CN102584456A - Greening substrate of quarry waste muck as well as preparation method and application of greening substrate - Google Patents
Greening substrate of quarry waste muck as well as preparation method and application of greening substrate Download PDFInfo
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- CN102584456A CN102584456A CN2012100455972A CN201210045597A CN102584456A CN 102584456 A CN102584456 A CN 102584456A CN 2012100455972 A CN2012100455972 A CN 2012100455972A CN 201210045597 A CN201210045597 A CN 201210045597A CN 102584456 A CN102584456 A CN 102584456A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a greening substrate of quarry waste muck as well as a preparation method and application of the greening substrate. The method comprises the following steps of: selecting the quarry waste muck, artificially sieving with a sieve of 2cm (to remove impurities such as weed), and artificially crushing corn straws to 1-2cm; sealing at a high temperature, and decomposing; proportioning in parts by mass: 40 to 60 parts of muck, 30 to 40 parts of sewage sludge, 10 to 20 parts of straws, 50 to 100g/m<2> of sheep dung, 2 to 6g/m<2> of water holding agent and 15 to 45g/m<2> of bacillus licheniformis fertilizer; and mixing uniformly at normal temperature to obtain the greening substrate. The vegetation substrate or a soil improvement material and a formula can be produced on site, waste soil quantity is reduced, the cost is reduced, and land and vegetation resources are protected; and the greening substrate can be applied to integral greening, local soil dressing greening and bagged greening in semi-humid regions of north China and construction project active regions with seasonal drought, centralized and large rainfall.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of mine entironment and administer the field, relate in particular to the afforesting matrix of the discarded dregs in a kind of stone quarry.
Background technology
At present; Economic development is to the increasing sharply of Mineral resources demand, modern city trend pickup; Speed-raising is popularized in counties and townships' level urbanization, causes the appearance of a series of construction projects, and industry developments such as mining continue to bring out; Excessive and the illegal exploitation form in mining area; Cause the stone quarry destroy and endanger various informative, especially strip mining transformation, caused the serious ecological environment problem in mining area: have a strong impact on natural landscape, landscape fragmentation phenomenon very serious, destroy original soil face of land and vegetation, obstruction river course, aggravation soil erosion, mining area periphery soil and water body environment receive pollutions, bring out and come down and great disasters such as rubble flow.Simultaneously; The dregs waste of formed abandoned land of digging up mine has numerous extreme nature; Show as mainly that bad, barren, the extreme pH value of physical structure, heavy metal content are too high, arid etc.; Mining area land resources, water surrounding, species diversity and mining area view etc. have all been produced tremendous influence, the existence of harm humans simultaneously and health, range of influence sustainable economic development.
Because most of waste is classified, take directly the arbitrarily form of stacking, the waste size differs in the waste heap, differs greatly, and causes subsurface to form huge hole simultaneously, thereby makes surface water that serious seepage take place, and causes landform arrangement difficulty big.And waste is the detrital grain of different levels to be formed, and nutritive ingredient lacks, and water retention capacity is poor, and the Revegetation difficulty of governance is higher.
In the prior art, directly earthing is afforested, because the soil cost is high, haul distance far causes the Revegetation cost high, conventional afforestation does not reach the purpose of sustainable Revegetation, causes plant percent not high.Research about substrate composition is also a lot; Still, still there are many problems in appearance like products such as artificial soil, thick-layer base material type and plant cover concrete property prescription, rock matter ecological recovery matrix, high gradient slope ecological slope protection substrate, sludge-spraying and seeding afforesting matrix, coal gangue pulverizing article spraying and seeding afforesting matrix, ecological protection greening substrate for rock slope, sandstone rock slope greening matrix in the practical application; For example; Substrate formula is similar, and sectional center is sex-limited big, influences the Revegetation effect.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide and a kind ofly can be applied to half humid region, seasonal drought, rainfall are concentrated and the afforesting matrix of the discarded dregs in stone quarry of integrated greening, the greening of local soil moved in to improve the original and the packed greening that carry out in the big movable area of construction project.
