CN105123010A - Method for improving saline-alkali soil through ardealite, slow-release binder, straw and biological bacteria - Google Patents
Method for improving saline-alkali soil through ardealite, slow-release binder, straw and biological bacteria Download PDFInfo
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- CN105123010A CN105123010A CN201510536092.XA CN201510536092A CN105123010A CN 105123010 A CN105123010 A CN 105123010A CN 201510536092 A CN201510536092 A CN 201510536092A CN 105123010 A CN105123010 A CN 105123010A
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- ardealite
- sustained
- release adhesive
- biological bacteria
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for improving saline-alkali soil through ardealite, a slow-release binder, straw and biological bacteria. The method includes the steps that first, the ardealite is used for treatment; then the slow-release binder is used for treatment; finally, a material mixed by the straw and the biological bacteria is used for treatment. By the adoption of the method for improving the saline-alkali soil, the saline-alkali soil can be improved quickly and is made to be suitable for growth of crops; besides, the application range of the modifying agent is wide, the modifying agent is suitable for improvement of soil alkalization in different areas and for different reasons, the modifying agent can be applied to the soil reasonably, and the soil structure can be improved; the soil alkalinity is lowered, the salt elimination rate of the soil is increased, the soil fertility is improved, the growth of the crops is promoted, and agricultural economy is improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to saline land processing technology field, particularly relate to the method in a kind of ardealite, sustained-release adhesive, stalk and biological bacteria improvement saline land.
Background technology
Saline land is the general name of solonchak and alkaline earth and various salinization, alkali-affected soil.Solonchak refers to that in soil, soluble organic fraction content acquires a certain degree, and can produce the great soil group of obviously harm to the g and D of plant.Alkaline earth refers to that quantity reaches the degree that can endanger plant growth and growth containing a large amount of exchangeability ion in soil, and the soil that soil property is changed.In actual state, solonchak and alkaline earth often exist in a mixed way jointly, are referred to as saline land.
Saline land is important land resources, and it is a kind of soil types of extensively distribution on the earth.About nearly 1,000,000,000 hectares of whole world saline soil area, China's Resource of Saline Soil is distributed widely in 17 provinces and regions based on the north, the main integrated distribution region of northwest, northeast, North China and coastal Deng Shi China saline soil, the gross area reaches more than 500,000,000 mus, and account for that the whole nation can utilize land area nearly 5%.The wherein gross area in Coastal beach saline land about 2,350,000 hm
2, and now annual still with 2-3 ten thousand hm
2speed become silted up rise.Saline land control and exploitation are the problems that irrigated area agricultural development can not be ignored, and for promotion agricultural sustainable development, Ensuring Food Safety has important function.
The Method and Technology in domestic process saline land is summed up roughly as follows: (1) is physically improved; Level land, deep plough sun the earth which has been ploughed up, loosen the soil in time, raise landform, microcell is improved the soil.(2) water conservancy improvement.Fill with deploying cover, storage fresh water on saline-alkali land for leaching, washing salinity by irrigation, underground salt discharge.(3) chemical modifying; The chemical agents such as ardealite, superphosphate, fulvic acid are used to improve.(4) biological modification; Rice cultivation, plantation salt-tolerant plant Tian Qing etc., use microbial-bacterial fertilizer etc.At present, the soil conditioner of soil salinization chemical harnessing is more, as gypsum, calcium sulphate, superphosphate, trade waste ardealite, industrial waste acid, fertilizer, detritus acid, flyash, peat, fermentation acid-sludge etc., these all achieve certain effect to improvement saline land, relatively more conventional is fertilizer, gypsum, and wherein gypsum is with Ca
2+displacement Na
+and improved saline land by sour neutralization bases; But the restriction be subject to as complex manufacturing, poor processing effect and some other condition can not obtain large-area popularization.
Summary of the invention
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the invention provides the method in a kind of ardealite, sustained-release adhesive, stalk and biological bacteria improvement saline land.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical programs.
The method in a kind of ardealite provided by the invention, sustained-release adhesive, stalk and biological bacteria improvement saline land, comprises the following steps:
(1) ardealite is sprinkling upon saline and alkaline the earth's surface equably, and the 20cm that deep ploughs, ardealite is mixed with soil layer, keeps 10 ~ 20 days;
(2) then sustained-release adhesive is sprinkling upon saline and alkaline the earth's surface equably, and the 20cm that deep ploughs, sustained-release adhesive is mixed with soil layer, keeps 5 ~ 10 days;
(3) by the mixed processing of stalk and biological bacteria, the material A obtained is sprinkling upon saline and alkaline the earth's surface equably, and the 20cm that deep ploughs, make material mix with soil layer all with, and keep 20 ~ 30 days;
In above-mentioned, the consumption of ardealite is 200 ~ 1200kg/ mu; Sustained-release adhesive 20 ~ 120kg/ mu, material A 50 ~ 400kg/ mu.
