CN102010274A - Balanced slow-release fertilizer - Google Patents
Balanced slow-release fertilizer Download PDFInfo
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- CN102010274A CN102010274A CN2010106090963A CN201010609096A CN102010274A CN 102010274 A CN102010274 A CN 102010274A CN 2010106090963 A CN2010106090963 A CN 2010106090963A CN 201010609096 A CN201010609096 A CN 201010609096A CN 102010274 A CN102010274 A CN 102010274A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract
The invention relates to balanced slow-release fertilizer which comprises the following components in parts by weight: 5-50 parts of urea, 10-30 parts of ammonium phosphate compound, 25-55 parts of sylvite, 20-60 parts of organic matter, 5-20 parts of humic acid, 5-15 parts of humate, 0.3-5 parts of sulfate, 0.1-1.5 parts of borax, 0.05-1 part of ammonium heptamolybdate and 0.1-15 parts of polypropylene compound or hydroxyl cellulose. The balanced slow-release fertilizer has the beneficial effects that soil structure can be improved: the content of the organic matters in soil is increased, the air permeability of the soil is improved, the surface adsorption capacity of soil particles is increased, and the adduction of various nutrient substances is enhanced; and after applying the fertilizer, a nutrition protection area is rapidly formed at a plant root, thus the diffusion velocity and the migration distance of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and other nutrients in the soil are increased, absorption and utilization of a root system on moisture and the nutrients are promoted, the water retention and fertilizer retention capability of the soil is enhanced, the water content ratio of the soil is increased so as to play the roles of evaporation inhibition and soil moisture conservation, reproduction of effective microbes in the soil is stimulated, the micro-ecological environment of the soil is improved, synthesis of effective substances is strengthened, and the quality of fruit and vegetable is improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to chemical fertilizer, more particularly, relate to a kind of balance slowly releasing chemical fertilizer.
Background technology
Along with the progress of science and the development of society, earth population is in continuous increase, in order to solve the grain demand that grows with each passing day, the status of development in agricultural science and technology is more and more important, and in the development of agricultural science and technology, chemical fertilizer has played vital status, yet for many years, chemical fertilizer in being manured into soil has only 20%~30% to be absorbed by this season crop, and remaining chemical fertilizer is by soil fixing, forms a large amount of phosphoric acid salt, azotate deposition is residual, destroyed the crumb structure of soil, cause soil compaction, the soil soil fertility descends, cultivating property variation.Therefore be badly in need of the water-soluble chemical fertilizer of a kind of high absorption rate of exploitation.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is, chemical fertilizer absorbance at prior art is lower, residual chemical fertilizer is by soil fixing, form a large amount of phosphoric acid salt, azotate deposition is residual, destroyed the crumb structure of soil, caused soil compaction, the soil soil fertility descends, defectives such as cultivating property variation provide a kind of balance slowly releasing chemical fertilizer.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is: construct a kind of balance slowly releasing chemical fertilizer, its component and proportioning are: the humate of the organic matter of the ammonium phosphate compound of the urea of 5~50 weight parts, 10~30 weight parts, the sylvite of 25~55 weight parts, 20~60 weight parts, the humic acids of 5~20 weight parts, 5~15 weight parts, the vitriol of 0.3~5 weight part, the borax of 0.1~1.5 weight part, seven water ammonium molybdates of 0.05~1 weight part and the polyacrylate compound or the hydroxylated cellulose of 0.1~15 weight part.
In balance slowly releasing chemical fertilizer of the present invention, described ammonium phosphate compound is monoammonium phosphate or diammonium phosphate.
In balance slowly releasing chemical fertilizer of the present invention, described sylvite comprises the potassium primary phosphate of 10~20 weight parts and the vitriolate of tartar of 15~35 weight parts.
In balance slowly releasing chemical fertilizer of the present invention, described sylvite comprises the potassium primary phosphate of 10~20 weight parts and the saltpetre of 15~35 weight parts.
In balance slowly releasing chemical fertilizer of the present invention, described humate is Sodium salts humic acids or potassium humate.
In balance slowly releasing chemical fertilizer of the present invention, described vitriol comprises the calcium sulfate of 0.1~1.5 weight part, the sal epsom of 0.1~1.5 weight part and the zinc sulfate of 0.1~2 weight part.
In balance slowly releasing chemical fertilizer of the present invention, polyacrylate compound is polyacrylic acid potassium, sodium polyacrylate or polyacrylamide.
In balance slowly releasing chemical fertilizer of the present invention, described organic matter is an organic fertilizer.
In balance slowly releasing chemical fertilizer of the present invention, described organic fertilizer includes at least 30% sheep excrement, cow dung, fermentation poultry dung, dregs of beans, vinasse and biogas slag etc.
