CN108570993B - Ecological vegetation concrete slope protection structure and construction method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The ecological vegetation concrete slope protection structure comprises a slope surface, a vegetation concrete layer and a vegetation seed layer, wherein the vegetation concrete layer is sprayed along the slope surface, the vegetation seed layer is positioned on the vegetation concrete layer, a plurality of concave grooves are distributed on the slope surface at intervals, the vegetation concrete layer is sprayed into the concave grooves to form a zigzag connection structure with the slope surface, and a plurality of recycled disposable chopsticks are arranged in the vegetation concrete layer in a staggered mode at intervals. The invention improves the strength and the adhesive force of the concrete layer and the slope surface by utilizing the physical structure and the recycled disposable chopsticks, has simple structure, can utilize domestic garbage, and is environment-friendly and energy-saving. The invention also provides a construction method of the vegetation concrete slope protection structure, which comprises the steps of preparing vegetation concrete and the like, and the method has simple process, can be mixed before construction, and can ensure the activity of organic matters and wood rotting fungi in the vegetation concrete, so that the organic matters and the wood rotting fungi in the concrete can continuously provide rotting fertilizer effect after the concrete is poured.

Description

Ecological vegetation concrete slope protection structure and construction method thereof

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of side slope ecological restoration, in particular to an ecological vegetation concrete slope protection structure and a construction method thereof.

Background

In the engineering construction of highways, railways, water conservancy and the like, a large number of slopes are often required to be excavated, and the original vegetation cover layer is seriously damaged due to the development of the slopes, so that ecological environment problems such as desertification, water and soil loss, landslide and debris flow are caused. With the advance of modern construction, ecological restoration research has great significance on sustainable development.

Because the preparation of the vegetation concrete needs special low-alkali cementing materials, space, nutrients and moisture which are necessary for the growth of plants are needed, and the durability of the vegetation concrete and the operability of the vegetation replanting are required.

The core method of the existing vegetation concrete slope protection technology is to mix concrete and plant seeds into a spraying base material and spray the mixture onto a side slope. The technology utilizes the bonding effect between concrete and the side slope and the net fixing technology to fix the side slope on the side slope, and simultaneously utilizes green plants to restore the ecology of the side slope. However, the technology has many problems in the practical application process, and the common problems are as follows:

(1) the common concrete is used as the spraying base material, and the firmness between the spraying base material and the side slope is good. However, the addition of common concrete cement causes poor soil structure and easy hardening, air, water and other environments suitable for plant growth are not available in the spraying base material, organic matter degradation and microbial microenvironment formation are not facilitated, the germination rate and survival rate of vegetation seeds are low, and plants cannot be used for restoring ecology;

(2) the pure soil is used as a spraying base material, so that the spraying base material is suitable for plant growth, the firmness between the spraying base material and the side slope is limited to a certain extent, and the strength and the durability of a vegetation concrete layer cannot meet the requirements.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides an ecological vegetation concrete slope protection structure with prominent ecological performance, which aims to solve the technical problem of the vegetation concrete slope protection structure in the prior art.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

the utility model provides an ecological vegetation concrete slope protection structure, slope protection structure includes domaticly, along domatic vegetation concrete layer that sprays, is located the vegetation seed layer on the vegetation concrete layer, a plurality of depressed groove that has interval distribution on domatic, vegetation concrete layer spray to in the depressed groove and domatic formation cockscomb structure connection structure, just the crisscross disposable chopsticks that are provided with a plurality of recoveries of interval in the vegetation concrete layer.

Compared with the prior art, the ecological vegetation concrete slope protection structure provided by the invention has the following beneficial effects:

1. the vegetation concrete layer and the slope form a mutually-meshed connecting structure through the excavation sunken groove, so that the gravity of the vegetation concrete layer is powerfully supported by the slope, compared with the modes of using reinforcing steel bars, steel wires, fixed nets and the like in the prior art, the structure is simpler, the cost is lower, the construction process is simpler, the ecological performance is more prominent, and the mode of replacing an additive material through structural characteristics is more favorable for protecting the ecological structure; in addition, a plurality of recycled disposable chopsticks are arranged in the vegetation concrete layer, the disposable chopsticks enhance the connection strength inside the vegetation concrete layer and play a role of a steel wire in the prior art, but the chopsticks can be decomposed by wood rotting fungi, so that the ecological effect of the chopsticks is far greater than that of materials such as a steel bar and a steel wire.

