CN110249736A - The modification method of beach saline-alkali soil - Google Patents
The modification method of beach saline-alkali soil Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
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- C09K17/00—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials
- C09K17/14—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials containing organic compounds only
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of preparation method of the decomposed object of mushroom bran and the modification method of beach saline-alkali soil, belongs to field of environmental technology, the preparation method of the decomposed object of mushroom bran includes, by pretreatment with agueous Ammonia of the mushroom bran containing PEG and glycine ethyl ester hydrochloride；Pretreated mushroom bran and animal wastes are mixed, sterilizing, inoculation strain combination object is cultivated to get the decomposed object of mushroom bran.The modification method of beach saline-alkali soil includes that the decomposed object of mushroom bran made from above-mentioned preparation method is supplied into beach saline-alkali soil.The preparation method of the decomposed object of mushroom bran of the present invention can accelerate decomposed efficiency, improve the humification coefficient of mushroom bran, reduce the water solubility of lignin, contain more humic acids and organic matter, especially fulvic acid in the decomposed object of the mushroom bran of acquisition；The modification method of beach saline-alkali soil of the present invention can significantly improve microaggregate in soil, reduce the soil weight, reduce the pH of soil, increase organic matter, available nitrogen, effective potassium and available phosphorus content in soil.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of environmental technology, and in particular to the modification method of beach saline-alkali soil.
Background technique
It is beach saline-alkali the important reserve land resources of China's coastal region development, improves beach to coastal area soil
The increase of area, the realization of target of sustainable development, there is very important strategic importance.China's coastal region saline-alkali soil accounts for China
The 17.2% of the littoral zone ± earth gross area.Due to most of beach system, alluvial plain, strand, local ground watering salinity is high for this, buries
It is high to lead to ± earth salt content for the depth, therefore king's earth salinization of soil is serious, and at the end of the 20th century, the beach area of China's exploitation is insufficient for cut-off
The half of entire area；It is expected that future 50 years are it is also possible to reconstruction 10000-15000km2Climacteric symptoms.By natural precipitation beautiful jade
It is very slow to wash the speed that desalination is carried out to beach with vegetation natural deduction, even the Yangtze River Delta abundant in rainfall, encloses
Cultivating beach at least also will can just bud into slight saline-alkali soil by the time of more than ten years.Therefore, it is badly in need of a technology and can allow to enclose
Cultivate mud-flat soil quick desalination.For a long time, researcher both domestic and external has been devoted to develop and use saline-alkali soil and carry out deeply
Enter research.Currently, substantially having physics, chemistry, biology, agricultural and hydraulic engineering improvement five to the modification method in salt-soda soil both at home and abroad
Kind measure.Physical absorption effect cannot be lasting；Chemical improvement agent use scope is limited, and sustainability is poor；Hydraulic engineering measure is thrown
Enter big；The fresh water desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching then faces the problems such as freshwater resources are insufficient.Biological modification can fundamentally optimize salt affected soil environment, substantially
Agricultural production efficiency is improved, most common is salt-soda soil biological modification agent.
Modifying agent can be divided into auxotype and Improved-structure according to main function by salt-soda soil biological modification agent various types
Two kinds, the former can effectively increase soil microbe quantity, so that nutrient validity be activated to utilize for plant absorption；The latter
Then optimize salt affected soil physical structure, promotes plant root growth.By microbial activities after organic fertilizer application salt affected soil, divide
Solution is simple minerals nutriment, and supply crop is absorbed and utilized, while humus is converted under the action of microorganism, increases soil
Earth humus content.Humus is a kind of organic colloid, the mineral particle in soil can be formed granule, forms granule knot
Structure can either accelerate Soil Desalting after the rain or after irrigation water, also can inhibit the soil accumulation of salt in the surface soil in the spring arid period.Saline and alkaline
Soil fertilization, nutrient needed for being not only able to supply plant growth, promotes crop normal growth, enhances the salinity and alkalinity resistance of crop,
Soil can also be improved, is increase soil fertility, the effect of desalination is promoted.It is domestic that there are many people by organic fertilizers such as furfural dregs, biogas manures
It is added in saline-alkali soil, so as to improve Soil Micro-environment, promotes crop yield, and play the role of ecological protection.Addition
Organic fertilizer and cooperation, which are ploughed deeply, can be effectively controlled level of ground water and prevents secondary salinization.Biological organic fertilizer can promote crop increasing
It produces, improves crop quality, improve crop growth environment, fertilizing soil increases productivity, and is expected to become and realizes agricultural year and change
The important channel in good salt-soda soil.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the present invention to provide one kind can accelerate decomposed efficiency, improves the humification coefficient of mushroom bran, drop
The preparation method of the decomposed object of water-soluble mushroom bran of low lignin, containing more in the decomposed object of mushroom bran which obtains
Humic acid and organic matter, especially fulvic acid.
