CN111234837A - Saline-alkali soil repairing agent and repairing method - Google Patents
Saline-alkali soil repairing agent and repairing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111234837A CN111234837A CN202010203315.1A CN202010203315A CN111234837A CN 111234837 A CN111234837 A CN 111234837A CN 202010203315 A CN202010203315 A CN 202010203315A CN 111234837 A CN111234837 A CN 111234837A
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of soil remediation, in particular to a saline-alkali soil remediation agent and a remediation method. Comprises a component A and a component B; the component A comprises the following components in parts by weight: 60-90 parts of desulfurized gypsum, 5-20 parts of sawdust, 2-10 parts of zeolite, 5-10 parts of honeycomb coal ash, 50-100 parts of citric acid residue, 5-10 parts of river sand, 80-100 parts of diatomite, 5-20 parts of seaweed residue, 10-30 parts of charcoal, 60-80 parts of shrimp shell and 1-5 parts of polymeric aluminum ferric silicate; the component B comprises the following components in parts by weight: 10-50 parts of humic acid powder, 10-14 parts of trace element fertilizer and 2-10 parts of microorganism mixed bacteria liquid. The saline-alkali soil remediation method is simple, can ensure the comprehensive remediation of saline-alkali soil, and improves the soil activity.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of soil remediation, in particular to a saline-alkali soil remediation agent and a remediation method.
Background
Saline-alkali soil is an important land resource and is spread throughout arid and semi-arid regions of various continents all over the world. By 2000 years, the total area of various types of saline-alkali soil in the world is about 1 multiplied by 109hm2. 0.99X 10 in China8hm2The saline-alkali soil is mainly distributed in inner Mongolia, northeast and west, Yinchuan plain, Xinjiang, Shanxi basin and North China plainAnd Tibet region. Saline-alkali soil has high salt content, high pH value and sodium adsorption ratio, poor air permeability, easy hardening and low fertility, inhibits the growth of crops, and influences the sustainable development of agriculture and the expansion of newly-added cultivated land area. Therefore, the remediation of saline-alkali soil has been a hot topic in the field of soil ecology research.
In the prior art, the saline-alkali soil remediation method mainly comprises physical methods, such as land leveling, soil loosening, terrain raising, soil replacement and the like; chemical methods, such as applying a repair agent such as gypsum or desulfurized gypsum, humic acid, peat, etc.; biological methods, such as planting salt-tolerant plants or using biological bacterial manure; the water conservancy method, such as cooperating with the measure such as the drainage ditch or burying the hidden pipe, etc., reduce the salt content of the soil through the method of irrigating water and discharging salt. Wherein, the investment of the biological method is minimum, but the effect is slow; the physical method has quick response, good effect and high cost; the water conservancy method has low cost and quick response, but is limited by fresh water resources, the chemical method is the current preferred scheme for treating saline-alkali soil, and the development of the saline-alkali soil remediation agent with low cost and rich resources is the key. However, the saline-alkaline soil remediation agents in the prior art have poor remediation effects.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a saline-alkali soil repairing agent which can effectively repair saline-alkali soil and improve soil activity.
The invention also aims to provide a method for restoring the saline-alkali soil, which is simple and can ensure the comprehensive restoration of the saline-alkali soil and improve the soil activity.
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme.
The invention provides a saline-alkali soil remediation agent, which comprises a component A and a component B;
the component A comprises the following components in parts by weight: 60-90 parts of desulfurized gypsum, 5-20 parts of sawdust, 2-10 parts of zeolite, 5-10 parts of honeycomb coal ash, 50-100 parts of citric acid residue, 5-10 parts of river sand, 80-100 parts of diatomite, 5-20 parts of seaweed residue, 10-30 parts of charcoal, 60-80 parts of shrimp shell and 1-5 parts of polymeric aluminum ferric silicate;
the component B comprises the following components in parts by weight: 10-50 parts of humic acid powder, 10-14 parts of trace element fertilizer and 2-10 parts of microorganism mixed bacteria liquid.
Further, in some embodiments of the present invention, the above charcoal comprises plant charcoal and animal waste charcoal mixed in any ratio.
Further, in some embodiments of the present invention, the plant charcoal is: one or two of rice hull carbon or straw carbon are mixed according to any proportion.
Further, in some embodiments of the present invention, the above animal waste charcoal is: one or two of the cow dung carbon or the pig dung carbon are mixed according to any proportion.
Further, in some embodiments of the present invention, the rice hull charcoal is waste generated after straw power generation, and the straw charcoal, the cow dung charcoal or the pig dung charcoal is prepared by anaerobic pyrolysis at 550 ℃ for 25-30 min.