2. The vegetation concrete layer of the invention replaces the light aggregate in the prior art with sandy loam, because the vegetation concrete not only exerts the structural characteristics of the traditional concrete, but also exerts the ecological restoration function, the invention replaces the light aggregate with sandy loam, because the sandy loam contains a large amount of silt and contains a certain amount of soil, the sandy loam contains abundant nutrients, prepare the concrete with sandy loam as raw materials, can provide necessary nutrients for the growth of vegetation after spraying, this is the function that traditional light aggregate and coarse aggregate can not reach.

2. The special greening additive is added into the vegetation concrete layer, the greening additive utilizes wood rot fungi to rot organic matters, after the organic matters are decomposed, on one hand, nutrients required by growth of various plants are provided, and acid can also be generated, and the acid generated by the decomposition of the organic matters can neutralize the alkalescence of other components in the components, so that the additive disclosed by the invention is combined with PH to maintain subacidity or neutrality; in addition, wood-rotting fungi decay organic matters, wood-rotting fungi hyphae grow, due to the coating effect of the wood-rotting fungi hyphae, the decayed organic matters and the organic matters which are not completely decayed are tightly coated by the wood-rotting fungi hyphae, after the organic matter is added into concrete and sprayed to a side slope, the organic matter is continuously decomposed, on one hand, enough nutrients are provided for plant growth, on the other hand, the air entraining agent used in the prior art is replaced by the organic matter after wood rotting fungus is decomposed, because the slope concrete naturally has loose pores after the organic matters are decomposed, the porosity of the vegetation concrete is improved, the strength of the concrete is not reduced, and the root systems of plants can climb along the decomposed pores of the organic matters, so that the concrete layer and the original slope soil layer organically grow into a whole, due to the pores existing after the organic matter is decomposed, the stability of the side slope concrete is further better.

3. The fly ash used in the raw material of the greening additive is fine ash captured from flue gas generated after coal combustion, and is main solid waste discharged by a thermal power plant, and when the fly ash exists in powder form and water, the fly ash can react with calcium hydroxide or other alkaline earth metal hydroxides at normal temperature to generate a compound with hydraulic gelation performance, so that the compound becomes a material for increasing the strength and durability; the fly ash is doped in the concrete, so that a large amount of cement and fine aggregate can be saved; the water consumption is reduced; the workability of concrete mixture is improved; the pumpability of concrete is enhanced; the creep of the concrete is reduced; reduce the hydration heat and the thermal expansion.

4. The greening additive adopts plant ash as raw materials, wherein the plant ash is ash generated after plants burn, mineral elements contained in the plants are almost contained in the plant ash, the content of the mineral elements is potassium element at most, the plant ash generally contains 6-12% of potassium, more than 90% of the plant ash is water-soluble, and the plant ash exists in the form of carbonate; secondly, phosphorus generally contains 1.5-3 percent; also contains calcium, magnesium, silicon, sulfur, and trace elements such as ferrum, manganese, copper, zinc, boron, molybdenum, etc. When the plant ash is applied in equal amount of potassium, the fertilizer efficiency is better than that of chemical potassium fertilizer. The plant ash disclosed by the invention can provide nutrients for plant growth and can adjust the acid-base property of soil in a concrete spraying area, and the plant ash with wide sources, low cost, complete nutrients and obvious fertilizer efficiency is adopted, so that the effect of adopting a plurality of expensive compound fertilizers in the prior art is achieved, the plant ash can not harden soil and can loosen the soil, and a good survival environment is provided for the growth of microorganisms; the plant ash can increase the ground temperature, so that the growth of plant root systems can be promoted, and the harm of low-temperature cold in early spring is reduced; the plant ash can enhance the disease resistance and lodging resistance of crops, the physiological action of potassium elements in the plant ash in crop bodies can increase the cellulose content in crop stems, cell walls are thickened, the stem strength is enhanced, the plant ash can resist lodging and also enhance the disease and insect damage resistance of the crops, and thus the problem that plants cannot survive after the slope vegetation concrete construction is solved.

