CN107691203A - A kind of implantation methods of the newly-ploughed lotus rhizome of selenium-rich - Google Patents
A kind of implantation methods of the newly-ploughed lotus rhizome of selenium-rich Download PDFInfo
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- CN107691203A CN107691203A CN201711012356.7A CN201711012356A CN107691203A CN 107691203 A CN107691203 A CN 107691203A CN 201711012356 A CN201711012356 A CN 201711012356A CN 107691203 A CN107691203 A CN 107691203A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B1/00—Superphosphates, i.e. fertilisers produced by reacting rock or bone phosphates with sulfuric or phosphoric acid in such amounts and concentrations as to yield solid products directly
- C05B1/02—Superphosphates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
- Y02P60/21—Dinitrogen oxide [N2O], e.g. using aquaponics, hydroponics or efficiency measures
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of implantation methods of the newly-ploughed lotus rhizome of selenium-rich, using Soilless Culture Methods, utilize mushroom slag, turf, vermiculite, oil shale semi-coke, diatomite, matrix is made in talcum powder, kind of lotus root is spread in the matrix handled well, additional selenium fertilizer is supplemented in growth period by newly-ploughed lotus rhizome, promotes plant growth, the nutriment needed for plant growth is provided, so as to obtain the newly-ploughed lotus rhizome product of high-quality selenium-rich.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to proportion of crop planting technical field, and in particular to a kind of implantation methods of selenium-rich lotus rhizome.
Background technology
Newly-ploughed lotus rhizome is the agricultural product for having dense south of the Five Ridges local characteristic, and its lotus root is aromatic strongly fragrant, the pure tunnel of lotus root taste, in being renown far and wide
Outside.Once obtain Panamanian international fair gold medal newly-ploughed lotus rhizome the 1970s, and obtain Minister Agriculture of China's pollution-free food within 1999
Certification, it is cited as within 2010 one of national geography sign protection product, the multi-form agriculture brand of Guangzhou ten, the famous agricultural production in Guangdong Province
Product.
Lotus rhizome contains abundant carbohydrate, proteins,vitamins,minerals, tannin etc..According to surveying and determination, per 100g lotus roots
77.9~89g of moisture content, 10~20g of starch, protein 1~2g, VC25~55mg, and gossypose, stachyose, rice sugar, sugarcane
Sugar and carrotene, polyphenolic substance, calcium, phosphorus, iron etc..The nutritive value of lotus rhizome is very high, can both eat when fruit, and can also cook
Delicacies, if salting into preserved fruit down with sugar or lotus root starch being made, even more have a distinctive flavour.Therefore, lotus rhizome is both quality vegetables, is had concurrently again superior
The characteristic of fruit, union nutrition and medicine are used for one, have good healthcare function, and it is all good to can be rated as fruit and vegetable, medicine three, is one
Kind integration of drinking and medicinal herbs food, thus it can be used as the high-quality tonic of old young men and women, especially valetudinarian.
Chinese patent《A kind of lotus rhizome implantation methods for effectively improving per mu yield》(number of patent application：
CN201610773838.3) disclose a kind of implantation methods of lotus rhizome, including seed selection, vernalization, apply fertilizer, sow, management, harvesting and
Next year manages.This method improves lotus rhizome survival rate, enhances the resistance against diseases of lotus rhizome, improves the yield of lotus rhizome, has driven lotus
The economic benefit of lotus root plantation.But the cost that lotus root is dug in the cost of plantation is high, and labor intensity is big, and efficiency is low, it is necessary to using conjunction
Suitable mode is improved.
The content of the invention
In order to solve the above problems, the invention provides a kind of implantation methods of selenium-rich Xin Ken le dishes, inorganic matrix is utilized
Coordinate nutrient solution soilless culture method, effectively solve conventional soil cultivation to lotus rhizome plantation it is natural obstruction, reduce plant into
This.
The present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions：
A kind of implantation methods of the newly-ploughed lotus rhizome of selenium-rich, comprise the following steps：
(1) choose seeds：Selection meet this product kind characteristic without insect pest, have no mechanical damage kind of a lotus root, and have more than two sections fully into
Completely sub- lotus root, sub- lotus root must grow to same direction for ripe lotus root body and normal bud, every weight 1-1.2kg；
(2) lotus root sterilization is planted：Kind lotus root is cut off after the 2nd section at 1.5cm, is never broken with hand, is used sterilization to spray uniformly and is sprayed
Kind lotus root, seals vexed kind of 24h, can be sowed after drying；
(3) pond fertilising is built：Lotus pool can determine specification according to actual landform, and width is no more than 15cm, and length is unlimited, Chi Shen
60-70cm, after lotus pool is built up, smooth bottom of pond and pool wall, spread layer of plastic film, to ensure that lotus pool is water-tight impermeable, lotus pool
After the completion of construction, the matrix treated into 20-30cm is spread, then covers the thick organo-mineral complexing base manure of 12-15cm；
(4) sowing row lotus root：When transplanting lotus rhizome, lotus pool keeps 3-5cm shallow water, and lotus root kind is moved towards according to seeding row spacing and lotus root side
It is evenly arranged in lotus pool, kind lotus root and pool wall spacing are 0.5-1m, and spacing in the rows 0.5-1.5m, line-spacing 1.5-2.5m, each strain is with triangle
Shape is arranged idle discharge, depth of planting 10-25cm；
(5) additional selenium fertilizer：20d after sowing row lotus root, start to occur to carry out first time top dressing when 3-5 pieces found leaf, claim plus selenium is stood
Leaf fertilizer；Second of top dressing is carried out when terminating leaf and occurring to claim to add selenium to sit lotus root fertilizer；Fertilising will select sunny calm weather to carry out, can not
In burning sun noon top dressing；Shallow water should be put before each top dressing to 3-5cm, water level is restored after top dressing 4-5d；Foliage top dressing twice,
There is when progress in plant 5-6 leaf phases and termination leaf respectively；
(6) Plant adjustment：Sowing row lotus root 1 month, should extract the withered floating leaf of jaundice, bennet is twisted into song when bud occurs,
But it is not broken, pay attention to anti-careless deinsectization；
(7) lotus rhizome is excavated：When the blade back for terminating leaf is in blush, and the vertical leaf leaf margin of base portion starts withered and yellow, lotus root is ripe, lotus
Start to excavate after lotus root maturation, every mu imposes urea 10-15kg, potassium chloride 5-7kg after harvesting.