Further, in some embodiments of the present invention, the trace element fertilizer comprises the following components in parts by weight: 10-26 parts of chelated zinc, 5-10 parts of chelated iron, 6-12 parts of chelated magnesium, 8-10 parts of chelated copper and 5-8 parts of organic matter.
Further, in some embodiments of the present invention, the mixed bacterial liquid of the microorganism is prepared from the following components: one or more of bacillus licheniformis liquid, pseudomonas aeruginosa liquid, bacillus subtilis liquid, nitrobacter liquid, bacillus thuringiensis liquid, rhizobium liquid or soil bacillus liquid is mixed according to any proportion.
Further, in some embodiments of the present invention, the saline-alkali soil remediation agent comprises the following components in parts by weight: 75 parts of desulfurized gypsum, 15 parts of sawdust, 6 parts of zeolite, 7 parts of honeycomb coal ash, 75 parts of citric acid residues, 30 parts of humic acid powder, 7 parts of river sand, 90 parts of diatomite, 15 parts of seaweed residues, 20 parts of biochar, 70 parts of shrimp shells, 3 parts of polymeric aluminum ferric silicate, 12 parts of trace element fertilizer and 6 parts of microorganism mixed bacteria liquid.
The invention provides a saline-alkali soil remediation method adopting the saline-alkali soil remediation agent, which comprises the following steps: adding the component A of the saline-alkali soil remediation agent into saline-alkali soil, performing deep scarification, and continuously performing drip irrigation on the saline-alkali soil for 3-5 days by using water with the thickness of 60-100 mm; and adding the component B of the saline-alkali soil remediation agent into saline-alkali soil, planting halophyte on the soil, irrigating regularly after planting, harvesting when the height of the halophyte seedling is 20-25cm, and removing the halophyte after continuously harvesting for 3 times.
Further, in some embodiments of the present invention, the halophyte is one or a mixture of suaeda salsa or salicornia bigelovii.
The saline-alkali soil repairing agent and the repairing method provided by the invention have at least the following beneficial effects:
the saline-alkali soil remediation agent comprises the following components: the desulfurized gypsum is rich in calcium ions, and the calcium ions can replace sodium ions in the soil adsorbability complex, so that the alkalinity of the saline-alkali soil can be reduced, and simultaneously, sufficient calcium and sulfur elements can be provided for crops. The sawdust has excellent water retention effect, can effectively improve the water content of soil and keep the activity of the soil; and the sawdust has good air permeability due to the fluffy structure, so that the activity of the soil can be further maintained. Zeolite has porous structure, therefore has fine adsorption, can adsorb the salt in the soil, supplementary salt alkalinity in the reduction saline and alkaline land soil, and free heavy metal ion in the soil can also be adsorbed to zeolite moreover, further reduces the harmful substance content in the soil, improves soil activity, and in addition, porous structure's zeolite can also increase the gas permeability of soil, further strengthens the activity of soil. The honeycomb coal ash has a loose structure, can increase the permeability of soil, avoid root rot of plants and keep the activity of the soil; the honeycomb briquette has good adsorption effect, has the effects of water retention and fertilizer retention, and avoids the loss of water and nutrients in soil; in addition, the honeycomb briquette ash also contains various trace elements, so that the content of the trace elements in the soil can be increased, and the fertility of the soil is improved. The citric acid residue has the water content of 30-40% and the fineness of 25-40%, contains a large amount of sulfur trioxide, can improve the porosity of soil, can avoid soil hardening, has the water retention effect and avoids soil water loss. The humic acid powder has the advantages that the acid functional groups in the humic acid can neutralize the alkalinity of saline-alkali soil, reduce the salt alkalinity of the saline-alkali soil, have a loosening effect on a soil plough layer and further enhance the activity of the soil. River sand can enhance the soil porosity, improve the soil air permeability and further enhance the soil activity. The diatomite has a porous structure, so that the diatomite has a good adsorption effect, can adsorb salts in soil, and assists in reducing the salt alkalinity in the saline-alkali soil; the diatomite with the porous structure can also increase the air permeability of the soil and further enhance the activity of the soil, and in addition, the diatomite can be well adsorbed with other components, thereby achieving excellent coating effect and preventing nutrient loss in the soil. The seaweed residues are rich in organic active properties, so that organic matters can be added into the soil, beneficial microorganisms in the soil can be activated, and the activity of the soil can be further enhanced. The biochar becomes soft through fermentation, can provide nutrients for soil and increase soil fertility, so that the soil structure is improved, and the activity of the soil is further enhanced. The shrimp shell contains a large amount of chitin, has strong adsorption capacity, can adsorb a large amount of microorganisms, trace elements and the like in soil, and can keep long-acting adsorption. The polymeric aluminum ferric silicate has good