In balance slowly releasing chemical fertilizer of the present invention, its component and proportioning are: the humate of the organic matter of the ammonium phosphate compound of the urea of 25 weight parts, 20 weight parts, the sylvite of 40 weight parts, 40 weight parts, the humic acids of 15 weight parts, 10 weight parts, the vitriol of 3 weight parts, the borax of 1 weight part, seven water ammonium molybdates of 0.8 weight part and the polyacrylate compound of 14 weight parts.
In balance slowly releasing chemical fertilizer of the present invention, its component and proportioning are: the humate of the organic matter of the ammonium phosphate compound of the urea of 10 weight parts, 25 weight parts, the sylvite of 50 weight parts, 55 weight parts, the humic acids of 15 weight parts, 14 weight parts, the vitriol of 4 weight parts, the borax of 1.3 weight parts, seven water ammonium molybdates of 0.9 weight part and the polyacrylate compound of 13 weight parts.
In balance slowly releasing chemical fertilizer of the present invention, its component and proportioning are: the humate of the organic matter of the ammonium phosphate compound of the urea of 15 weight parts, 18 weight parts, the sylvite of 40 weight parts, 40 weight parts, the humic acids of 12 weight parts, 10 weight parts, the vitriol of 2.4 weight parts, the borax of 0.8 weight part, seven water ammonium molybdates of 0.5 weight part and the polyacrylate compound of 7.1 weight parts.
Implement balance slowly releasing chemical fertilizer of the present invention; has following beneficial effect: from improving the soil; by increasing soil organic matter content; improve the gas permeability of soil; increase the adsorptive capacity on grogs surface, increase the adduction of various nutritive substances, can form the nutrition protective belt rapidly at plant root after using; increase velocity of diffusion and the migration distances of nutrient in soil such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, promote root system absorbing moisture content and nutrient.Improve soil water retention, fertilizer-preserving ability, improve the water ratio of soil, play and press down evaporation soil moisture conservation effect, can stimulate the breeding of effective microbe in the soil to increase the micro-ecological environment of improving the soil.Promote active substance synthetic, improve fruit-vegetable quality.Effectively improve the outward appearance of fruits and vegetables, promote the synthetic of nutritive elements such as amino acid, soluble sugar, VITAMIN, reduce harmful substance contents such as nitrate, heavy metal, the agricultural-food mouthfeel is good, and fresh keeping time is long, anti-storage, improves commodity value.
Embodiment
In order to make purpose of the present invention, technical scheme and advantage clearer, following examples are further elaborated to the present invention.Should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein only in order to explanation the present invention, and be not used in qualification the present invention.
The present invention passes through to increase organic content in chemical fertilizer, thereby constructs the balance slowly releasing chemical fertilizer, and this chemical fertilizer is fertilizer or composite organic-inorganic fertilizer.When this balance slowly releasing chemical fertilizer of specific design, its component and proportioning can be the humate of the organic matter of the ammonium phosphate compound of the urea of 5~50 weight parts, 10~30 weight parts, the sylvite of 25~55 weight parts, 20~60 weight parts, the humic acids of 5~20 weight parts, 5~15 weight parts, the vitriol of 0.3~5 weight part, the borax of 0.1~1.5 weight part, seven water ammonium molybdates of 0.05~1 weight part and the polyacrylate compound or the hydroxylated cellulose of 0.1~15 weight part.Using of this balance slowly releasing chemical fertilizer can improve Soil structure, make soil form crumb structure, the soil is porous, ventilative, water conservation, guarantor's fertilizer, can effectively decompose by the materials such as N.P.K of soil fixing, be converted into the nutrition that can directly be absorbed by crop, improve the utilization ratio of chemical fertilizer.Promote soil fertility.This balance slowly releasing chemical fertilizer does not contain any objectionable impurities to soil, can alleviate the harm that soil property venereal disease evil causes plant on the contrary, because this balance slowly releasing chemical fertilizer is met the sticky polymers that forms after the water dissolution stronger adsorption is arranged, reduced the loss of nutrient, prolong fertilizer efficiency, and increased fertilizer utilization ratio.This slowly releasing chemical fertilizer has very strong chessom and the residual ability of activated fertilizer, and is pollution-free to soil, has to be suitable for the development pollution-free food production and the ecological agriculture.This achievement in research is in leading domestic, international most advanced level, has a extensive future.