Sterilization in upper step (2), which is sprayed, is：50% carbendazim, or 800 times of liquid of thiophanate methyl, or 75% Bravo can
800 times of liquid of WP.
Matrix described in upper step (3) includes following component by weight：Mushroom slag 5-10 parts, turf 5-10 parts, leech
Stone 5-10 parts, oil shale semi-coke 5-10 parts, diatomite 30-35 parts, talcum powder 20-25 parts.
Described matrix treatments method is：Oil shale semi-coke, vermiculite, diatomite are crushed respectively, are placed in calcining furnace
700-750 DEG C calcining 30-40 minutes, take out calcining after product mix with mushroom slag, turf, talcum powder stir evenly after progress 120 DEG C steam
Used after vapour sterilizing 30-40min.
Organo-mineral complexing base manure in upper step (3) includes following component by weight：Organic detritus 500-700
Part, urea 50-60 parts, calcium phosphate 20-30 parts, potassium sulfate 6-10 parts, magnesium sulfate 6-10 parts, calcium superphosphate 10-20 parts, ammonium nitrate
40-50 parts, microbial bacterial agent 50-70 parts, auxiliary material 25-35 parts.
Described organic detritus is Eucommia ulmoides leave dregses：Lignin：Corn stalk powder=1:1:2；The microbial bacterial agent into
It is divided into：Bacillus megaterium, Wei Nielande nitrogen-fixing bacteria CN-2 and Paecilomyces lilacinus, living bacteria count ratio are 50-60:50-60:
40-80, the living bacteria count of microbial bacterial agent are more than 200,000,000/g.
Organic detritus in described organo-mineral complexing base manure and microbial bacterial agent need to first carry out solid fermentation, then with institute
State other compositions to be used in mixed way, cultivation temperature is 30-35 DEG C, solid-liquid mass ratio 1:2-2.5, thickness of feed layer 6-7.5cm.
In upper step (5) plus selenium founds leaf fertilizer includes following component by weight：Enteromorpha bio-fertilizer 100-250 parts, EM
Microbial inoculum 0.5-1 parts, auxiliary material 1-2.5 parts, urea 25-30 parts, calcium phosphate 10-15 parts, potassium sulfate 25-30 parts, magnesium sulfate 3-5 parts,
Calcium superphosphate 5-10 parts, ammonium nitrate 20-25 parts, ferrous sulfate 2-3 parts, boric acid 0.1-0.3 parts, manganese sulfate 0.1-0.3 parts, sulfuric acid
Copper 0.01-0.03 parts, zinc sulfate 0.01-0.03 parts, ammonium molybdate 0.01-0.03 parts, sodium selenite 1-2 parts；
In upper step (5) plus selenium sits lotus root fertilizer includes following component by weight：Enteromorpha bio-fertilizer 100-250 parts, EM
Microbial inoculum 0.5-1 parts, auxiliary material 1-2.5 parts, urea 80-100 parts, calcium phosphate 20-30 parts, potassium sulfate 6-10 parts, magnesium sulfate 6-10 parts,
Calcium superphosphate 10-20 parts, ammonium nitrate 40-50 parts, sodium selenite 1-2 parts.
Described Enteromorpha bio-fertilizer need to first carry out decomposed with EM bacteria agent, then be used in mixed way with the other compositions, material-water ratio
For 1:2, it is placed in decomposed pond and mixes decomposed, every the abundant turnings of 2d 1 time, the decomposed time is 14d.
Described adjunct ingredient is the one or more in humic acid, turf, furfural dregs, yeast.
First time foliage top dressing adds 0.6- using 0.4% potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.03% boric acid solution in upper step (5)
0.8% selenic acid sodium solution carries out foliage-spray；Second of foliage top dressing uses 0.01%~0.05% ammonium molybdate or molybdic acid soda
Solution coordinates 1.0-1.2% sodium selenates to carry out being separated by 8-13 days between foliage-spray 2 times, 2 times.
The present invention possesses following beneficial effect：
A kind of selenium-rich lotus rhizome implantation methods of the present invention, being planted without soil for strict control condition of culture is carried out to lotus rhizome
Training, manually create lotus rhizome root system environment substitution soil environment, effectively solve pollution problem common in conventional soil cultivation with
Pest and disease damage problem, so as to obtain clean hygienic, pollution-free, nuisanceless, quality better lotus rhizome product.
