CN115433587A - Soil loss prevention and control agent and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Soil loss prevention and control agent and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN115433587A CN115433587A CN202211271968.9A CN202211271968A CN115433587A CN 115433587 A CN115433587 A CN 115433587A CN 202211271968 A CN202211271968 A CN 202211271968A CN 115433587 A CN115433587 A CN 115433587A
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- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 123
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 61
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 229920002401 polyacrylamide Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 244000063299 Bacillus subtilis Species 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 235000014469 Bacillus subtilis Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 241000223260 Trichoderma harzianum Species 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- PASHVRUKOFIRIK-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium sulfate dihydrate Chemical compound O.O.[Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PASHVRUKOFIRIK-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 229910000278 bentonite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 239000000440 bentonite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N bentoquatam Chemical compound O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 244000017020 Ipomoea batatas Species 0.000 claims description 14
- 235000002678 Ipomoea batatas Nutrition 0.000 claims description 14
- 229920001592 potato starch Polymers 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000010564 aerobic fermentation Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000004162 soil erosion Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000008635 plant growth Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 45
- 239000012615 aggregate Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 description 7
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 6
- 241000209082 Lolium Species 0.000 description 6
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000035558 fertility Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 2
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002688 soil aggregate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 240000004296 Lolium perenne Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005341 cation exchange Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035784 germination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005067 remediation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 1
- 244000000000 soil microbiome Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K17/00—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials
- C09K17/40—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials containing mixtures of inorganic and organic compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2101/00—Agricultural use
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of soil improvement, and particularly relates to a soil loss prevention and control agent, and a preparation method and application thereof. The soil loss control agent provided by the invention takes starch, polyacrylamide, cow dung, wormcast, phosphogypsum, bentonite, bacillus subtilis and trichoderma harzianum as raw materials, and by limiting the dosage of each raw material, the soil volume weight can be obviously reduced, the soil pore structure is enhanced, the proportion of large aggregates is improved, the soil water holding capacity is improved, the water and soil loss is reduced, the soil loss control agent is particularly suitable for improving the soil in a stony desertification area, the survival rate of plants planted in the soil in the stony desertification area is obviously improved, the plant growth is promoted, the soil protection benefit of the stony desertification area is improved, and the treatment period of the stony desertification is shortened.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of soil improvement, and particularly relates to a soil loss prevention and control agent, and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
Stony desertification, also called rocky desertification, refers to the phenomena of surface soil loss, matrix bare, land loss of agricultural utilization value and ecological environment degradation caused by water and soil loss. According to the national forestry and grassland Bureau of Chinese & karst area stony desertification status bulletin, it is shown that by 2016 years, the total area of stony desertification land in China is 1007 million hectares, the area of potential stony desertification land is 1466.9 million hectares, and 8 provinces in China face the stony desertification problem.
The stony desertification not only causes waste of water and soil resources, but also causes natural disasters such as torrential flood, landslide, debris flow and the like, causes reduction of land productivity, causes poverty occurrence, and threatens human survival and development. Under the flushing of long-term strong rainfall, the volume weight of soil in the stony desertification area is increased, the porosity is reduced, the water holding capacity is reduced, the aggregate structure is damaged, and rainfall is infiltrated rapidly through the preferential flow of the rock-soil interface to cause water and soil loss. At present, the mode of reducing soil loss by vegetation coverage is mainly adopted for soil remediation in rocky desertification regions, but the problems of low vegetation survival rate, slow soil recovery and long treatment period often exist in severe rocky desertification regions.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the defects of the prior art and provide a soil loss control agent, which can improve the soil structure of a stony desertification area, improve the soil fertility, reduce water and soil loss, promote vegetation growth and shorten the stony desertification control period.
The invention provides a soil loss prevention and control agent which comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass:
10 to 20 parts of starch, 10 to 20 parts of polyacrylamide, 5 to 10 parts of cow dung, 5 to 10 parts of wormcast, 5 to 10 parts of phosphogypsum, 5 to 10 parts of bentonite, 0.3 to 0.7 part of bacillus subtilis and 0.3 to 1 part of trichoderma harzianum.