The objective of the invention is to realize through following technical scheme:
The afforesting matrix of the discarded dregs in stone quarry of the present invention comprises that the stone quarry discards dregs, organism, water-holding agent;
The discarded dregs in said stone quarry is the residuals after the exploitation of stone quarry, sieves the material of gained behind the removal weeds material through 2cm manual work or machinery;
Said organism comprises one or more the mixture in sheep excrement, corn straw, Bacillus licheniformis, the air-dry sewage sludge;
The mud that said air-dry sewage sludge is the municipal sewage plant adopts the method for During High-Temperature Composting, and the mature sludge that behind the secondary biological fermentation, produces, outward appearance are brown, loose, water ratio 20-30%.
Said water-holding agent is a high molecular polymer, and staple is polyacrylate and SEPIGEL 305 interpolymer.
The preparation method that the afforesting matrix of dregs is discarded in above-mentioned stone quarry of the present invention comprises step:
It is subsequent use to select stone quarry discarded dregs personnel selection worker to sieve 2cm sieve (removing impurity such as weeds) back;
Corn straw is handled: manual work is crushed to 1-2cm, adds microorganism decomposition agent, adds water afterwards, carries out elevated-temperature seal and becomes thoroughly decomposed;
Carry out proportioning by following mass parts: dregs is 40-60 part, and sewage sludge is 30-40 part, and stalk is 10-20 part, sheep excrement 50-100g/m
2, water-holding agent 2-6g/m
2, the fertile 15-45g/m of Bacillus licheniformis
2, more than all dry weight meterings;
With above-mentioned raw materials at normal temperatures uniform mixing form.
The application that the afforesting matrix of dregs is discarded in above-mentioned stone quarry of the present invention, this matrix are applicable to the domatic afforesting matrix that carries out Revegetation with platform of the movable waste that produces of the construction project in half humid region of North China.
Technical scheme by the invention described above provides can be found out, the afforesting matrix of the discarded dregs in stone quarry provided by the invention.Owing to carry out soil improvement with platform to construction project depleted dregs is domatic; Utilize the waste spoir as much as possible; Add mud, stalk, peat, polynary composite slow release fertilizer, bio-fertilizer, water-holding agent, Soil Erosion Prevention and Cure agent as few as possible, can plant living matrix or soil improvement material and prescription by produce in situ, reduce waste spoir amount; Reduce cost; Protection soil and vegetation resources can be applied to North China half humid region, and seasonal drought, rainfall are concentrated and the afforesting matrix of integrated greening, the greening of local soil moved in to improve the original and the packed greening that carry out in the big movable area of construction project.
Embodiment
To do to describe in detail further to the embodiment of the invention below.
The afforesting matrix of the discarded dregs in stone quarry of the present invention, its preferable embodiment is:
Comprise that the stone quarry discards dregs, organism, water-holding agent;
The discarded dregs in said stone quarry is the residuals after the exploitation of stone quarry, sieves the material of gained behind the removal weeds material through 2cm manual work or machinery;
Said organism comprises one or more the mixture in sheep excrement, corn straw, Bacillus licheniformis, the air-dry sewage sludge;
The mud that said air-dry sewage sludge is the municipal sewage plant adopts the method for During High-Temperature Composting, and the mature sludge that behind the secondary biological fermentation, produces, outward appearance are brown, loose, water ratio 20-30%.
Said water-holding agent is a high molecular polymer, and staple is polyacrylate and SEPIGEL 305 interpolymer.
The preparation method of the afforesting matrix of the discarded dregs in above-mentioned stone quarry of the present invention, its preferable embodiment comprises step:
It is subsequent use to select stone quarry discarded dregs personnel selection worker to sieve 2cm sieve (removing impurity such as weeds) back;
Corn straw is handled: manual work is crushed to 1-2cm, adds microorganism decomposition agent, adds water afterwards, carries out elevated-temperature seal and becomes thoroughly decomposed;
Carry out proportioning by following mass parts: dregs is 40-60 part, and sewage sludge is 30-40 part, and stalk is 10-20 part, sheep excrement 50-100g/m
2, water-holding agent 2-6g/m
2, the fertile 15-45g/m of Bacillus licheniformis
2, more than all dry weight meterings;
With above-mentioned raw materials at normal temperatures uniform mixing form.