The technical solution that the present invention is taken to achieve the above object are as follows:
A kind of preparation method of the decomposed object of mushroom bran, including,
S1: by pretreatment with agueous Ammonia of the mushroom bran containing PEG and glycine ethyl ester hydrochloride；
S2: the pretreated mushroom bran of S1 and animal wastes are mixed, sterilizing, and inoculation strain combination object is cultivated to get bacterium
The decomposed object of chaff.
Mushroom bran is mostly with sawdust, stalk, wheat bran, corn flour, cotton seed hulls etc. for raw material, still, fine containing a large amount of cellulose
Plain usual and hemicellulose, lignin the molecule weave in of dimension, greatly reduces the utilization rate of cellulose.Mushroom bran of the present invention
The pre-treatment step of the preparation method of decomposed object is broken the main ehter bond of lignin, to make lignin macromolecular fragment
Change, partial lignin is dissolved in reaction solution, and segment of the acidic moiety on lignin molecule such as containing carboxyl, phenolic group exists
It is ionized in aqueous slkali, the dissolution of lignin can be promoted；Simultaneously expand cellulose, hemicellulose dissolution, and weaken cellulose and
Ester bond between the hydrogen bond and saponification hemicellulose and lignin molecule of hemicellulose increases to reduce the crystallinity of cellulose
Add the sponginess of mushroom bran, to increase the contact area of strain combination object and cellulose, accelerate the degradation to organic matter conducive to strain,
To accelerate decomposed efficiency.And on the one hand the presence of PEG and glycine ethyl ester hydrochloride can promote ammonium hydroxide to enter inside mushroom bran,
In the connection that also can be more thoroughly destroyed under lower pretreatment temperature between Cellulose-lignins-hemicellulose, thus into one
Step accelerates decomposed efficiency, and can also improve the humification coefficient of mushroom bran, plants in the decomposed object of the mushroom bran made containing more corruption
The content of fulvic acid, improves soil aggregate structure, to make the soil weight in acid and organic matter, especially the raising decomposed object of mushroom bran
It reduces；Another party can be modified the lignin being dissolved in ammonium hydroxide, reduce its water solubility, do not utilize and utilized by microorganism,
Persist in the decomposed object of mushroom bran, can be improved cementability, the adsorptivity of the decomposed object of mushroom bran and soil, can promote soil particle by
Small grade gradually to big grade particle agglomeration, forms more big grade particles, it is micro- to improve 0.25-1mm in beach saline-alkali soil
The content (0.25-1mm microaggregate holding water with higher surely wins and the ability of nutrient) of aggregate, and then it is micro- to improve soil
The situation of aggregate changes soil texture and volume mass, to assist to improve the decomposed object improvement beach saline-alkali soil of mushroom bran
Effect.
Preferably, the concentration of ammonium hydroxide is 5-8mol/L in S1, and the solid-to-liquid ratio of mushroom bran and ammonium hydroxide is 1:5-10 (g/mL).
Preferably, contain 0.5-5g/L PEG and 30-60mg/L glycine ethyl ester hydrochloride in S1 in ammonium hydroxide.
Preferably, pretreatment temperature is 30-50 DEG C in S1, time 30-60min.
Preferably, strain combination object includes saccharomycete, bacillus subtilis and nitrogen-fixing bacteria in S2.Addition strain combination object has
Conducive to the utilization for the degradation and moisture for accelerating organic matter, improves the opposite of humic acid in composting production, full nitrogen, full phosphorus and full potassium and contain
Amount, and the obtained pretreatment product of above-mentioned S1 step can also further promote the growth and breeding of strain, especially nitrogen-fixing bacteria is numerous
It grows, the final content for improving nitrogen-fixing bacteria in the decomposed object of mushroom bran, conducive to the application of the decomposed object of mushroom bran.
Preferably, in the decomposed object of mushroom bran humic acid content > 27%.Humic acid in the decomposed object of mushroom bran being capable of conditioned soil
The physicochemical characters such as the infiltration water active force of earth, storage capacity, gas permeability, improve the fertility of soil, it is more comprehensive to be supplied to plant
Nutrient, promote the growth of plant, while humic acid can enhance the activity of Soil Microorganism, increase edaphon
Total amount and beneficial microorganism quantity, therefore the content for improving humic acid in compost is of great significance.
Preferably, in the decomposed object humic acid of mushroom bran fulvic acid content > 2.5%.Fulvic acid contains largely to plant growth
The multiple functions bases such as the influential enzyme of process, amino acid, vitamin and microelement not only have very high reactivity,
It can interact with metal ion, oxide, hydroxide, the minerals in environment, and be easy to be absorbed by plants, and
In acidity, therefore, also there is remarkable efficacy to promotion plant growth, development while to beach saline-alkali soil modification.