adsorption effect, can remove radioactive elements such as cadmium and the like in soil, and effectively improves the soil activity. The microelement fertilizer can provide various microelements for soil, thereby enhancing the soil fertility and improving the soil activity. The microbial mixed bacterial liquid can assist in the decomposition of honeycomb coal ash, citric acid residues, humic acid powder, seaweed residues and biochar, so that the use and matching effects among the components are stronger, the saline-alkali property of soil can be effectively improved, and the soil fertility can be effectively enhanced. The components are compatible according to the following parts by weight: 60-90 parts of desulfurized gypsum, 5-20 parts of sawdust, 2-10 parts of zeolite, 5-10 parts of honeycomb coal ash, 50-100 parts of citric acid residue, 10-50 parts of humic acid powder, 5-10 parts of river sand, 80-100 parts of diatomite, 5-20 parts of seaweed residue, 10-30 parts of biochar, 60-80 parts of shrimp shell, 1-5 parts of polymeric aluminum ferric silicate, 10-14 parts of trace element fertilizer and 2-10 parts of microorganism mixed bacteria liquid; the salt in the soil can be effectively adsorbed, and the salt alkalinity in the saline-alkali soil is reduced; harmful substances in the soil can be adsorbed, and the soil is purified; the looseness of the soil can be increased, and the activity of the soil is enhanced; and various trace elements can be added to the soil to enhance the soil fertility.
The restoration method is simple, can guarantee the comprehensive restoration of the saline-alkali soil, and improves the soil activity.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. The examples, in which specific conditions are not specified, were conducted under conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer. The reagents or instruments used are not indicated by the manufacturer, and are all conventional products available commercially.
It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments in the present application may be combined with each other without conflict. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to specific examples.
The invention provides a saline-alkali soil remediation agent, which comprises a component A and a component B;
the component A comprises the following components in parts by weight: 60-90 parts of desulfurized gypsum, 5-20 parts of sawdust, 2-10 parts of zeolite, 5-10 parts of honeycomb coal ash, 50-100 parts of citric acid residue, 5-10 parts of river sand, 80-100 parts of diatomite, 5-20 parts of seaweed residue, 10-30 parts of charcoal, 60-80 parts of shrimp shell and 1-5 parts of polymeric aluminum ferric silicate;
the component B comprises the following components in parts by weight: 10-50 parts of humic acid powder, 10-14 parts of trace element fertilizer and 2-10 parts of microorganism mixed bacteria liquid.
In the above embodiments of the present invention:
the desulfurized gypsum is rich in calcium ions, and the calcium ions can replace sodium ions in the soil adsorbability complex, so that the alkalinity of the saline-alkali soil can be reduced, and simultaneously, sufficient calcium and sulfur elements can be provided for crops.
The sawdust has excellent water retention effect, can effectively improve the water content of soil and keep the activity of the soil; and the sawdust has good air permeability due to the fluffy structure, so that the activity of the soil can be further maintained.
Zeolite has porous structure, therefore has fine adsorption, can adsorb the salt in the soil, supplementary salt alkalinity in the reduction saline and alkaline land soil, and free heavy metal ion in the soil can also be adsorbed to zeolite moreover, further reduces the harmful substance content in the soil, improves soil activity, and in addition, porous structure's zeolite can also increase the gas permeability of soil, further strengthens the activity of soil.
The honeycomb coal ash has a loose structure, can increase the permeability of soil, avoid root rot of plants and keep the activity of the soil; the honeycomb briquette has good adsorption effect, has the effects of water retention and fertilizer retention, and avoids the loss of water and nutrients in soil; in addition, the honeycomb briquette ash also contains various trace elements, so that the content of the trace elements in the soil can be increased, and the fertility of the soil is improved.
The citric acid residue has the water content of 30-40% and the fineness of 25-40%, contains a large amount of sulfur trioxide, can improve the porosity of soil, can avoid soil hardening, has the water retention effect and avoids soil water loss.
The humic acid powder has the advantages that the acid functional groups in the humic acid can neutralize the alkalinity of saline-alkali soil, reduce the salt alkalinity of the saline-alkali soil, have a loosening effect on a soil plough layer and further enhance the activity of the soil.
River sand can enhance the soil porosity, improve the soil air permeability and further enhance the soil activity.
The diatomite has a porous structure, so that the diatomite has a good adsorption effect, can adsorb salts in soil, and assists in reducing the salt alkalinity in the saline-alkali soil; the diatomite with the porous structure can also increase the air permeability of the soil and further enhance the activity of the soil, and in addition, the diatomite can be well adsorbed with other components, thereby achieving excellent coating effect and preventing nutrient loss in the soil.