The present invention sets the optimum environmental condition of lotus rhizome root system, so as to give full play to the yield potential of lotus rhizome.
The conventional inorganic matrix of present invention improvement coordinates the soilless culture method of nutrient solution, manure use and inorganic nutrients
Liquid is mixed in suitable ratio coordinates organic substrate to provide nutrition for lotus rhizome, makes full use of organic waste residues and biological raw material fermented
As the bio-fertilizer of lotus rhizome soilless culture, resource utilization is both improved, is reduced environmental pollution, plays the long-acting spy of organic fertilizer slowly-releasing again
Point, coordinate inorganic fertilizer effect to quantify the advantages of accurate soon, more preferably more suitably provide nutrition for lotus rhizome, significantly improve the product of lotus rhizome
Matter and yield.
The present invention grown according to lotus rhizome in regulation of fertilizer requirement, impose respectively plus selenium vertical leaf fertilizer with sit lotus root fertilizer, coordinate
Other nutrients of proper proportion so that the lotus rhizome that the present invention plants can accumulate more compared to the lotus rhizome that conventional method is planted
More nutriment, so as to obtain high-quality selenium-rich lotus rhizome product.
Embodiment
In order that the technical means, the inventive features, the objects and the advantages of the present invention are easy to understand, tie below
Specific embodiment is closed, the present invention is expanded on further.
Embodiment 1
A kind of implantation methods of the newly-ploughed lotus rhizome of selenium-rich, comprise the following steps：
(1) choose seeds：Selection meet this product kind characteristic without insect pest, have no mechanical damage kind of a lotus root, and have more than two sections fully into
Completely sub- lotus root, sub- lotus root must grow to same direction for ripe lotus root body and normal bud, every weight 1.1kg；
(2) lotus root sterilization is planted：Kind lotus root is cut off after the 2nd section at 1.5cm, is never broken with hand, is used sterilization to spray uniformly and is sprayed
Kind lotus root, seals vexed kind of 24h, can be sowed after drying；
(3) pond fertilising is built：Lotus pool can determine specification according to actual landform, and width is no more than 15cm, and length is unlimited, Chi Shen
65cm, after lotus pool is built up, smooth bottom of pond and pool wall, spread layer of plastic film, to ensure that lotus pool is water-tight impermeable, lotus pool construction
After the completion of, the matrix treated into 25cm is spread, then cover the thick organo-mineral complexing base manure of 13.5cm；
(4) sowing row lotus root：When transplanting lotus rhizome, lotus pool keeps 4cm shallow water, and lotus root kind is moved towards into equal according to seeding row spacing and lotus root side
Even to be arranged in lotus pool, kind lotus root is 0.75m, spacing in the rows 1m, line-spacing 2m with pool wall spacing, and each strain is arranged with triangle pair idle discharge, plant
Depth is 17.5cm；
(5) additional selenium fertilizer：20d after sowing row lotus root, start to occur to carry out first time top dressing during 4 vertical leaves, claim plus selenium founds leaf
Fertilizer；Second of top dressing is carried out when terminating leaf and occurring to claim to add selenium to sit lotus root fertilizer；Fertilising will select sunny calm weather to carry out, can not be
Burning sun noon top dressing；Shallow water should be put before each top dressing to 4cm, water level is restored after top dressing 4.5d；Foliage top dressing twice, is distinguished
There is when progress in the leaf phase of plant 5 and termination leaf；
(6) Plant adjustment：Sowing row lotus root 1 month, should extract the withered floating leaf of jaundice, bennet is twisted into song when bud occurs,
But it is not broken, pay attention to anti-careless deinsectization；
(7) lotus rhizome is excavated：When the blade back for terminating leaf is in blush, and the vertical leaf leaf margin of base portion starts withered and yellow, lotus root is ripe, lotus
Start to excavate after lotus root maturation, every mu imposes urea 12.5kg, potassium chloride 6kg after harvesting.
A kind of newly-ploughed lotus rhizome implantation methods of the present embodiment, the sterilization spraying in the step (2) are：50% carbendazim, or
800 times of liquid of thiophanate methyl, or 75% Bravo wettable powder, 800 times of liquid.
A kind of newly-ploughed lotus rhizome implantation methods of the present embodiment, matrix described in the step (3) include by weight with
Lower composition：7.5 parts of mushroom slag, 7.5 parts of turf, 7.5 parts of vermiculite, 7.5 parts of oil shale semi-coke, 32.5 parts of diatomite, talcum powder 22.5
Part.
Above-mentioned matrix treatments method is：Oil shale semi-coke, vermiculite, diatomite are crushed respectively, are placed in calcining furnace
725 DEG C calcine 35 minutes, take out calcining after product mixed with mushroom slag, turf, talcum powder stir evenly after progress 120 DEG C of steam sterilizings
Used after 35min.
A kind of implantation methods of the newly-ploughed lotus rhizome of selenium-rich of the present embodiment, the organo-mineral complexing base manure in the step (3) are pressed
Parts by weight meter includes following component：600 parts of organic detritus, 55 parts of urea, 25 parts of calcium phosphate, 8 parts of potassium sulfate, 8 parts of magnesium sulfate, mistake
15 parts of calcium phosphate, 45 parts of ammonium nitrate, 60 parts of microbial bacterial agent, 30 parts of auxiliary material.