Preferably, the feed comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass:
10 parts of starch, 10 parts of polyacrylamide, 10 parts of cow dung, 5 parts of wormcast, 5 parts of phosphogypsum, 5 parts of bentonite, 0.3 part of bacillus subtilis and 0.3 part of trichoderma harzianum;
or 20 parts of starch, 20 parts of polyacrylamide, 10 parts of cow dung, 10 parts of wormcast, 10 parts of phosphogypsum, 10 parts of bentonite, 0.7 part of bacillus subtilis and 1 part of trichoderma harzianum;
or 15 parts of starch, 15 parts of polyacrylamide, 10 parts of cow dung, 10 parts of wormcast, 5 parts of phosphogypsum, 5 parts of bentonite, 0.5 part of bacillus subtilis and 0.5 part of trichoderma harzianum.
Preferably, the raw materials further comprise 30-40 parts of water.
Preferably, the molecular weight of the polyacrylamide is 800-1500 ten thousand; the starch comprises sweet potato starch.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the soil loss prevention and control agent in the technical scheme, which comprises the following steps
Firstly mixing the cow dung, the wormcast, the phosphogypsum, the trichoderma harzianum, the starch and the water, and fermenting to obtain a fermented product;
and secondly, mixing the fermentation product with polyacrylamide, bentonite and bacillus subtilis to obtain the soil loss control agent.
Preferably, the fermentation comprises aerobic fermentation; the fermentation time is 30-40 days, and the temperature is 20-60 ℃.
Preferably, during the fermentation, the pile is turned every 5 to 7 days.
Preferably, the temperature of the second mixing is 20 to 60 ℃.
The invention also provides application of the soil loss prevention and control agent in the technical scheme in one or more of soil improvement, slope farmland water and soil loss treatment and engineering slope protection in the stony desertification region.
Has the beneficial effects that:
the invention provides a soil loss prevention and control agent which comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 10 to 20 parts of starch, 10 to 20 parts of polyacrylamide, 5 to 10 parts of cow dung, 5 to 10 parts of wormcast, 5 to 10 parts of phosphogypsum, 5 to 10 parts of bentonite, 0.3 to 0.7 part of bacillus subtilis and 0.3 to 1 part of trichoderma harzianum. The soil loss control agent takes starch, polyacrylamide, cow dung, wormcast, phosphogypsum, bentonite, bacillus subtilis and trichoderma harzianum as raw materials, can obviously reduce the volume weight of soil, strengthen the pore structure of the soil, improve the proportion of large aggregates, improve the water holding capacity of the soil and reduce the water and soil loss by limiting the using amount of each raw material, is especially suitable for improving the soil in stony desertification areas, obviously improves the survival rate of plants planted in the soil in the stony desertification areas, promotes the growth of the plants, improves the soil protection benefit in the stony desertification areas, and shortens the control period of the stony desertification
Furthermore, the soil loss prevention and control agent disclosed by the invention is simple in preparation process, cheap and easily available in raw materials, low in production cost and suitable for large-scale industrial production.
Detailed Description
The invention provides a soil loss prevention and control agent which comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass:
10 to 20 portions of starch, 10 to 20 portions of polyacrylamide, 5 to 10 portions of cow dung, 5 to 10 portions of wormcast, 5 to 10 portions of phosphogypsum, 5 to 10 portions of bentonite, 0.3 to 0.7 portion of bacillus subtilis and 0.3 to 1 portion of trichoderma harzianum.
The raw materials of the soil loss prevention and control agent comprise, by mass, 10-20 parts of starch, preferably 15-20 parts of starch, and more preferably 15 parts of starch. In the present invention, the starch preferably includes sweet potato starch. The starch of the invention promotes the formation of soil macro-aggregates and maintains the stable structure of the aggregates.
The raw material of the soil loss prevention and control agent comprises 10-20 parts of polyacrylamide by mass, preferably 10 or 20 parts of the polyacrylamide by mass. In the present invention, the molecular weight of the polyacrylamide is preferably 800 to 1500 ten thousand, and more preferably 800 ten thousand. The polyacrylamide provided by the invention can absorb and maintain soil moisture, and reduce moisture loss.
The raw materials of the soil loss prevention and control agent comprise 5-10 parts of cow dung, preferably 10 parts of the cow dung based on the mass part of the starch. The cow dung disclosed by the invention can increase the crude fiber of soil, reduce the volume weight of the soil and improve the porosity of the soil.