The application of the afforesting matrix of the discarded dregs in stone quarry of the present invention, its preferable embodiment is:
This matrix is applicable to the domatic afforesting matrix that carries out Revegetation with platform of the movable waste that produces of the construction project in half humid region of North China.
The herbal prescription in concrete suitable North China is:
Discarded dregs: sewage sludge: the mass ratio of stalk=40: 40: 20, sheep excrement consumption 50g/m
2, water-holding agent 4g/m
2, the fertile 15g/m of Bacillus licheniformis
2
The prescription of suitable North China shrub is:
Discarded dregs: sewage sludge: the mass ratio of stalk=60: 30: 10, sheep excrement consumption 50g/m
2, water-holding agent 6g/m
2, the fertile 30g/m of Bacillus licheniformis
2
The prescription of any plant below the concrete suitable North China is:
Festuca Arundinacea:
Discarded dregs: sewage sludge: the mass ratio of stalk=40: 40: 20, sheep excrement consumption 50g/m
2, water-holding agent 4g/m
2, the fertile 15g/m of Bacillus licheniformis
2
Bermuda grass:
Discarded dregs: sewage sludge: the mass ratio of stalk=40: 40: 20, sheep excrement consumption 50g/m
2, water-holding agent 4g/m
2, the fertile 15g/m of Bacillus licheniformis
2
Alfalfa:
Discarded dregs: sewage sludge: the mass ratio of stalk=40: 40: 20, sheep excrement consumption 50g/m
2, water-holding agent 6g/m
2, the fertile 30g/m of Bacillus licheniformis
2
The coronule flower:
Discarded dregs: sewage sludge: the mass ratio of stalk=60: 30: 10, sheep excrement consumption 50g/m
2, water-holding agent 4g/m
2, the fertile 15g/m of Bacillus licheniformis
2
False indigo:
Discarded dregs: sewage sludge: the mass ratio of stalk=60: 30: 10, sheep excrement consumption 100g/m
2, water-holding agent 6g/m
2, the fertile 30g/m of Bacillus licheniformis
2
Stem or leaf of Shrub Lespedeza:
Discarded dregs: sewage sludge: the mass ratio of stalk=60: 30: 10, sheep excrement consumption 50g/m
2, water-holding agent 4g/m
2, the fertile 30g/m of Bacillus licheniformis
2
Caragana microphylla:
Discarded dregs: sewage sludge: the mass ratio of stalk=60: 30: 10, sheep excrement consumption 50g/m
2, water-holding agent 6g/m
2, the fertile 15g/m of Bacillus licheniformis
2
The afforesting matrix of the discarded dregs in stone quarry, improvement of the present invention North China utilizes the stone quarry discard dregs to greatest extent, reduces and uses vegetable soil and organic matter to wait other interpolation raw material, has characteristics such as the convenience of drawing materials, with low cost, resources conservation.This afforesting matrix to the slaking of one-tenth soil, the supply that increases dregs available nutrient that promote dregs, improve soil physico-chemical characteristic, promote that Revegetation has significant effect.The present invention is not merely waste dregs in the quarrying process and has found a new approach that utilizes; And to the afforesting matrix characteristics easily of gathering materials on the spot; Suitably select for use air-dry sewage sludge, corn straw, sheep excrement etc. to be rich in the material of nutritive element such as organic matter, carry out utilization of waste as resource.
The present invention carries out fermentation maturity to stalk and handles, and proportional mixing forms substrate formula.The present invention has carried out detailed analysis of physical and chemical property to each substrate formula; Through a large amount of pot experiments; Analyze the plant-growth index of 7 kind of plant; Use many achievement datas analytical procedure (overall equilbrium method and aggregative weighted point system) and analysis of variance, from 9 kinds of mixed-matrix prescriptions, filter out the optimization formula of suitable plant-growth.