It is furthermore preferred that a kind of preparation method of the decomposed object of mushroom bran, specifically includes,
S1: it is that mushroom bran is placed in the ammonium hydroxide that concentration is 5-8mol/L by 1:5-10 (g/mL) by solid-to-liquid ratio, contains in ammonium hydroxide
0.5-5g/L PEG and 30-60mg/L glycine ethyl ester hydrochloride handles 30-60min under pre-processing at 30-50 DEG C, then
With sulphur acid for adjusting pH to neutrality；
S2: mixing the pretreated mushroom bran of S1 and animal wastes by weight for 2-5:1, adjust the water content of mixture to
50-80% is inoculated with the strain combination object of 1-5% (v/w) inoculum concentration in 121 DEG C of steam sterilizing 20min, and strain combination object includes
Weight ratio is saccharomycete, bacillus subtilis and the nitrogen-fixing bacteria of 1:1.5-3.0:0.2-0.5, then cultivates 20- at 25-40 DEG C
30d is to get the decomposed object of mushroom bran, the wherein content > 27% of humic acid；The content > of fulvic acid in the decomposed object humic acid of mushroom bran
2.5%.
In order to further increase the decomposed object of mushroom bran to the improved effect of beach saline-alkali soil, promote the growth of plant, this hair
The bright measure also taken further include: bentonite is added in S2 step in mushroom bran, while γ-PGA is added after being inoculated with.Bentonite is
Porous mineral matter can not only improve the porosity of mixture, while bacteria composition mass propagation humic substance be contained
Amount increases, and there is stronger physical absorption, cation exchange capacity (CEC), dilatancy, caking property and dispersibility etc., beach is being added
After applying salt affected soil, alkalization of soils degree can reduce, improve the preservation capacity of water and fertility of soil, enhance fixation of the soil to N, P, K, and
And the utilization rate of the decomposed object of mushroom bran also can be improved.And contain a large amount of hydrophilic-COO in γ-PGA molecule-Group, can be micro-
Biological utilisation, so, γ-PGA addition can reduce decomposition of the microorganism to fulvic acid, improve fulvic acid in the decomposed object of mushroom bran
Accumulation.Preferably, the decomposed object of mushroom bran and bentonitic amount ratio are 1:0.7-1.0 in beach saline-alkali soil.It is furthermore preferred that bacterium
The preparation method of the decomposed object of chaff specifically:
S1: it is that mushroom bran is placed in the ammonium hydroxide that concentration is 5-8mol/L by 1:5-10 (g/mL) by solid-to-liquid ratio, contains in ammonium hydroxide
0.5-5g/L PEG and 30-60mg/L glycine ethyl ester hydrochloride handles 30-60min under pre-processing at 30-50 DEG C, then
With sulphur acid for adjusting pH to neutrality；
S2: mixing the pretreated mushroom bran of S1, animal wastes and bentonite by weight for 2-5:1:1, adjusts water content
The strain combination object of 1-5% (v/w) inoculum concentration, strain combination object packet are inoculated in 121 DEG C of steam sterilizing 20min to 50-80%
Saccharomycete, bacillus subtilis and the nitrogen-fixing bacteria that weight ratio is 1:1.5-3.0:0.2-0.5 are included, strain combination object weight is added
0.2-5 times of γ-PGA, cultivates 20-30d at 25-40 DEG C then to get the decomposed object of mushroom bran, wherein the content > of humic acid
27%；The content > 2.5% of fulvic acid in the decomposed object humic acid of mushroom bran.
The present invention also provides purposes of the decomposed object of above-mentioned mushroom bran in improvement beach saline-alkali soil.
The present invention also provides one kind to significantly improve microaggregate in soil, reduces the soil weight, reduces the pH of soil, increases
The modification method of the beach saline-alkali soil of organic matter, available nitrogen, effective potassium and available phosphorus content in soil, including, to beach
The decomposed object of mushroom bran made from above-mentioned preparation method is supplied in salt affected soil.Salinity in beach saline-alkali soil is mainly by HCO3 -、
CO3 2-、SO4 2-And Cl-4 kinds of anion and Ca2+、Mg2+And Na+A variety of salts of 3 kinds of cation compositions, wherein NaCl,
Na2CO3And Na2SO4Endanger larger, a large amount of existing Na+Can make that crumb structure cannot be formed between colloid, cause soil it is cold,
Firmly, plate phenomenon endangers plant growth.And after the decomposed object supply beach saline-alkali soil of mushroom bran, organic acid therein can neutralize soil
HCO in earth3 -、CO3 2-、SO4 2-And Cl-Deng reducing the pH of soil, while the organic matter in the decomposed object of mushroom bran can be by beach soil
Na on earth colloidal particles+、K+It cements out, leads to exchangeability Na+Content is reduced, and then alkalization of soils degree reduces, to make beach
Salt affected soil is applied to be improved, and the reduction of alkalization of soils degree has very big facilitation to plant growth；Meanwhile the decomposed object of mushroom bran
In humic acid and lignin may participate in the formation of salt affected soil crumb structure, the crumb structure of sustainable improvement salt affected soil
Dispersibility increases, and significantly improves 0.25-1mm microaggregate in salt affected soil, salt affected soil is made to become loose, reduce the appearance of soil
Weight, enhances the water penetration and gas permeability of salt affected soil, creates good soil environment for the root system development of crop；In addition, bacterium
The decomposed object of chaff can also increase the organic matter in soil, and biological nitrogen fixation and nitrifying process is promoted to increase, the content of soil available nitrogen,
And effective potassium and phosphorus content in soil can be improved.