5. The calcium organophosphate is added, is white crystal, is 100 percent soluble in water and has a pH value of 2. The organic calcium phosphate is added, so that the strong alkalinity of vegetation concrete at the early stage of spraying can be quickly improved, organic phosphorus is a root-opening source for flower forcing, rooting and root tuber enlargement can be promoted, division of flower bud cells is promoted, and flowering and fruiting are promoted so as to mature in advance. The organic phosphorus can also improve saline soil of saline-alkali soil. The ionic calcium can replace sodium ions from soil colloid, can improve the physical properties of salinized soil and prevent various physiological diseases of vegetation caused by calcium deficiency, so the organic calcium phosphate plays a role in neutralizing strong alkalinity of cement and promoting the growth of slope vegetation.

The invention also provides a construction method of the ecological vegetation concrete slope protection structure, which comprises the following steps:

(1) slope base treatment

①, flattening and backfilling the slope surface, and rolling to compact the slope surface;

② digging a concave groove on the slope surface, and tamping the inner wall of the dug concave groove;

③ inserting the recycled disposable chopsticks on the slope according to the size, and ensuring the vertical distance between the top end of the disposable chopsticks and the slope not less than 100mm after the insertion;

(2) preparation of greening additive

① preparation of organic additive:

adding water with the specific gravity of 65-75% a into an organic matrix with the weight of a, storing for 12 hours, and sterilizing the organic matrix in a steam environment at the temperature of 130-;

adjusting the pH value of the culture medium to make the initial pH value be 4;

mixing wood rot fungi with specific gravity of 0.02-0.06a in culture medium with pH of 4, and fermenting at 30 deg.C in dark condition for 7-12 days to obtain organic additive;

② preparation of inorganic additive:

uniformly mixing fly ash with the specific gravity of 6-12a and plant ash with the specific gravity of 8-14a to obtain an inorganic additive;

③ preparing greening additive:

crushing the organic additive in the step 1 into organic particles with the particle size of 2-10mm, and uniformly mixing the organic particles with the inorganic additive obtained in the step 2 to obtain a greening additive;

(3) preparation of vegetation concrete

Mixing cement, sandy loam, calcium organophosphate, water and the prepared greening additive in the raw material components in proportion, and feeding the mixture into a stirrer to be uniformly stirred to obtain vegetation concrete to be poured;

(5) sprayed vegetation concrete layer

Spraying the prepared vegetation concrete to the slope surface, wherein the spraying thickness is 60-100 mm;

(6) spraying vegetation seed layer

And spraying and sowing the plant seeds which are selected in advance and mixed uniformly on the vegetation concrete layer.

Compared with the prior art, the construction method of the ecological vegetation concrete slope protection structure has the following technical effects:

1. according to the construction method, when the greening additive is prepared, the wood rotting organic matter is taken as a core, and the optimal environment for fermenting and rotting the wood rotting organic matter is determined through a large number of tests and comparisons: the water content of the organic matters is 70%, the temperature is 30 ℃, and the initial PH is 4, so that the optimum decomposition environment of the wood rotting fungi on the organic matters is accurately controlled and researched, the decomposition efficiency of the organic matters is highest, the decomposition is most sufficient, and a good growth environment is provided for the vegetation in the early construction stage of the slope vegetation concrete.

2. The fermented and decayed organic matters are crushed into organic particles with the particle size of 2-10mm, so that vegetation concrete is sprayed to the side slope, natural loose pores exist in the vegetation concrete layer after the organic matters are further decayed gradually, the pores are different in size and appear naturally, a place and an environment are provided for the root system of the vegetation to climb, the vegetation concrete layer and the side slope soil layer grow organically into a whole, and the vegetation can absorb various nutrients generated by decaying of the organic matters in the growing process; in addition, the acid generated by fermentation and decay of organic matters can improve the damage of the concrete to the acid-base property of the soil after the concrete construction, the damage effect of the vegetation concrete to the original soil layer is reduced to the maximum extent, the fertility and the stability of the concrete are increased under the condition of ensuring the characteristics of the vegetation concrete, the long-term survival of plants is more benefited, the addition of the decayed organic matters increases the pores after the concrete is formed and provides a larger growing space for the plants, meanwhile, when the pulverized fuel ash exists in powder form and water, the pulverized fuel ash can react with calcium hydroxide or other alkaline earth metal hydroxides at normal temperature to generate a compound with hydraulic gelling performance to become a material with increased strength and durability, the pulverized fuel ash can react with various oxides in plant ash to generate the compound with the hydraulic gelling performance after the addition of water, the strength and durability of the concrete after the material spraying can be increased, can also increase the concrete pore, reduce the alkalinity and improve the survival rate of plants.