Further, described sustained-release adhesive is the raw material composition of following weight portion: macromolecular substances 20 ~ 40 parts, 1 ~ 4 part, zinc sulphate, polyethylene glycol 1 ~ 4 part, wherein:
Above-mentioned macromolecular substances structural formula is: H-[OCH
2nHCONHCH
2] n-OH, wherein 2≤n≤10; And:
Above-mentioned all raw materials are deposited all separately, mix in use.
Further, the making step of described material A is: shattered by stalk, then adds animal wastes and biological bacteria, sealed fermenting 20 ~ 30 days;
In above-mentioned, mixed proportion is that stalk shatters: animal wastes: biological bacteria=100:(10 ~ 20): (1 ~ 5).
Further, biological bacteria be at least one in bacillus subtilis, salt tolerant Azospirillum brasilense, S. cervisiae, trichoderma reesei, the viable count in often kind of biological bacteria is content is 1 × 10
3 ~ 4more than cfu/g.
Further, described step (2) is after adding sustained-release adhesive, and spray clear water, the saline land making 20cm dark is moistening.
Further, the consumption of various material of the present invention is determined according to different saline lands, is specially:
In slight alkaline land, the consumption of ardealite is 200 ~ 600kg/ mu, sustained-release adhesive 20 ~ 60kg/ mu, material A 50 ~ 150kg/ mu;
In moderate saline-alkali soil, the consumption of ardealite is 600 ~ 900kg/ mu; Sustained-release adhesive 60 ~ 90kg/ mu, material A 150 ~ 300kg/ mu;
In heavy salinized ground, the consumption of ardealite is 900 ~ 1200kg/ mu; Sustained-release adhesive 90 ~ 120kg/ mu, material A 300 ~ 400kg/ mu.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is:
1), in this method, ardealite is aobvious acid, and it can neutralize with the saline land of aobvious alkalescence, effectively can reduce the pH value in saline land;
2) contained in ardealite calcium ion can with carbonate in saline land and bicarbonate radical generation chemical reaction, generate calcium carbonate and calcium bicarbonate, wherein calcium carbonate is water insoluble, calcium bicarbonate is slightly soluble in water, the character of calcium carbonate and calcium bicarbonate can impel Zinc fractions granular structure, and its granular structure can wrapping portion sodium ion, promotes desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching speed, reduce the bulk density of soil simultaneously, increase soil water permeability;
3) macromolecular substances of sustained-release adhesive is line-like structures, it has binding agent effect, the granular structure formed is reacted in ardealite and saline land, after interpolation sustained-release adhesive, sustained-release adhesive can promote the formation of granular structure, and sustained-release adhesive can fill up the vacancy position in the granular structure of calcium carbonate and calcium bicarbonate formation simultaneously, makes granular structure inside and outside portion relative insulation, reduce the sodium ion of mobility in soil, promote desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching speed;
4) sustained-release adhesive can slowly decompose at temperature and microbial action, and during decomposition, can form organic salt with the cation such as the sodium in soil, calcium, the solvability of its organic salt is low, reduces the cation such as sodium, calcium of soil free state;
5) macromolecular substances of sustained-release adhesive itself is slow-release fertilizer, and the product after its decomposition can provide nitrogen element for plant, can not cause the secondary pollution of soil;
6) stalk can increase the water penetration of soil, gas permeability and moisture retention, increases the content of organic matter of soil, and increase bacterial content in soil, bacterial population increase can reduce the part saliferous in saline land;
7) biological bacteria is at least one in bacillus subtilis, salt tolerant Azospirillum brasilense, S. cervisiae, trichoderma reesei; Itself and stalk are used in combination, can grow fast, and absorb the part salinity in saline land in soil, reduce the salt content in saline land;
8) adopt biological bacteria and stalk to be pre-mixed fermentation, make biological bacteria amount reproduction, reduce the time in the saline land of biological bacteria process;
9) in the present invention, ardealite is first adopted to process saline land, reduce pH value, simultaneously by generating calcium carbonate, the granular structure such as calcium bicarbonate, and then add the materials such as sustained-release adhesive, the granular structure being is formed more fast, and fill up the position, space of granular structure, the inner relative insulation of the granular structure being, reduce the sodium ions content of the mobility in soil, the salt content in soil is reduced with this, the last material adding stalk and biological bacteria mixed processing again, avoid relative strong basicity suddenly to the suppression of biological bacteria, biological bacteria is attached to stalk surface, fast processing is carried out to soil, absorb salinity, the object lowering soil salt is reached with this.