Based on the mass part of the starch, the raw material of the soil loss prevention and control agent comprises 5-10 parts of wormcast, preferably 5 parts or 10 parts. The wormcast can improve the microbial activity of soil.
The raw materials of the soil loss prevention and control agent comprise 5-10 parts of phosphogypsum, preferably 5 or 10 parts of phosphogypsum by mass. The phosphogypsum can improve the content of soil aggregates and increase the soil aggregates.
The raw materials of the soil loss control agent comprise 5-10 parts of bentonite, preferably 5 parts or 10 parts of bentonite based on the mass part of the starch. The bentonite provided by the invention can improve the cation exchange capacity of soil and enhance the fertilizer retention capacity.
Based on the mass part of the starch, the raw materials of the soil loss prevention and control agent comprise 0.3-0.7 part of bacillus subtilis, and preferably 0.3-0.5 part of bacillus subtilis. In the invention, the number of effective viable bacteria in the bacillus subtilis is preferably 200 hundred million to 300 hundred million cfu/g, more preferably 220 hundred million to 280 hundred million cfu/g, and even more preferably 250 hundred million cfu/g. The bacillus subtilis can improve the quantity of soil bacteria, enhance the soil biological fertility and promote the growth of plants.
Based on the mass part of the starch, the raw materials of the soil loss control agent comprise 0.3-1 part of trichoderma harzianum, and preferably 0.3-0.5 part. In the present invention, the number of viable bacteria in Trichoderma harzianum is preferably 3 to 10 hundred million cfu/g, more preferably 5 to 8 hundred million cfu/g, and still more preferably 6 hundred million cfu/g. The trichoderma harzianum provided by the invention can improve fermentation efficiency and inhibit growth of harmful microorganisms.
The raw materials of the soil loss control agent of the present invention preferably include 30 to 40 parts by mass of water, and more preferably 30 or 40 parts by mass of starch.
The resistance control agent disclosed by the invention takes starch, polyacrylamide, cow dung, wormcast, phosphogypsum, bentonite, bacillus subtilis and trichoderma harzianum as raw materials, and by limiting the dosage of each raw material, the volume weight of soil can be obviously reduced, the pore structure of the soil is enhanced, the proportion of large aggregates is improved, the water holding capacity of the soil is improved, the water loss and soil erosion are reduced, and the resistance control agent is particularly suitable for improving the soil in a stony desertification region and shortening the treatment period of the stony desertification.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the soil loss prevention and control agent in the technical scheme, which comprises the following steps:
firstly mixing the cow dung, the wormcast, the phosphogypsum, the trichoderma harzianum, the starch and the water, and fermenting to obtain a fermented product;
and secondly, mixing the fermentation product with polyacrylamide, bentonite and bacillus subtilis to obtain the soil loss control agent.
The cow dung, the wormcast, the phosphogypsum, the trichoderma harzianum, the starch and the water are firstly mixed and fermented to obtain the fermentation product. In the present invention, the fermentation preferably comprises aerobic fermentation; the fermentation temperature is preferably 20-60 ℃, and more preferably 30 ℃; the fermentation time is preferably 30 to 40 days, and more preferably 30 or 40 days. After the cow dung, the wormcast, the phosphogypsum, the trichoderma harzianum, the starch and the water are firstly mixed, preferably stacking the first mixture to obtain a stack; the stack is preferably triangular or trapezoidal; the height of the stack is preferably 1.0 to 2.0m, more preferably 1.5m; the width of the stack is preferably 4 to 6m, more preferably 5m. In the fermentation process, the pile is turned preferably once every 5 to 7 days. The fermentation of the invention can reduce material loss, maintain microbial activity and improve fermentation efficiency. The first mixing mode is not strictly required in the specific implementation process of the invention, and the conventional operation is only required.
After the fermentation is finished, the method preferably comprises the steps of drying, crushing and sieving to obtain the fermented product. The invention has no strict requirement on the drying mode, and the conventional drying mode is adopted. The water content of the dried substance obtained by drying is preferably 3-5%. The invention has no strict requirement on the crushing mode, and the conventional crushing mode is adopted. The screening according to the invention preferably comprises screening through a 5-10 mesh screen.