3. The disposable chopsticks inserted and recycled after the slope surface is leveled can enhance the strength of the vegetation concrete layer by utilizing the discarded disposable chopsticks, can also enable the chopsticks to be decomposed by wood rotting fungi for a long time after the vegetation concrete layer is sprayed, and can be combined with elements such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and the like contained in plant ash to form humic acid fertilizers after the decomposition, so that the slope vegetation is further fertilized, the soil can be improved, the vegetation growth is stimulated, and the germination rate and the survival rate of the slope vegetation are improved; after the chopsticks are decayed, pores appear in the vegetation concrete layer, the porosity of the vegetation concrete layer is improved, and powerful conditions are provided for the growth of plants and the supply of water.

4. The preparation method provided by the invention has a simple process, and can be mixed before construction, so that the activity of organic matters and wood rot fungi in vegetation concrete can be ensured, and the organic matters and the wood rot fungi in the concrete can continuously provide the rotting fertilizer effect after the concrete is poured.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of an ecological vegetation concrete slope protection structure according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is an insertion layout view of the disposable chopsticks recovered in the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of example 2 of the present invention;

fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of embodiment 3 of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The invention will be further elucidated with reference to the embodiments described below:

wood decay is caused mainly by wood-decay fungi, which are divided into three major categories: brown rot fungi, white rot fungi and soft rot fungi. Lignin and hemicellulose in plant tissues are combined in a covalent bond mode, and cellulose molecules are embedded in the lignin and the hemicellulose to form a firm natural barrier, so that common microorganisms are difficult to degrade and utilize. The microbial species which are involved in the degradation of lignin in the nature include fungi, actinomycetes, bacteria and the like, but the most effective and most important lignin-degrading microorganisms so far are white rot fungi which can completely degrade lignin into CO2 and H2O.

Before forming a complete technical scheme, the invention carries out special test research on the optimal fermentation and decay conditions of white rot fungi on organic matters, in the test process, straws, sawdust, straw and sawdust are respectively set as the organic matters to carry out the test, the organic matters are crushed into 2-8mm organic particles in the test, four factors of organic matter moisture content, decay temperature, strain inoculation quantity and initial PH value are set in the test, five groups of test groups are respectively set for the test, and each test data is recorded in the test process as the following table 1:

numbering	Organic matter	Water content/(%)	Temperature (. degree.C.)	Initial pH	Inoculum size/(g/kg)
						A1	Straw and stalk	65	25	3	0.125
A2	Straw and stalk	67	27	3.5	0.25
						A3	Straw and stalk	70	30	4	0.5
A4	Straw and stalk	72	32	4.5	1
						A5	Straw and stalk	75	35	5	2
B1	Wood chip	65	25	3	0.125
						B2	Wood chip	75	27	3.5	0.25
B3	Wood chip	72	30	4	0.5
						B4	Wood chip	70	32	4.5	1
B5	Wood chip	65	35	5	2
						C1	Straw and wood dust	65	25	3	2
C2	Straw and wood dust	67	27	3.5	1
						C3	Straw and wood dust	70	30	4	0.5
C4	Straw and wood dust	72	32	4.5	0.25
						C5	Straw and wood dust	75	35	5	0.125

TABLE 1

In the experiment process, the water content and the initial pH value of each group of organic particles are respectively adjusted to reach the preset values in the table 1, then the organic particles are laminated and pressed in a plastic bag, three layers of organic particles are assembled in each experiment, two layers of strains are respectively inoculated between every two layers of organic particles according to the set inoculation amount in the table 1, the plastic bag is tied up and is pricked with enough number of vent holes, the plastic bag is respectively placed in a set temperature environment for fermentation culture, the relative air humidity in the fermentation environment is 70-75%, and the content of crude fiber and crude protein in each group of samples is measured after the samples are cultured according to the preset culture time in the following table 2.