The seaweed residues are rich in organic active properties, so that organic matters can be added into the soil, beneficial microorganisms in the soil can be activated, and the activity of the soil can be further enhanced.
The biochar becomes soft through fermentation, can provide nutrients for soil and increase soil fertility, so that the soil structure is improved, and the activity of the soil is further enhanced.
The shrimp shell contains a large amount of chitin, has strong adsorption capacity, can adsorb a large amount of microorganisms, trace elements and the like in soil, and can keep long-acting adsorption.
The polymeric aluminum ferric silicate has good adsorption effect, can remove radioactive elements such as cadmium and the like in soil, and effectively improves the soil activity.
The microelement fertilizer can provide various microelements for soil, thereby enhancing the soil fertility and improving the soil activity.
The microbial mixed bacterial liquid can assist in the decomposition of honeycomb coal ash, citric acid residues, humic acid powder, seaweed residues and biochar, so that the use and matching effects among the components are stronger, the saline-alkali property of soil can be effectively improved, and the soil fertility can be effectively enhanced.
The components are compatible according to the following parts by weight: 60-90 parts of desulfurized gypsum, 5-20 parts of sawdust, 2-10 parts of zeolite, 5-10 parts of honeycomb coal ash, 50-100 parts of citric acid residue, 10-50 parts of humic acid powder, 5-10 parts of river sand, 80-100 parts of diatomite, 5-20 parts of seaweed residue, 10-30 parts of biochar, 60-80 parts of shrimp shell, 1-5 parts of polymeric aluminum ferric silicate, 10-14 parts of trace element fertilizer and 2-10 parts of microorganism mixed bacteria liquid; the salt in the soil can be effectively adsorbed, and the salt alkalinity in the saline-alkali soil is reduced; harmful substances in the soil can be adsorbed, and the soil is purified; the looseness of the soil can be increased, and the activity of the soil is enhanced; and various trace elements can be added to the soil to enhance the soil fertility.
Further, in some embodiments of the present invention, the above charcoal comprises plant charcoal and animal waste charcoal mixed in any ratio. The mixing of the plant carbon and the animal excrement carbon enables trace elements and nutrient substances contained in the biological carbon to be richer, so that the fertility of the soil after the saline-alkali soil is improved is better, and the soil activity is stronger.
Further, in some embodiments of the present invention, the plant charcoal is: one or two of rice hull carbon or straw carbon are mixed according to any proportion. The rice husk charcoal and the straw charcoal have wide sources, low cost and rich nutrient substances.
Further, in some embodiments of the present invention, the above animal waste charcoal is: one or two of the cow dung carbon or the pig dung carbon are mixed according to any proportion. The cow dung charcoal and the pig dung charcoal have wide sources, low cost and rich nutrient substances.
Further, in some embodiments of the present invention, the rice hull charcoal is waste generated after straw power generation, and the straw charcoal, the cow dung charcoal or the pig dung charcoal is prepared by anaerobic pyrolysis at 550 ℃ for 25-30 min. Therefore, various trace elements and nutrient substances in the biochar are more easily absorbed by plants in the soil.
Further, in some embodiments of the present invention, the trace element fertilizer comprises the following components in parts by weight: 10-26 parts of chelated zinc, 5-10 parts of chelated iron, 6-12 parts of chelated magnesium, 8-10 parts of chelated copper and 5-8 parts of organic matter. The components are combined according to the amount, so that the fertility of the soil can be enhanced more effectively.
Further, in some embodiments of the present invention, the mixed bacterial liquid of the microorganism is prepared from the following components: one or more of bacillus licheniformis liquid, pseudomonas aeruginosa liquid, bacillus subtilis liquid, nitrobacter liquid, bacillus thuringiensis liquid, rhizobium liquid or soil bacillus liquid is mixed according to any proportion. The bacillus licheniformis can kill pathogenic bacteria and generate an anti-active substance, the bacillus subtilis can inhibit the generation of pathogenic bacteria, the nitrobacteria can decompose organic matters and enhance the nutrition of soil, the bacillus thuringiensis can effectively prevent the attack of pests, and the microbial mixed bacteria liquid can effectively assist the decomposition of honeycomb coal ash, citric acid residues, humic acid powder, seaweed residues and biochar, so that the use and matching effect among the components is stronger, the saline-alkali property of the soil can be effectively improved, and the soil fertility can be effectively enhanced.