In a preferred embodiment, this ammonium phosphate compound can be monoammonium phosphate or diammonium phosphate.This sylvite can comprise the potassium primary phosphate of 10~20 weight parts and the vitriolate of tartar of 15~35 weight parts.Understandable, this sylvite also can comprise the potassium primary phosphate of 10~20 weight parts and the saltpetre of 15~35 weight parts.This humate is Sodium salts humic acids or potassium humate.This vitriol can comprise the calcium sulfate of 0.1~1.5 weight part, the sal epsom of 0.1~1.5 weight part and the zinc sulfate of 0.1~2 weight part.This polyacrylate compound is polyacrylic acid potassium, sodium polyacrylate or polyacrylamide.This organic matter is an organic fertilizer.This organic fertilizer includes at least 30% sheep excrement, cow dung, fermentation poultry dung, dregs of beans, vinasse and biogas slag etc.
In another preferred embodiment, the component of this balance slowly releasing chemical fertilizer and proportioning are: the humate of the organic matter of the ammonium phosphate compound of the urea of 25 weight parts, 20 weight parts, the sylvite of 40 weight parts, 40 weight parts, the humic acids of 15 weight parts, 10 weight parts, the vitriol of 3 weight parts, the borax of 1 weight part, seven water ammonium molybdates of 0.8 weight part and the polyacrylate compound of 14 weight parts.In another preferred embodiment, the component of this balance slowly releasing chemical fertilizer and proportioning are: the humate of the organic matter of the ammonium phosphate compound of the urea of 10 weight parts, 25 weight parts, the sylvite of 50 weight parts, 55 weight parts, the humic acids of 15 weight parts, 14 weight parts, the vitriol of 4 weight parts, the borax of 1.3 weight parts, seven water ammonium molybdates of 0.9 weight part and the polyacrylate compound of 13 weight parts.In another preferred embodiment, the component of this balance slowly releasing chemical fertilizer and proportioning are: the humate of the organic matter of the ammonium phosphate compound of the urea of 15 weight parts, 18 weight parts, the sylvite of 40 weight parts, 40 weight parts, the humic acids of 12 weight parts, 10 weight parts, the vitriol of 2.4 weight parts, the borax of 0.8 weight part, seven water ammonium molybdates of 0.5 weight part and the polyacrylate compound of 7.1 weight parts.
This balance slowly releasing chemical fertilizer is applied to a plurality of different soils types plot uses the result to confirm, this balance slowly releasing chemical fertilizer is fit to the soil of various soil and most plantation agriculturals, can be used for the base manure of vegetables, fruit tree.Use this balance slowly releasing chemical fertilizer can make the various nutrients of soil obtain in time replenishing, adjust the crop alimentary balance and absorb balanced growth.Suppress excessive growth, make the crop root prosperity, the generous softness in blade face, flexible, photosynthesis strengthens, and blooms early, and the result is many, and swollen fruit is even, high-yield and high-efficiency.
According to the experiment of different soils environment, after apple, peach, large cherry etc. were used, the gas permeability of soil was good, soil fertility improves, and rate of fertilizer application reduces, and edatope, fruit-vegetable quality improve significantly, fruit tree growing way stalwartness, blade is big and thick, and the fruit face is bright and clean, lovely luster, spring tip autumn growth ratio, bud quantity, completely filled fruit degree and stature size, color and luster mass color, inherent local flavor etc. are significantly better than the contrast tree then, amount of increase in production reaches more than 35%, and volume increase, the effect of increasing income is obvious, and the soil is planted more fertile and more fertile.
The effect of this balance slowly releasing chemical fertilizer is many-sided, multi-level, be the coefficient result of its contained material, both paid attention to water conservation, pay attention to water saving again, both paid attention to the active raising of plant physiologyization, pay attention to the improvement of soil quality again, can provide multiple nutrient to plant, can promote the absorption of plant again to nutritive ingredient, both paid attention to the increase of plant biological gross weight, and paid attention to the raising of disease-resistant, the anti-adversity ability of plant again, this balance slowly releasing chemical fertilizer is not only high in technological content, and it is remarkable to use the back fertilizer efficiency, increases production, the effect of increasing income is obvious.
The nutrient content of this balance slowly releasing chemical fertilizer is: N+P
2O
5+ K
2O 〉=23%, organic more than or equal to 20%.This balance slowly releasing chemical fertilizer is carried out following experiment:
Test place and soil: the river moisture soil, fertility is even, and irrigation condition is good, extracts the chemical examination of 0~20cm soil sample before the experiment, wherein, organic matter 0.95%, alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen 45mg/kg, available phosphorus (P
2O
5) 52.0mg/kg, available potassium (K
2O) 76.5mg/kg, pH value 6.1.
Use crop: rape, kind China king, trench digging is sowed seeds, line-spacing 8cm.
Experimental design: three processing are established in experiment, four repetitions, sub-district area 20m
2, random alignment.
