CN104892130A - A microbial fertilizer for saline-alkali land and applications thereof in plantation of vitex rotundifolia - Google Patents
A microbial fertilizer for saline-alkali land and applications thereof in plantation of vitex rotundifolia Download PDFInfo
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- CN104892130A CN104892130A CN201510254727.7A CN201510254727A CN104892130A CN 104892130 A CN104892130 A CN 104892130A CN 201510254727 A CN201510254727 A CN 201510254727A CN 104892130 A CN104892130 A CN 104892130A
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Abstract
A microbial fertilizer for saline-alkali land is provided. The microbial fertilizer comprises following components by mass: 30-40 parts of maleic anhydride, 30-40 parts of livestock manure, 20-25 parts of corn straw, 12-14 parts of biochemical fulvic acid, 8-10 parts of humic acid, 0.2-0.3 part of a microbial agent, 7-8 parts of a phosphorus fertilizer, 2-5 parts of amino acid salts, 0.1-0.4 part of boric sludge and 2-3 parts of manganese ore sludge. Applications of the microbial fertilizer in plantation of vitex rotundifolia are also provided. The beneficial effects of the microbial fertilizer and the applications are that the soil salt content is reduced to 2.0-2.5%, the water content of the soil is increased to 24-26%, the total porosity of the soil is increased to 45-56%, the water seepage speed of the soil is increased by 42-53%, and the survival rate of transplanting of the vitex rotundifolia is 96.1-97.8%.
Description
Technical field
The invention provides a kind of fertilizer and the application in Vitex rotundifolia plantation thereof, be specifically related to a kind of saltings microbial-bacterial fertilizer and the application in Vitex rotundifolia plantation thereof, belong to technical field of soil fertilizer.
Background technology
The modification method in saltings, comprise physically improved, chemical modifying, biological modification, physically improved general cost is higher, chemical modifying easily causes chemical composition to remain, so biological modification method becomes the main flow in market, traditional biological control measure improvement saltings, namely plant improvement saltings is used, easy to implement the method, remarkable in economical benefits, biological control measure can change the physical property of soil gradually, Soil structure is changed, and quality becomes loose, and ventilative and water storage capacity strengthens.
Microbial-bacterial fertilizer is used in improvement saltings, as a kind of means of biological modification, day by day be subject to people's attention, the method can improve utilization rate of fertilizer, reduce the basicity in saltings, but also Shortcomings: the preparation of (1) modifying agent, store and transport process in the activity of microorganism species can lose; (2) undesirable to the raising effect of the water ratio of soil, the overall porosity of soil and soil seepage velocity, not high to the improvement degree of soil physics structure, and structural instability; (3) after improvement, planting plants, surviving rate is not high, and bad.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is the deficiency solving prior art existence, provides a kind of saltings microbial-bacterial fertilizer and the application in Vitex rotundifolia plantation thereof, to realize following goal of the invention:
(1) effectively improve the alkaline land soil of planting area, reduce soil salt content;
(2) after fertilizer of the present invention is applied to saltings, improve the water ratio of soil, improve the overall porosity of soil, improve the seepage velocity of soil;
(3) fertilizer of the present invention is planted for the saltings of Vitex rotundifolia, and Vitex rotundifolia transplanting survival rate is high;
(4) fertilizer of the present invention is planted for the saltings of Vitex rotundifolia, and the fruit quality of Vitex rotundifolia is good, gathers, dry after maturation, meets pharmacopeia and to be used as medicine requirement.
for solving the problems of the technologies described above, by the following technical solutions:
A kind of saltings microbial-bacterial fertilizer, described bacterial manure comprises maleic anhydride, humic acids, microbiobacterial agent.
Described bacterial manure, also comprises feces of livestock and poultry, maize straw, biochemical fulvic acid, phosphate fertilizer, amino acid salts, boron mud, manganese ore mud.