After the fermented product is obtained, the fermented product is mixed with polyacrylamide, bentonite and bacillus subtilis for the second time to obtain the soil loss control agent. The soil loss prevention and control agent is preferably granulated to obtain a granular soil loss prevention and control agent, and the particle size is preferably 2-4 mm. The second mixing and granulating mode is not strictly required, and the conventional operation is only required.
The preparation method provided by the invention is simple in preparation process, low in production cost and suitable for large-scale industrial production, and the bacillus subtilis and the fermentation product are directly mixed in the preparation process, so that the microorganisms are supplemented to soil, and the bacillus subtilis is fully utilized.
The invention also provides the application of the soil loss prevention and control agent in the technical scheme in one or more of soil improvement, slope farmland water and soil loss treatment and engineering slope protection in the stony desertification area, preferably the application in the soil improvement stony desertification area. The soil loss control agent provided by the invention can reduce the volume weight of soil, enhance the pore structure of the soil, improve the proportion of macro aggregates, improve the water holding capacity of the soil and reduce the water and soil loss, and is particularly suitable for improving the soil in light and medium rocky desertification areas and shortening the control period of the rocky desertification.
In order to further illustrate the present invention, the soil loss control agent provided by the present invention, its preparation method and application are described in detail in the following examples, which should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
Soil loss prevention and control agent
(1) Preparing the following materials in parts by mass: 10 parts of sweet potato starch, 10 parts of Polyacrylamide (PAM) with the molecular weight of 800 ten thousand, 10 parts of cow dung, 5 parts of wormcast, 5 parts of phosphogypsum, 5 parts of bentonite, 0.3 part of bacillus subtilis, 0.3 part of trichoderma harzianum and 30 parts of water.
Specifically, 1000kg of sweet potato starch, 1000kg of Polyacrylamide (PAM) with the molecular weight of 800 ten thousand, 1000kg of cow dung, 500kg of wormcast, 500kg of phosphogypsum, 500kg of bentonite, 30kg of bacillus subtilis, 30kg of trichoderma harzianum and 3000kg of water, wherein the number of effective viable bacteria in the trichoderma harzianum is 3 hundred million/g, and the number of effective viable bacteria in the bacillus subtilis is 200 hundred million/g.
(2) The preparation method comprises the following steps:
fully mixing cow dung, wormcast, phosphogypsum, trichoderma harzianum, sweet potato starch and water, stacking the materials in a triangular shape, wherein the height of the materials is 1.0-2.0 meters, the width of the materials is 4-6 meters, turning the materials once every 5-7 days after stacking, stopping turning the materials after aerobic fermentation for 30 days, crushing the materials after fermentation, sieving the materials by a sieve of 5-10 meshes, mixing and stirring the materials uniformly with polyacrylamide, bentonite and bacillus subtilis with the molecular weight of 800 ten thousand at room temperature, and granulating the mixture for 2-4 mm to obtain the soil loss control agent.
Example 2
Soil loss prevention and control agent
(1) Preparing the following materials in parts by mass: 20 parts of sweet potato starch, 20 parts of Polyacrylamide (PAM) with the molecular weight of 800 ten thousand, 10 parts of cow dung, 10 parts of wormcast, 10 parts of phosphogypsum, 10 parts of bentonite, 0.7 part of bacillus subtilis, 1 part of trichoderma harzianum and 40 parts of water.
Specifically, 2000kg of sweet potato starch, 2000kg of Polyacrylamide (PAM) with the molecular weight of 800 ten thousand, 1000kg of cow dung, 1000kg of wormcast, 1000kg of phosphogypsum, 1000kg of bentonite, 70kg of bacillus subtilis, 100kg of trichoderma harzianum and 4000kg of water, wherein the effective viable count in the trichoderma harzianum is 10 hundred million/g, and the effective viable count in the bacillus subtilis is 300 hundred million/g.
(2) The preparation method comprises the following steps:
the difference from example 1 is that the pile-turning was stopped after 40 days of aerobic fermentation.
Example 3
Soil loss prevention and control agent
(1) Preparing the following materials in parts by mass: 15 parts of sweet potato starch, 15 parts of Polyacrylamide (PAM) with the molecular weight of 800 ten thousand, 10 parts of cow dung, 10 parts of wormcast, 5 parts of phosphogypsum, 5 parts of bentonite, 0.5 part of bacillus subtilis, 0.5 part of trichoderma harzianum and 40 parts of water.