Preferably, the dosage of the decomposed object of mushroom bran is 10-30g/kg in beach saline-alkali soil.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the benefit that
The preparation method of the decomposed object of mushroom bran of the present invention can accelerate decomposed efficiency, improve the humification coefficient of mushroom bran, so that
To the decomposed object of mushroom bran in contain more humic acids and organic matter, especially raising the decomposed object of mushroom bran in fulvic acid content,
The decomposed object of mushroom bran is enabled to improve soil aggregate structure, so that the soil weight be made to reduce；The preparation side of the decomposed object of mushroom bran of the present invention
Method can also be modified the lignin being dissolved in ammonium hydroxide, reduce its water solubility, improve its cementability with soil, absorption
Property, the content of 0.25-1mm microaggregate in high beach saline-alkali soil, and then improve the situation of soil microaggregate, change soil
Structure and volume mass, to assist to improve the effect that the decomposed object of mushroom bran improves beach saline-alkali soil.Beach saline-alkali soil of the present invention
The modification method of earth can significantly improve 0.25-1mm microaggregate in salt affected soil, and salt affected soil is made to become loose, reduce soil
Bulk density, enhance the water penetration and gas permeability of salt affected soil, create good soil environment for the root system development of crop；This
Outside, the decomposed object of mushroom bran can also reduce the pH of soil, increase the organic matter in soil, and biological nitrogen fixation and nitrifying process is promoted to increase
Add, the content of soil available nitrogen, and effective potassium and phosphorus content in soil can be improved.
Present invention employs above-mentioned technical proposals to provide the modification method of beach saline-alkali soil, compensates for the prior art not
Foot, reasonable design, easy operation.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is humic acid content in the decomposed object of mushroom bran in test example 1 of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is fulvic acid content in the decomposed object of mushroom bran in test example 1 of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is microaggregate content in soil in test example 2 of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is the soil weight in test example 2 of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
It is next by the following examples that the present invention is furture elucidated.However, it should be understood that the embodiment is merely illustrative
Purpose, be not intended to limit scope and spirit of the present invention.
Embodiment 1:
A kind of preparation method of the decomposed object of mushroom bran, including,
S1: it is that coprinus comatus mushroom bran is placed in the ammonium hydroxide that concentration is 5mol/L by 1:5 (g/mL) by solid-to-liquid ratio, contains in ammonium hydroxide
0.5g/L PEG and 30mg/L glycine ethyl ester hydrochloride handles 30min under pre-processing at 30 DEG C, then uses sulphur acid for adjusting pH
To neutrality；
S2: mixing the pretreated mushroom bran of S1 and animal wastes by weight for 2:1, adjusts water content to 50%, 121
DEG C steam sterilizing 20min is inoculated with the strain combination object of 1% (v/w) inoculum concentration, and strain combination object includes that weight ratio is 1:1.5:
Then 0.2 saccharomycete, bacillus subtilis and nitrogen-fixing bacteria cultivate 20d at 25 DEG C to get the decomposed object of mushroom bran.
A kind of modification method of beach saline-alkali soil, including, bacterium made from the present embodiment is supplied into beach saline-alkali soil
The decomposed object of chaff, the dosage for stablizing the decomposed object of mushroom bran in beach saline-alkali soil is 10g/kg.
Embodiment 2:
A kind of preparation method of the decomposed object of mushroom bran, including,
S1: it is that oyster mushroom mushroom bran is placed in the ammonium hydroxide that concentration is 8mol/L by 1:10 (g/mL) by solid-to-liquid ratio, contains in ammonium hydroxide
5g/L PEG and 60mg/L glycine ethyl ester hydrochloride handles 60min under pre-processing at 50 DEG C, then extremely with sulphur acid for adjusting pH
It is neutral；
S2: mixing the pretreated mushroom bran of S1 and animal wastes by weight for 5:1, adjusts water content to 80%, 121
DEG C steam sterilizing 20min is inoculated with the strain combination object of 5% (v/w) inoculum concentration, and strain combination object includes that weight ratio is 1:3.0:
Then 0.5 saccharomycete, bacillus subtilis and nitrogen-fixing bacteria cultivate 30d at 40 DEG C to get the decomposed object of mushroom bran.
A kind of modification method of beach saline-alkali soil, including, bacterium made from the present embodiment is supplied into beach saline-alkali soil
The decomposed object of chaff, the dosage of the decomposed object of mushroom bran is 30g/kg in beach saline-alkali soil.