The present invention adopts above-mentioned saline and alkali land improvement method, can quick improvement saline-alkali soil, suitable for crop grows, and this modifying agent operation strategies is wider, be applicable to different regions, salinization of soil soil melioration that different reason causes, rationally be manured into soil, can soil structure be improved, reduce soil alkalinity, improve soil salt discharge rate, increase soil fertility, promote the growth of crops, improve agricultural economy.
Embodiment
Further describe technical scheme of the present invention below, but described in claimed scope is not limited to.
Embodiment one
1, raw material prepares
Ardealite,
Sustained-release adhesive, is made up of the raw material of following weight portion: macromolecular substances 20 parts, 1 part, zinc sulphate, polyethylene glycol 1 part, wherein: macromolecular substances structural formula is: H-[OCH
2nHCONHCH
2] n-OH, wherein 2≤n≤10, the present embodiment selects n=2; And above-mentioned all raw materials are deposited all separately, mix in use,
Stalk,
Animal wastes, optional pig manure, cow dung, chicken manure, sheep excrement etc., the present embodiment selects pig manure,
Biological bacteria is at least one in bacillus subtilis, salt tolerant Azospirillum brasilense, S. cervisiae, trichoderma reesei, and the present embodiment selects bacillus subtilis, salt tolerant Azospirillum brasilense, and the viable count in often kind of biological bacteria is content is 1 × 10
3 ~ 4more than cfu/g.
2, the method in ardealite, sustained-release adhesive, stalk and biological bacteria improvement saline land, comprises the following steps:
(1) material A makes, and is shattered by stalk, and then add animal wastes and biological bacteria, sealed fermenting 20 days, mixed proportion is that stalk shatters: animal wastes: biological bacteria=100:10:1;
(2) ardealite is sprinkling upon saline and alkaline the earth's surface equably, and the 20cm that deep ploughs, ardealite is mixed with soil layer, keeps 10 days;
(3) then sustained-release adhesive is sprinkling upon saline and alkaline the earth's surface equably, and the 20cm that deep ploughs, sustained-release adhesive is mixed with soil layer, and spray clear water, the saline land making 20cm dark is moistening, keeps 5 days;
(4) by the mixed processing of stalk and biological bacteria, the material A obtained is sprinkling upon saline and alkaline the earth's surface equably, and the 20cm that deep ploughs, make material mix with soil layer all with, and keep 20 days;
In the present embodiment, the consumption of various material is determined according to different saline lands, is specially:
In slight alkaline land, the consumption of ardealite is 200kg/ mu, sustained-release adhesive 20kg/ mu, material A 50kg/ mu;
In moderate saline-alkali soil, the consumption of ardealite is 600kg/ mu; Sustained-release adhesive 60kg/ mu, material A 150kg/ mu;
In heavy salinized ground, the consumption of ardealite is 900kg/ mu; Sustained-release adhesive 90kg/ mu, material A 300kg/ mu.
Embodiment two
1, raw material prepares
Ardealite,
Sustained-release adhesive, is made up of the raw material of following weight portion: macromolecular substances 40 parts, 4 parts, zinc sulphate, polyethylene glycol 4 parts, wherein: macromolecular substances structural formula is: H-[OCH
2nHCONHCH
2] n-OH, wherein 2≤n≤10, the present embodiment selects n=10; And above-mentioned all raw materials are deposited all separately, mix in use,
Stalk,
Animal wastes, optional pig manure, cow dung, chicken manure, sheep excrement etc., the present embodiment selects pig manure,
Biological bacteria is at least one in bacillus subtilis, salt tolerant Azospirillum brasilense, S. cervisiae, trichoderma reesei, and the present embodiment selects bacillus subtilis, salt tolerant Azospirillum brasilense, and the viable count in often kind of biological bacteria is content is 1 × 10
3 ~ 4more than cfu/g.