Described organic detritus is Eucommia ulmoides leave dregses:Lignin:Corn stalk powder=1:1:2；The microbial bacterial agent into
It is divided into：Bacillus megaterium, Wei Nielande nitrogen-fixing bacteria CN-2 and Paecilomyces lilacinus, living bacteria count ratio are 55:55:60, it is micro-
The living bacteria count of bacteria agent is more than 200,000,000/g.
The implantation methods of the newly-ploughed lotus rhizome of a kind of selenium-rich of the present embodiment, in the organo-mineral complexing base manure in the step (3)
Organic detritus and microbial bacterial agent need to first carry out solid fermentation, then be used in mixed way with the other compositions, cultivation temperature is
32.5 DEG C, solid-liquid mass ratio 1:2.25, thickness of feed layer 6.75cm.
A kind of implantation methods of the newly-ploughed lotus rhizome of selenium-rich of the present embodiment, in the step (5) plus selenium found leaf fertilizer by weight
Meter includes following component：175 parts of Enteromorpha bio-fertilizer, 0.75 part of EM bacteria agent, 1.75 parts of auxiliary material, 27.5 parts of urea, calcium phosphate 12.5
Part, 27.5 parts of potassium sulfate, 4 parts of magnesium sulfate, 7.5 parts of calcium superphosphate, 22.5 parts of ammonium nitrate, 2.5 parts of ferrous sulfate, 0.2 part of boric acid,
0.2 part of manganese sulfate, 0.02 part of copper sulphate, 0.02 part of zinc sulfate, 0.02 part of ammonium molybdate, 1.5 parts of sodium selenite；
A kind of implantation methods of the newly-ploughed lotus rhizome of selenium-rich of the present embodiment, in the step (5) plus selenium sit lotus root fertilizer by weight
Meter includes following component：175 parts of Enteromorpha bio-fertilizer, 0.75 part of EM bacteria agent, 1.75 parts of auxiliary material, 90 parts of urea, 25 parts of calcium phosphate, sulphur
Sour 8 parts of potassium, 8 parts of magnesium sulfate, 15 parts of calcium superphosphate, 45 parts of ammonium nitrate, 1.5 parts of sodium selenite.
Described Enteromorpha bio-fertilizer need to first carry out decomposed with EM bacteria agent, then be used in mixed way with the other compositions, material-water ratio
For 1:2, it is placed in decomposed pond and mixes decomposed, every the abundant turnings of 2d 1 time, the decomposed time is 14d.
Described adjunct ingredient is the one or more in humic acid, turf, furfural dregs, yeast.
A kind of implantation methods of the newly-ploughed lotus rhizome of selenium-rich of the present embodiment, in the step (5) first time foliage top dressing be specifically
0.7% selenic acid sodium solution is added to carry out foliage-spray using 0.4% potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.03% boric acid solution；Second of root
Outer top dressing is specifically to coordinate 1.1% sodium selenate to carry out foliage-spray 2 times, 2 times using 0.03% ammonium molybdate or molybdic acid soda solution
Between be separated by 10.5 days.
Embodiment 2
A kind of implantation methods of the newly-ploughed lotus rhizome of selenium-rich, comprise the following steps：
(1) choose seeds：Selection meet this product kind characteristic without insect pest, have no mechanical damage kind of a lotus root, and have more than two sections fully into
Completely sub- lotus root, sub- lotus root must grow to same direction for ripe lotus root body and normal bud, every weight 1kg；
(2) lotus root sterilization is planted：Kind lotus root is cut off after the 2nd section at 1.5cm, is never broken with hand, is used sterilization to spray uniformly and is sprayed
Kind lotus root, seals vexed kind of 24h, can be sowed after drying；
(3) pond fertilising is built：Lotus pool can determine specification according to actual landform, and width is no more than 15cm, and length is unlimited, Chi Shen
60cm, after lotus pool is built up, smooth bottom of pond and pool wall, spread layer of plastic film, to ensure that lotus pool is water-tight impermeable, lotus pool construction
After the completion of, the matrix treated into 20cm is spread, then cover the thick organo-mineral complexing base manure of 12cm；
(4) sowing row lotus root：When transplanting lotus rhizome, lotus pool keeps 3cm shallow water, and lotus root kind is moved towards into equal according to seeding row spacing and lotus root side
Even to be arranged in lotus pool, kind lotus root is 0.5m, spacing in the rows 0.5m, line-spacing 1.5m with pool wall spacing, and each strain is arranged with triangle pair idle discharge, is planted
Plant depth is 10cm；
(5) additional selenium fertilizer：20d after sowing row lotus root, start to occur to carry out first time top dressing during 3 vertical leaves, claim plus selenium founds leaf
Fertilizer；Second of top dressing is carried out when terminating leaf and occurring to claim to add selenium to sit lotus root fertilizer；Fertilising will select sunny calm weather to carry out, can not be
Burning sun noon top dressing；Shallow water should be put before each top dressing to 3cm, water level is restored after top dressing 4d；Foliage top dressing twice, exists respectively
There is when progress in the leaf phase of plant 5 and termination leaf；
(6) Plant adjustment：Sowing row lotus root 1 month, should extract the withered floating leaf of jaundice, bennet is twisted into song when bud occurs,
But it is not broken, pay attention to anti-careless deinsectization；
(7) lotus rhizome is excavated：When the blade back for terminating leaf is in blush, and the vertical leaf leaf margin of base portion starts withered and yellow, lotus root is ripe, lotus
Start to excavate after lotus root maturation, every mu imposes urea 10kg, potassium chloride 5kg after harvesting.
