CN102584456B - Greening substrate of quarry waste muck as well as preparation method and application of greening substrate - Google Patents
Greening substrate of quarry waste muck as well as preparation method and application of greening substrate Download PDFInfo
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- CN102584456B CN102584456B CN 201210045597 CN201210045597A CN102584456B CN 102584456 B CN102584456 B CN 102584456B CN 201210045597 CN201210045597 CN 201210045597 CN 201210045597 A CN201210045597 A CN 201210045597A CN 102584456 B CN102584456 B CN 102584456B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a greening substrate of quarry waste muck as well as a preparation method and application of the greening substrate. The method comprises the following steps of: selecting the quarry waste muck, artificially sieving with a sieve of 2cm (to remove impurities such as weed), and artificially crushing corn straws to 1-2cm; sealing at a high temperature, and decomposing; proportioning in parts by mass: 40 to 60 parts of muck, 30 to 40 parts of sewage sludge, 10 to 20 parts of straws, 50 to 100g/m<2> of sheep dung, 2 to 6g/m<2> of water holding agent and 15 to 45g/m<2> of bacillus licheniformis fertilizer; and mixing uniformly at normal temperature to obtain the greening substrate. The vegetation substrate or a soil improvement material and a formula can be produced on site, waste soil quantity is reduced, the cost is reduced, and land and vegetation resources are protected; and the greening substrate can be applied to integral greening, local soil dressing greening and bagged greening in semi-humid regions of north China and construction project active regions with seasonal drought, centralized and large rainfall.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of mine entironment and administer the field, relate in particular to afforesting matrix of the discarded dregs in a kind of stone quarry and its preparation method and application.
Background technology
At present, Economic development increases sharply to the Mineral resources demand, the modern city trend pickup, speed-raising is popularized in counties and townships' level urbanization, cause the appearance of a series of construction projects, the industry developments such as mining continue to bring out, excessive and the illegal mining form in mining area, cause stone quarry destruction and endanger various informative, especially strip mining transformation has caused the serious ecological environment problem in mining area: have a strong impact on natural landscape, the landscape fragmentation phenomenon is very serious, destroy original soil surface and vegetation, stop up the river course, the aggravation soil erosion, mining area Soil Surrounding and water body environment are polluted, the disaster such as induced landslide and rubble flow.Simultaneously, the dregs waste of formed abandoned land of digging up mine has numerous extreme nature, main manifestations is that bad, barren, the extreme pH value of physical structure, heavy metal content are too high, arid etc., Land Resource in Mining Area, water surrounding, species diversity and mining area view etc. have all been produced tremendous influence, the simultaneously existence of harm humans and health, range of influence sustainable economic development.
Because most of waste is classified, take directly the arbitrarily form of stacking, the waste size differs in the waste heap, differs greatly, and causes simultaneously subsurface to form huge hole, thereby makes surface water generation serious leakage, causes landform arrangement difficulty large.And the detrital grain that waste is different levels forms, and nutritive ingredient lacks, and water retention capacity is poor, and the Revegetation difficulty of governance is higher.
In the prior art, directly earthing is afforested, because the soil cost is high, haul distance far causes the Revegetation cost high, conventional afforestation does not reach the purpose of sustainable Revegetation, causes plant percent not high.Research about substrate composition is also a lot, appearance such as products such as artificial soil, thick-layer base material type and plant cover concrete prescription, rock matter ecological recovery matrix, high gradient slope ecological slope protection substrate, sludge-spraying and seeding afforesting matrix, coal gangue pulverizing article spraying and seeding afforesting matrix, ecological protection greening substrate for rock slope, sandstone rock slope greening matrix, but, still there are many problems in the practical application, for example, substrate formula is similar, and sectional center is sex-limited large, affects the Revegetation effect.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide and a kind ofly can be applied to half humid region, seasonal drought, rainfall are concentrated and afforesting matrix of the discarded dregs in stone quarry of integrated greening, the greening of local soil moved in to improve the original and the packed greening that carry out in the large movable area of construction project and its preparation method and application.