2, the method in ardealite, sustained-release adhesive, stalk and biological bacteria improvement saline land, comprises the following steps:
(1) material A makes, and is shattered by stalk, and then add animal wastes and biological bacteria, sealed fermenting 30 days, mixed proportion is that stalk shatters: animal wastes: biological bacteria=100:20:5;
(2) ardealite is sprinkling upon saline and alkaline the earth's surface equably, and the 20cm that deep ploughs, ardealite is mixed with soil layer, keeps 120 days;
(3) then sustained-release adhesive is sprinkling upon saline and alkaline the earth's surface equably, and the 20cm that deep ploughs, sustained-release adhesive is mixed with soil layer, and spray clear water, the saline land making 20cm dark is moistening, keeps 10 days;
(4) by the mixed processing of stalk and biological bacteria, the material A obtained is sprinkling upon saline and alkaline the earth's surface equably, and the 20cm that deep ploughs, make material mix with soil layer all with, and keep 30 days;
In the present embodiment, the consumption of various material is determined according to different saline lands, is specially:
In slight alkaline land, the consumption of ardealite is 600kg/ mu, sustained-release adhesive 60kg/ mu, material A 150kg/ mu;
In moderate saline-alkali soil, the consumption of ardealite is 900kg/ mu; Sustained-release adhesive 90kg/ mu, material A 300kg/ mu;
In heavy salinized ground, the consumption of ardealite is 1200kg/ mu; Sustained-release adhesive 120kg/ mu, material A 400kg/ mu.
Embodiment three
1, raw material prepares
Ardealite,
Sustained-release adhesive, is made up of the raw material of following weight portion: macromolecular substances 30 parts, 2 parts, zinc sulphate, polyethylene glycol 3 parts, wherein: macromolecular substances structural formula is: H-[OCH
2nHCONHCH
2] n-OH, wherein 2≤n≤10, the present embodiment selects n=6; And above-mentioned all raw materials are deposited all separately, mix in use,
Stalk,
Animal wastes, optional pig manure, cow dung, chicken manure, sheep excrement etc., the present embodiment selects pig manure,
Biological bacteria is at least one in bacillus subtilis, salt tolerant Azospirillum brasilense, S. cervisiae, trichoderma reesei, and the present embodiment selects bacillus subtilis, salt tolerant Azospirillum brasilense, and the viable count in often kind of biological bacteria is content is 1 × 10
3 ~ 4more than cfu/g.
2, the method in ardealite, sustained-release adhesive, stalk and biological bacteria improvement saline land, comprises the following steps:
(1) material A makes, and is shattered by stalk, and then add animal wastes and biological bacteria, sealed fermenting 25 days, mixed proportion is that stalk shatters: animal wastes: biological bacteria=100:15:3;
(2) ardealite is sprinkling upon saline and alkaline the earth's surface equably, and the 20cm that deep ploughs, ardealite is mixed with soil layer, keeps 15 days;
(3) then sustained-release adhesive is sprinkling upon saline and alkaline the earth's surface equably, and the 20cm that deep ploughs, sustained-release adhesive is mixed with soil layer, and spray clear water, the saline land making 20cm dark is moistening, keeps 8 days;
(4) by the mixed processing of stalk and biological bacteria, the material A obtained is sprinkling upon saline and alkaline the earth's surface equably, and the 20cm that deep ploughs, make material mix with soil layer all with, and keep 20 ~ 30 days;
In the present embodiment, the consumption of various material is determined according to different saline lands, is specially:
In slight alkaline land, the consumption of ardealite is 400kg/ mu, sustained-release adhesive 40kg/ mu, material A 100kg/ mu;
In moderate saline-alkali soil, the consumption of ardealite is 750kg/ mu; Sustained-release adhesive 70kg/ mu, material A 220kg/ mu;
In heavy salinized ground, the consumption of ardealite is 1100kg/ mu; Sustained-release adhesive 110kg/ mu, material A 350kg/ mu.
The above, it is only better example of the present invention, not any pro forma restriction is done to the present invention, anyly do not depart from technical solution of the present invention content, the any simple modification done above example according to technical spirit of the present invention, coversion material equivalent variations and modification, all still belong in the scope of technical solution of the present invention.
Meanwhile, in order to be further elaborated beneficial effect of the present invention, present inventor has performed a large amount of property used test, special instruction, the present invention's test is intended to the beneficial effect that the technology of the present invention is described, is never only limitted to scope of the present invention.