Experimental technique: handle 1 for base manure+towards granting the clear water of handling 3 equivalent, time of application is with handling 3.Handling 2 is composite fertilizer+this balance slowly releasing chemical fertilizer, uses 50kg/ mu with 3 contemporaneouslys of processing.Handle 3 and use this balance slowly releasing chemical fertilizer 100kg/ mu.Base manure: when ploughing, use the fertile 40kg/ mu of compound of 15-15-15, farm manure 3000kg/ mu.In the experimentation, each sub-district is except experiment chemical fertilizer difference, and other field management, agronomic measures are all consistent.The preceding crop Herba basellae rubrae, per mu yield 3500kg.
Field observation: handle and 3 to handle 1, handle 2 leaf looks green and glossy in the middle and later periods, the blade plumpness, the plant height height, handling 1 and 2 leaf looks more shallow; Because field management is relatively good, each is handled does not all have the disease and pest generation.
Yield result, as following table 1:
Table 1
Can draw according to table 1, handle 3 and use contrast mu volume increase rape 146.09kg of this balance slowly releasing chemical fertilizer, volume increase 8.32% is handled 2 and is used contrast mu volume increase rape 32.25 of this balance slowly releasing chemical fertilizer half amount, volume increase 1.84%.Through variance analysis, F=47.844>F0.01=8.02, difference reaches utmost point conspicuous level.
By multiple comparisons, difference reaches utmost point conspicuous level between processing 3 and the processing 1 and 2.Handle 1 and handle 2 between difference not remarkable.Illustrate that using this chemical fertilizer has extremely significant production-increasing function than contrast.It is not remarkable than contrast difference to use half amount.
The above only is preferred embodiment of the present invention, not in order to restriction the present invention, all any modifications of being done within the spirit and principles in the present invention, is equal to and replaces and improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. balance slowly releasing chemical fertilizer, it is characterized in that its component and proportioning are: the humate of the organic matter of the ammonium phosphate compound of the urea of 5~50 weight parts, 10~30 weight parts, the sylvite of 25~55 weight parts, 20~60 weight parts, the humic acids of 5~20 weight parts, 5~15 weight parts, the vitriol of 0.3~5 weight part, the borax of 0.1~1.5 weight part, seven water ammonium molybdates of 0.05~1 weight part and the polyacrylate compound or the hydroxylated cellulose of 0.1~15 weight part.
2. balance slowly releasing chemical fertilizer according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described ammonium phosphate compound is monoammonium phosphate or diammonium phosphate.
3. balance slowly releasing chemical fertilizer according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described sylvite comprises the potassium primary phosphate of 10~20 weight parts and the vitriolate of tartar of 15~35 weight parts.
4. balance slowly releasing chemical fertilizer according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described sylvite comprises the potassium primary phosphate of 10~20 weight parts and the saltpetre of 15~35 weight parts.
5. balance slowly releasing chemical fertilizer according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described humate is Sodium salts humic acids or potassium humate.
6. balance slowly releasing chemical fertilizer according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described vitriol comprises the calcium sulfate of 0.1~1.5 weight part, the sal epsom of 0.1~1.5 weight part and the zinc sulfate of 0.1~2 weight part.
7. balance slowly releasing chemical fertilizer according to claim 1 is characterized in that, polyacrylate compound is polyacrylic acid potassium, polyacrylamide, sodium polyacrylate.
8. balance slowly releasing chemical fertilizer according to claim 1 is characterized in that described organic matter is an organic fertilizer.
9. balance slowly releasing chemical fertilizer according to claim 8 is characterized in that, described organic fertilizer includes at least 30% sheep excrement, cow dung, fermentation poultry dung, dregs of beans, vinasse and biogas slag.
10. balance slowly releasing chemical fertilizer according to claim 1, it is characterized in that its component and proportioning are: the humate of the organic matter of the ammonium phosphate compound of the urea of 10 weight parts, 25 weight parts, the sylvite of 50 weight parts, 55 weight parts, the humic acids of 15 weight parts, 14 weight parts, the vitriol of 4 weight parts, the borax of 1.3 weight parts, seven water ammonium molybdates of 0.9 weight part and the polyacrylate compound of 13 weight parts.
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CN102276327A (en) * | 2011-07-06 | 2011-12-14 | 周志勇 | High-efficiency organic fertilizer |
CN102408275A (en) * | 2011-07-22 | 2012-04-11 | 河北九派生物科技有限公司 | Biological water flush fertilizer and application method thereof |
CN102617963A (en) * | 2012-03-26 | 2012-08-01 | 朱春来 | Preparation method for agricultural nutrient superabsorbent resin |
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Application publication date: 20110413 |