder It is broken, be ground into powdery, and be added sodium sulphate mixing after be put into calcining furnace, after calcine 5 hours at 900 DEG C be made calcine phosphorus stone Cream, wherein the addition of sodium sulphate is the 10% of phosphogypsum powder.
5. saline alkali soil conditioner according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the honeycomb coal ash is through supercooling, powder Broken, immersion and rinsed honeycomb coal ash.
6. saline alkali soil conditioner according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the preparation method of the modified zeolite is: By zeolite be crushed to 5 μm hereinafter, with mass concentration be 10% sodium hydroxide solution boil 30-40min, after drying be added be equivalent to The methyl glucosides ether of Zeolites Zeolites weight 10-15% and the sodium cellulose glycolate for being equivalent to weight zeolite 3-5% carry out High-speed stirred 50min is filtered by vacuum after standing, and is washed with deionized three times, obtains filter cake, filter cake is dried, be subsequently placed in 600 DEG C, constant temperature calcining 3-5h are warming up to the speed program of 15 DEG C/min in Muffle furnace, cooling obtains modified zeolite.
7. saline alkali soil conditioner according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the calcium activator ferrous sulfate, sulfuric acid One or more combinations in hydrogen sodium, alum, sodium dihydrogen phosphate.
8. saline alkali soil conditioner according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the composite bacteria agent is by bifid bar Bacterium, bacillus subtilis, EM bacterium and saccharomycete composition.
9. saline alkali soil conditioner according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the content of organic matter in the compoiste fertilizer 42.76%, nitrogen content 3.22%, phosphorus pentoxide content 3.23%, potassium oxide content 2.26%.
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CN110157449A (en) * 2019-06-03 2019-08-23 阜阳师范学院 A method of it improving biomass carbon and improves salt affected soil
CN110463397A (en) * 2019-08-26 2019-11-19 上海市园林科学规划研究院 A method of ground soil aggregate structure is moved using wet refuse quick improvement
CN111234837A (en) * 2020-03-20 2020-06-05 潍坊科技学院 Saline-alkali soil repairing agent and repairing method
CN111348969A (en) * 2020-03-18 2020-06-30 吉林省林业科学研究院 Soil remediation agent and preparation method thereof
CN111440616A (en) * 2020-04-27 2020-07-24 徐州生物工程职业技术学院 Saline-alkali soil conditioner and preparation method thereof
CN112852437A (en) * 2021-01-15 2021-05-28 江苏福砳生物环保科技有限公司 Conditioner for improving saline-alkali soil by zeolite mixture and preparation method thereof
CN113583682A (en) * 2020-08-26 2021-11-02 中国科学院华南植物园 Alkali-controlling conditioner for reducing alkalinity of coral sand and application thereof
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CN110463397A (en) * 2019-08-26 2019-11-19 上海市园林科学规划研究院 A method of ground soil aggregate structure is moved using wet refuse quick improvement
CN111348969A (en) * 2020-03-18 2020-06-30 吉林省林业科学研究院 Soil remediation agent and preparation method thereof
CN111234837A (en) * 2020-03-20 2020-06-05 潍坊科技学院 Saline-alkali soil repairing agent and repairing method
CN111440616A (en) * 2020-04-27 2020-07-24 徐州生物工程职业技术学院 Saline-alkali soil conditioner and preparation method thereof
CN113583682A (en) * 2020-08-26 2021-11-02 中国科学院华南植物园 Alkali-controlling conditioner for reducing alkalinity of coral sand and application thereof
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CN113789180A (en) * 2021-10-21 2021-12-14 世纪云天(黑龙江)化学有限公司 Soil conditioner for improving saline-alkali soil
CN114032103A (en) * 2021-11-03 2022-02-11 贵州省化工研究院 Method for preparing soil conditioner by high-temperature calcination of phosphogypsum serving as raw material
CN114342775A (en) * 2022-01-25 2022-04-15 江西省农业科学院土壤肥料与资源环境研究所 Rice seedling raising matrix capable of reducing cadmium content of rice and preparation method and application thereof
CN114574214A (en) * 2022-03-14 2022-06-03 北京中力信达环境技术有限公司 Artificial magnetic soil and preparation method and application thereof
CN115322793A (en) * 2022-09-21 2022-11-11 山东省农业科学院 Saline-alkali soil conditioner capable of increasing soil organic matters and preparation method thereof
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