During measurement, the content of the crude protein refers to the GB/T6432-86 standard, the Kjeldahl method is adopted for measurement, each sample is measured for three times, and the average value is taken; the crude fiber content was determined with reference to GB/T6434-86 standard, and each sample was determined in triplicate and averaged. After the test samples were fermented for a predetermined period of time, crude fiber and crude protein contents were measured for each group of samples as shown in table 2:

TABLE 2

As can be seen from the comparison of the data in the table 2, the content of crude protein and crude fiber in the fermentation decomposition product is measured to be the highest when the water content of the organic matter is 70%, the temperature is 30 ℃, the initial PH value is 4 and the inoculation amount is 0.5g/kg, so that the organic matter is decomposed most sufficiently, and accordingly, when the fermentation condition is that the water content of the organic matter is 70%, the temperature is 30 ℃, the initial PH value is 4 and the inoculation amount is 0.5g/kg, the decomposition rate of the white rot fungi on the organic matter is the highest, and the extremely important process parameters in the invention are determined.

Example 1

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, an ecological vegetation concrete slope protection structure comprises a slope surface 10, a vegetation concrete layer 20 sprayed along the slope surface, and a vegetation seed layer 30 located on the vegetation concrete layer, wherein the slope surface 10 is provided with a plurality of rectangular concave grooves 11 distributed at horizontal intervals, the vegetation concrete layer 20 is sprayed into the concave grooves 11 to form a saw-toothed connection structure with the slope surface 10, and the disposable chopsticks 12 for recycling are arranged in the vegetation concrete layer 10 at intervals and in a staggered manner in an inclined manner.

The slope vegetation concrete raw material comprises 40 parts of cement, 150 parts of sandy loam, 5 parts of organic calcium phosphate, 45 parts of greening additive, 18 parts of tap water and 8 parts of recycled disposable chopsticks, wherein: the greening additive comprises the following components in parts by weight: 22 parts of straw organic matter, 4 parts of white rot fungus hypha, 38 parts of fly ash and 36 parts of plant ash.

The construction method of the ecological vegetation concrete slope protection structure comprises the following steps:

(1) slope base treatment

①, flattening and backfilling the slope 10, and rolling to compact the slope;

② digging a depressed trench 11 on the slope and tamping the inner wall of the dug depressed trench 11;

③ the disposable chopsticks 12 are inclined on the slope surface, after being inserted, the vertical distance between the top end of the disposable chopsticks 12 and the slope surface 10 is not less than 100mm, and an included angle of 60 degrees is formed between two adjacent chopsticks;

(2) preparation of greening additive

① preparation of organic additive:

adding water with the specific gravity of 1.54kg into straw organic matrix with the weight of 2.2kg, storing for 12 hours, and sterilizing the organic matrix in a steam environment at 130 ℃ for 30min to obtain a culture medium;

adjusting the pH value of the culture medium to make the initial pH value be 4;

mixing white rot fungi with specific gravity of 2.4g in a culture medium with pH of 4, and fermenting at 30 deg.C in dark for 10 days to obtain organic additive;

② preparation of inorganic additive:

uniformly mixing 3.8kg of fly ash and 3.6kg of plant ash to obtain an inorganic additive;

③ preparing greening additive:

the organic additive in the step ① is crushed into organic particles with the particle size of 2-10mm and then is evenly mixed with the inorganic additive obtained in the step ② to obtain the greening additive;

(3) preparation of vegetation concrete

Mixing cement, sandy loam, calcium organophosphate, tap water and the prepared greening additive in the raw material components in proportion, and feeding the mixture into a stirrer to be uniformly stirred to obtain slope vegetation concrete to be poured;

(4) sprayed vegetation concrete layer

Spraying the prepared vegetation concrete to a slope surface, wherein the spraying thickness is 60 mm;

(5) spraying vegetation seed layer

And (3) spraying and sowing the pre-selected and uniformly mixed amorpha fruticosa seeds, albizia julibrissin seeds and magnolia multiflora seeds on a vegetation concrete layer by using an air pump.

Example 2

As shown in fig. 3, an ecological vegetation concrete slope protection structure, including domatic 10, along domatic 10 vegetation concrete layer 20 that sprays, be located the vegetation seed layer 30 on vegetation concrete layer 20, have horizontal interval distribution's a plurality of semi-circular depressed groove 11 on the domatic 10, vegetation concrete layer 20 sprays form jagged connection structure with domatic in the depressed groove 11, just interval, the crisscross disposable chopsticks 12 that are provided with a plurality of recoveries of slope in the vegetation concrete layer 20.