The objective of the invention is to be achieved through the following technical solutions:
The afforesting matrix of the discarded dregs in stone quarry of the present invention comprises that the stone quarry discards dregs, organism, water-holding agent;
The discarded dregs in described stone quarry is the residuals after the exploitation of stone quarry, and artificial or machinery sieves through 2cm, removes the material of gained behind the weeds material;
Described organism comprises one or more the mixture in sheep excrement, maize straw, Bacillus licheniformis, the air-dry sewage sludge;
The mud that described air-dry sewage sludge is the municipal sewage plant adopts the method for During High-Temperature Composting, and the mature sludge that produces behind the secondary biological fermentation, outward appearance are brown, loose, water ratio 20-30%.
Described water-holding agent is high molecular polymer, and main component is polyacrylate and polyacrylamide interpolymer.
The preparation method that the afforesting matrix of dregs is discarded in above-mentioned stone quarry of the present invention comprises step:
Select the discarded dregs employment worker in stone quarry to sieve 2cm sieve (removing the impurity such as weeds) rear for subsequent use;
Maize straw is processed: manually be crushed to 1-2cm, add microorganism decomposition agent, add afterwards water, carry out elevated-temperature seal and become thoroughly decomposed;
Carry out proportioning by following mass parts: dregs is 40-60 part, and sewage sludge is 30-40 part, and stalk is 10-20 part, sheep excrement 50-100g/m
2, water-holding agent 2-6g/m
2, the fertile 15-45g/m of Bacillus licheniformis
2, above equal dry weight metering;
Above-mentioned raw materials is evenly mixed at normal temperatures.
The application that the afforesting matrix of dregs is discarded in above-mentioned stone quarry of the present invention, this matrix are applicable to the afforesting matrix that the movable waste that produces of construction project is domatic and platform carries out Revegetation in half humid region of North China.
As seen from the above technical solution provided by the invention, afforesting matrix of the discarded dregs in stone quarry provided by the invention and its preparation method and application.Owing to carrying out soil improvement for the discarded dregs of construction project is domatic with platform; utilize as much as possible the waste spoir; add as few as possible mud; stalk; peat; polynary composite slow release is fertile; bio-fertilizer; water-holding agent; the Soil Erosion Prevention and Cure agent; can produce on the spot and plant living matrix or soil improvement material and prescription; reduce waste spoir amount; reduce cost; protection soil and vegetation resources; can be applied to North China half humid region, seasonal drought; the integrated greening that rainfall is concentrated and carry out in the large movable area of construction project; the afforesting matrix of local soil moved in to improve the original greening and packed greening.
Embodiment
The below will be described in further detail the embodiment of the invention.
The afforesting matrix of the discarded dregs in stone quarry of the present invention, its better embodiment is:
Comprise that the stone quarry discards dregs, organism, water-holding agent;
The discarded dregs in described stone quarry is the residuals after the exploitation of stone quarry, and artificial or machinery sieves through 2cm, removes the material of gained behind the weeds material;
Described organism comprises one or more the mixture in sheep excrement, maize straw, Bacillus licheniformis, the air-dry sewage sludge;
The mud that described air-dry sewage sludge is the municipal sewage plant adopts the method for During High-Temperature Composting, and the mature sludge that produces behind the secondary biological fermentation, outward appearance are brown, loose, water ratio 20-30%.
Described water-holding agent is high molecular polymer, and main component is polyacrylate and polyacrylamide interpolymer.
The preparation method of the afforesting matrix of the discarded dregs in above-mentioned stone quarry of the present invention, its better embodiment comprises step:
Select the discarded dregs employment worker in stone quarry to sieve 2cm sieve (removing the impurity such as weeds) rear for subsequent use;
Maize straw is processed: manually be crushed to 1-2cm, add microorganism decomposition agent, add afterwards water, carry out elevated-temperature seal and become thoroughly decomposed;
Carry out proportioning by following mass parts: dregs is 40-60 part, and sewage sludge is 30-40 part, and stalk is 10-20 part, sheep excrement 50-100g/m
2, water-holding agent 2-6g/m
2, the fertile 15-45g/m of Bacillus licheniformis
2, above equal dry weight metering;
Above-mentioned raw materials is evenly mixed at normal temperatures.