Embodiment 3:
A kind of preparation method of the decomposed object of mushroom bran, including,
S1: being that Hericium erinaceus mushroom bran is placed in the ammonium hydroxide that concentration is 6.5mol/L by 1:7.5 (g/mL) by solid-to-liquid ratio, in ammonium hydroxide
Containing 2.8g/L PEG and 47mg/L glycine ethyl ester hydrochloride, 40min is handled under pre-processing at 40 DEG C, then with sulfuric acid tune
PH is saved to neutrality；
S2: mixing the pretreated mushroom bran of S1 and animal wastes by weight for 3:1, adjusts water content to 65%, 121
DEG C steam sterilizing 20min is inoculated with the strain combination object of 4% (v/w) inoculum concentration, and strain combination object includes that weight ratio is 1:1.8:
0.3 saccharomycete, bacillus subtilis and nitrogen-fixing bacteria, then cultivate 24d at 30 DEG C.
A kind of modification method of beach saline-alkali soil, including, bacterium made from the present embodiment is supplied into beach saline-alkali soil
The decomposed object of chaff, the dosage of the decomposed object of mushroom bran is 24g/kg to get the decomposed object of mushroom bran in beach saline-alkali soil.
Embodiment 4:
A kind of preparation method of the decomposed object of mushroom bran, including,
S1: being that Hericium erinaceus mushroom bran is placed in the ammonium hydroxide that concentration is 6.5mol/L by 1:7.5 (g/mL) by solid-to-liquid ratio, in ammonium hydroxide
Containing 2.8g/L PEG and 47mg/L glycine ethyl ester hydrochloride, 40min is handled under pre-processing at 40 DEG C, then with sulfuric acid tune
PH is saved to neutrality；
S2: by weight for 3:1:1 by the pretreated mushroom bran of S1, animal wastes and bentonite mix, adjust water content to
65%, in 121 DEG C of steam sterilizing 20min, it is inoculated with the strain combination object of 4% (v/w) inoculum concentration, strain combination object includes weight ratio
For the saccharomycete of 1:1.8:0.3, bacillus subtilis and nitrogen-fixing bacteria, the γ-PGA of 1.2 times of strain combination object weight is added, so
24d is cultivated at 30 DEG C afterwards to get the decomposed object of mushroom bran.
A kind of modification method of beach saline-alkali soil, including, bacterium made from the present embodiment is supplied into beach saline-alkali soil
The decomposed object of chaff, the dosage of the decomposed object of mushroom bran is 24g/kg in beach saline-alkali soil.
Comparative example 1:
A kind of preparation method of the decomposed object of mushroom bran, including,
S1: being that Hericium erinaceus mushroom bran is placed in the ammonium hydroxide that concentration is 6.5mol/L by 1:7.5 (g/mL) by solid-to-liquid ratio, in ammonium hydroxide
Containing 47mg/L glycine ethyl ester hydrochloride, 40min is handled under pre-processing at 40 DEG C, then with sulphur acid for adjusting pH to neutrality；
S2: mixing the pretreated mushroom bran of S1 and animal wastes by weight for 3:1, adjusts water content to 65%, 121
DEG C steam sterilizing 20min is inoculated with the strain combination object of 4% (v/w) inoculum concentration, and strain combination object includes that weight ratio is 1:1.8:
0.3 saccharomycete, bacillus subtilis and nitrogen-fixing bacteria, then cultivate 24d at 30 DEG C.
A kind of modification method of beach saline-alkali soil, including, bacterium made from the present embodiment is supplied into beach saline-alkali soil
The decomposed object of chaff, the dosage of the decomposed object of mushroom bran is 24g/kg to get the decomposed object of mushroom bran in beach saline-alkali soil.
Comparative example 2:
A kind of preparation method of the decomposed object of mushroom bran, including,
S1: being that Hericium erinaceus mushroom bran is placed in the ammonium hydroxide that concentration is 6.5mol/L by 1:7.5 (g/mL) by solid-to-liquid ratio, in ammonium hydroxide
Containing 2.8g/L PEG, 40min is handled under pre-processing at 40 DEG C, then with sulphur acid for adjusting pH to neutrality；
S2: mixing the pretreated mushroom bran of S1 and animal wastes by weight for 3:1, adjusts water content to 65%, 121
DEG C steam sterilizing 20min is inoculated with the strain combination object of 4% (v/w) inoculum concentration, and strain combination object includes that weight ratio is 1:1.8:
0.3 saccharomycete, bacillus subtilis and nitrogen-fixing bacteria, then cultivate 24d at 30 DEG C.
A kind of modification method of beach saline-alkali soil, including, bacterium made from the present embodiment is supplied into beach saline-alkali soil
The decomposed object of chaff, the dosage of the decomposed object of mushroom bran is 24g/kg to get the decomposed object of mushroom bran in beach saline-alkali soil.