A kind of newly-ploughed lotus rhizome implantation methods of the present embodiment, the sterilization spraying in the step (2) are：50% carbendazim, or
800 times of liquid of thiophanate methyl, or 75% Bravo wettable powder, 800 times of liquid.
A kind of newly-ploughed lotus rhizome implantation methods of the present embodiment, matrix described in the step (3) include by weight with
Lower composition：5 parts of mushroom slag, 5 parts of turf, 5 parts of vermiculite, 5 parts of oil shale semi-coke, 30 parts of diatomite, 20 parts of talcum powder.
Above-mentioned matrix treatments method is：Oil shale semi-coke, vermiculite, diatomite are crushed respectively, are placed in calcining furnace
700 DEG C calcine 30 minutes, take out calcining after product mixed with mushroom slag, turf, talcum powder stir evenly after progress 120 DEG C of steam sterilizings
Used after 30min.
A kind of implantation methods of the newly-ploughed lotus rhizome of selenium-rich of the present embodiment, the organo-mineral complexing base manure in the step (3) are pressed
Parts by weight meter includes following component：500 parts of organic detritus, 50 parts of urea, 20 parts of calcium phosphate, 6 parts of potassium sulfate, 6 parts of magnesium sulfate, mistake
10 parts of calcium phosphate, 40 parts of ammonium nitrate, 50 parts of microbial bacterial agent, 25 parts of auxiliary material.
Described organic detritus is Eucommia ulmoides leave dregses:Lignin:Corn stalk powder=1:1:2；The microbial bacterial agent into
It is divided into：Bacillus megaterium, Wei Nielande nitrogen-fixing bacteria CN-2 and Paecilomyces lilacinus, living bacteria count ratio are 50:50:40, it is micro-
The living bacteria count of bacteria agent is more than 200,000,000/g.
The implantation methods of the newly-ploughed lotus rhizome of a kind of selenium-rich of the present embodiment, in the organo-mineral complexing base manure in the step (3)
Organic detritus and microbial bacterial agent need to first carry out solid fermentation, then be used in mixed way with the other compositions, cultivation temperature 30
DEG C, solid-liquid mass ratio 1:2, thickness of feed layer 6cm.
A kind of implantation methods of the newly-ploughed lotus rhizome of selenium-rich of the present embodiment, in the step (5) plus selenium found leaf fertilizer by weight
Meter includes following component：100 parts of Enteromorpha bio-fertilizer, 0.5 part of EM bacteria agent, 1 part of auxiliary material, 25 parts of urea, 10 parts of calcium phosphate, potassium sulfate
25 parts, 3 parts of magnesium sulfate, 5 parts of calcium superphosphate, 20 parts of ammonium nitrate, 2 parts of ferrous sulfate, 0.1 part of boric acid, 0.1 part of manganese sulfate, sulfuric acid
0.01 part of copper, 0.01 part of zinc sulfate, 0.01 part of ammonium molybdate, 1 part of sodium selenite；
A kind of implantation methods of the newly-ploughed lotus rhizome of selenium-rich of the present embodiment, in the step (5) plus selenium sit lotus root fertilizer by weight
Meter includes following component：100 parts of Enteromorpha bio-fertilizer, 0.5 part of EM bacteria agent, 1 part of auxiliary material, 80 parts of urea, 20 parts of calcium phosphate, potassium sulfate
6 parts, 6 parts of magnesium sulfate, 10 parts of calcium superphosphate, 40 parts of ammonium nitrate, 1 part of sodium selenite.
Described Enteromorpha bio-fertilizer need to first carry out decomposed with EM bacteria agent, then be used in mixed way with the other compositions, material-water ratio
For 1:2, it is placed in decomposed pond and mixes decomposed, every the abundant turnings of 2d 1 time, the decomposed time is 14d.
Described adjunct ingredient is the one or more in humic acid, turf, furfural dregs, yeast.
A kind of implantation methods of the newly-ploughed lotus rhizome of selenium-rich of the present embodiment, in the step (5) first time foliage top dressing be specifically
0.6% selenic acid sodium solution is added to carry out foliage-spray using 0.4% potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.03% boric acid solution；Second of root
Outer top dressing is specifically to coordinate 1.0% sodium selenate to carry out foliage-spray 2 times, 2 times using 0.01% ammonium molybdate or molybdic acid soda solution
Between be separated by 8 days.