Described bacterial manure, the mass ratio of each component is: maleic anhydride 30-40 part, feces of livestock and poultry 30-40 part, maize straw 20-25 part, biochemical fulvic acid 12-14 part, humic acids 8-10 part, microbiobacterial agent 0.2-0.3 part, phosphate fertilizer 7-8 part, amino acid salts 2-5 part, boron mud 0.1-0.4 part, manganese ore mud 2-3 part.
Described amino acid salts comprises Serine salt, leucine salt, aspartate.
The mass ratio of described Serine salt, leucine salt, aspartate is 1:2:2.
The application of a kind of saltings microbial-bacterial fertilizer in Vitex rotundifolia plantation, described application, comprising the selection in saltings, described saltings, is saline soil silty sand silt clay, below 60cm is the cement particle of the mud exquisiteness taking marine sediments as dominant shape one-tenth, soil is divided into master with sodium chloride salt, and the general thickness of arable layer is about 30cm, and saliferous is higher than 4.0%, soil moisture content is 12-15%, and the overall porosity of soil is 23-28%.
Described application, comprise irrigation and draining, described irrigation, water salinity is 1 ~ 2g/l, and pH value is 7.7 ~ 7.8, and sodium adsorption ratio is 2.3 ~ 2.5.
Described irrigation and draining, after transplanting plantation, drip washing is once, and leaching requirement is 40 ~ 65mm; Once, leaching requirement is 40 ~ 65mm in the phase drip washing of coming into leaves.
Described bacterial manure is planted for the saltings of Vitex rotundifolia, and the transplanting survival rate of Vitex rotundifolia is 96.1-97.8%.
compared with prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
(1) the present invention effectively improves the alkaline land soil of planting area, reduces soil salt content to 2.0-2.5%;
(2) after fertilizer of the present invention is applied to saltings, improve the water ratio of soil, improve the overall porosity of soil, improve the seepage velocity of soil, the water ratio of soil is 24-26%, and the overall porosity of soil is 45-56%, and the seepage velocity of soil improves 42-53%;
(3) fertilizer of the present invention is planted for the saltings of Vitex rotundifolia, and Vitex rotundifolia transplanting survival rate is 96.1-97.8%;
(4) fertilizer of the present invention is planted for the saltings of Vitex rotundifolia, and fruit (also known as the Simpleleaf Shrub Chastetree Fruit) quality of Vitex rotundifolia is good, gathers after maturation, dry, meet pharmacopeia to be used as medicine requirement, have sedation-analgesia effect and antipyretic effect, proterties and the chemical composition of Simpleleaf Shrub Chastetree Fruit of the present invention consist of:
1) proterties
Fruit is spherical, diameter 4-6mm, and there is thin longitudinal furrow 4 on surface, and Su Ebao is by the 1/3-2/3 of fruit, and tip 5 fissure, two lobes are torn in side of being everlasting.Transverse section pericarp lark, has brown color dot to be arranged in ring, is divided into Room 4, and there is 1 piece or sterile, seed every room;
2) chemical composition
In wild pepper fruit of the present invention, the content of vitricin is 0.009-0.02%, the content of fatty oil is 2.5-2.7%, fat main body of oil is that Pork and beans seeks cool acid, palmitinic acid, stearic acid, Zoomeric acid, oleic acid and linolic acid, and the content of unsaponifiables system (paraffin, Gamma-Tocopherol, β-sitosterol) is 0.8-1.0%.
(5) Vitex rotundifolia of the present invention is in the nursery stage, and seedling rate is 96.4-96.9%, and height of seedling increases 12-20cm, and seedling raise period shortens 25-40 days.
Embodiment
embodiment 1 one kinds of saltings microbial-bacterial fertilizers
(1) fertilizer formula
Described amino acid salts is Serine salt, leucine salt, aspartate, and mass ratio is 1:2:2.