The application of the afforesting matrix of the discarded dregs in stone quarry of the present invention, its better embodiment is:
This matrix is applicable to the afforesting matrix that the movable waste that produces of construction project is domatic and platform carries out Revegetation in half humid region of North China.
The herbal prescription in concrete suitable North China is:
Discarded dregs: sewage sludge: the mass ratio of stalk=40: 40: 20, sheep excrement consumption 50g/m
2, water-holding agent 4g/m
2, the fertile 15g/m of Bacillus licheniformis
2
The prescription of suitable North China shrub is:
Discarded dregs: sewage sludge: the mass ratio of stalk=60: 30: 10, sheep excrement consumption 50g/m
2, water-holding agent 6g/m
2, the fertile 30g/m of Bacillus licheniformis
2
The prescription of following any plant in concrete suitable North China is:
Festuca Arundinacea:
Discarded dregs: sewage sludge: the mass ratio of stalk=40: 40: 20, sheep excrement consumption 50g/m
2, water-holding agent 4g/m
2, the fertile 15g/m of Bacillus licheniformis
2
Bermuda grass:
Discarded dregs: sewage sludge: the mass ratio of stalk=40: 40: 20, sheep excrement consumption 50g/m
2, water-holding agent 4g/m
2, the fertile 15g/m of Bacillus licheniformis
2
Alfalfa:
Discarded dregs: sewage sludge: the mass ratio of stalk=40: 40: 20, sheep excrement consumption 50g/m
2, water-holding agent 6g/m
2, the fertile 30g/m of Bacillus licheniformis
2
The coronule flower:
Discarded dregs: sewage sludge: the mass ratio of stalk=60: 30: 10, sheep excrement consumption 50g/m
2, water-holding agent 4g/m
2, the fertile 15g/m of Bacillus licheniformis
2
False indigo:
Discarded dregs: sewage sludge: the mass ratio of stalk=60: 30: 10, sheep excrement consumption 100g/m
2, water-holding agent 6g/m
2, the fertile 30g/m of Bacillus licheniformis
2
Stem or leaf of Shrub Lespedeza:
Discarded dregs: sewage sludge: the mass ratio of stalk=60: 30: 10, sheep excrement consumption 50g/m
2, water-holding agent 4g/m
2, the fertile 30g/m of Bacillus licheniformis
2
Caragana microphylla:
Discarded dregs: sewage sludge: the mass ratio of stalk=60: 30: 10, sheep excrement consumption 50g/m
2, water-holding agent 6g/m
2, the fertile 15g/m of Bacillus licheniformis
2
The afforesting matrix of the discarded dregs in stone quarry, improvement of the present invention North China utilizes the stone quarry discard dregs to greatest extent, reduces and uses vegetable soil and organicly wait other to add raw material, has the characteristics such as the convenience of drawing materials, with low cost, resources conservation.This afforesting matrix to the slaking of one-tenth soil, the supply that increases dregs available nutrient that promote dregs, improve soil physico-chemical characteristic, promote that Revegetation has significant effect.The present invention has not only found a new approach that utilizes for the waste dregs in the quarrying process, and for the afforesting matrix easily characteristics of gathering materials on the spot, suitably select air-dry sewage sludge, maize straw, sheep excrement etc. to be rich in the material of the nutritive element such as organic, carry out utilization of waste as resource.
The present invention carries out fermentation maturity to stalk and processes, and is mixed in proportion the formation substrate formula.The present invention has carried out detailed analysis of physical and chemical property to each substrate formula, through a large amount of pot experiments, analyze the plant-growth index of 7 kind of plant, use multiple parameter data analytical procedure (overall equilbrium method and aggregative weighted point system) and analysis of variance, from 9 kinds of mixed-matrix prescriptions, filter out the optimization formula of suitable for plant growth.