Embodiment 3
A kind of implantation methods of the newly-ploughed lotus rhizome of selenium-rich, comprise the following steps：
(1) choose seeds：Selection meet this product kind characteristic without insect pest, have no mechanical damage kind of a lotus root, and have more than two sections fully into
Completely sub- lotus root, sub- lotus root must grow to same direction for ripe lotus root body and normal bud, every weight 1.2kg；
(2) lotus root sterilization is planted：Kind lotus root is cut off after the 2nd section at 1.5cm, is never broken with hand, is used sterilization to spray uniformly and is sprayed
Kind lotus root, seals vexed kind of 24h, can be sowed after drying；
(3) pond fertilising is built：Lotus pool can determine specification according to actual landform, and width is no more than 15cm, and length is unlimited, Chi Shen
70cm, after lotus pool is built up, smooth bottom of pond and pool wall, spread layer of plastic film, to ensure that lotus pool is water-tight impermeable, lotus pool construction
After the completion of, the matrix treated into 30cm is spread, then cover the thick organo-mineral complexing base manure of 15cm；
(4) sowing row lotus root：When transplanting lotus rhizome, lotus pool keeps 5cm shallow water, and lotus root kind is moved towards into equal according to seeding row spacing and lotus root side
Even to be arranged in lotus pool, kind lotus root is 1m, spacing in the rows 1.5m, line-spacing 2.5m with pool wall spacing, and each strain is arranged with triangle pair idle discharge, plant
Depth is 25cm；
(5) additional selenium fertilizer：20d after sowing row lotus root, start to occur to carry out first time top dressing during 5 vertical leaves, claim plus selenium founds leaf
Fertilizer；Second of top dressing is carried out when terminating leaf and occurring to claim to add selenium to sit lotus root fertilizer；Fertilising will select sunny calm weather to carry out, can not be
Burning sun noon top dressing；Shallow water should be put before each top dressing to 5cm, water level is restored after top dressing 5d；Foliage top dressing twice, exists respectively
There is when progress in the leaf phase of plant 6 and termination leaf；
(6) Plant adjustment：Sowing row lotus root 1 month, should extract the withered floating leaf of jaundice, bennet is twisted into song when bud occurs,
But it is not broken, pay attention to anti-careless deinsectization；
(7) lotus rhizome is excavated：When the blade back for terminating leaf is in blush, and the vertical leaf leaf margin of base portion starts withered and yellow, lotus root is ripe, lotus
Start to excavate after lotus root maturation, every mu imposes urea 15kg, potassium chloride 7kg after harvesting.
A kind of newly-ploughed lotus rhizome implantation methods of the present embodiment, the sterilization spraying in the step (2) are：50% carbendazim, or
800 times of liquid of thiophanate methyl, or 75% Bravo wettable powder, 800 times of liquid.
A kind of newly-ploughed lotus rhizome implantation methods of the present embodiment, matrix described in the step (3) include by weight with
Lower composition：10 parts of mushroom slag, 10 parts of turf, 10 parts of vermiculite, 10 parts of oil shale semi-coke, 35 parts of diatomite, 25 parts of talcum powder.
Above-mentioned matrix treatments method is：Oil shale semi-coke, vermiculite, diatomite are crushed respectively, are placed in calcining furnace
750 DEG C calcine 40 minutes, take out calcining after product mixed with mushroom slag, turf, talcum powder stir evenly after progress 120 DEG C of steam sterilizings
Used after 40min.
A kind of implantation methods of the newly-ploughed lotus rhizome of selenium-rich of the present embodiment, the organo-mineral complexing base manure in the step (3) are pressed
Parts by weight meter includes following component：700 parts of organic detritus, 60 parts of urea, 30 parts of calcium phosphate, 10 parts of potassium sulfate, 10 parts of magnesium sulfate,
20 parts of calcium superphosphate, 50 parts of ammonium nitrate, 70 parts of microbial bacterial agent, 35 parts of auxiliary material.
Described organic detritus is Eucommia ulmoides leave dregses:Lignin:Corn stalk powder=1:1:2；The microbial bacterial agent into
It is divided into：Bacillus megaterium, Wei Nielande nitrogen-fixing bacteria CN-2 and Paecilomyces lilacinus, living bacteria count ratio are 60:60:80, it is micro-
The living bacteria count of bacteria agent is more than 200,000,000/g.
The implantation methods of the newly-ploughed lotus rhizome of a kind of selenium-rich of the present embodiment, in the organo-mineral complexing base manure in the step (3)
Organic detritus and microbial bacterial agent need to first carry out solid fermentation, then be used in mixed way with the other compositions, cultivation temperature 35
DEG C, solid-liquid mass ratio 1:2.5, thickness of feed layer 7.5cm.
A kind of implantation methods of the newly-ploughed lotus rhizome of selenium-rich of the present embodiment, in the step (5) plus selenium found leaf fertilizer by weight
Meter includes following component：250 parts of Enteromorpha bio-fertilizer, 1 part of EM bacteria agent, 2.5 parts of auxiliary material, 30 parts of urea, 15 parts of calcium phosphate, potassium sulfate
30 parts, 5 parts of magnesium sulfate, 10 parts of calcium superphosphate, 25 parts of ammonium nitrate, 3 parts of ferrous sulfate, 0.3 part of boric acid, 0.3 part of manganese sulfate, sulfuric acid
0.03 part of copper, 0.03 part of zinc sulfate, 0.03 part of ammonium molybdate, 2 parts of sodium selenite；
A kind of implantation methods of the newly-ploughed lotus rhizome of selenium-rich of the present embodiment, in the step (5) plus selenium sit lotus root fertilizer by weight
Meter includes following component：250 parts of Enteromorpha bio-fertilizer, 1 part of EM bacteria agent, 2.5 parts of auxiliary material, 100 parts of urea, 30 parts of calcium phosphate, sulfuric acid
10 parts of potassium, 10 parts of magnesium sulfate, 20 parts of calcium superphosphate, 50 parts of ammonium nitrate, 2 parts of sodium selenite.