Specifically, 1500kg of sweet potato starch, 1500kg of Polyacrylamide (PAM) with the molecular weight of 800 ten thousand, 1000kg of cow dung, 1000kg of wormcast, 500kg of phosphogypsum, 500kg of bentonite, 50kg of bacillus subtilis, 50kg of trichoderma harzianum and 4000kg of water, wherein the number of effective viable bacteria in the trichoderma harzianum is 5 hundred million/g, and the number of effective viable bacteria in the bacillus subtilis is 250 hundred million/g.
(2) The preparation method comprises the following steps:
the same as in example 1.
Comparative example 1
Soil loss prevention and control agent
(1) Preparing the following materials in parts by mass: the difference from example 1 is that no Polyacrylamide (PAM) is added.
(2) The preparation method comprises the following steps:
fully mixing cow dung, wormcast, phosphogypsum, trichoderma harzianum, sweet potato starch and water, stacking the materials in a triangular shape, wherein the height of the materials is 1.0-2.0 meters, the width of the materials is 4-6 meters, turning the materials once every 5-7 days after stacking, stopping turning the materials after aerobic fermentation for 30 days, crushing the materials after fermentation, sieving the materials by a sieve of 5-10 meshes, mixing and stirring the materials with bentonite and bacillus subtilis uniformly at room temperature, and granulating the materials for 2-4 mm to obtain the soil loss control agent.
Comparative example 2
Soil loss prevention and control agent
(1) Preparing the following materials in parts by mass: the difference from example 1 is that no cow dung, wormcast and sweet potato starch are added.
(2) The preparation method comprises the following steps:
fully mixing phosphogypsum, trichoderma harzianum and water, stacking the materials in a trapezoid shape, wherein the height is 1.0-2.0 meters, the width is 4-6 meters, turning the piles once every 5-7 days after stacking, stopping turning the piles after aerobic fermentation is carried out for 30 days, crushing the materials after the fermentation is finished, sieving the materials by a sieve of 5-10 meshes, mixing and stirring the materials uniformly with polyacrylamide, bentonite and bacillus subtilis with the molecular weight of 800 ten thousand at room temperature, and granulating the materials by 2-4 mm to obtain the soil loss control agent.
Comparative example 3
Soil loss prevention and control agent
(1) Preparing the following materials in parts by mass: the difference from example 1 is that Bacillus subtilis and Trichoderma harzianum were not added.
(2) The preparation method comprises the following steps:
fully mixing cow dung, wormcast, phosphogypsum, sweet potato starch and water, stacking the materials in a trapezoid shape, wherein the height of the materials is 1.0-2.0 meters, the width of the materials is 4-6 meters, turning the piles once every 5-7 days after stacking, stopping turning the piles after aerobic fermentation is carried out for 30 days, crushing the materials after fermentation is finished, sieving the materials with a 5-10-mesh sieve, mixing and stirring the materials with polyacrylamide and bentonite with the molecular weight of 800 ten thousand uniformly at room temperature, and granulating the materials for 2-4 mm to obtain the soil loss control agent.
Comparative example 4
Soil loss prevention and control agent
(1) Preparing the following materials in parts by mass: the difference from example 1 is that no phosphogypsum, bentonite, is added.
(2) The preparation method comprises the following steps:
fully mixing cow dung, wormcast, trichoderma harzianum, sweet potato starch and water, stacking the materials in a triangular shape, wherein the height of the materials is 1.0-2.0 meters, the width of the materials is 4-6 meters, turning the materials once every 5-7 days after stacking, stopping turning the materials after aerobic fermentation for 30 days, crushing the materials after the fermentation is finished, sieving the materials by a 5-10-mesh sieve, mixing and stirring the materials uniformly with polyacrylamide with the molecular weight of 800 ten thousand and bacillus subtilis at room temperature, and granulating the mixture for 2-4 mm to obtain the soil loss control agent.