Concrete experimental example:
It is the discarded dregs in stone quarry, maize straw, air-dry sewage sludge, sheep excrement, water-holding agent, Bacillus licheniformis that the present invention has chosen additive.4 kinds of draft are chosen in invention, 3 kinds of shrub plants are tested, 4 kinds of draft: alfalfa, Bermuda grass, coronule flower, Festuca Arundinacea; 3 kinds of shrubs: Stem or leaf of Shrub Lespedeza, false indigo, caragana microphylla.Each additive feature is as follows:
The discarded dregs of matrix of the present invention is the residuals after the stone quarry exploitation, and artificial or machinery sieves through 2cm, removes the material gained such as weeds, such as following table 1.The mud of matrix of the present invention is the method that the air-dry sewage sludge of municipal sewage plant adopts During High-Temperature Composting, the mature sludge that behind the secondary biological fermentation, produces, and outward appearance is brown, and is loose, water ratio 20-30%.The organism of described matrix can be sheep excrement, maize straw, Bacillus licheniformis, air-dry sewage sludge or above-mentioned mixture, and poultry manure (sheep excrement) has high-level amino acid; The fibre content of pulverizing the farm crop maize straw is high, is C source and N source; Ferment inoculum agent (Bacillus licheniformis) has good soil improvement action, effectively controls soil-borne disease, insect pest generation, increases soil fertility, and promotes that root system nutrition absorbs fast.The water-holding agent of described matrix is high molecular polymer, main component is polyacrylate and polyacrylamide interpolymer, and is nontoxic, has very strong water conservation and sustained release performance, the suction multiple can reach 150-400 doubly, effectively improves soil, promotes root growth, conserves water and soil.The plant seed of described matrix selects to adapt to the kind of local climate, especially selects the kind of drought resistance, strong stress resistance.Heavy metal composition and chemical property such as following table 2 and the table 3 of the discarded dregs in used stone quarry and air-dry sewage sludge.
Table 1 dregs granulometric composition table
The heavy metal component list of table 2 dregs and municipal sludge
The chemical property table of table 3 dregs and municipal sludge
The preparation method of afforesting matrix prescription of the present invention carries out according to following steps:
Selecting the discarded dregs employment worker in stone quarry sieved behind the 2cm sieve (removing the impurity such as weeds) for subsequent use;
Maize straw is processed: pulverize and fermentation.The artificial 1-2cm that pulverizes adds microorganism decomposition agent, adds afterwards water, carries out elevated-temperature seal and becomes thoroughly decomposed;
Getting constituent mass is respectively than (take the 2kg dregs as the basis): dregs is as 40-60%, and sewage sludge is 30-40%, and stalk is 10-20%, sheep excrement 50-100g/m
2, water-holding agent 2-6g/m
2, the fertile 15-45g/m of Bacillus licheniformis
2, above equal dry weight metering.
Above-mentioned raw materials is evenly mixed at normal temperatures.
L is adopted in concrete experiment
9(3
4) arrange orthogonal test table such as following table 4:
Table 4 orthogonal test factor and water-glass
Test-results is as follows:
(1) Festuca Arundinacea group: A, C, D are principal element, optimization formula: A
3B
1C
2D
1, namely proportioning is discarded dregs: sewage sludge: stalk=40: 40: 20, and sheep excrement consumption 50g, water-holding agent 4g, during the fertile 15g of Bacillus licheniformis, the most favourable to growth of Festuca elata;
(2) Bermuda grass group: A, D, C are principal element, optimization formula: A
3B
1C
2D
1, namely proportioning is discarded dregs: sewage sludge: stalk=40: 40: 20, and sheep excrement consumption 50g, water-holding agent 4g, during the fertile 15g of Bacillus licheniformis, the most favourable to the Bermuda grass growth;
(3) alfalfa group: C, A, B are principal element, optimization formula: A
3B
1C
3D
2, namely proportioning is discarded dregs: sewage sludge: stalk=40: 40: 20, and sheep excrement consumption 50g, water-holding agent 6g, during the fertile 30g of Bacillus licheniformis, the most favourable to the Bermuda grass growth;
(4) coronule flower group: D, C, B are principal element, optimization formula: A
1B
1C
2D