Described Enteromorpha bio-fertilizer need to first carry out decomposed with EM bacteria agent, then be used in mixed way with the other compositions, material-water ratio
For 1:2, it is placed in decomposed pond and mixes decomposed, every the abundant turnings of 2d 1 time, the decomposed time is 14d.
Described adjunct ingredient is the one or more in humic acid, turf, furfural dregs, yeast.
A kind of implantation methods of the newly-ploughed lotus rhizome of selenium-rich of the present embodiment, in the step (5) first time foliage top dressing be specifically
0.8% selenic acid sodium solution is added to carry out foliage-spray using 0.4% potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.03% boric acid solution；Second of root
Outer top dressing is specifically to coordinate 1.2% sodium selenate to carry out foliage-spray 2 times, 2 times using 0.05% ammonium molybdate or molybdic acid soda solution
Between be separated by 13 days.
Comparative example 1
Difference with embodiment 1 is, organic detritus is not included in the organo-mineral complexing base manure of routine fertilization.
Comparative example 2
Difference with embodiment 1 is, does not include sodium selenite in vertical leaf fertilizer.
Comparative example 3
Difference with embodiment 1 is, sits in lotus root fertilizer and does not include sodium selenite.
Compliance test result
Six kinds of methods according to above-described embodiment 1~3, comparative example 1~3 carry out building pond kind lotus root, wherein, planting generation 3
The moon to early April, March in late September to next year harvest withered lotus lotus root, and the related data result of plantation is as follows：
It can be obtained from above, embodiment group is better than comparative example group in increase of production rate and the index of quality, illustrates present invention kind
The step of planting lotus rhizome, composition are indispensable；Because lotus rhizome grow in regulation of fertilizer requirement, impose respectively plus selenium vertical leaf fertilizer with
Lotus root fertilizer is sat, coordinates other nutrients of proper proportion so that the lotus rhizome of a kind of plant of embodiment is planted compared to comparative example 2,3 kind
Lotus rhizome can accumulate more nutriments, so as to obtain high-quality selenium-rich lotus rhizome product；Embodiment 1 compared with comparative example 1, due to
Organic detritus can provide lotus rhizome nutrition, and it is fermented after can improve root activity, lotus root root is fully absorbed organic matter and ore deposit
Material, plant development is good, fruit it is best in quality, therefore than comparative example 1 yield rise speed it is big；What the present invention planted
Newly-ploughed lotus rhizome lotus rhizome hypertrophy is plentiful, and taste loose powder, lotus root are aromatic strongly fragrant.
Embodiment described above only expresses the several embodiments of the present invention, and its description is more specific and detailed, but simultaneously
Therefore the limitation to the scope of the claims of the present invention can not be interpreted as.It should be pointed out that for one of ordinary skill in the art
For, without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, various modifications and improvements can be made, these belong to the guarantor of the present invention
Protect scope.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of newly-ploughed lotus rhizome implantation methods of selenium-rich, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
(1) choose seeds：Selection meet this product kind characteristic without insect pest, have no mechanical damage kind of a lotus root, and have more than two sections fully ripe
Completely sub- lotus root, sub- lotus root must grow to same direction for lotus root body and normal bud, every weight 1-1.2kg；
(2) lotus root sterilization is planted：Kind lotus root is cut off after the 2nd section at 1.5cm, is never broken with hand, is sprayed using sterilization and is uniformly sprayed kind of a lotus root,
Vexed kind of 24h is sealed, can be sowed after drying；
(3) pond fertilising is built：Lotus pool can determine specification according to actual landform, and width is no more than 15cm, and length is unlimited, pond depth 60-
70cm, after lotus pool is built up, smooth bottom of pond and pool wall, spread layer of plastic film, to ensure that lotus pool is water-tight impermeable, lotus pool construction
After the completion of, the matrix treated into 20-30cm is spread, then cover the thick organo-mineral complexing base manure of 12-15cm；
(4) sowing row lotus root：When transplanting lotus rhizome, lotus pool keeps 3-5cm shallow water, and lotus root kind is moved towards into uniform according to seeding row spacing and lotus root side
It is arranged in lotus pool, kind lotus root and pool wall spacing are 0.5-1m, and spacing in the rows 0.5-1.5m, line-spacing 1.5-2.5m, each strain is with triangle pair
Idle discharge arranges, depth of planting 10-25cm；
(5) additional selenium fertilizer：20d after sowing row lotus root, start to occur to carry out first time top dressing when 3-5 pieces found leaf, claim plus selenium founds leaf fertilizer；
Second of top dressing is carried out when terminating leaf and occurring to claim to add selenium to sit lotus root fertilizer；Fertilising will select sunny calm weather to carry out, can not be strong
Day noon top dressing；Shallow water should be put before each top dressing to 3-5cm, water level is restored after top dressing 4-5d；Foliage top dressing twice, is distinguished
There is when progress in plant 5-6 leaf phases and termination leaf；
(6) Plant adjustment：Sowing row lotus root 1 month, should extract the withered floating leaf of jaundice, bennet is twisted into song when bud occurs, but not
It is broken, pay attention to anti-careless deinsectization；
(7) lotus rhizome is excavated：When the blade back for terminating leaf be in blush, and the vertical leaf leaf margin of base portion starts withered and yellow, lotus root is ripe, lotus rhizome into
Start to excavate after ripe, every mu imposes urea 10-15kg, potassium chloride 5-7kg after harvesting.