Comparative example 3:
A kind of preparation method of the decomposed object of mushroom bran, including,
S1: being that Hericium erinaceus mushroom bran is placed in the ammonium hydroxide that concentration is 6.5mol/L by 1:7.5 (g/mL) by solid-to-liquid ratio, at 40 DEG C
40min is handled under lower pretreatment, then with sulphur acid for adjusting pH to neutrality；
S2: mixing the pretreated mushroom bran of S1 and animal wastes by weight for 3:1, adjusts water content to 65%, 121
DEG C steam sterilizing 20min is inoculated with the strain combination object of 4% (v/w) inoculum concentration, and strain combination object includes that weight ratio is 1:1.8:
0.3 saccharomycete, bacillus subtilis and nitrogen-fixing bacteria, then cultivate 24d at 30 DEG C.
A kind of modification method of beach saline-alkali soil, including, bacterium made from the present embodiment is supplied into beach saline-alkali soil
The decomposed object of chaff, the dosage of the decomposed object of mushroom bran is 24g/kg to get the decomposed object of mushroom bran in beach saline-alkali soil.
Comparative example 4:
A kind of preparation method of the decomposed object of mushroom bran, including,
S1: being that Hericium erinaceus mushroom bran is placed in the ammonium hydroxide that concentration is 6.5mol/L by 1:7.5 (g/mL) by solid-to-liquid ratio, in ammonium hydroxide
Containing 2.8g/L PEG and 47mg/L glycine ethyl ester hydrochloride, 40min is handled under pre-processing at 40 DEG C, then with sulfuric acid tune
PH is saved to neutrality；
S2: mixing the pretreated mushroom bran of S1, animal wastes by weight for 3:1, adjusts water content to 65%, 121
DEG C steam sterilizing 20min is inoculated with the strain combination object of 4% (v/w) inoculum concentration, and strain combination object includes that weight ratio is 1:1.8:
0.3 saccharomycete, bacillus subtilis and nitrogen-fixing bacteria add the γ-PGA of 1.2 times of strain combination object weight, then at 30 DEG C
Lower culture 24d is to get the decomposed object of mushroom bran.
Comparative example 5:
A kind of preparation method of the decomposed object of mushroom bran, including,
S1: being that Hericium erinaceus mushroom bran is placed in the ammonium hydroxide that concentration is 6.5mol/L by 1:7.5 (g/mL) by solid-to-liquid ratio, in ammonium hydroxide
Containing 2.8g/L PEG and 47mg/L glycine ethyl ester hydrochloride, 40min is handled under pre-processing at 40 DEG C, then with sulfuric acid tune
PH is saved to neutrality；
S2: by weight for 3:1:1 by the pretreated mushroom bran of S1, animal wastes and bentonite mix, adjust water content to
65%, in 121 DEG C of steam sterilizing 20min, it is inoculated with the strain combination object of 4% (v/w) inoculum concentration, strain combination object includes weight ratio
For the saccharomycete of 1:1.8:0.3, bacillus subtilis and nitrogen-fixing bacteria, 24d is cultivated at 30 DEG C then to get the decomposed object of mushroom bran.
Comparative example 6:
A kind of preparation method of the decomposed object of mushroom bran: mixing Hericium erinaceus mushroom bran and animal wastes by weight for 3:1, adjusts
Water content, in 121 DEG C of steam sterilizing 20min, is inoculated with the strain combination object of 4% (v/w) inoculum concentration, strain combination object packet to 65%
Saccharomycete, bacillus subtilis and the nitrogen-fixing bacteria that weight ratio is 1:1.8:0.3 are included, cultivate 24d at 30 DEG C then to get mushroom bran
Decomposed object.
A kind of modification method of beach saline-alkali soil, including, bacterium made from the present embodiment is supplied into beach saline-alkali soil
The decomposed object of chaff, the dosage of the decomposed object of mushroom bran is 24g/kg in beach saline-alkali soil.
Test example 1:
1. the measurement of humic acid and fulvic acid content in the decomposed object of mushroom bran
The measurement of humic acid content is using sodium pyrophosphate extraction-potassium bichromate titrimetric method (GB/T 11957-2001, in coal
Humic Acid Production Rate measuring method [S] China Standards Press, 2002).As a result as shown in Figure 1, it can be seen that embodiment 1-3 bacterium
Containing for humic acid is above 27% in the decomposed object of chaff；The content of humic acid is higher than comparative example 1-3 in the decomposed object of 3 mushroom bran of embodiment,
This illustrates on the one hand the presence of PEG and glycine ethyl ester hydrochloride can promote ammonium hydroxide to enter inside mushroom bran, at lower pre- place
Also the connection between Cellulose-lignins-hemicellulose can be more thoroughly destroyed at a temperature of reason, to further speed up decomposed effect
Rate, and the humification coefficient of mushroom bran can also be improved, more humic acids are contained in the decomposed object of the mushroom bran made；3 bacterium of embodiment
The content and embodiment 4 of humic acid, comparative example 4-5 are suitable in the decomposed object of chaff, this illustrates the presence of bentonite and γ-PGA to corruption
Phytic acid yield effect is little.