The concrete raw materials comprise 45 parts of cement, 120 parts of sandy loam, 3 parts of calcium organophosphate, 30 parts of greening additives, 20 parts of tap water and 14 parts of recycled disposable chopsticks, wherein: the greening additive comprises 22 parts of straw organic matters, 0.6 part of brown rot fungus hyphae, 37.4 parts of fly ash and 40 parts of plant ash.

The construction method of the ecological vegetation concrete slope protection structure comprises the following steps:

(1) slope base treatment

①, flattening and backfilling the slope 10, and rolling to compact the slope;

② digging a depressed trench 11 on the slope and tamping the inner wall of the dug depressed trench 11;

③ the disposable chopsticks 12 are inclined on the slope surface, after being inserted, the vertical distance between the top end of the disposable chopsticks 12 and the slope surface is not less than 100mm, and an included angle of 30 degrees is formed between two adjacent chopsticks;

(2) preparation of greening additive

① preparation of organic additive:

adding water with the specific gravity of 1.54kg into straw organic matrix with the weight of 2.2kg, storing for 12 hours, and sterilizing the organic matrix in a steam environment at 130 ℃ for 30min to obtain a culture medium;

adjusting the pH value of the culture medium to make the initial pH value be 4;

mixing brown rot fungus with specific gravity of 2.4g into a culture medium with pH of 4, and fermenting at 30 deg.C in dark for 11 days to obtain organic additive;

② preparation of inorganic additive:

uniformly mixing 3.74kg of fly ash and 4kg of plant ash to obtain an inorganic additive;

③, preparing greening additive:

the organic additive in the step ① is crushed into organic particles with the particle size of 2-10mm and then is evenly mixed with the inorganic additive obtained in the step ② to obtain the greening additive;

(3) preparation of slope vegetation concrete

Mixing cement, sandy loam, calcium organophosphate, tap water and the prepared greening additive in the raw material components in proportion, and feeding the mixture into a stirrer to be uniformly stirred to obtain vegetation concrete to be poured;

(4) sprayed vegetation concrete layer

Spraying the prepared vegetation concrete to a slope surface, wherein the spraying thickness is 100 mm;

(5) spraying vegetation seed layer

And (3) spraying and sowing the pre-selected and uniformly mixed amorpha fruticosa seeds, albizia julibrissin seeds and magnolia multiflora seeds on a vegetation concrete layer by using an air pump.

Example 3

As shown in fig. 4, an ecological vegetation concrete slope protection structure comprises a slope 10, a vegetation concrete layer 20 sprayed along the slope 10, and a vegetation seed layer 30 located on the vegetation concrete layer 20, the slope 10 is provided with a plurality of triangular concave grooves 11 distributed at horizontal intervals, the vegetation concrete layer 20 is sprayed into the concave grooves 11 and the slope 10 form a saw-toothed connection structure, and the vegetation concrete layer 20 is provided with a plurality of recycled disposable chopsticks 12 in a staggered manner of interval and inclination.

The slope vegetation concrete raw material comprises 62 parts of cement, 140 parts of sandy loam, 5 parts of organic calcium phosphate, 50 parts of greening additive, 23 parts of tap water and 12 parts of recycled disposable chopsticks, wherein: the greening additive comprises the following components in parts by weight: 16 parts of wood chip organic matter, 8 parts of soft rot fungus hypha, 36 parts of fly ash and 40 parts of plant ash.

The construction method of the ecological vegetation concrete slope protection structure comprises the following steps:

(1) slope base treatment

①, carrying out flattening and backfilling on the slope 10, and rolling to compact the slope 10;

② digging a depressed trench 11 on the slope and tamping the inner wall of the dug depressed trench 11;

③ the disposable chopsticks 12 are inclined on the slope surface, after being inserted, the vertical distance between the top end of the disposable chopsticks 12 and the slope surface is not less than 100mm, and an included angle of 45 degrees is formed between two adjacent chopsticks;