Further, in some embodiments of the present invention, the saline-alkali soil remediation agent comprises the following components in parts by weight: 75 parts of desulfurized gypsum, 15 parts of sawdust, 6 parts of zeolite, 7 parts of honeycomb coal ash, 75 parts of citric acid residues, 30 parts of humic acid powder, 7 parts of river sand, 90 parts of diatomite, 15 parts of seaweed residues, 20 parts of biochar, 70 parts of shrimp shells, 3 parts of polymeric aluminum ferric silicate, 12 parts of trace element fertilizer and 6 parts of microorganism mixed bacteria liquid. The components are compatible according to the parts by weight, so that the salt in the soil can be more effectively adsorbed, and the salt alkalinity in the saline-alkali soil is reduced; harmful substances in the soil can be adsorbed, and the soil is purified; the looseness of the soil can be increased, and the activity of the soil is enhanced; and various trace elements can be added to the soil to enhance the soil fertility.
The invention provides a saline-alkali soil remediation method adopting the saline-alkali soil remediation agent, which comprises the following steps:
adding the component A of the saline-alkali soil remediation agent into saline-alkali soil, performing deep scarification, and continuously performing drip irrigation on the saline-alkali soil for 3-5 days by using water with the thickness of 60-100 mm; and adding the component B of the saline-alkali soil remediation agent into saline-alkali soil, planting halophyte on the soil, irrigating regularly after planting, harvesting when the height of the halophyte seedling is 20-25cm, and removing the halophyte after continuously harvesting for 3 times.
Further, in some embodiments of the present invention, the halophyte is one or a mixture of suaeda salsa or salicornia bigelovii.
The features and properties of the present invention are described in further detail below with reference to examples.
Example 1
The component A comprises: 60 parts of desulfurized gypsum, 5 parts of sawdust, 2 parts of zeolite, 5 parts of honeycomb coal ash, 50 parts of citric acid residues, 5 parts of river sand, 80 parts of diatomite, 5 parts of seaweed residues, 10 parts of biochar, 60 parts of shrimp shells and 1 part of polymeric aluminum ferric silicate;
and B component: 10 parts of humic acid powder, 10 parts of trace element fertilizer and 2 parts of microorganism mixed bacteria liquid.
Wherein: the biochar is prepared by mixing rice husk carbon and pig manure carbon in any proportion; the microelement fertilizer is prepared from 10 parts of chelated zinc, 5 parts of chelated iron, 6 parts of chelated magnesium, 8 parts of chelated copper and 5 parts of organic matters; the microorganism mixed bacteria liquid is prepared by mixing bacillus licheniformis liquid, pseudomonas aeruginosa liquid, bacillus subtilis liquid, nitrobacteria liquid, bacillus thuringiensis liquid, rhizobium liquid and soil bacillus liquid according to any proportion.
The saline-alkali soil remediation method comprises the following steps: adding the component A of the saline-alkali soil remediation agent into saline-alkali soil, performing deep loosening, and continuously performing drip irrigation on the saline-alkali soil for 4 days by using 80mm water; and adding the component B of the saline-alkali soil remediation agent into saline-alkali soil, planting halophyte on the soil, irrigating regularly after planting, harvesting when the height of the halophyte seedling is 20cm, and removing the halophyte after continuously harvesting for 3 times.
The halophyte is selected from the mixture of suaeda salsa and salicornia bigelovii.
Example 2
The component A comprises: 90 parts of desulfurized gypsum, 20 parts of sawdust, 10 parts of zeolite, 10 parts of honeycomb coal ash, 100 parts of citric acid residue, 10 parts of river sand, 100 parts of diatomite, 20 parts of seaweed residue, 30 parts of biochar, 80 parts of shrimp shell and 5 parts of polymeric aluminum ferric silicate;
and B component: 50 parts of humic acid powder, 14 parts of trace element fertilizer and 10 parts of microorganism mixed bacteria liquid.
Wherein: the biochar is prepared by mixing straw carbon and cow dung carbon according to any proportion; the microelement fertilizer is prepared from 26 parts of chelated zinc, 10 parts of chelated iron, 12 parts of chelated magnesium, 10 parts of chelated copper and 8 parts of organic matters; the microorganism mixed bacteria liquid is formed by mixing bacillus licheniformis liquid, bacillus subtilis liquid, nitrobacteria liquid, bacillus thuringiensis liquid, rhizobium liquid and soil bacillus liquid according to any proportion.
The saline-alkali soil remediation method comprises the following steps: adding the component A of the saline-alkali soil remediation agent into saline-alkali soil, performing deep loosening, and continuously performing drip irrigation on the saline-alkali soil for 5 days by using 90mm water; and adding the component B of the saline-alkali soil remediation agent into saline-alkali soil, planting halophyte on the soil, irrigating regularly after planting, harvesting when the height of the halophyte seedling is 25cm, and removing the halophyte after continuously harvesting for 3 times.
The halophyte is suaeda salsa.