2. fulvic acid assay is using volumetric precipitation method, (measurement of Yang Xianhong, Qiao Guifang, Duan Jiankang volumetric precipitation method is yellow
The Henan rotten acid content [J] chemical industry, 2006, (23): 42~43).As a result as shown in fig. 2, it can be seen that embodiment 1-3 mushroom bran is rotten
Containing for fulvic acid is above 2.5% in ripe object；The content of fulvic acid is higher than comparative example 1-3 in the decomposed object of 3 mushroom bran of embodiment, this says
On the one hand the presence of bright PEG and glycine ethyl ester hydrochloride can promote ammonium hydroxide to enter inside mushroom bran, in lower pretreatment temperature
Also the connection between Cellulose-lignins-hemicellulose can be more thoroughly destroyed under degree, so that decomposed efficiency is further speeded up,
And the humification coefficient of mushroom bran can also be improved, more fulvic acids are contained in the decomposed object of the mushroom bran made；3 mushroom bran of embodiment is rotten
The content of fulvic acid is lower than embodiment 4 in ripe object, 4 > of the content > comparative example comparison of fulvic acid in the decomposed object of 4 mushroom bran of embodiment
Example 5, this illustrates bentonite and the accumulation that can be improved fulvic acid in the decomposed object of mushroom bran of γ-PGA, and γ-PGA proposes raising
The content of fulvic acid is greater than bentonite in the high decomposed object of mushroom bran.
Test example 2:
The improved effect of beach saline-alkali soil measures
By natural stability 6 months after the improvement of beach saline-alkali soil, then carry out the physical and chemical property determining of improvement soil.
1. microaggregate assay in soil
A big funnel is put on 1000mL graduated cylinder, and aperture 0.25mm washing and sieving is placed in big funnel.After suspension is cooling,
The suspension sufficiently shaken in conical flask is washed with water in graduated cylinder by 0.25mm washing and sieving.The grogs in conical flask is stayed in, is used
Water all washes in washing and sieving, and the grogs in washing and sieving is lightly shampooed and is rinsed with water with rubber tip glass bar, the water under filter
No longer until muddiness.The suspension in graduated cylinder is finally added into 1000mL with water.The sand grains that will be left in washing and sieving washes known matter
In the 50mL beaker of amount, cup is placed on low temperature hot plate and boils off most of moisture, is then placed in baking oven, in 105 DEG C of baking 6h, then
Claim after cooling in a to constant.As a result such as Fig. 3, it can be seen that microaggregate content is higher in embodiment 1-3 soil,
This illustrates that the dispersibility of the crumb structure of the modification method sustainable improvement salt affected soil of beach saline-alkali soil of the present invention increases, and shows
Writing improves 0.25-1mm microaggregate in salt affected soil；Microaggregate content is higher than comparative example 1-3 in 3 soil of embodiment, this says
Bright embodiment 3 obtains the decomposed object of mushroom bran and is better than comparative example 1-3 to the improved effect of beach saline-alkali soil；Micelle in 3 soil of embodiment
The content of aggressiveness is lower than embodiment 4, and the 4 > comparative example 5 of content > comparative example of microaggregate, this explanation are swollen in 4 soil of embodiment
The common presence of profit soil and γ-PGA can be improved improvement of the 4 decomposed object of gained mushroom bran of the embodiment of the present invention to beach saline-alkali soil
Effect.
2. the soil weight measures
Prepare a certain number of aluminium boxes, aluminium box is numbered to one by one and weighed the weight of record aluminium box, is denoted as G0.Cutting ring is put down
It is surely driven into known soil sample, after cutting ring fully enters soil, removes the soil around cutting ring, take out cutting ring, hold ring
The cutting ring support of knife upper end, then with the soil for cutting native knife and scabbling cutting ring both ends, so that soil volume is certain in cutting ring.By oneself acquisition
It is with weighing aluminium box and fresh soil samples heavy in good cutting ring in the careful aluminium box for being transferred completely into known weight of pedotheque
Amount, is denoted as G1.Drug to be taken back in laboratory, is placed on 105 DEG C of drying in oven to constant weight, soil and aluminium box weight are dried in weighing,
It is denoted as G2。
In formula:
V is the volume of cutting ring；
G0For the weight of aluminium box；
G1For the weight of aluminium box and wet soil；
W is soil moisture content.
The measurement result of bulk density such as Fig. 4, it can be seen that bulk density is lower in embodiment 1-3 soil, this illustrates beach of the present invention
The modification method of salt affected soil can reduce the bulk density of soil；3 soil weight of embodiment is lower than comparative example 1-3, this illustrates embodiment 3
It obtains mushroom bran decomposed object and comparative example 1-3 is better than to the improved effect of beach saline-alkali soil；Bulk density is higher than embodiment in 3 soil of embodiment
4,4 soil weight < comparative example of embodiment, 4 < comparative example 5, this illustrates that the common presence of bentonite and γ-PGA can be improved this
Improved effect of the 4 decomposed object of gained mushroom bran of inventive embodiments to beach saline-alkali soil.