(2) preparation of additive for greening

① preparation of organic additive:

adding water with the specific gravity of 1.12kg into a wood chip organic substrate with the weight of 1.6kg, storing for 12 hours, and sterilizing the organic substrate in a steam environment at 150 ℃ for 30min to obtain a culture medium;

adjusting the pH value of the culture medium to make the initial pH value be 4;

mixing soft rot fungi with specific gravity of 1.0g into a culture medium with pH of 4, and fermenting at 30 deg.C in dark for 7 days to obtain organic additive;

② preparation of inorganic additive:

uniformly mixing 3.6kg of fly ash and 4kg of plant ash to obtain an inorganic additive;

③ preparing greening additive:

the organic additive in the step ① is crushed into organic particles with the particle size of 2-10mm and then is evenly mixed with the inorganic additive obtained in the step ② to obtain the greening additive;

(2) preparation of vegetation concrete

The method comprises the steps of mixing cement, sandy loam, calcium organophosphate, tap water and prepared greening additives in raw material components in proportion, and feeding the mixture into a stirrer to be uniformly stirred to obtain the vegetation concrete to be poured.

Example 4

The raw material proportion of the ecological vegetation concrete layer is 60 parts of cement, 160 parts of sandy soil, 4 parts of calcium organophosphate, 40 parts of greening additive and 24 parts of tap water, wherein: the greening additive comprises the following components in parts by weight: 22 parts of wood chip organic matter, 8 parts of white rot fungus hypha, 38 parts of fly ash and 32 parts of plant ash.

Example 5

The raw material proportion of the ecological vegetation concrete layer is also provided, and the ecological vegetation concrete layer comprises 50 parts of cement, 200 parts of sandy soil, 4 parts of calcium organophosphate, 20 parts of greening additive and 26 parts of tap water, wherein: the greening additive comprises the following components in parts by weight: 25 parts of wood chip and straw mixed organic matter, 6 parts of white rot fungus hypha, 30 parts of fly ash and 39 parts of plant ash.

Example 6

The raw material proportion of the ecological vegetation concrete layer is 55 parts of cement, 220 parts of sandy soil, 6 parts of calcium organophosphate, 60 parts of greening additive and 28 parts of tap water, wherein: the greening additive comprises the following components in parts by weight: 26 parts of straw and wood chip mixed organic matter, 2 parts of white rot fungus hypha, 34 parts of fly ash and 38 parts of plant ash.

In the construction method in the embodiment of the invention, a plurality of recovered chopsticks are inserted on the slope surface at intervals and obliquely and alternately before the vegetation concrete layer is sprayed, and the chopsticks can be decomposed by wood rot fungi because the disposable chopsticks are made of wood or bamboo, but the decomposition speed of the chopsticks is far less than organic matters in the components because the density of the chopsticks is more than that of wood chips or straw organic matters in the components; the addition of chopsticks has played the effect of reinforcing concrete layer, it has strengthened the wholeness of concrete in the unit area, the effect of similar steel wire has been played, but the side slope concrete need not use metal material such as steel wire, reinforcing bar to the requirement of intensity, the chopsticks of retrieving are used instead, not only can increase side slope vegetation concrete layer's intensity, can also make side slope vegetation concrete long-term corruption back, the inside overflowing hole that appears in concrete layer, the porosity of concrete has been increased, provide the space for vegetation, promote the root system of plant to grow to in the concrete layer, thereby thoroughly solve the problem of concrete injection back and former side slope soil layering.

In 3 months 2014, three vegetation concretes which also use additives are selected in the prior art, and the sloping fields after the three concrete materials are sprayed and the sloping fields after the vegetation concretes of the ecological restoration side slope provided by the embodiments 1 to 6 of the invention are respectively used for tracking and measuring. The experiment is carried out on a slope in Yunnan province, various characteristics are considered comprehensively, the experiment is divided into 9 sample areas, the sampling area is 21m multiplied by 21m, each sample division area is 7m multiplied by 7m, one seed is planted in each sample division area at intervals of 20cm, namely 35 multiplied by 35 is 1225 seeds are planted in each sample division area, 7 types of seeds are planted in each sample division area, each type of seeds are in a row, and the tracking record indexes mainly comprise: germination rate and survival rate, wherein:

the germination rate is (number of germinated seeds/number of seeds for detection) 100%;

survival rate (number of surviving seeds/number of germinating seeds) 100%;

in the formula: the number of seeds for detection is 1225.