1, namely proportioning is discarded dregs: sewage sludge: stalk=60: 30: 10, and sheep excrement consumption 50g, water-holding agent 4g, during the fertile 15g of Bacillus licheniformis, the most favourable to the coronule flower growth;
(5) false indigo group: A, C, B are principal element, optimization formula: A
1B
3C
3D
2, namely proportioning is discarded dregs: sewage sludge: stalk=60: 30: 10, and sheep excrement consumption 100g, water-holding agent 6g, during the fertile 30g of Bacillus licheniformis, the most favourable to the false indigo growth;
(6) Stem or leaf of Shrub Lespedeza group: D, A, C are principal element, optimization formula: A
1B
1C
2D
2, namely proportioning is discarded dregs: sewage sludge: stalk=60: 30: 10, and sheep excrement consumption 50g, water-holding agent 4g, during the fertile 30g of Bacillus licheniformis, the most favourable to the Stem or leaf of Shrub Lespedeza growth;
(7) caragana microphylla group: D, A, C are principal element, optimization formula: A
1B
1C
3D
1, namely proportioning is discarded dregs: sewage sludge: stalk=60: 30: 10, and sheep excrement consumption 50g, water-holding agent 6g, during the fertile 15g of Bacillus licheniformis, the most favourable to Growth of Caragana;
Comprehensive above-mentioned prescription, the common herbal prescription in suitable North China is: A
3B
1C
2D
1, namely proportioning is discarded dregs: sewage sludge: stalk=40: 40: 20, and sheep excrement consumption 50g, water-holding agent 4g, during the fertile 15g of Bacillus licheniformis, the most favourable to common herbaceous plant growth; The prescription of the common shrub in suitable North China is: A
1B
1C
3D
2, namely proportioning is discarded dregs: sewage sludge: stalk=60: 30: 10, and sheep excrement consumption 50g, water-holding agent 6g, during the fertile 30g of Bacillus licheniformis, the most favourable to this plant-growth of common shrub.
Compare with prescriptions such as present ecological recovery, greening side slope matrix, the compound substrate formula of the present invention's screening, mainly be for the discarded stone quarry of North China half humid region, in the time of the discarded dregs of improvement, the substrate formula of suitable this area's plant-growth is proposed, satisfy demand of plant growth, surviving rate is high.Because discarded dregs, maize straw, sheep excrement, city sewage and sludge source resource are extensive, draw materials easily, lay a good foundation for of the present invention applying, and have also reduced production cost 25-35%, have improved economy, society and ecological benefits
Specific embodiment:
The discarded dregs afforesting matrix in Zhen Huangyuan village, students in Fangshan District of Beijing Zhou Kou Dian experiment and demonstration engineering---stone quarry is the application in the domatic and platform at waste.
Zhen Huangyuan stone quarry, Zhou Kou Dian, Fangshan District recovery waste side slope and platform belong to the residual discarded rickle natural packing of quarrying and form, and between side slope 30-40 °, use area 10000m
2, construction seasons is the 6-7 month.
Consisting of of the afforesting matrix of improvement dregs: discarded dregs: sewage sludge: stalk=50: 40: 10, sheep excrement consumption 70g/m
2, water-holding agent 4g/m
2, the fertile 30g/m of Bacillus licheniformis
2, plantation false indigo, Festuca Arundinacea, alfalfa, mode domatic at waste and whole, the local greenings of platform employing and plant biological bag greening is prepared the mixture of matrix and seed according to above substrate formula, use afterwards non-textile mulch, and water seasoning.
Effect: germinateed in 3-7 days after the construction, basic Cheng Ping after 1 month, fraction of coverage reaches more than 95%, and plant survival rate reaches more than 80% after half a year.The planting matrix layer was through the natural precipitation in 1 year and manually water, and resistance to overturning is good, reduces greening cost 25-35%, has played good economy, society and ecological benefits.
The above; only for the better embodiment of the present invention, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to this, anyly is familiar with those skilled in the art in the technical scope that the present invention discloses; the variation that can expect easily or replacement all should be encompassed within protection scope of the present invention.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be as the criterion with the protection domain of claims.