3. the soil sample natural air drying adopted crosses 2mm sieve, it is packed into plastic packaging bag and saves, for measuring soil chemistry indices.
Soil pH Potentiometric Determination；
The measurement of total salt quantity leaching balancing method；
Soil organism potassium bichromate-colorimetric method for determining；
Soil available nitrogen is measured using TRF-2C soil nutrient meter extraction；
Soil available phosphorus is measured with sodium bicarbonate extraction；
Effective potassium atomic absorption spectroscopy determination.The results are shown in Table 1 for soil chemistry indices
Soil salt content, pH value are the common counters for reflecting soil alkaline situation, have larger impact to soil fertility.
According to the regularity of distribution of China's soil zonality, soil acidity or alkalinity is divided into Pyatyi, i.e. highly acid (pH5.0), acidity (pH5.0
~6.5), neutral (pH6.5~7.5), alkaline (pH7.5~8.5), strong basicity (pH8.5).Soil after the present embodiment 1-4 improvement
Earth is neutrality.Soil total salt amount is the analysis of water soluble salt in soil, is to judge that the salination situation of soil and salinity are dynamic
After salinity reaches a certain amount of, very big harm is caused to plant for one of important indicator.The present embodiment 1-4 modification method can be shown
Write the total salt quantity for reducing soil.This illustrates that the embodiment of the present invention is fine to soil salt content, pH value improved effect.
Soil with organic matter content, available nitrogen, available phosphorus and effective potassium are the important indicators for measuring clay fertilizer power；Soil is organic
Matter is both the energy substance of heterotroph microorganism in the mineral nutrition of plant and organotrophic source and soil, affects soil
The physicochemical property of earth.The content of organic matter of soil after the present embodiment 1-4 improvement is improved significantly.Soil available nitrogen is also referred to as
Hydrolyzable nitrogen is that plant absorbs from soil and utilize the principal mode of nitrogen.The nutrition condition of Phosphorus in Soil is to influence crop
One of an important factor for yield and quality.A great number of elements needed for potassium and nitrogen, phosphorus belong to plant.People pay attention to all the time
Soil Nitrogen, the supplement of phosphorus, have ignored the effect of potassium, and soil lacks the barrier factors of potassium and grain-production.The present embodiment
1-4 modification method helps to improve Potassium in Soils and the content of nitrogen and phosphorous.
The chemical detection result of 1 soil of table
The prior art of routine techniques dawn known to those skilled in the art in above-described embodiment, therefore herein no longer in detail
It repeats.
The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the present invention, and not limitation of the present invention, the ordinary skill people of this field
Member can also make a variety of changes and modification without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.Therefore, all equivalent
Technical solution also belong to scope of the invention, scope of patent protection of the invention should be defined by the claims.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of preparation method of the decomposed object of mushroom bran, it is characterised in that: including,
S1: by pretreatment with agueous Ammonia of the mushroom bran containing PEG and glycine ethyl ester hydrochloride；
S2: the pretreated mushroom bran of S1 and animal wastes are mixed, sterilizing, and inoculation strain combination object is cultivated to get mushroom bran corruption
Ripe object.
2. a kind of preparation method of the decomposed object of mushroom bran according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: ammonium hydroxide in the S1
Concentration is 5-8mol/L, and the solid-to-liquid ratio of mushroom bran and ammonium hydroxide is 1:5-10 (g/mL).
3. a kind of preparation method of the decomposed object of mushroom bran according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that: ammonia in the S1
Contain 0.5-5g/L PEG and 30-60mg/L glycine ethyl ester hydrochloride in water.
4. a kind of preparation method of the decomposed object of mushroom bran according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: pre-processed in the S1
Temperature is 30-50 DEG C, time 30-60min.
5. a kind of preparation method of the decomposed object of mushroom bran according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: strain group in the S2
Closing object includes saccharomycete, bacillus subtilis and nitrogen-fixing bacteria.
6. a kind of preparation method of the decomposed object of mushroom bran according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the decomposed object of the mushroom bran
The content > 27% of middle humic acid.
7. a kind of preparation method of the decomposed object of mushroom bran according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the decomposed object of the mushroom bran
The content > 2.5% of fulvic acid in humic acid.
8. use of the decomposed object of mushroom bran made from the described in any item preparation methods of claim 1-7 in improvement beach saline-alkali soil
On the way.
9. the modification method of beach saline-alkali soil, it is characterised in that: including supplying claim 1-7 into beach saline-alkali soil
The decomposed object of mushroom bran made from described in any item preparation methods and/or.
10. the modification method of beach saline-alkali soil according to claim 9, it is characterised in that: the beach saline-alkali soil
The dosage of the decomposed object of mushroom bran is 10-30g/kg in earth.
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