Concrete experimental example:
It is the discarded dregs in stone quarry, corn straw, air-dry sewage sludge, sheep excrement, water-holding agent, Bacillus licheniformis that the present invention has chosen additive.4 kinds of draft are chosen in invention, 3 kinds of shrub plants make an experiment, 4 kinds of draft: alfalfa, Bermuda grass, coronule flower, Festuca Arundinacea; 3 kinds of shrubs: Stem or leaf of Shrub Lespedeza, false indigo, caragana microphylla.Each additive characteristic is following:
The discarded dregs of matrix of the present invention is the residuals after the exploitation of stone quarry, sieves through 2cm manual work or machinery, removes material gained such as weeds, like following table 1.The mud of matrix of the present invention is the method that the air-dry sewage sludge of municipal sewage plant adopts During High-Temperature Composting, the mature sludge that behind the secondary biological fermentation, produces, and outward appearance is brown, and is loose, water ratio 20-30%.The organism of said matrix can be sheep excrement, corn straw, Bacillus licheniformis, air-dry sewage sludge or above-mentioned mixture, and poultry manure (sheep excrement) has high-level amino acid; The fibre content of pulverizing the farm crop corn straw is high, is C source and N source; Ferment inoculum agent (Bacillus licheniformis) has good soil improvement action, effectively controls soil-borne disease, insect pest generation, increases soil fertility, and promotes the root system nutrition rapid absorption.The water-holding agent of said matrix is a high molecular polymer; Staple is polyacrylate and SEPIGEL 305 interpolymer, and is nontoxic, has very strong water conservation and sustained release performance; The suction multiple can reach 150-400 doubly, effectively improves the soil, promotes root growth, conserves water and soil.The plant seed of said matrix selects to adapt to the kind of local climate, especially selects the kind of drought resistance, strong stress resistance.The heavy metal composition of discarded dregs in used stone quarry and air-dry sewage sludge and chemical property such as following table 2 and table 3.
Table 1 dregs granulometric composition table
The heavy metal component list of table 2 dregs and municipal sludge
The chemical property table of table 3 dregs and municipal sludge
The preparation method of afforesting matrix prescription of the present invention carries out according to following steps:
Selecting stone quarry discarded dregs personnel selection worker, to sieve 2cm sieve (removing impurity such as weeds) back subsequent use;
Corn straw is handled: pulverize and fermentation.The artificial 1-2cm that pulverizes adds microorganism decomposition agent, adds water afterwards, carries out elevated-temperature seal and becomes thoroughly decomposed;
Getting constituent mass is respectively than (being the basis with the 2kg dregs): dregs is 40-60%, and sewage sludge is 30-40%, and stalk is 10-20%, sheep excrement 50-100g/m
2, water-holding agent 2-6g/m
2, the fertile 15-45g/m of Bacillus licheniformis
2, more than all dry weight meterings.
With above-mentioned raw materials at normal temperatures uniform mixing form.
L is adopted in concrete experiment
9(3
4) arrange orthogonal test table such as following table 4:
Table 4 orthogonal test factor and water-glass
Test-results is following:
(1) Festuca Arundinacea group: A, C, D are principal element, optimization formula: A
3B
1C
2D
1, promptly proportioning is discarded dregs: sewage sludge: stalk=40: 40: 20, and sheep excrement consumption 50g, water-holding agent 4g, during Bacillus licheniformis fertilizer 15g, the most favourable to growth of Festuca elata;
(2) Bermuda grass group: A, D, C are principal element, optimization formula: A
3B
1C
2D
1, promptly proportioning is discarded dregs: sewage sludge: stalk=40: 40: 20, and sheep excrement consumption 50g, water-holding agent 4g, during Bacillus licheniformis fertilizer 15g, the most favourable to the Bermuda grass growth;
(3) alfalfa group: C, A, B are principal element, optimization formula: A
3B
1C
3D
2, promptly proportioning is discarded dregs: sewage sludge: stalk=40: 40: 20, and sheep excrement consumption 50g, water-holding agent 6g, during Bacillus licheniformis fertilizer 30g, the most favourable to the Bermuda grass growth;
(4) coronule flower group: D, C, B are principal element, optimization formula: A
1B
1C
2D