Claims (4)
1. the afforesting matrix of the discarded dregs in a stone quarry is characterized in that, comprises that the stone quarry discards dregs, organism and water-holding agent;
The discarded dregs in described stone quarry is the residuals after the exploitation of stone quarry, and artificial or machinery sieves through 2cm, removes the material of gained behind the weeds material;
Described organism is sheep excrement, maize straw, Bacillus licheniformis is fertile and the mixture of air-dry sewage sludge;
The mud that described air-dry sewage sludge is the municipal sewage plant adopts the method for During High-Temperature Composting, and the mature sludge that produces behind the secondary biological fermentation, outward appearance are brown, loose, water ratio 20-30%;
Described water-holding agent is high molecular polymer, and main component is polyacrylate and polyacrylamide interpolymer;
Carry out proportioning by following mass parts: dregs is 40-60 part, and air-dry sewage sludge is 30-40 part, and maize straw is 10-20 part, sheep excrement 50-100g/m
2, water-holding agent 2-6g/m
2, the fertile 15-45g/m of Bacillus licheniformis
2, above equal dry weight metering;
Make by the method for being prepared as follows: select the stone quarry castaway slag rear for subsequent use with manually sieving the 2cm sieve; Described maize straw carries out following processing: manually be crushed to 1-2cm, add microorganism decomposition agent, add afterwards water, carry out elevated-temperature seal and become thoroughly decomposed; Above-mentioned raw materials is evenly mixed at normal temperatures.
2. the application of the afforesting matrix of the discarded dregs in stone quarry claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, this matrix is applicable to the afforesting matrix that the movable waste that produces of construction project is domatic and platform carries out Revegetation in half humid region of North China.
3. the application of the afforesting matrix of the discarded dregs in stone quarry according to claim 2 is characterized in that, the herbal prescription in suitable North China is:
Discarded dregs: air-dry sewage sludge: the mass ratio=40:40:20 of maize straw, sheep excrement consumption 50g/m
2, water-holding agent 4g/m
2, the fertile 15g/m of Bacillus licheniformis
2
The prescription of suitable North China shrub is:
Discarded dregs: air-dry sewage sludge: the mass ratio=60:30:10 of maize straw, sheep excrement consumption 50g/m
2, water-holding agent 6g/m
2, the fertile 30g/m of Bacillus licheniformis
2
4. the application of the afforesting matrix of the discarded dregs in stone quarry according to claim 2 is characterized in that, the prescription of following any plant in suitable North China is:
Festuca Arundinacea:
Discarded dregs: air-dry sewage sludge: the mass ratio=40:40:20 of maize straw, sheep excrement consumption 50g/m
2, water-holding agent 4g/m
2, the fertile 15g/m of Bacillus licheniformis
2
Bermuda grass:
Discarded dregs: air-dry sewage sludge: the mass ratio=40:40:20 of maize straw, sheep excrement consumption 50g/m
2, water-holding agent 4g/m
2, the fertile 15g/m of Bacillus licheniformis
2
Alfalfa:
Discarded dregs: air-dry sewage sludge: the mass ratio=40:40:20 of maize straw, sheep excrement consumption 50g/m
2, water-holding agent 6g/m
2, the fertile 30g/m of Bacillus licheniformis
2
The coronule flower:
Discarded dregs: air-dry sewage sludge: the mass ratio=60:30:10 of maize straw, sheep excrement consumption 50g/m
2, water-holding agent 4g/m
2, the fertile 15g/m of Bacillus licheniformis
2
False indigo:
Discarded dregs: air-dry sewage sludge: the mass ratio=60:30:10 of maize straw, sheep excrement consumption 100g/m
2, water-holding agent 6g/m
2, the fertile 30g/m of Bacillus licheniformis
2
Stem or leaf of Shrub Lespedeza:
Discarded dregs: air-dry sewage sludge: the mass ratio=60:30:10 of maize straw, sheep excrement consumption 50g/m
2, water-holding agent 4g/m
2, the fertile 30g/m of Bacillus licheniformis
2
Caragana microphylla:
Discarded dregs: air-dry sewage sludge: the mass ratio=60:30:10 of maize straw, sheep excrement consumption 50g/m
2, water-holding agent 6g/m
2, the fertile 15g/m of Bacillus licheniformis
2
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