(2) preparation method
1) organism of fermentation microbial inoculum is prepared:
The preparation method of butyric acid clostridium liquid:
The processing condition that butyric acid clostridium liquid seeds is cultivated are: peptone 10g/L, beef extract 5g/L, yeast extract 3g/L, glucose 10, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate 1, potassium primary phosphate 0.5, calcium chloride 0.8, cysteine hydrochloride 0.8, culture condition is: the bacterium liquid after activation is with 5%(V/V) inoculum size inoculation, the initial pH7.0 of substratum, inoculates rear 37 DEG C of quiescent culture 12h;
The preparation method of moral formula lactic acid bacterial liquid: required cultivation street is Fructus Hordei Germinatus 70mL, extractum carnis 10g, yeast extract paste 5g, and soybean protein powder 5g, adds water to 1000mL, initial pH is 6.5, and culture temperature is 38-42 DEG C; Aerobic fermentation 36-48h;
Butyric acid clostridium: moral formula lactic acid bacterial liquid (volume ratio) is 1-3:3-1, two kinds of bacterium liquid mix according to this volume ratio.
2) ferment
After the mixing of maleic anhydride, feces of livestock and poultry, maize straw, biochemical fulvic acid, humic acids, phosphate fertilizer, amino acid, boron mud, manganese ore mud, send into fermentation vat to ferment, control leavening temperature at 52-57 DEG C, fermentation humidity is 65-67%, stir once every 9-10h, obtained fertilizer through 6-7 days;
Described maize straw, is crushed to 80-100 order, and carbon-nitrogen ratio is 35-38:1.
embodiment 2 one kinds of saltings microbial-bacterial fertilizers
(1) fertilizer formula
Described amino acid salts is Serine salt, leucine salt, aspartate, and mass ratio is 1:2:2.
(2) preparation method
The preparation method of embodiment 1 is adopted to prepare fertilizer.
embodiment 3 one kinds of saltings microbial-bacterial fertilizers
(1) fertilizer formula
Described amino acid salts is Serine salt, leucine salt, aspartate, and mass ratio is 1:2:2.
(2) preparation method
The preparation method of embodiment 1 is adopted to prepare fertilizer.
the application of the above-mentioned fertilizer of embodiment 4 in Vitex rotundifolia plantation
(1) selection in saltings
Saline soil silty sand silt clay, below 60cm is the cement particle of the mud exquisiteness taking marine sediments as dominant shape one-tenth, soil is divided into master with sodium chloride salt, and the general thickness of arable layer is about 30cm, saltiness is the strongly salined soil of 4.0%, soil moisture content is 12-15%, and the overall porosity of soil is 23-28%.
(2) wholely
Deep plough 20 ~ 25 centimetres, execute farm manure 2500 kilograms for every mu, do the flat furrow of 100 centimetres wide after the thin leveling of rake, open the dark ditch of 3 cm by line-spacing 20 centimetres.
(3) seed treatment
1) collect seed, win the black Vitex rotundifolia fruit of maturation in 10 ~ November, the seed choosing full grains is for subsequent use;
2) rubbed with the hands gently by the shell of seed, the acid soak solution being placed in 28 degrees Celsius soaks 3.5 hours, the kinetin containing 1mg/L in this soak solution, and pH value is 1;
3) by step 2) process after seed with clear water clean, be then placed in incubator, make the temperature of incubator remain on 12 degrees Celsius, the subzero treatment time is 2.5 days;
4) be soaked in nutritive medium by the seed obtained in step 3), the formula of nutritive medium is: nitric acid phosphorus 5 ~ 6g/L, ammonium nitrate 2g/L, potassium molybdate 18mg/L, boric acid 35mg/L, lanthanum nitrate 25mg/L, root-inducing powder No. 3 35mg/L.Soak time is 10 hours, drains and can sow after taking out from soak solution.
(4) sowing, nursery
Be sprinkled into equably in ditch by seed at early March, cover fine earth lid and put down, upper cover grass keeps moistening, every mu of sowing consumption 5.5 kilograms; After coming up, thrown off by lid grass, between nursery stage, fertilising in every 12 days once, and every mu applies farm manure 300 kilograms, when height of seedling grows to 50cm, transplants.