Example 3
The component A comprises: 75 parts of desulfurized gypsum, 10 parts of sawdust, 6 parts of zeolite, 7 parts of honeycomb coal ash, 75 parts of citric acid residues, 7 parts of river sand, 90 parts of diatomite, 10 parts of seaweed residues, 20 parts of biochar, 70 parts of shrimp shells and 3 parts of polymeric aluminum ferric silicate;
and B component: 30 parts of humic acid powder, 12 parts of trace element fertilizer and 6 parts of microorganism mixed bacteria liquid.
Wherein: the biochar is prepared by mixing straw carbon and pig manure carbon in any proportion; the microelement fertilizer is prepared from 15 parts of chelated zinc, 7 parts of chelated iron, 11 parts of chelated magnesium, 9 parts of chelated copper and 7 parts of organic matters; the microorganism mixed bacteria liquid is formed by mixing bacillus licheniformis liquid, pseudomonas aeruginosa liquid, nitrobacteria liquid, bacillus thuringiensis liquid, rhizobium liquid and soil bacteria liquid according to any proportion.
The saline-alkali soil remediation method comprises the following steps: adding the component A of the saline-alkali soil remediation agent into saline-alkali soil, performing deep loosening, and continuously performing drip irrigation on the saline-alkali soil for 3.5 days by using 70mm water; and adding the component B of the saline-alkali soil remediation agent into saline-alkali soil, planting halophyte on the soil, irrigating regularly after planting, harvesting when the height of the halophyte seedling is 25cm, and removing the halophyte after continuously harvesting for 3 times.
Salicornia herbacea is selected as halophytic crop.
Example 4
The component A comprises: 70 parts of desulfurized gypsum, 15 parts of sawdust, 7 parts of zeolite, 8 parts of honeycomb coal ash, 80 parts of citric acid residues, 8 parts of river sand, 85 parts of diatomite, 8 parts of seaweed residues, 15 parts of biochar, 65 parts of shrimp shells and 2 parts of polymeric aluminum ferric silicate;
and B component: 20 parts of humic acid powder, 11 parts of trace element fertilizer and 8 parts of microorganism mixed bacteria liquid.
Wherein: the biochar is prepared by mixing rice hull carbon, straw carbon, cow dung carbon and pig dung carbon; the microelement fertilizer is prepared from 12 parts of chelated zinc, 6 parts of chelated iron, 8 parts of chelated magnesium, 8 parts of chelated copper and 7 parts of organic matters; the microorganism mixed bacteria liquid is formed by mixing pseudomonas aeruginosa liquid, bacillus subtilis liquid, nitrobacteria liquid, bacillus thuringiensis liquid, rhizobium liquid and soil bacillus liquid according to any proportion.
The saline-alkali soil remediation method comprises the following steps: adding the component A of the saline-alkali soil remediation agent into saline-alkali soil, performing deep loosening, and continuously performing drip irrigation on the saline-alkali soil for 5 days by using 100mm water; and adding the component B of the saline-alkali soil remediation agent into saline-alkali soil, planting halophyte on the soil, irrigating regularly after planting, harvesting when the height of the halophyte seedling is 21cm, and removing the halophyte after continuously harvesting for 3 times.
The halophyte is selected from the mixture of suaeda salsa and salicornia bigelovii.
Example 5
The component A comprises: 85 parts of desulfurized gypsum, 18 parts of sawdust, 8 parts of zeolite, 9 parts of honeycomb coal ash, 95 parts of citric acid residues, 9 parts of river sand, 95 parts of diatomite, 18 parts of seaweed residues, 25 parts of biochar, 75 parts of shrimp shells and 4 parts of polymeric aluminum ferric silicate;
and B component: 45 parts of humic acid powder, 13 parts of trace element fertilizer and 9 parts of microorganism mixed bacteria liquid.
Wherein: the biochar is prepared by mixing rice hull carbon, straw carbon, cow dung carbon and pig dung carbon; the microelement fertilizer is prepared from 25 parts of chelated zinc, 9 parts of chelated iron, 11 parts of chelated magnesium, 9 parts of chelated copper and 7 parts of organic matters; the microorganism mixed bacterial liquid is prepared by mixing bacillus licheniformis liquid, pseudomonas aeruginosa liquid, bacillus subtilis liquid, nitrobacteria liquid, bacillus thuringiensis liquid and agrobacterium liquid according to any proportion.
The saline-alkali soil remediation method comprises the following steps: adding the component A of the saline-alkali soil remediation agent into saline-alkali soil, performing deep loosening, and continuously performing drip irrigation on the saline-alkali soil for 3 days by using 60mm water; and adding the component B of the saline-alkali soil remediation agent into saline-alkali soil, planting halophyte on the soil, irrigating regularly after planting, harvesting when the height of the halophyte seedling is 24cm, and removing the halophyte after continuously harvesting for 3 times.