1, promptly proportioning is discarded dregs: sewage sludge: stalk=60: 30: 10, and sheep excrement consumption 50g, water-holding agent 4g, during Bacillus licheniformis fertilizer 15g, the most favourable to the coronule flower growth;
(5) false indigo group: A, C, B are principal element, optimization formula: A
1B
3C
3D
2, promptly proportioning is discarded dregs: sewage sludge: stalk=60: 30: 10, and sheep excrement consumption 100g, water-holding agent 6g, during Bacillus licheniformis fertilizer 30g, the most favourable to the false indigo growth;
(6) Stem or leaf of Shrub Lespedeza group: D, A, C are principal element, optimization formula: A
1B
1C
2D
2, promptly proportioning is discarded dregs: sewage sludge: stalk=60: 30: 10, and sheep excrement consumption 50g, water-holding agent 4g, during Bacillus licheniformis fertilizer 30g, the most favourable to the Stem or leaf of Shrub Lespedeza growth;
(7) caragana microphylla group: D, A, C are principal element, optimization formula: A
1B
1C
3D
1, promptly proportioning is discarded dregs: sewage sludge: stalk=60: 30: 10, and sheep excrement consumption 50g, water-holding agent 6g, during Bacillus licheniformis fertilizer 15g, the most favourable to the caragana microphylla growth;
Comprehensive above-mentioned prescription, the common herbal prescription in suitable North China is: A
3B
1C
2D
1, promptly proportioning is discarded dregs: sewage sludge: stalk=40: 40: 20, and sheep excrement consumption 50g, water-holding agent 4g, during Bacillus licheniformis fertilizer 15g, the most favourable to common herbage growth; The prescription of the common shrub in suitable North China is: A
1B
1C
3D
2, promptly proportioning is discarded dregs: sewage sludge: stalk=60: 30: 10, and sheep excrement consumption 50g, water-holding agent 6g, during Bacillus licheniformis fertilizer 30g, the most favourable to this plant-growth of common shrub.
Compare with prescriptions such as present ecological recovery, greening side slope matrix; The compound substrate formula of the present invention's screening; Mainly be to half humid region depleted stone quarry, North China, when dregs is discarded in improvement, propose the substrate formula of suitable this area's plant-growth; Satisfy demand of plant growth, surviving rate is high.Because discarded dregs, corn straw, sheep excrement, city sewage and sludge source resource are extensive, draw materials easily, lay a good foundation for of the present invention applying, and have also reduced production cost 25-35%, have improved economy, society and ecological benefits
Specific embodiment:
The discarded dregs afforesting matrix in Zhen Huangyuan village, Zhou Kou Dian, Fangshan District, Beijing experiment and demonstration engineering---stone quarry is the application in the domatic and platform at waste.
Zhen Huangyuan stone quarry, Zhou Kou Dian, Fangshan District is recovered waste side slope and platform and is belonged to the residual discarded rickle of quarrying and pile up naturally and form, between side slope 30-40 °, and application area 10000m
2, construction seasons is the 6-7 month.
Consisting of of the afforesting matrix of improvement dregs: discarded dregs: sewage sludge: stalk=50: 40: 10, sheep excrement consumption 70g/m
2, water-holding agent 4g/m
2, the fertile 30g/m of Bacillus licheniformis
2, plantation false indigo, Festuca Arundinacea, alfalfa, domatic and platform adopts all, the mode of local greening and plant biological bag greening is according to the mixture of above substrate formula preparation matrix and seed at waste, cover with non-woven fabrics afterwards, and water seasoning.
Effect: germinateed in the construction back in 3-7 days, basic Cheng Ping after 1 month, and fraction of coverage reaches more than 95%, and plant survival rate reaches more than 80% after half a year.The plantation hypothallus waters through natural precipitation and the manual work in 1 year, and resistance to overturning is good, reduces greening cost 25-35%, has played good economy, society and ecological benefits.
The above; Be merely the preferable embodiment of the present invention, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, any technician who is familiar with the present technique field is in the technical scope that the present invention discloses; The variation that can expect easily or replacement all should be encompassed within protection scope of the present invention.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be as the criterion with the protection domain of claims.