(5) transplant
According to the distance of seeding row spacing 1 meter × 1.2 meters, dig diameter 35 centimetres, the hole that the degree of depth is 40 centimetres, often execute farmyard manure 8 kilograms in hole, often cheat 2 ~ 3 strains and transplant; Water a small amount of fresh water, after Withdrawal, carry out improving straw mulching by the end of August at the beginning of 9 months to the soil of growing area, stalk can select the stalk of straw, corn, wheat, and cladding thickness is 16-20cm.
(6) irrigation and draining
Make a call to four well casing combination wells in 20 ~ 30m depths, saline-alkali soil district, namely four go out the shared water outlet of hydrophthalmia; Water salinity is 1 ~ 2g/l, and pH value is 7.7 ~ 7.8, and sodium adsorption ratio is 2.3 ~ 2.5.After plantation, drip washing once, and leaching requirement is 40 ~ 65mm; Once, leaching requirement is 40 ~ 65mm in the phase drip washing of coming into leaves; Every two weeks drip washing one is afterwards washed, and in lessivation, adopt pipeline or anti-seepage channel water delivery, furrow is irrigated, and also can adopt sprinkling irrigation or drip irrigation.Slightly salty is the underground water of shallow-layer 20-30m, and large-area Demonstration And Extension is conducive to controlling phreatic table, prevents the accumulation of salt in the surface soil again.
(7) apply fertilizer
First fertilizer is evenly sprinkling upon sapling base portion, around Shu Yiquan, Distance-Tree shoot root portion 30-40cm, then with water impulsive motion, each fertilising 5-10kg/, along with plant growth appropriateness increases fertilizer amount.
(8) manage
Thinning, final singling are carried out to plant, in growth period timely prevention and elimination of disease and pests, and carry out water and fertilizer management, at ordinary times attentively in can not ponding, need to drain flooded fields in time.
test-results:
The present invention effectively improves the alkaline land soil of planting area, reduce soil salt content, improve the water ratio of soil, improve the overall porosity of soil, improve the seepage velocity of soil, plant after 1 year, the saltiness of soil is 2.0-2.5%, the water ratio of soil is 24-26%, and the overall porosity of soil is 45-56%, and the seepage velocity of soil improves 42-53%.
Fertilizer of the present invention is applied to the saltings plantation of Vitex rotundifolia, and Vitex rotundifolia transplanting survival rate is 96.1-97.8%.
Fertilizer of the present invention is applied to the saltings plantation of Vitex rotundifolia, gather after fruit (also known as the Simpleleaf Shrub Chastetree Fruit) maturation of Vitex rotundifolia, dry, meet pharmacopeia and to be used as medicine requirement, have sedation-analgesia effect and antipyretic effect, proterties and the chemical composition of Simpleleaf Shrub Chastetree Fruit of the present invention consist of:
1) proterties
Fruit is spherical, diameter 4-6mm, and there is thin longitudinal furrow 4 on surface, and Su Ebao is by the 1/3-2/3 of fruit, and tip 5 fissure, two lobes are torn in side of being everlasting.Transverse section pericarp lark, has brown color dot to be arranged in ring, is divided into Room 4, and there is 1 piece or sterile, seed every room;
2) chemical composition
In wild pepper fruit of the present invention, the content of vitricin is 0.009-0.02%, the content of fatty oil is 2.5-2.7%, fat main body of oil is that Pork and beans seeks cool acid, palmitinic acid, stearic acid, Zoomeric acid, oleic acid and linolic acid, and the content of unsaponifiables system (paraffin, Gamma-Tocopherol, β-sitosterol) is 0.8-1.0%.
Vitex rotundifolia of the present invention is in the nursery stage, and seedling rate is 96.4-96.9%, and height of seedling increases 12-20cm, and seedling raise period shortens 25-40 days.
Specific targets are in table 1.
As seen from the experiment, embodiment 2 is preferred embodiments.
The above is the citing of best mode for carrying out the invention; the part wherein do not addressed in detail is the common practise of those of ordinary skill in the art; protection scope of the present invention is as the criterion with the content of claim; any equivalent transformation carried out based on technology enlightenment of the present invention, also within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. a saltings microbial-bacterial fertilizer, is characterized in that: described bacterial manure comprises maleic anhydride, humic acids, microbiobacterial agent.