The halophyte is suaeda glauca.
Experimental example 1
Selecting 3 lands with the same size and the same salinity, respectively marking the lands as A, B, C, selecting the saline-alkaline soil remediation agent prepared in the example 1 to remediate the land A, selecting the saline-alkaline soil remediation agent prepared in the example 3 to remediate the land B, and selecting the common saline-alkaline soil remediation agent to remediate the land C.
The method for repairing the land A, B, C is the same, the component A of the saline-alkali soil repairing agent is added into the saline-alkali soil, the saline-alkali soil is deeply loosened, and then the saline-alkali soil is continuously drip-irrigated for 3 days by using 70mm water. Planting halophytes on soil, irrigating regularly after planting, harvesting when the height of halophyte seedlings is 25cm, and removing the halophytes after continuously harvesting for 3 times; the halophytes are selected from Suaeda salsa and Salicornia herbacea.
The salt content change of the three soils before and after remediation is shown in the following table:
| soil (W) for building | Before use (salt content%) | After use (% salt content) |
| A | 1.47 | 0.52 |
| B | 1.48 | 0.41 |
| C | 1.47 | 0.67 |
As can be seen from the above table, the saline-alkali soil remediation agent can effectively improve the saline-alkali property of soil.
In conclusion, the saline-alkali soil remediation agent and the remediation method provided by the invention have at least the following beneficial effects:
the saline-alkali soil remediation agent comprises the following components: the desulfurized gypsum is rich in calcium ions, and the calcium ions can replace sodium ions in the soil adsorbability complex, so that the alkalinity of the saline-alkali soil can be reduced, and simultaneously, sufficient calcium and sulfur elements can be provided for crops. The sawdust has excellent water retention effect, can effectively improve the water content of soil and keep the activity of the soil; and the sawdust has good air permeability due to the fluffy structure, so that the activity of the soil can be further maintained. Zeolite has porous structure, therefore has fine adsorption, can adsorb the salt in the soil, supplementary salt alkalinity in the reduction saline and alkaline land soil, and free heavy metal ion in the soil can also be adsorbed to zeolite moreover, further reduces the harmful substance content in the soil, improves soil activity, and in addition, porous structure's zeolite can also increase the gas permeability of soil, further strengthens the activity of soil. The honeycomb coal ash has a loose structure, can increase the permeability of soil, avoid root rot of plants and keep the activity of the soil; the honeycomb briquette has good adsorption effect, has the effects of water retention and fertilizer retention, and avoids the loss of water and nutrients in soil; in addition, the honeycomb briquette ash also contains various trace elements, so that the content of the trace elements in the soil can be increased, and the fertility of the soil is improved. The citric acid residue has the water content of 30-40% and the fineness of 25-40%, contains a large amount of sulfur trioxide, can improve the porosity of soil, can avoid soil hardening, has the water retention effect and avoids soil water loss. The humic acid powder has the advantages that the acid functional groups in the humic acid can neutralize the alkalinity of saline-alkali soil, reduce the salt alkalinity of the saline-alkali soil, have a loosening effect on a soil plough layer and further enhance the activity of the soil. River sand can enhance the soil porosity, improve the soil air permeability and further enhance the soil activity. The diatomite has a porous structure, so that the diatomite has a good adsorption effect, can adsorb salts in soil, and assists in reducing the salt alkalinity in the saline-alkali soil; the diatomite with the porous structure can also increase the air permeability of the soil and further enhance the activity of the soil, and in addition, the diatomite can be well adsorbed with other components, thereby achieving excellent coating effect and preventing nutrient loss in the soil. The seaweed residues are rich in organic active properties, so that organic matters can be added into the soil, beneficial microorganisms in the soil can be activated, and the activity of the soil can be further enhanced. The biochar becomes soft through fermentation, can provide nutrients for soil and increase soil fertility, so that the soil structure is improved, and the activity of the soil is further enhanced. The shrimp shell contains a large amount of chitin, has strong adsorption capacity, can adsorb a large amount of microorganisms, trace elements and the like in soil, and can keep long-acting adsorption. The polymeric aluminum ferric silicate has good adsorption effect, can remove radioactive elements such as cadmium and the like in soil, and effectively improves the soil activity. The microelement fertilizer can provide various microelements for soil, thereby enhancing the soil fertility and improving the soil activity. The microbial mixed bacterial liquid can assist in the decomposition of honeycomb coal ash, citric acid residues, humic acid powder, seaweed residues and biochar, so that the use and matching effects among the components are stronger, the saline-alkali property of soil can be effectively improved, and the soil fertility can be effectively enhanced. The components are compatible according to the following parts by weight: 60-90 parts of desulfurized gypsum, 5-20 parts of sawdust, 2-10 parts of zeolite, 5-10 parts of honeycomb coal ash, 50-100 parts of citric acid residue, 10-50 parts of humic acid powder, 5-10 parts of river sand, 80-100 parts of diatomite, 5-20 parts of seaweed residue, 10-30 parts of biochar, 60-80 parts of shrimp shell, 1-5 parts of polymeric aluminum ferric silicate, 10-14 parts of trace element fertilizer and 2-10 parts of microorganism mixed bacteria liquid; the salt in the soil can be effectively adsorbed, and the salt alkalinity in the saline-alkali soil is reduced; harmful substances in the soil can be adsorbed, and the soil is purified; the looseness of the soil can be increased, and the activity of the soil is enhanced; and various trace elements can be added to the soil to enhance the soil fertility.