2. the newly-ploughed lotus rhizome implantation methods of a kind of selenium-rich according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in the step (2)
Sterilizing spraying is：50% carbendazim, or 800 times of liquid of thiophanate methyl, or 75% Bravo wettable powder, 800 times of liquid.
A kind of 3. newly-ploughed lotus rhizome implantation methods of selenium-rich according to claim 1, it is characterised in that institute in the step (3)
The matrix stated includes following component by weight：Mushroom slag 5-10 parts, turf 5-10 parts, vermiculite 5-10 parts, oil shale semi-coke 5-
10 parts, diatomite 30-35 parts, talcum powder 20-25 parts.
A kind of 4. newly-ploughed lotus rhizome implantation methods of selenium-rich according to claim 3, it is characterised in that described matrix treatments side
Method is：Oil shale semi-coke, vermiculite, diatomite are crushed respectively, 700-750 DEG C of calcining 30-40 minute in calcining furnace is placed in, takes
Go out calcining after product mixed with mushroom slag, turf, talcum powder stir evenly after progress 120 DEG C of steam sterilizing 30-40min after use.
5. the newly-ploughed lotus rhizome implantation methods of a kind of selenium-rich according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in the step (3)
Organo-mineral complexing base manure includes following component by weight：Organic detritus 500-700 parts, urea 50-60 parts, calcium phosphate
20-30 parts, potassium sulfate 6-10 parts, magnesium sulfate 6-10 parts, calcium superphosphate 10-20 parts, ammonium nitrate 40-50 parts, microbial bacterial agent 50-
70 parts, auxiliary material 25-35 parts；Described adjunct ingredient is the one or more in humic acid, turf, furfural dregs, yeast.
6. the newly-ploughed lotus rhizome implantation methods of a kind of selenium-rich according to claim 5, it is characterised in that described organic detritus is
Eucommia ulmoides leave dregses：Lignin：Corn stalk powder=1:1:2；The composition of the microbial bacterial agent is：Bacillus megaterium, Wei Nielan
Moral nitrogen-fixing bacteria CN-2 and Paecilomyces lilacinus, living bacteria count ratio are 50-60:50-60:40-80, effective work of microbial bacterial agent
Bacterium number is more than 200,000,000/g.
A kind of 7. newly-ploughed lotus rhizome implantation methods of selenium-rich according to claim 5, it is characterised in that described organic and inorganic compound
The organic detritus closed in base manure need to first carry out solid fermentation with microbial bacterial agent, then be used in mixed way with the other compositions, cultivate
Temperature is 30-35 DEG C, solid-liquid mass ratio 1:2-2.5, thickness of feed layer 6-7.5cm.
8. the newly-ploughed lotus rhizome implantation methods of a kind of selenium-rich according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in the step (5)
Add selenium to found leaf fertilizer includes following component by weight：Enteromorpha bio-fertilizer 100-250 parts, EM bacteria agent 0.5-1 parts, auxiliary material 1-2.5
Part, urea 25-30 parts, calcium phosphate 10-15 parts, potassium sulfate 25-30 parts, magnesium sulfate 3-5 parts, calcium superphosphate 5-10 parts, ammonium nitrate
20-25 parts, ferrous sulfate 2-3 parts, boric acid 0.1-0.3 parts, manganese sulfate 0.1-0.3 parts, copper sulphate 0.01-0.03 parts, zinc sulfate
0.01-0.03 parts, ammonium molybdate 0.01-0.03 parts, sodium selenite 1-2 parts；
In the step (5) plus selenium sits lotus root fertilizer includes following component by weight：Enteromorpha bio-fertilizer 100-250 parts, EM bacterium
Agent 0.5-1 parts, auxiliary material 1-2.5 parts, urea 80-100 parts, calcium phosphate 20-30 parts, potassium sulfate 6-10 parts, magnesium sulfate 6-10 parts, mistake
Calcium phosphate 10-20 parts, ammonium nitrate 40-50 parts, sodium selenite 1-2 parts.
A kind of 9. newly-ploughed lotus rhizome implantation methods of selenium-rich according to claim 8, it is characterised in that described Enteromorpha bio-fertilizer
It need to first carry out decomposed, then be used in mixed way with the other compositions, material-water ratio 1 with EM bacteria agent:2, it is placed in decomposed pond and mixes corruption
Ripe, every the abundant turnings of 2d 1 time, the decomposed time is 14d.
10. the newly-ploughed lotus rhizome implantation methods of a kind of selenium-rich according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in the step (5)
Foliage top dressing adds 0.6-0.8% selenic acids sodium solution to carry out leaf using 0.4% potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.03% boric acid solution
Face sprays；Second of foliage top dressing coordinates 1.0-1.2% selenic acids using 0.01%~0.05% ammonium molybdate or molybdic acid soda solution
Sodium carries out being separated by 8-13 days between foliage-spray 2 times, 2 times.
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