2. a kind of saltings according to claim 1 microbial-bacterial fertilizer, is characterized in that: described bacterial manure, also comprises feces of livestock and poultry, maize straw, biochemical fulvic acid, phosphate fertilizer, amino acid salts, boron mud, manganese ore mud.
3. a kind of saltings according to claim 1 microbial-bacterial fertilizer, it is characterized in that: described bacterial manure, the mass ratio of each component is: maleic anhydride 30-40 part, feces of livestock and poultry 30-40 part, maize straw 20-25 part, biochemical fulvic acid 12-14 part, humic acids 8-10 part, microbiobacterial agent 0.2-0.3 part, phosphate fertilizer 7-8 part, amino acid salts 2-5 part, boron mud 0.1-0.4 part, manganese ore mud 2-3 part.
4. a kind of saltings according to claim 2 microbial-bacterial fertilizer, is characterized in that: described amino acid salts comprises Serine salt, leucine salt, aspartate.
5. a kind of saltings according to claim 4 microbial-bacterial fertilizer, is characterized in that: the mass ratio of described Serine salt, leucine salt, aspartate is 1:2:2.
6. the application of saltings microbial-bacterial fertilizer in Vitex rotundifolia plantation, it is characterized in that: described application, comprising the selection in saltings, described saltings, is saline soil silty sand silt clay, below 60cm is the cement particle of the mud exquisiteness taking marine sediments as dominant shape one-tenth, soil is divided into master with sodium chloride salt, and the general thickness of arable layer is about 30cm, and saliferous is higher than 4.0%, soil moisture content is 12-15%, and the overall porosity of soil is 23-28%.
7. the application of a kind of saltings according to claim 6 microbial-bacterial fertilizer in Vitex rotundifolia plantation, is characterized in that: described application, comprises irrigation and draining, described irrigation, water salinity is 1 ~ 2g/l, and pH value is 7.7 ~ 7.8, and sodium adsorption ratio is 2.3 ~ 2.5.
8. the application of a kind of saltings according to claim 6 microbial-bacterial fertilizer in Vitex rotundifolia plantation, it is characterized in that: described irrigation and draining, after transplanting plantation, drip washing is once, and leaching requirement is 40 ~ 65mm; Once, leaching requirement is 40 ~ 65mm in the phase drip washing of coming into leaves.
9. the application of a kind of saltings according to claim 6 microbial-bacterial fertilizer in Vitex rotundifolia plantation, it is characterized in that: described bacterial manure is planted for the saltings of Vitex rotundifolia, the transplanting survival rate of Vitex rotundifolia is 96.1-97.8%.
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CN106010553A (en) * | 2016-05-31 | 2016-10-12 | 山东胜伟园林科技有限公司 | Method for carrying out raw soil greening on coastal beach saline and alkaline land by using cottonseed shell powder-containing salt absorbing agent |
CN105993268A (en) * | 2016-05-31 | 2016-10-12 | 山东胜伟园林科技有限公司 | Method for carrying out original-soil greening on seawater-dipped saline and alkaline land through salt absorption agents with sugar residue paste |
CN106034443A (en) * | 2016-05-31 | 2016-10-26 | 山东胜伟园林科技有限公司 | Method for performing raw soil greening on coast saline land through biological modifier containing fly ash |
CN106305039A (en) * | 2016-08-05 | 2017-01-11 | 山东省滨州市秋田种业有限责任公司 | Novel saline-alkali soil yield increase technology |
CN107088576A (en) * | 2016-02-17 | 2017-08-25 | 北京飞鹰绿地科技发展有限公司 | It is a kind of to be used to improve the method for acid soil |
CN107509405A (en) * | 2017-07-17 | 2017-12-26 | 中国科学院华南植物园 | A kind of method in tropical forest insect islands and reefs construction near-nature forest vegetation |
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CN107509405A (en) * | 2017-07-17 | 2017-12-26 | 中国科学院华南植物园 | A kind of method in tropical forest insect islands and reefs construction near-nature forest vegetation |
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Application publication date: 20150909 |