Claims (5)
1. the afforesting matrix of the discarded dregs in a stone quarry is characterized in that, comprises that the stone quarry discards dregs, organism, water-holding agent;
The discarded dregs in said stone quarry is the residuals after the exploitation of stone quarry, sieves the material of gained behind the removal weeds material through 2cm manual work or machinery;
Said organism comprises one or more the mixture in sheep excrement, corn straw, Bacillus licheniformis, the air-dry sewage sludge;
The mud that said air-dry sewage sludge is the municipal sewage plant adopts the method for During High-Temperature Composting, and the mature sludge that behind the secondary biological fermentation, produces, outward appearance are brown, loose, water ratio 20-30%;
Said water-holding agent is a high molecular polymer, and staple is polyacrylate and SEPIGEL 305 interpolymer.
2. the preparation method of the afforesting matrix of the discarded dregs in the described stone quarry of claim 1 is characterized in that, comprises step:
It is subsequent use to select stone quarry discarded dregs personnel selection worker to sieve 2cm sieve (removing impurity such as weeds) back;
Corn straw is handled: manual work is crushed to 1-2cm, adds microorganism decomposition agent, adds water afterwards, carries out elevated-temperature seal and becomes thoroughly decomposed;
Carry out proportioning by following mass parts: dregs is 40-60 part, and sewage sludge is 30-40 part, and stalk is 10-20 part, sheep excrement 50-100g/m
2, water-holding agent 2-6g/m
2, the fertile 15-45g/m of Bacillus licheniformis
2, more than all dry weight meterings;
With above-mentioned raw materials at normal temperatures uniform mixing form.
3. the application of the afforesting matrix of the discarded dregs in the described stone quarry of claim 1 is characterized in that, this matrix is applicable to the domatic afforesting matrix that carries out Revegetation with platform of the movable waste that produces of the construction project in half humid region of North China.
4. the application of the afforesting matrix of the discarded dregs in stone quarry according to claim 3 is characterized in that, the herbal prescription in suitable North China is:
Discarded dregs: sewage sludge: the mass ratio of stalk=40: 40: 20, sheep excrement consumption 50g/m
2, water-holding agent 4g/m
2, the fertile 15g/m of Bacillus licheniformis
2
The prescription of suitable North China shrub is:
Discarded dregs: sewage sludge: the mass ratio of stalk=60: 30: 10, sheep excrement consumption 50g/m
2, water-holding agent 6g/m
2, the fertile 30g/m of Bacillus licheniformis
2
5. the application of the afforesting matrix of the discarded dregs in stone quarry according to claim 3 is characterized in that, the prescription of any plant below the suitable North China is:
Festuca Arundinacea:
Discarded dregs: sewage sludge: the mass ratio of stalk=40: 40: 20, sheep excrement consumption 50g/m
2, water-holding agent 4g/m
2, the fertile 15g/m of Bacillus licheniformis
2
Bermuda grass:
Discarded dregs: sewage sludge: the mass ratio of stalk=40: 40: 20, sheep excrement consumption 50g/m
2, water-holding agent 4g/m
2, the fertile 15g/m of Bacillus licheniformis
2
Alfalfa:
Discarded dregs: sewage sludge: the mass ratio of stalk=40: 40: 20, sheep excrement consumption 50g/m
2, water-holding agent 6g/m
2, the fertile 30g/m of Bacillus licheniformis
2
The coronule flower:
Discarded dregs: sewage sludge: the mass ratio of stalk=60: 30: 10, sheep excrement consumption 50g/m
2, water-holding agent 4g/m
2, the fertile 15g/m of Bacillus licheniformis
2
False indigo:
Discarded dregs: sewage sludge: the mass ratio of stalk=60: 30: 10, sheep excrement consumption 100g/m
2, water-holding agent 6g/m
2, the fertile 30g/m of Bacillus licheniformis
2
Stem or leaf of Shrub Lespedeza:
Discarded dregs: sewage sludge: the mass ratio of stalk=60: 30: 10, sheep excrement consumption 50g/m
2, water-holding agent 4g/m
2, the fertile 30g/m of Bacillus licheniformis
2
Caragana microphylla:
Discarded dregs: sewage sludge: the mass ratio of stalk=60: 30: 10, sheep excrement consumption 50g/m
2, water-holding agent 6g/m
2, the fertile 15g/m of Bacillus licheniformis
2
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| CN 201210045597 CN102584456B (en) | 2012-02-24 | 2012-02-24 | Greening substrate of quarry waste muck as well as preparation method and application of greening substrate |
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