Test method: select the saline land of Haixing County, Cangzhou, Hebei Province to test, experimental group: use above-described embodiment one ~ embodiment three to process the saline land of different salinity, and throw in N
2o6kg/ mu, P
2o
55kg/ mu, K
2the fertilizer of O3kg/ mu, carries out plantation wheat; Control group: independent ardealite process is carried out to the saline land of different salt content, total consumption of the material of the saline and alkali land improvement method of the corresponding embodiment one ~ embodiment three of consumption difference of ardealite, and throw in N
2o6kg/ mu, P
2o
55kg/ mu, K
2the fertilizer of O3kg/ mu, carries out plantation wheat.By statistics output, in slight alkaline land, use the saline land wheat yield of the modifying agent process of the present embodiment than using the high by 45 ~ 70% of ardealite process; In moderate saline-alkali soil, use the saline land wheat yield of the modifying agent process of the present embodiment than using the high by 35 ~ 60% of ardealite process; In heavy salinized ground, use the saline land wheat yield of the modifying agent process of the present embodiment than using the high by 40 ~ 55% of ardealite process.
Claims (6)
1., by the method in ardealite, sustained-release adhesive, stalk and biological bacteria improvement saline land, it is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
(1) ardealite is sprinkling upon saline and alkaline the earth's surface equably, and the 20cm that deep ploughs, ardealite is mixed with soil layer, keeps 10 ~ 20 days;
(2) then sustained-release adhesive is sprinkling upon saline and alkaline the earth's surface equably, and the 20cm that deep ploughs, sustained-release adhesive is mixed with soil layer, keeps 5 ~ 10 days;
(3) by stalk and biological bacteria mixed processing, the material A obtained is sprinkling upon saline and alkaline the earth's surface equably, and the 20cm that deep ploughs, make material mix with soil layer all with, and keep 20 ~ 30 days;
In above-mentioned, the consumption of ardealite is 200 ~ 1200kg/ mu; Sustained-release adhesive consumption is 20 ~ 120kg/ mu, and material A consumption is 50 ~ 400kg/ mu.
2. the method in ardealite as claimed in claim 1, sustained-release adhesive, stalk and biological bacteria improvement saline land, it is characterized in that, described sustained-release adhesive is the raw material composition of following weight portion: macromolecular substances 20 ~ 40 parts, 1 ~ 4 part, zinc sulphate, polyethylene glycol 1 ~ 4 part, wherein:
Above-mentioned macromolecular substances structural formula is: H-[OCH
2nHCONHCH
2] n-OH, wherein 2≤n≤10; And:
Above-mentioned all raw materials are deposited all separately, mix in use.
3. the method in ardealite as claimed in claim 1, sustained-release adhesive, stalk and biological bacteria improvement saline land, it is characterized in that, the making step of described material A is: shattered by stalk, then adds animal wastes and biological bacteria, sealed fermenting 20 ~ 30 days;
In above-mentioned, mixed proportion is that stalk shatters: animal wastes: biological bacteria=100:(10 ~ 20): (1 ~ 5).
4. the method with ardealite, sustained-release adhesive, stalk and biological bacteria improvement saline land as described in claim 1 or 3, it is characterized in that, biological bacteria be at least one in bacillus subtilis, salt tolerant Azospirillum brasilense, S. cervisiae, trichoderma reesei, the viable count in often kind of biological bacteria is content is 1 × 10
3 ~ 4more than cfu/g.
5. the method in ardealite as claimed in claim 1, sustained-release adhesive, stalk and biological bacteria improvement saline land, is characterized in that, described step (2) is after adding sustained-release adhesive, and spray clear water, the saline land making 20cm dark is moistening.
6. the method in ardealite as claimed in claim 1, sustained-release adhesive, stalk and biological bacteria improvement saline land, it is characterized in that, the consumption of various material of the present invention is determined according to different saline lands, is specially:
In slight alkaline land, the consumption of ardealite is 200 ~ 600kg/ mu, sustained-release adhesive 20 ~ 60kg/ mu, material A 50 ~ 150kg/ mu;
In moderate saline-alkali soil, the consumption of ardealite is 600 ~ 900kg/ mu; Sustained-release adhesive 60 ~ 90kg/ mu, material A 150 ~ 300kg/ mu;
In heavy salinized ground, the consumption of ardealite is 900 ~ 1200kg/ mu; Sustained-release adhesive 90 ~ 120kg/ mu, material A 300 ~ 400kg/ mu.
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CN110249736A (en) * | 2019-07-09 | 2019-09-20 | 浙江海洋大学 | The modification method of beach saline-alkali soil |
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