The restoration method is simple, can guarantee the comprehensive restoration of the saline-alkali soil, and improves the soil activity.
The embodiments described above are some, but not all embodiments of the invention. The detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention is not intended to limit the scope of the invention as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A saline-alkali soil remediation agent is characterized in that: comprises a component A and a component B;
the component A comprises the following components in parts by weight: 60-90 parts of desulfurized gypsum, 5-20 parts of sawdust, 2-10 parts of zeolite, 5-10 parts of honeycomb coal ash, 50-100 parts of citric acid residue, 5-10 parts of river sand, 80-100 parts of diatomite, 5-20 parts of seaweed residue, 10-30 parts of charcoal, 60-80 parts of shrimp shell and 1-5 parts of polymeric aluminum ferric silicate;
the component B comprises the following components in parts by weight: 10-50 parts of humic acid powder, 10-14 parts of trace element fertilizer and 2-10 parts of microorganism mixed bacteria liquid.
2. The saline alkaline earth remediation agent of claim 1, wherein: the biochar comprises plant carbon and animal excrement carbon which are mixed according to any proportion.
3. The saline alkaline earth remediation agent of claim 2, wherein: the plant charcoal comprises: one or two of rice hull carbon or straw carbon are mixed according to any proportion.
4. The saline alkaline earth remediation agent of claim 3, wherein: the animal waste charcoal comprises: one or two of the cow dung carbon or the pig dung carbon are mixed according to any proportion.
5. The saline alkaline earth remediation agent of claim 4, wherein: the rice hull carbon is waste generated after straw power generation, and is prepared by carrying out anaerobic pyrolysis on straw carbon, cow dung carbon or pig dung carbon at 550 ℃ for 25-30 min.
6. The saline alkaline earth remediation agent of claim 1, wherein: the trace element fertilizer comprises the following components in parts by weight: 10-26 parts of chelated zinc, 5-10 parts of chelated iron, 6-12 parts of chelated magnesium, 8-10 parts of chelated copper and 5-8 parts of organic matter.
7. The saline alkaline earth remediation agent of claim 1, wherein: the microorganism mixed bacterial liquid comprises the following components: one or more of bacillus licheniformis liquid, pseudomonas aeruginosa liquid, bacillus subtilis liquid, nitrobacter liquid, bacillus thuringiensis liquid, rhizobium liquid or soil bacillus liquid is mixed according to any proportion.
8. The saline alkaline earth remediation agent of claim 1, wherein: comprises the following components in parts by weight: 75 parts of desulfurized gypsum, 15 parts of sawdust, 6 parts of zeolite, 7 parts of honeycomb coal ash, 75 parts of citric acid residues, 30 parts of humic acid powder, 7 parts of river sand, 90 parts of diatomite, 15 parts of seaweed residues, 20 parts of biochar, 70 parts of shrimp shells, 3 parts of polymeric aluminum ferric silicate, 12 parts of trace element fertilizer and 6 parts of microorganism mixed bacteria liquid.
9. A method of saltine soil remediation employing the saltine soil remediation agent of claims 1-8 comprising:
adding the component A of the saline-alkali soil remediation agent into saline-alkali soil, performing deep scarification, and continuously performing drip irrigation on the saline-alkali soil for 3-5 days by using water with the thickness of 60-100 mm; and adding the component B of the saline-alkali soil remediation agent into saline-alkali soil, planting halophyte on the soil, irrigating regularly after planting, harvesting when the height of the halophyte seedling is 20-25cm, and removing the halophyte after continuously harvesting for 3 times.
10. The process of claim 9, wherein the halophyte is suaeda salsa or salicornia bigelovii or a mixture thereof.
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