Test example 1
The soil loss prevention and control agents prepared in the examples 1 to 3 and the comparative examples 1 to 3 are used for testing the rocky desertification soil of the white rock town of Pudingcounty, anshun, guizhou province, and the original soil without the application of the prevention and control agent is used as a reference, and the specific steps are as follows:
(1) Ploughing the stony desertification soil for 9 months, wherein the ploughing depth is 15cm;
(2) Adding a soil loss prevention and control agent with the dosage of 200kg per mu, uniformly digging, ploughing and uniformly mixing to achieve the effect of uniformly applying the soil of the whole plough layer, and treating for 30 days;
(3) And (3) after 30 days of treatment in the step (2), bunch planting ryegrass in soil, wherein the seeding amount per mu is 3kg, watering is carried out on the soil in a proper amount to ensure the germination and growth of the ryegrass, and then field management is carried out according to a conventional mode.
After 180d of treatment in the step (2), measuring the following indexes of the stony desertification soil before and after the application of the resistance control agent to evaluate the application effect, wherein the volume weight of the soil is tested according to the standard NY/T1121.4-2006, the porosity and the field water holding capacity of the soil are tested according to the standard LYT 1215-1999, and the soil is subjected to the treatment of the soil>The 0.25mm water stable macro aggregates were tested by wet sieving method, and each treatment was randomly sampled 3 times for testing, and the results are shown in table 1 below. Sowing ryegrass for 5 months, and then adopting 1m 2 The yield of ryegrass was measured by the sample recipe, and the number of ryegrass plants and the yield were investigated, and the results are shown in table 2.
TABLE 1 improvement results of physical properties of soil in rocky desertification region by control agent
TABLE 2 Effect of the control Agents on the growth of Lolium Perenne in rocky desertification areas
As can be seen from tables 1 and 2, the soil loss prevention and control agent provided by the invention can obviously reduce the volume weight of soil, increase the total porosity and field water capacity of the soil, increase the number of large aggregates and improve the soil structure; remarkably promotes the survival rate of the ryegrass and the growth of plants, and is beneficial to improving the soil protection benefit of the stony desertification area.
Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, it is only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments, and other embodiments can be obtained without inventive step according to the embodiments, and the embodiments are within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. The soil loss prevention and control agent is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts by mass:
10 to 20 parts of starch, 10 to 20 parts of polyacrylamide, 5 to 10 parts of cow dung, 5 to 10 parts of wormcast, 5 to 10 parts of phosphogypsum, 5 to 10 parts of bentonite, 0.3 to 0.7 part of bacillus subtilis and 0.3 to 1 part of trichoderma harzianum.
2. The soil loss prevention and control agent according to claim 1, comprising the following raw materials in parts by mass:
10 parts of starch, 10 parts of polyacrylamide, 10 parts of cow dung, 5 parts of wormcast, 5 parts of phosphogypsum, 5 parts of bentonite, 0.3 part of bacillus subtilis and 0.3 part of trichoderma harzianum;
or 20 parts of starch, 20 parts of polyacrylamide, 10 parts of cow dung, 10 parts of wormcast, 10 parts of phosphogypsum, 10 parts of bentonite, 0.7 part of bacillus subtilis and 1 part of trichoderma harzianum;
or 15 parts of starch, 15 parts of polyacrylamide, 10 parts of cow dung, 10 parts of wormcast, 5 parts of phosphogypsum, 5 parts of bentonite, 0.5 part of bacillus subtilis and 0.5 part of trichoderma harzianum.
3. The soil erosion prevention and control agent according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the raw material further comprises 30 to 40 parts of water.
4. The soil loss control agent according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the polyacrylamide has a molecular weight of 800 to 1500 ten thousand; the starch comprises sweet potato starch.
5. The method for preparing a soil loss control agent according to any one of claims 1 to 4, comprising the steps of
Firstly mixing the cow dung, the wormcast, the phosphogypsum, the trichoderma harzianum, the starch and the water, and fermenting to obtain a fermented substance;
and secondly, mixing the fermentation product with polyacrylamide, bentonite and bacillus subtilis to obtain the soil loss control agent.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein the fermentation comprises aerobic fermentation; the fermentation time is 30-40 days, and the temperature is 20-60 ℃.
7. The method according to claim 5 or 6, wherein the fermentation is carried out by turning the pile every 5 to 7 days.
8. The method of claim 5, wherein the temperature of the second mixing is 20 to 60 ℃.
9. The use of the soil loss prevention and control agent according to any one of claims 1 to 4 or the soil loss prevention and control agent obtained by the preparation method according to any one of claims 5 to 9 in one or more of soil improvement, slope farmland water and soil loss treatment and engineering slope protection in stony desertification areas.
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