SU695636A1 - Composition for chemical reglamation of soil - Google Patents

Description

one

The invention relates to the field of agriculture and can be applied for chemical melioration (sour lime and gypsum

sodic soils).

Known substances are used. Total soil reclamation, for example acidic, representing fossil rocks or waste from various industries 1.

It is also known to use phosphogypsum for land reclamation, for example, sodic, which is a waste product of phosphoric acid production 2.

But phosphogypsum has disadvantages; contains a lot of hygroscopic moisture (20-30%), freezes, exfoliates during transportation, lumps when it dries, and is characterized by weak flowability.

These drawbacks limit the use of phosphogypsum .cl chemical soil reclamation,

The purpose of the invention is to improve the technological properties and improve the efficiency of the meliorative substance, ensure environmental protection and expand the range of chemical melioration of acidic and alkaline soils,

The goal is achieved by the fact that the composition for chemical soil reclamation, containing phosphogypsum, additionally contains limestone (dolomite) flour or slate ash in the following ratio of ingredients (wt.%):

20-80

Phosphogypsum

Lime flour or shale ash 20-80 Phosphogypsum is mixed before entering into the soil with lime powder or shale ash in the mixing plants of the UTS-30 type, SMU730, etc. or at limestone flour mills,. and the consumer of chemical ameliorants, depending on the situation, on the conditions of delivery of the components of the mixture shipment and placement of the mixing plants.

The usual means of mechanization and warehouses used for solid mineral fertilizers are suitable for transportation, application and storage of stock.

Indicators of physico-mechanical properties of the composition at different ratioshe Ingredient composition

The ingredients are presented in Table 1,

Table i

ABOUT

41.2

1.25

0.57

1520 1.07

1065

1.76 0.53 1520

90 n- 10

MPC

0, 7-8

0.8-1D 115-22

20 to 30

0.8-lfl 32-35

Particle size of Phosphogypsum

Known flour cove 70-90 Slate ash 95-98

The most optimal soil liming for carbonate lime content (45-75% T and physico-mechanical properties (virtually no sticking, dustiness 5-10 mg / m) is the composition with the following ratio of ingredients, lime flour (or shale ash) 50-80 th phosphogypsum 20-50.

The most optimal for gypsum sodic soils on the content of calcium sulphate (30-45%) and physico-mechanical properties (, 3

Hangs up

ABOUT

Cemented

ABOUT

Not caked

0.0-0.04 Not caking

0.0-0.7

The same 0.1-2.2 0.9-5.5

Not caked

7-10

Also

The effect of dustiness and caking, lowering the sticking temperature down to -15-20s against phosphogypsum) is the composition with the following ratio of ingredients (weight,%) s phosphogypsum 50-80 + lime flour (or shale ash) 0-50.

The improvement of the reclamation properties of the proposed facility compared with the prototype was confirmed by an experiment conducted at the Department of Agrochemistry of Moscow State University (see, see, for results, 2 and 3)

Influence of the composition for chemical amelioration of soil; barley harvest (vegetation experiments), g / vessel

1. Control (without fertilizer)

2.NK

3.NK + phosphogypsum

4.NK + Known for flour

5.NK + composition / phosphogypsum 50% + limestone flour 50%

6.NK 4- composition (phosphogypsum 50% + shale ash 50%)

7.NK + composition (phosphogypsum 20% 4- limestone

flour 80%)

8.NK 4- composition (phosphogypsum 20% + shale ash 80%)

9.NK + composition (phosphogypsum 80% + limestone

flour 20%)

10.NK 4- composition (phosphogypsum 80% 4-shale ash 20%)

table 2

3.75

1.5

1r5

5.1

13.4

7.3

5.8

17.75

18.6

6.9

6,6

From the data of Table 2 it can be seen that the yield of barley when using the proposed composition is several times higher than when growing barley without fertilizer (control) and higher than when using phosphogypsum and lime flour separately, except composition No. 7. This compound is not recommended for plastering zone

The data of Table 3 show that the proposed composition increases the pH and reduces the acidity of the soil, displaces absorbed sodium. However, the composition with the predominance of phosphogypsum (80%) is weaker than limestone flour, reduces soil acidity. Therefore, compounds No. 9.10 (phosphogypsum 80% + limestone flour or shale ash 20) are not recommended for the lime zone, despite the fact that in the first year of experience with this composition, a high yield increase was obtained for sod-podzolic soil (see № 9,10, table 2).

The composition of the chemical soil reclamation has more favorable technical and economic indicators than the dust-like limestone flour.

Light storage sheds can be used for storing the composition (capital investment is 7 rubles per ton against 12.7 rubles per ton for the construction of silo-type warehouses for storing powdered lime), and conventional machines and equipment for storing into the soil pneumatic equipment.

To mix the ingredients, the composition does not require large amounts of energy. Therefore, the production cost per ton is slightly lower than a ton of finely ground lime due to the use of phosphogypsum, which has a low production cost (practically the cost of loading and transportation) ..

When using shale ash instead of limestone, the technical and economic indicators of the composition become even more favorable due to the low cost of production of both ingredients of the composition (shale ash and phosphogypsum), which are waste products of electricity production and phosphoric acid.

The preparation and application of the proposed composition for chemical soil amelioration allows expanding the range of chemical ameliorates of acidic and alkaline soils, dramatically increasing the amount of work on soil amelioration, reducing investment in the production of chemical amelioration, increasing the efficiency of chemical amelioration and at the same time almost completely avoiding pollution of the environment with dust-like substances. picking materials and phosphogypsum dumps.

Claims (2)

Invention Formula A composition for chemical soil reclamation containing phosphogypsum, characterized in that, in order to improve the technological properties and increase its efficiency, it additionally contains limestone flour or slate ash in the following ratio of components, wt.%: Phosphogypsum 20-80 Known Cova flour or shale ash 20-80 Sources of information taken into account during the examination 1.Roppers rf.A. and Kornilov M.F. Scientific basis of the fertilizer system in the non-chernozem strip. L ,, Izd. Kolos, 1977, pp.172-175. 2. Typical recommendations for the reclamation of sodic soils. M. ,, ed. Kolos, 1977, p .18 (prototype).