The experiment is that the ecological restoration slope vegetation concrete spraying is completed in 3 months in 2014, the vegetation seed germination rate is measured in the middle ten days of 4 months, the vegetation survival rate is measured again in 9 months after the trail, and the experimental data records are as the following table 3:

additive type	Sample plot number	Germination rate/%	Survival rate/%
				Existing A	01	71.1	61.2
Existing B	02	68.0	53.6
				Existing C	03	75.2	56.7
Example 1	04	87.3	96.3
				Example 2	05	86.4	93.6
Example 3	06	88.7	97.7
				Example 4	07	91.8	96.1
Example 5	08	85.2	94.9
				Example 6	09	87.6	95.2

TABLE 3

As can be seen from the statistical data in table 3, the germination rates and survival rates of the seeds measured in the test groups of examples 1 to 6 were greater than those obtained using vegetation concrete of the prior art, and the germination rates of the seeds reached 87.9% and the survival rates reached 95.7%. Therefore, the ecological vegetation concrete slope protection structure provided by the invention can obviously improve the germination rate and survival rate of vegetation on the construction side slope.

It should be understood by those skilled in the art that various modifications and equivalent changes may be made to the technical solution of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present invention, and the technical solution of the present invention is covered by the claims.

Claims (3)

1. The utility model provides an ecological vegetation concrete slope protection structure which characterized in that: the slope protection structure comprises a slope surface, a vegetation concrete layer and a vegetation seed layer, wherein the vegetation concrete layer is sprayed along the slope surface, the vegetation seed layer is positioned on the vegetation concrete layer, a plurality of concave grooves are distributed on the slope surface at intervals, the vegetation concrete layer is sprayed into the concave grooves to form a zigzag connection structure with the slope surface, and a plurality of recycled disposable chopsticks are arranged in the vegetation concrete layer at intervals in a staggered manner;

the vegetation concrete layer comprises, by weight, 40-62 parts of cement, 120-220 parts of sandy soil, 3-6 parts of organic calcium phosphate, 20-60 parts of greening additives and 18-28 parts of tap water;

wherein the greening additive comprises the following components in parts by weight: 14-26 parts of organic matters, 0.6-8 parts of wood rotting fungus mycelia, 30-38 parts of fly ash and 32-40 parts of plant ash.

2. The ecological vegetation concrete slope protection structure of claim 1, characterized in that: the wood rotting fungus hyphae are white rotting fungus hyphae, and the organic matter is wood chips and/or straws.

3. The construction method of the ecological vegetation concrete slope protection structure of claim 1 or 2, characterized by comprising the steps of:

(1) slope base treatment

①, flattening and backfilling the slope surface, and rolling to compact the slope surface;

② digging a concave groove on the slope surface, and tamping the inner wall of the dug concave groove;

③ inserting the recycled disposable chopsticks on the slope according to the size, and ensuring the vertical distance between the top end of the disposable chopsticks and the slope not less than 100mm after the insertion;

(2) preparation of greening additive

① preparation of organic additive:

adding water with the specific gravity of 65-75% a into an organic matrix with the weight of a, storing for 12 hours, and sterilizing the organic matrix in a steam environment at the temperature of 130-;

adjusting the pH value of the culture medium to make the initial pH value be 4;

mixing wood rot fungi with specific gravity of 0.02-0.06a in culture medium with pH of 4, and fermenting at 30 deg.C in dark condition for 7-12 days to obtain organic additive;

② preparation of inorganic additive:

uniformly mixing fly ash with the specific gravity of 6-12a and plant ash with the specific gravity of 8-14a to obtain an inorganic additive;

③ preparing greening additive:

crushing the organic additive in the step 1 into organic particles with the particle size of 2-10mm, and uniformly mixing the organic particles with the inorganic additive obtained in the step 2 to obtain a greening additive;

(3) preparation of vegetation concrete

Mixing cement, sandy loam, calcium organophosphate, water and the prepared greening additive in the raw material components in proportion, and feeding the mixture into a stirrer to be uniformly stirred to obtain vegetation concrete to be poured;

(4) sprayed vegetation concrete layer

Spraying the prepared vegetation concrete to the slope surface, wherein the spraying thickness is 60-100 mm;

(5) spraying vegetation seed layer

And spraying and sowing the plant seeds which are selected in advance and mixed uniformly on the vegetation concrete layer.

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